Computerized System: Online Bus

Ticketing App
(DOCUMENTATION)
CC106 – Application Development and Emerging Technologies

Submitted By:
HANZ REBANCOS
JOHN MARK GERERO
JOSHUA BISMONTE
BSCS i-2019

Submitted To:
Professor Ariel Tomagan
 Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1
I. Abstract
II. Introduction
 Features
 Objectives
III. Background of the project
IV. Scope of the project
V. Statement of Purpose
VI. Problem Statement
VII. Significance of the project
VIII. Expected outcome of the project
IX. Conclusion

CHAPTER 2
I. Introduction
II. Features of the Application
III. Sample layout of the Application

Chapter 3: Methodology
I. Introduction
II. Choice of Methodology
III. Research Methodology
A. Fact Finding
B. Observation
C. Interview
D. Public and bus operators’ perception towards Online Bus
Ticketing System
E. Effectiveness of Online Bus Ticketing System
 CHAPTER 1

I. Abstract
Mobile technology has been considered as a viable alternative for
developing applications to be used in all our life activities. This project
addresses the study and development of an Online Bus Ticketing System
web portal to enable users, both the bus operators and the customers to
make an online bus ticket sale/ purchase and act as an operation tool for
bus operators to operate their organization effectively. ONLINE BUS
TICKETING APP SYSTEM is a web-based application that aim to
reducing paperwork in bus industry and hence improving its efficiency and
speeding up of all processes. This proposal proposed to utilize such
technology for booking tickets of Bus stations to make this service available
anywhere and anytime. The main objective of this study will be to develop
and evaluate a prototype mobile-based Bus Ticketing Services. This study
aims to provide an effective utilization of technology for bus transportation
companies. The literature regarding to the mobile technology and its
aspects has discussed to get the knowledge base for such mobile
technology.
This project will result in greater customer appreciation, whereby,
customers are able to search for bus services, deciding which service to
use through bus operators and obtain e-tickets right after purchase by
printing them online. When a ticket is purchased, the customer does not
have to worry about a scheduled trip. It will also give benefits to the bus
operators, whereby it should expose bus services to a large customer
base, real-time online information on sold tickets and tickets availability, it
should also allow administrators to insert, remove and edit available tickets
online anytime and anywhere. Bus operators will also be able to gather
valuable information such as sales reports and various reports for
management decision making.
 II. Introduction:
The main objective of our app is to make it easier to book a ticket at
provincial buses anywhere in the Philippines. It focuses to modernized the
way we book a ticket in bus stations, and it prevent us to go outdoors and
be vulnerable to the virus that our world facing as today. It helps us get
away from the crowdy falling in line just to buy a ticket. In just one click you
can book a ticket of the best time suits your schedule; we can find you the
best offer at the best price your budget fits. This app will be the new
generation of booking a provincial bus ticket, many of us buying our needs
in the process of online marketing. Ordering some foods, clothes, etc., like
the goal of this app is to change the traditional go outdoors for the bus
ticket. This makes our time more valuable and give us the best offer that
we find on choosing a preferred Bus options.
One of the features of this app is it gives an option whether air-
condition bus / non-air-condition bus. You can manage your schedule,
change at the right time, plan at the right mind. We require the costumers
to fill up their personal information and the swab test is strictly required.
You can sign up for free account if you are a new user. You just need to
input all the information needed. You can also manage the history of your
booking, cancelling or rescheduling is also a feature of this app. Whenever
a customer enquiry for the availability, they can check through the Enquiry
form where the details like Destination Place, Starting Place, Date and
Time are asked, by entering these details (all fields are not mandatory)
the availability details should be displayed. Also, there should be a
search option through which the records of the customers and the buses
can be known easily with the same above options. After the ticket is
booked, user should be able to print the ticket, including the details like
age, name, Date and time for which the ticket is booked and as well the
destination and Starting locations and techiest database can be accessed
by the passengers from any computer terminal connected through LAN to
a server where the system has been installed. Hence, all the related
information about a passenger available to Admin and Employees. Thus,
this software saves the entire passenger’s long queue and hassle.
Some basic features:
 Capture of customer information such as name,
address, phone number and e-mail address
• Price list
• Seating chart
• Search engine
• Payment information/credit card authorization
• Organization's advertisement/slogan, phone
number, fax number, and address
• Forum
• Comments and suggestions section / option
• Reports
• ONLINE PAYMENT (Gcash, PayMaya, etc.)
• Easy access through phone application/website
• Featured different bus routes
• Manage your booking schedule
• Automatic suggestion of your destination on your
preference (BUDGET, COMFORTABILITY)
• The system requires the user to submit their
swab test result.
• Notification / Reminder features
• Tickets can be soft copy using your phone
OBJECTIVES:

(i) To investigate and analyze the problems on the existing e-

ticketing systems provided by individual bus operators.

