Israhia Joy Copioco BSMT1B
Chapter 5
Rizal in Europe, the Propaganda Movement, and Noli me tangere and Tour of Europe
Part A Activities
Answer the following questions:
1. Explain the principle of assimilation advocated by the Propaganda Movement.
- In the freer atmosphere of Europe, these émigrés--liberals exiled in 1872 and students
attending European universities--formed the Propaganda Movement. It was organized for
literary and cultural purposes more than for political ends, the Propagandists, who included
upper-class Filipinos from all the lowland Christian areas, strove to "awaken the sleeping
intellect of the Spaniard to the needs of our country" and to create a closer, more equal
association of the islands and the motherland.
2. Appraise Rizal’s relationship with other Propagandists
- JOSE P. Rizal is one of the forerunners of the propaganda movement that awakened the
Filipino people from the abuses of the Spanish colonizers, said Raymond Basilio, a history
teacher for three years in a school in Bukidnon. Jose Rizal served as the mouthpiece of the
injustices and grave human rights violations the Filipino people went through during the
Spanish rule. “He provided venue for the people to air out their sentiments against the
malpractices of the Spaniards
3. Analyze Rizal’s growth as a Propagandist and disavowal of assimilation.
- In order to help achieve its goals, the Propaganda Movement put up its own newspaper,
called La Solidaridad. The Soli, as the reformists fondly called their official organ, came out
once every two weeks. The first issue saw print was published on November 15, 1895.
- The Solidaridad’s first editor was Graciano Lopez Jaena. Marcelo H. del Pilar took over in
October 1889. Del Pilar managed the Soli until it stopped publication due to lack of funds.
-
Pat B Activities
Direction: Read the following excerpt from the article, “Our Aims,” written by the staff of La
Solidaridad on February 15, 1889. Answer the questions that follow. Our Aims
Modest, very modest indeed are our aspirations. Our program aside from being harmless is very
simple; to fight all reaction, to hinder all steps backward, to applaud and to accept all liberal
ideas, and to defend progress; in brief, to be a propagandist above all of ideals of democracy so
that these might reign over all nations here and beyond the seas. The aims of La Solidaridad
are defined: to gather, to collect liberal ideas which are daily exposed in the camp of politics, in
the fields of science, arts, letters, commerce, agriculture, and industry. We shall also discuss all
problems which deal with the general interest of the nation, seeking solutions that are purely
national and democratic… We shall pay special attention to the Philippines because those
inlands need the most help having been deprived of representation in the Cortes. We shall thus
fulfill our patriotic duty in the defense of democracy in those islands. The nation of eight million
souls should not and must not be the exclusive patrimony of theocracy and conservatism…
Indifference to our Archipelago will not be so good for Spain’s integrity in the Philippines. The
country is attuned to progress. The heart of the nation longs for legitimate hopes a better life
and we do not believe in any political theory which would discuss such pleas with the classic
“We shall see.” We believe therefore that by offering study the problems mentioned above and
those relating to them, we shall be, in our humble way, of service to the nation and her
institutions.
1. What are the aims of the newspaper, La Solidaridad?
- The aims of La Solidaridad are defined: to gather, to collect liberal ideas which are daily
exposed in the camp of politics, in the fields of science, arts, letters, commerce, agriculture, and
industry.
2. What are the ill effects of “theocracy” and “conservatism.
-
3. What does the article tell you about nineteenth century Philippines?
4. What is a propagandist?
5. Based on the article, what are the propagandists’ view of progress?
Part C Activities
Give the Pen Name of the following propagandists
1. Jose Rizal
2. Graciano Lopez Jaena
3. Marcelo H. del Pilar
4. Jose Maria Panganiban
5. Mariano Ponce
6. Antonio Luna
7. Juan Luna
8. Pedro Pareno
9. Marcelo H. del Pilar
10. Pedro Paterno
