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Linear Algebra Quiz Solutions

1) The document contains solutions to problems involving eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices. It finds the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of specific matrices, and determines whether matrices are similar based on their eigenvalues, traces, and determinants. 2) It also examines the eigenvalues and properties of powers of matrices, and solves a discrete dynamical system using diagonalization and eigenvalues/eigenvectors. 3) The problems involve finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors, diagonalizing matrices, computing traces and determinants, and solving systems using matrix diagonalization and eigenvalues.

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Equaril14
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231 views2 pages

Linear Algebra Quiz Solutions

1) The document contains solutions to problems involving eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices. It finds the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of specific matrices, and determines whether matrices are similar based on their eigenvalues, traces, and determinants. 2) It also examines the eigenvalues and properties of powers of matrices, and solves a discrete dynamical system using diagonalization and eigenvalues/eigenvectors. 3) The problems involve finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors, diagonalizing matrices, computing traces and determinants, and solving systems using matrix diagonalization and eigenvalues.

Uploaded by

Equaril14
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Prof.

Alexandru Suciu
MTH U371 LINEAR ALGEBRA Spring 2006
SOLUTIONS TO QUIZ 7
 
4 0 0
1. Let A = 0 2 2 .
0 9 −5
(a) Find the eigenvalues of A.
 
2−λ 2
det(A − λI3 ) = (4 − λ) det
9 −5 − λ
 
= (4 − λ) (2 − λ)(−5 − λ) − 18
= (4 − λ)(λ2 + 3λ − 28) = −(λ − 4)2 (λ + 7)
Thus, the eigenvalues are λ1 = 4 (with multiplicity 2), and λ2 = −7.
(b) Find a basis for each eigenspace of A.
     
0 0 0 1 0
Eλ1 = ker(A − λ1 I3 ) = ker 0 −2 2  has basis the vectors 0 and 1
0 9 −9 0 1
   
11 0 0 0
Eλ2 = ker(A − λ2 I3 ) = ker 0 9
 2 has basis the vector −2
 
0 9 2 9

(c) Find a diagonal matrix D and an invertible matrix S such that A = S · D · S −1 .


   
1 0 0 4 0 0
S= 0  1 −2 ,
 D= 0 4
 0 .
0 1 9 0 0 −7
2. A 4 × 4 matrix A has eigenvalues λ1 = −4, λ2 = −1, λ3 = 2, λ4 = 3.
(a) What is the characteristic polynomial of A?
det(A − λI4 ) = (λ + 4)(λ + 1)(λ − 2)(λ − 3)
(b) Compute tr (A).
tr(A) = λ1 + λ2 + λ3 + λ4 = 0
(c) Compute det (A).
det(A) = λ1 λ2 λ3 λ4 = 24
(d) What are the eigenvalues of A2 ?
λ21 = 16, λ22 = 1, λ23 = 4, λ24 = 9
(e) Compute tr (A2 ).
tr(A2 ) = λ21 + λ22 + λ23 + λ24 = 30
(f) Compute det (A2 ).
det(A) = det(A)2 = λ21 λ22 λ23 λ24 = 576
MTH U371 Solutions to Quiz 7 Spring 2006
 
−3 0
3. Let D = .
0 7
Note that D is a diagonal matrix, with distinct eigenvalues: λ1 = −3 and λ2 = 7.
Also, tr(D) = 4 and det(D) = −21.
 
1 5
(a) Let A = . Is A similar to D?
5 3
We have: tr(A) = 4 and det(A) = −22.
Thus A cannot be similar to D (the determinants are not equal).
 
2 5
(b) Let B = . Is B similar to D?
5 2
We have: tr(B) = 4 and det(B) = −21.
Thus B is similar to D (the two matrices have the same trace and determinant, and
thus the same eigenvalues; moreover, B is diagonalizable, since the eigenvalues are
distinct; thus, its diagonalization must be D).
 
−4 −3
(c) Let C = . Is C similar to D?
5 9
We have: tr(C) = 5 and det(C) = −21.
Thus C cannot be similar to D (the traces are not equal).

4. A 2×2  matrix
 A matrix
  has eigenvalues λ1 = 2 and λ2 = 5, with corresponding eigenvectors
1 1
~v1 = and ~v2 = .
0 1
(a) Find A.
       
−1 1 1 2 0 1 −1 2 3
A=S·D·S = · · =
0 1 0 5 0 1 0 5
 
4
(b) Consider the discrete dynamical system ~x(t+1) = A~x(t), with initial value ~x(0) = .
3
Find a closed form for ~x(t).
~x(t) = At · ~x(0) = S · Dt · S −1 · ~x(0)
   t     
1 1 2 0 1 −1 4
= · · ·
0 1 0 5t 0 1 3
 t t    t 
2 5 1 2 + 3 · 5t
= t · =
0 5 3 3 · 5t
or:
   
1 1
~x(0) = c1~v1 + c2~v2 = 1 · +3·
0 1
   
t t t 1 t 1
~x(t) = c1 λ1~v1 + c2 λ2~v2 = 2 · +3·5 ·
0 1

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