(ii) To identify the relevant features of various components and

methods needed for the Online Bus Ticketing System web
portal. To give power of choice to consumers to choose which
bus operator’s services to use based on standard rating derived
from consumer polling, traffic summonses obtained, and sales
performance. To assist bus operators to their operations and
marketing decision through timely decision making via
Management Information System through the deployment of
Online Bus Ticketing System web portal and the phasing out of
manual ticketing system. Development of the prototype system
for an Online Bus Ticketing web portal. The development of this
prototype portal will then assist in developing a real Online Bus
Ticketing System web portal in future, which can be offered to
the public.

(iii) To help our fellow Filipino to book a ticket in a less hassle way
by conducting an online and mobile based app that will easily
print a soft copy of their ticket. A less physical way, because in
this pandemic we should be staying at home and this project
will give as effective way of booking and less prone to the virus.
 III. Background of The Project

This project addresses the study and development of an Online Bus

Ticketing System web portal to enable users, both the bus operators and
the customers to make an online bus ticket sale/ purchase and act as an
operation tool for bus operators to operate their organization effectively.
Traditionally, bus ticket purchase has been over the counter in bus
terminals, however, today it has evolved with the rapid expansion of e-
commerce. Thus, prior to developing the system, this project critically
assesses and study the reason behind the evolution and the current e-
ticketing systems. This project also addresses the problems faced by
customers and bus operators especially on illegal bus operators, long wait
to purchase a bus ticket, unsafe environment and many more. The
research studies some issues on implementation and also
recommendations on how Online Bus Ticketing System web portal can
take place effectively. This research recommends on a star ranking system
based on monthly sales, bus operator popularity and law traffic offences.
This research includes the development of a prototype Online Bus
Ticketing System web portal to support the research objective. This web
portal will assist in future development that would support a fully integrated
system that links bus operators to customers, bus operators to bus
operators, bus operators to other mode of transport providers, bus operator
to businesses and bus operators to government agencies.
IV. Scope of the Project

This project focuses on two parties, i.e., the bus operators and the
customers. The bus operators are the system administrator of this
system. They are able to add, edit and retrieve information and generate
reports to assist them with their daily operations. This back-end activity
will help the bus operators to evaluate its current position and to plan its
company’s operations on how and what action to be taken in order to
stay ahead in this competitive business world. The back-end activities
mentioned above are the sales/business performance, public opinion
through online voting and finally the bus operator’s commitment of
maintaining good track records according to the policies of governing
bodies. These back-end activities will be the pillar for creating the
competitive edge to a bus operator to spear- head in providing better
service to a customer in this challenging business environment. The
customer will be able to utilize this Online Bus Ticketing System web
portal to perform their transaction of purchasing bus tickets at their own
hassle-free time. The features that are available in this system will
mostly reflect from the survey conducted during the data sampling
stage.
In this business competitive era, Computer Science Students is
placed on a platform by many organizations as their key indicator for
success. Online data handling has been a major tool to provide better
customer service. By adapting ICT as a tool to provide the bus
operator’s management, it will not only improve operations efficiency,
gaining competitive advantages, delivering higher-quality services, but it
will also lead an organization to superior control over the booking
process which will allow the customers to choose their services from
other competitors.
V. Statement of Purpose

