Name: Paulene Beatriz D.
Tabirara Date: 09-24-21
Grade: 12 Section: Mendel
The Cell Theory
Learning Competency: Explain the Postulates of the Cell Theory
Check for Understanding
A. LET’S ANSWER (GUIDE QUESTIONS)
1. List the three parts of the cell theory.
- All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
- Cells are the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms.
- All cells come from preexisting cells.
2. Who was the spectacle marker from Netherlands – lived in the early 1600’s?
- Zacharias Janssen.
3. What was this scientist famous for?
- He first invented the compound microscope, which became popular.
4. Who was the Dutch scientist who made his own microscope?
- Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
5. What famous discovery did this scientist make with his homemade microscope? How did
he make this discovery?
- He used single-lens microscopes, which he made, to make the first observations of
bacteria and protozoa.
6. What did he call his discovery?
- He called them “animalcules”.
7. Who was the English scientist who is credited for coming up with the term “cell”?
- Robert Hooke.
8. What was this scientist looking at when he came up with the name “cell”?
- Robert Hooke first identified the cells through a piece of cork that he viewed under his
own microscope.
9. Why did he call them cells?
- He used the term "cell" because the little chambers resembled the cells in a monastery,
where monks live.
10. What did Robert Hooke do to make Sir Isaac Newton mad?
- Robert Hooke accused Isaac Newton of plagiarism, he demanded credit as the author of
the idea and Newton denied it.
11. Why does no one know that Robert Hooke looked like?
- Due to his tense relationship with Sir Isaac Newton that lasted even after he died, Isaac
Newton, who some say is responsible for the loss of Hooke's only legitimate painting.
12. Who was the German botanist (one who studies plants) from the 1800’s?
- Matthias Schleiden.
13. What discovery was this German botanist famous for?
- He discovered that all plants are made up of cells.
14. Who was also a German scientist from the 1800’s that studied animals?
- Theodor Schwann.
15. What was this German scientist famous for?
- He discovered that all animals are made up of cells.
16. What part of the cell theory did Schleiden and Schwann disagree on?
- The third part of the cell theory, “All cells come from preexisting cells”.
17. What did Schleiden believe?
- He believed that all cells come from free cells formation.
18. What did Schwann believe?
- He believed that all cells came from preexisting cells.
19. Who was right between Schleiden and Schwann?
- With the help of Rudolf Virchow, they proved that Schwann’s idea is right.
20. Who was the scientist that proved all cells come from other cells?
- Rudolf Virchow, who published convincing evidence that cells come from other cells
because of cell division.
GAINING MASTERY
Exercises 1
Early evidence for the cell theory was provided by German scientists. In 1838, the botanist
Matthias Schleiden concluded that all plants are composed of cells. A year later, the zoologist
Theodor Schwann came to the same conclusion about animals. In 1855, Rudolf Virchow, a
physician who had been studying how disease affects living things, reasoned that cells come
only from other cells. Over the years, modern scientists have gathered much additional
evidence that strongly supports the cell theory.
Date Scientist Discovery
1665 Robert Hooke Observed the remains of dead plant cells.
1674 Anton van Leeuwenhoek Discovered bacteria and protozoa.
1838 Matthias Schleiden All plants are composed of cells.
1839 Theodor Schwann Stated that all animals are made of cells.
1855 Rudolf Virchow Cells come only from other cells.
Exercises 2
Based on their careful observations of cells, Theodor Schwann, Matthias Jacob Schleiden, and
Rudolf Virchow, three German scientists, created the Cell Theory. The Cell Theory includes
three statements:
A. The first is that all organisms are made of one or more cells. Open your Backpack, select at
least three models that support this statement, and add them to the scene. Take a photo.
B. The second is that cells are the basic building blocks of life. Open your Backpack, select at
least three models that support this statement, and add them to the scene. Take a photo.
C. The third is that all cells come from existing cells. Open your Backpack, select at least three
models that support this statement, and add them to the scene. Take a photo.
Exercises 3: Answer the following questions.
1. How did the following scientists help provide evidence and information for the development of
the cell theory?
- Robert Hooke began the scientific study of cells in the 16th century using a piece of cork under
his own microscope. In which he came up with the term “cell” because the little chambers
resembled the cells in a monastery, where monks live. Not long after Hooke’s discography,
Anton Van Leuwenhoek discovered bacteria and protozoa, which he called “animalcules”, under
his own microscope that can magnify an object by around two hundred to three hundred times
its original size. He also made first observations of Human red blood cells and sperm cells. In
1800’s, German scientists Theodore Schwann and Mathias Schleiden studied cells of animals
and plants respectively and helped tie together on what we call now cell theory. These scientists
identified important differences between the two types of cells and proposed that cells were the
basic units of both plants and animals. As for the last part of the theory, Schleiden believed that
all cells come from free cells formation. While Schwann believed that all cells come from
preexisting cells. Eventually, another piece of the cell theory puzzle was identified by Rudolf
Virchow in 1855, who stated that all cells are generated by existing cells.
B. LET’S PRACTICE
A friend tells you he read somewhere that rotting garbage can turn into maggots, which are fly
larvae, and the maggots then can grow into adult flies. What part of the cell theory could you
use to refute his claim?
The third part of the cell theory, all cells come from preexisting cells. Maggots cannot form out of
rotting garbage (organic waste) on their own. The development of maggots is dependent on fly
(whether it lay eggs or not). When the maggot feed on such food then there is conversion of the
maggot into flies. Moreover, the garbage is rotten this means it is decomposed by the bacteria.
Bacteria is a lower form of life whereas maggots and flies are higher forms of life.
