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Westport, Wiltshire April 5, 1588-December 4, 1679: - Absolute Monarchy - Magna Carta, English Bor, Petition of Right

The document summarizes key Enlightenment thinkers and their contributions to political philosophy and the development of liberalism. It also discusses how some of their ideas influenced the founding of the United States government. Thomas Hobbes introduced social contract theory based on the relationship between sovereign and civil society. He also developed concepts of individual rights and natural equality. John Locke laid the groundwork for liberalism and the idea of natural rights. Baron de Montesquieu's idea of separating government powers into legislative, executive and judicial branches influenced the U.S. system of checks and balances. Jean-Jacques Rousseau's social contract theory influenced the French Revolution and the idea that government's power comes from the consent of the governed

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Gerardo Leon
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988 views2 pages

Westport, Wiltshire April 5, 1588-December 4, 1679: - Absolute Monarchy - Magna Carta, English Bor, Petition of Right

The document summarizes key Enlightenment thinkers and their contributions to political philosophy and the development of liberalism. It also discusses how some of their ideas influenced the founding of the United States government. Thomas Hobbes introduced social contract theory based on the relationship between sovereign and civil society. He also developed concepts of individual rights and natural equality. John Locke laid the groundwork for liberalism and the idea of natural rights. Baron de Montesquieu's idea of separating government powers into legislative, executive and judicial branches influenced the U.S. system of checks and balances. Jean-Jacques Rousseau's social contract theory influenced the French Revolution and the idea that government's power comes from the consent of the governed

Uploaded by

Gerardo Leon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Enlightenment Thinkers and Their Contributions: Details the ideas of various Enlightenment thinkers, their contributions to societal governance, and their influence on US governance.

Enlightenment Thinkers: What each contributed to the What each contributed

(include place of origin& Enlightenment (their ideas): to the US Government


life dates) (how we in the US have
used their ideas):
Thomas Hobbes He introduced a social contract theory The U.S today has used
Westport, Wiltshire based on the relation between the the idea, equality of all
April 5, 1588- December absolute sovereign and the civil society. men, which was an idea
4, 1679 Hobbes developed some of the of Thomas Hobbes’.
fundamentals of European liberal Social contract which was
thought: the right of the individual; the an agreement between
-Absolute Monarchy- natural equality of all men; the artificial the people and the
Magna Carta, English BoR, character of the political order.
government.
Petition of Right
-Constitutional Monarchy
John Locke He laid much of the groundwork for The U.S today is no longer
Wrington, United the Enlightenment and made under control of a
Kingdom central contributions to the development King/Queen because the
August 29, 1632- of liberalism. people where not happy
October 28, 1704 There were no legitimate government with the government
under the rights of king’s theory. Another under the rule of a King/
idea was that all people had natural Queen. Bill of Rights
rights.
Baron de Montesquieu The Spirit of Laws, was a major In the U.S today we use
La Brede, France contribution to political theory. the different branches in
January 18, 1689- He believed are government.
February 10, 1755 that government corruption was probable
if a system of government didn't include
balance of powers. He conceived the
idea of separating government authority
into the three major branches: executive,
legislative and judicial.
Jean Jacques Rousseau His formulation of social contract theory, Participation in elections.
Geneva, Switzerland strongly influenced the French The government’s power
June 28, 1712- July 2, Revolution and the development of comes from the consents
1778 Liberal, Conservative and Socialist of the governt.
theory.
Voltaire Voltaire wrote on subjects as distinct as Freedom of speech and
Paris, France metaphysics and politics, and he religion.
November 21, 1694- May circulated nearly as many books of
30, 1778 history as he did books of political
theory.
Mary Wollstonecraft A passionate advocate of educational In the U.S today the ideas
Spitalfields, London and social equality for women. She of equality for all women
27 April 1759- September called for the betterment of women's is being used throughout
10, 1797 status through such political change as the U.S. Better education
the radical reform of national educational for women.
systems.
Cesare Becarria Beccaria put forth some of the first The Idea that the death
Milan, Italy modern arguments against the death penalty was to harsh
March 15, 1738- penalty. His treatise was also the first full allowed for he U.S to find
November 28, 1794 work of penology, advocating reform of a different less harmful
the criminal law system. way to kill the people.

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