The purpose of this project is to help our fellow Filipino to book a bus
schedule easily everywhere at home. Just be safe and prevent from
having a virus. Nowadays, pandemic is our biggest enemy in our daily
lives. And staying at home is a must, so in this project the chance of
going outside just to buy a ticket is decreased.
It focuses to modernized the way we book a ticket in bus stations,
and it prevent us to go outdoors and be vulnerable to the virus that our
world facing as today. It helps us get away from the crowdy falling in line
just to buy a ticket. In just one click you can book a ticket of the best
time suits your schedule; we can find you the best offer at the best price
your budget fits. The bus transport operators should use IT as a tool to
draw up a master plan in order to enhance the level of service provided
to the users. Capitalizing on the rapid growth of e-commerce application
users, there must be a portal that combines all these bus operators into
a consortium providing services to the passengers. The objective of this
Online Bus Ticketing System web portal in Philippines has been
conceptualized to achieve.
 VI. Problem Statement
As a student, I see the growth of the bus operation demand in the
Philippines. My group wants to achieve the goal of having the best online
bus ticketing app.
In most cases driver information, passenger information and bus
information are kept in a file. Therefore, it is quite hard for them to
search the driver information when needed. Moreover, it uses a lot of
papers and data is lost because no backup provided for the data. Some
of the data is quite hard to read because the form was filled up by hand
writing. Other problems that occur in Bus Information is tracking its
maintenance record. Most of the bus will be maintained at list four
times in year. By using a manual form, each bus must have its
own maintenance record file. Problems that occur to this manual
system are to store the maintenance record file and to find it back. It
takes quite a time in order to find the correct maintenance record
needed.
The main problem is a collaborated (incorporating all available bus
operators into a single system) Online Bus Ticketing System web portal is
not available in Philippines. A portal which is reliable in incorporating all
express bus operators and allowing a user the flexibility of choosing a
particular bus operator from a list of operators and allowing the user to
specify the date and time of booking. It will also allow user to pay for the
tickets and offer a secured transaction. Online Bus Ticketing System web
portal is a total Internet Ticketing Operations offering the benefit of total in-
house management of bus schedules, ticket bookings, ticket sales, report
generation, and other business functions associated with ticket sales. It
also offers the power of decision making to customers to make a ticket
booking through bus operators’ popularity, performance and ranking. This
powerful Internet based ticket booking system that allows a full control of
not only on the ticketing inventory, but also the site’s content.
Between the two choices of purchasing a ticket, the option of over-the-
counter purchase is the preferred choice. This is because the current e-
ticketing system operated by individual bus operators, does not provide
enough choices to a passenger such as different destinations and the
availability of tickets are limited. The development of an Online Bus
Ticketing System web portal will also reduce or eliminate the activities of
unauthorized bus operators who are operating without legitimate permits
during the high demand period. This vital information should be conveyed
to the customers because these illegal touts’ busses are school and factory
busses and might not be worthy enough to be used as express busses.
Capitalizing on the rapid growth of ecommerce application users, there
must be a portal that combines all these bus operators into a consortium
providing services to the passengers. The objective of this Online Bus
Ticketing System web portal in Philippines has been conceptualized to
achieve: • Faster bus ticketing booking and a choice of purchasing from
different express bus operators, support services which are more
responsive to user’s needs, greater customer appreciation. Faster bus
ticketing booking will mean better response time from the bus services. A
choice of booking from different express bus operators will allow users to
have a choice of services to use based on standard rating derived from
consumer’s feedback, governing bodies, and individual bus operator’s
performance. Online bus ticketing booking will contribute to the successful
development of the Online Bus Ticketing System by attracting users within
Philippines as well as tourists.
 VII. Significance of the project:

This project identifies the need of developing and promoting a

comprehensive Online Bus Ticketing System of various bus operators in
Metro Manila Philippines.
This study explores views from the bus operators as the service
providers and the customers as the system users upon the adoption of this
system. For the bus operators, the survey conducted identifies the
responds received from the passengers on the current available system in
the market, the cost-effectiveness of developing and maintaining this
system and the usage of reports from the system. On the other hand, the
survey conducted on the system users identifies the awareness of the
current system and the willingness to transform from practicing the
conventional method of over-the-counter purchase of bus tickets to the
modern method of purchasing through a web portal. The survey also
introduces and identifies acceptance of the creation of bus operators’
classification or standard via popularity, performance and maintaining
satisfactory road traffic law track record, features available in the system
and the level of security to perform a financial transaction.
VIII. Expected outcome of the project

Expected Research Outcome The expected research outcomes at the

end of this research are listed as follows:
• The introduction to Philippines public a web portal combining all bus
operators which has been rated according to star ranking according to
specific criteria that will allow customer to choose based on their
preferences.
• Awareness on the existing current individually operated bus e-ticketing
system in Philippines.
• Effectiveness of the available methods and features in the current
individually operated bus e-ticketing system in Philippines.
• A study on current bus e-ticketing systems in other countries.
• The outcome from the survey on the features needed in the
development of an Online Bus Ticketing System web portal.
• The proposed framework for implementation of the Online Bus
Ticketing System web portal.
• Issues rise during the implementation of Online Bus Ticketing System
web portal.
• A web portal to support this research that will be used by both the
Customers and Bus Operators.
IX. Conclusion

This chapter covers the overall scope on the need and the
implementation of an Online Bus Ticketing System web portal in
Philippines. The development of this system will benefit both the system
administrator and the system user by adopting Management Information
System as a tool to maximize their right to make decision based on merit
and meeting its organization financial objective respectively. By
developing an Online Bus Ticketing System web portal between inter-
cities in Metro Manila, Philippines it will not only provide better service to
the user, but also improve the overall standing of the bus operators in
this competitive market. Furthermore, the adoption on ICT will also allow
the bus operators to open its business horizon globally and make the
entire world as its market place. Therefore, the Online Bus Ticketing
System web portal can bring more advantages if the right solutions are
used, systematically deployed and carefully implemented.
 CHAPTER 2
I. Introduction

In this project, we will use ANDROID STUDIO as our main tool /

IDE in creating this application. And SQLITE will serve as our
temporary database.

II. Features of the Application

A. User Friendly
Let user’s convenience be your goal, everything else will take
care of itself. It focuses on how it can make the application easy to
use for your users. It makes sure that they always get what they
came for. It also takes care that they are able to find their interests
easily.

An easy to search app that has the following features that makes it
easy for the users to reach their goals.

 Intuitive navigation
 Proper categorization
 Search box for keyword search

B. Online payment processing

Not only are users comfortable with making payments online,

but this is their preferred method of payment. It’s easy and
convenient for them to book their tickets directly through the
application. A reservation system that provides you with a secure
online payment portal that integrates seamlessly into the system.
C. Automatic communications
Automatic emails have become the norm throughout the online booking
industry, to the point that your users expect to receive a confirmation email
once they have booked a room. Reminder emails, tips for booking in the
area and feedback requests are just a few ways you can use automatic
emails to improve communications with your guests. Through the booking
system, it can be able to format and schedule these messages.

D. Complete verified details

When the users find what they want, they expect you to provide
full details about a listing. All the details that are verified and true. It is
important to provide precise and detailed information about each and
every book on your website.

E. Relevant images of the bookable product

Visuals leave more impact than words. When booking a bus,

people would surely love to have a look at a few pictures of how
the inside/outside of the bus actually looks. Using original images
of the busses certainly helps.

F. Cancellation service and clear refund terms

Most of the best booking websites allows the users to cancel their
booking. Cancellation feature works favorably for most of the booking
websites. Users appreciate it when they are allowed to book with the
assurance that they can cancel it. However, you can always specify
the cancellation time period.

G. Telephonic support

When it comes to booking busses, some users may like to cross

check the references. In this situation, it is advisable to mention the
correct contact details of the listings, so that the users can check for
themselves.
 This makes it possible for the users to contact the listing owner and
then once assured, they can continue to book through your website.

III. Sample layout of the Application

APP NAME

FROM:

TO:

DEPARTURE DATE:

PASSENGERS:
 SEARCH

APP NAME

FEATURED
PLACES
WITH PICS
 APP NAME

HOW TO BOOK

FREQUENTLY
ASKED QUESTION
(FAQs)

INFO, EMAIL, CONTACT US

 HOME
HOW TO BOOK
FAQs
BECOME A PARTNER
SIGN IN
CONTACT US
 STEP 1
FROM-TO

PICK A DEPARTING
TIME

BOOKING SUMMARY

FARE, FEES & TOTAL

CONTINUE
 STEP 2

PASSENGER
INFORMATION

CONTINUE
 STEP 3

PAYMENT

CONFIRM
ACCOUNT LOGIN/
SIGN UP (POP UP)
SIGN UP FORM

SIGN UP
Chapter 3: Methodology
I. Introduction
Even it is possible for my group to perform better research because
of this pandemic. We make a plan to conduct some interviews to the target
user of our system, the bus operators and some civilian that is planning to
schedule a bus trip. It is important to fulfill the planning for the
implementation phase. This can only be done if proper methodology is
selected. Methodology is important to make sure all project life cycle
activities are being carried out without any shortcuts. Methodology helps
the system developers to take one step at a time towards accomplishing
the full system. This chapter focuses on the public awareness and
perception of an Online Bus Ticketing System in Philippines. One fact-
finding method that is used to gather information is the questionnaire
method. Based on the results obtained from the survey further clarification
and conclusion were made

II. Choice of Methodology

The methodology that might be useful is the project life cycle and
prototype. The project life cycle methodology and prototyping are a
methodology that allows users to review all phases until the users are
satisfied with the Online Bus Ticketing System web portal.
 The Selection phase is where an Online Bus Ticketing System
application should be selected based upon passengers and bus operator
priorities. After conducting a complete research on the application that is
selected, the next is on identifying the problems.
Planning is an important phase where an Online Bus Ticketing
System plan is drafted out and changes are made so that a plan can be
followed without any more changes during the final phase. The plan is done
so that there is progression or action taken on the applications selected.
Interviews have been conducted to get a whole picture of customers’
responses mainly bus ticket buyers toward an emerging Online Bus
Ticketing System web portal. The existing ticketing system within
Philippines and other countries also have been analyzed. The plan is then
followed strictly so that the system can be put into operation.
The next phase after the planning phase is on Analyzing the current
and new procedures of the system. Analysis is important to gather
information from the existing e-ticketing system. Feasibility study is
conducted to find out whether it is beneficial to carry out the new system.
Studying the existing e-ticketing system and the procedures involved is
what the feasibility study is concerned with.
The requirement is then derived from this phase. After the analysis
phase, the next step is to Design the system based on the requirements
selected in the analysis phase. Design can be constructed easily by having
a prototype system. Prototype system is either a workable or non-workable
system that has the screen design with the important features included. So,
the customers and bus operators will test the prototype system to see
whether they are satisfied with the requirements.
Based on the feedback obtained from the user the necessary
changes are made. The next step is the Implementation phase where the
process of changeover takes place where the existing e-ticketing system is
converted into an Online Bus Ticketing System web portal. Before the
changeover takes place, there are few activities that need serious
consideration, otherwise the implementation will fail. Activities such as
testing, training and evaluation are looked into before the new system can
be replaced. Another activity that is carried out is the post implementation
activities as to review the system to see whether the system produces the
expected results and meets the required quality. The last phase is the
Maintenance phase for modification and enhancement purposes. It is
important that continuous assessment is carried out for better services in
the future. These are all the phases of project life cycle that can be taken
into consideration before a project is successfully implemented.

IV. Research Methodology

The main purpose of research methodology is to extract the benefits and
problems of Online Bus Ticketing Systems in Philippines. The following will
further explore on research methodology that is used to complete the
research. Various methods can be adopted to gather information from a
variety of sources such as sampling, research and site visits, observation of
the work environment, interviews, prototyping. Not all the fact-finding
methods are suitable to adopt. The methods are selected based on the
research purpose. The procedure that had been followed to accomplish the
project’s objective by first identifying the purpose of the dissertation and
further moving into depth where the purpose, obstacles, benefits,
suggestion and recommendation on Online Bus Ticketing System
implementation in Philippines will be discovered.
A. Fact Finding
 The fact-finding methods that have been selected for this research
project consists of, observation, interview and questionnaires. Once
information is gathered a prototype is developed as to support the findings.
Development of the prototype web portal of Online Bus Ticketing System is
developed to support the objectives of the research. The following will be
the research methodologies discussed in detail.
B. Observation

Observation is the first method used to gather information regarding

the development of an Online Bus Ticketing System web portal. For this
project, Philtranco - Pasay Terminal was visited to observe the buying
habits of passengers and also observe the selling of tickets by the bus
operators. From the observation, it is found that the human traffic is
extremely high and there are too much of chaos.

C. Interview
Interview is the second method used to gather some information
regarding an Online Bus Ticketing System web portal. Interviews were
conducted with the bus operator’s personnel and with the public to find
facts, verify facts, clarify facts, generate enthusiasm, and identify ideas and
opinions. A set of interview questions was prepared to ask the interviewee
to respond to a series of questions.
The interview is divided into open and closed-ended questions so that
sufficient information can be gathered.

D. Public and bus operators’ perception towards Online Bus Ticketing System
The sampling technique that was used to distribute is the
convenience and purposive samples. The convenience samples are
opened to the public who are willing to participate and the purposive
samples are to those individuals who appear knowledgeable and interested
in the subject area.
The 3 respondents who have used the existing bus e-ticketing system
to purchase a bus ticket were then asked to evaluate the system.
This question was asked to gather information from the respondent
point of view about the existing bus e-ticketing systems. The question was
measured in terms of criteria such as services; reliable information,
whether the existing bus e-ticketing system services are userfriendly, cost-
effective, convenient payment method and whether the web sites were
informative.
E. Effectiveness of Online Bus Ticketing System