Dili, Gasan, Marinduque

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 1

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:

Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)

Activity Title: Understanding the Nature of Religion
Learning Target/s: I can analyze the concept of belief system, worldview, religion and
spirituality
st
21 Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills

Learning Concept:

UNDERSTANDING BELIEFS AND WORLDVIEWS

Every individual sees and interprets the world quite differently from one another. This overall
perspective is also termed “worldview” which is a collection of beliefs about life and the universe
being held by people (The Free Dictionary 2014).

Table 1.1 enumerates the different kinds of belief system or worldviews

Kinds Description
MONISM there is no real distinction between god and the universe
MONOTHEISM the doctrine of belief in one supreme god
ATHEISM Disbelief or denial of the existence of a personal god
AGNOSTICISM God cannot be known
POLYTHEISM the belief and worship of many gods

DEFINITION AND NATURE OF RELIGION

Religion may be defined as “an organized system of beliefs, ceremonies, and rules used to
worship a god or groups of gods” (Merriam-Webster Dictionary 2014). The Latin world religio
refers to “something done with overanxious or scrupulous attention to detail” (Bowker 1997) which
may have been derived from the Latin verb religare which means “to tie together, to bind fast”.

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page

Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
Table 1.2 below summarizes the various definitions forwarded by several social scientists on the
nature of religion.
Name of Social Scientists Background View on Religion
EDWARD BURNETT English anthropologist; The belief in spiritual beings
TAYLOR (1832-1917) founding figure of the science
of social anthropology
JAMES GEORGE FRAZER Scottish social anthropologist; A propitiation or conciliation of
(1854-1941) one of the founding figures of powers superior to man which
modern anthropology are believed to control and
direct the course of nature
and human life
BRONISLAW KASPER An eminent 20th century A body of self-contained acts
MALINOWSKI (1884-1942) Polish anthropologist being themselves the
fulfillment of their purpose, an
affair or all, in which everyone
takes an active and equivalent
part
DAVID EMILE DURKHEIM French sociologist; father of A unifies system of beliefs
(1858-1917) sociology and practices relative to
sacred things

COMMON CHARACTERISTICS AMONG RELIGION

BELIEF IN A BELIEF IN A DEITY'S

WAYS TO WORSHIP A DEITY RELATIONSHIP WITH THE
DEITY WORLD

PLACES AND PEOPLE

RULES FOLLOWED AS A BELIEVED TO BE HOLY
RESULT OF BELIEFS AND SACRED

RELIGION
This diagram illustrates the different characteristics that are common to most religion.

BELIEF IN A BELIEF IN A DEITY'S

WAYS TO WORSHIP A DEITY RELATIONSHIP WITH THE
EXPLORING
DEITY SPIRITUALITY WORLD

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College)

PLACES AND PEOPLE Page
RULES FOLLOWED AS A
Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher) BELIEVED T BE HOLY AND
RESULT OF BELIEFS SACRED

RELIGION
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
For thousands of years, people have been searching and yearning to understand the mystery of
life and the universe. There may come a point in time when an individual realizes that life is not
entirely accidental and meaningless (Parrinder 1971). This is where the concept of spirituality
comes in with the term “spiritual” being defined as “relating or affecting the human spirit or soul as
opposed to material of physical things” (Oxford Dictionaries 2014). One author points out that it is
quite common for people to say that they are “spiritual, not religious” (Grassie 2010). Spirituality
may be manifested in quite a number of ways. For example, a person may believe in the presence
of an overwhelming power greater than oneself or perhaps a person can be fully mindful of one’s
purpose in life. That person can also have a feeling of oneness or a bond with the other living
beings. Spirituality is derived from the Latin word spiritus, its verb root is spirare which means “to
breathe” literally. “Spirituality is something an individual can have without being implicated in the
ambivalent complexity of human societies and institutions” (Grassie 2010.)

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 2

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page

Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)
Activity Title: Understanding the Nature of Religion
Learning Target/s: I can analyze the concept of belief system, worldview, religion and
spirituality
21st Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills

Learning Task

A. Direction: Read and analyze the following sentences. Write the letter B on the blank before
each number if it is the concept of belief system, W for worldview, R for religion and S for
spirituality.
________ 1. It is one’s integrative view of life
________ 2. The belief on many gods
________ 3. Rules followed as a result of beliefs
________ 4. Beliefs and practices relative to sacred things
________ 5. Denial in the existence of a personal god
________ 6. Means “to breathe”
________ 7. Relating the human spirit or soul as opposed to an instrumentalist or materialistic
attitude of life
________ 8. A particular way of ordering the realities of one’s world
________ 9. There is a belief in spiritual beings
________ 10. Means to tie together

B. Direction: In your own words, explain the following concepts with a maximum of three
sentences. (2 points each)
1. Religion
2. Spirituality
3. Belief System or Worldview

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 3

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:

Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page

Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
Activity Title: Understanding the Nature of Religion
Learning Target/s: I can differentiate the concept, elements and characteristics of belief
system, worldview, religion and spirituality (HUMSS_WRB12-I/IIIa.-1.2)
st
21 Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills
Learning Concepts:

In the study of religion, there are basic concepts that need to be understood such as theology,
philosophy of religion, and spirituality.
 Religion refers to any set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices concerning a supernatural
power.
 Theology- involves the systematic study of the existence and nature of the divine. It deals
with the study of the nature and purpose of god that may be undertaken using a particular
perspective.
 Philosophy of religion- deals with the issues concerning religion, which includes analysis
on the existence of a divine being or on sacred texts. It involves studying the concepts and
belief systems of the religions as well as the prior phenomena of religious experience and
out of which they have arisen (Hick 1990)

Elements of Religion
a. Reflects an effort to elevate their whole self to higher dimension of life
b. Framework of transcendent beliefs
c. Text por scriptures
d. Rituals
e. Sacred spaces (e.g.; church, temple, mosque, synagogue)

Elements of Spirituality:
a. Holistic (fully integrated view of life)
b. Quest for meaning (including the purpose of life)
c. Quest for the sacred (beliefs about God)
d. Suggests a self-reflective existence

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Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 4

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:

Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)

Activity Title: Understanding the Nature of Religion

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page

Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
Learning Target/s: I can differentiate the concept, elements and characteristics of belief
system, worldview, religion and spirituality (HUMSS_WRB12-I/IIIa.-1.2)
21st Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills

Learning Task:

Direction: Differentiate the concept, elements and characteristics of belief system, worldview,
religion and spirituality. Use the diagram below. (5 points each)

1. BELIEF SYSTEM OR WORLDVIEW

2. RELIGION

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Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque

3. SPIRITUALITY

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 5

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:

Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)

Activity Title: Understanding the Nature of Religion
Learning Target/s: I can differentiate the concept, elements and characteristics of belief
system, worldview, religion and spirituality (HUMSS_WRB12-I/IIIa.-1.2)
st
21 Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page

Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills
Learning Task:

Essay

Direction: Answer the following questions briefly.

1. How does your belief system affects the different aspect of your life; (1) Physical, (2)
Mental, (3) Emotional, (4) Social, and (5) Spirituality (10 pts)
2. What different values have your religion instilled in you and how did it strengthen your
spiritual life? (5pts)

3. How did a strong spiritual life help you or your family to get through/overcome this
COVID19 crisis? (5pts)

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 6

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:

Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)

Activity Title: The Origin of World Religion
Learning Target/s: I can identify the regions or places where specific religions evolved
21st Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page

Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills

Learning Concepts:

Dates on the Origin of World Religion

This table indicates the approximate date each of the twelve major world religions began, along
with the traditional dates for the birth and death of its founder (if applicable).

This list of twelve world religions is, of course, an oversimplification. Also, keep in mind that there
are religions (such as the belief systems of Native American and Australian Aborigine peoples) that
go back much further than Hinduism, and there have been several large religions that have started
since Baha'i.

The ‘Common Era’ refers to 1 A.D CE= Common Era, BCE= Before Common Era

Date Near East India China/Japan

1000+ BCE

Judaism Hinduism
Moses 1500-1350 BCE 2000 BCE

600 BCE Zoroastrianism Jainism

Zoroaster 628-527 BCE Mahavira 599-527 BCE

Taoism
Buddhism Lao Tse 580-500 BCE
Buddha 563-483 BCE
Confucianism
Confucius 551-479
BCE

100 CE

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Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
Christianity
Jesus 1-33 CE Shintoism
Shinto 100 CE

600 CE

Islam
Muhammad 570-632 CE

1500 CE Sikhism
Guru Nanak 1469-1538
CE
1900 CE
Baha'i
Baha'u'llah 1817-1892
CE

(JB.Hare-1997-2001)
The current big ones were created in the Middle East. Judaism was created in current day Israel,
and gave raise to Christianity, first in Israel, and later evolved better in Europe and Africa.

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 7

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:

Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)

Activity Title: The Origin of World Religion
Learning Target/s: I can identify the regions or places where specific religions evolved
21st Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page

Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills

Learning Task:

Direction: Identify the places or regions where the following religions evolved or originated by
shading the map using the indicated colors.

Christianity (red) Jainism (brown) Zoroastrianism (light green)

Judaism (dark green) Taoism (pink) Hinduism (dark blue)
Buddhism (yellow) Confucianism (violet) Baha’I (red violet)
Islam (light blue) Shintoism (black) Sikhism (blue green)

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page

Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 8

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:

Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)

Activity Title: The Origin of World Religion
Learning Target/s: I can analyze the interconnectedness of geography, culture and religions
21st Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills

Learning Concepts:

The Patriarch Abraham

The prophet and patriarch Abraham played a major role in the establishment of the three
monotheistic religions: namely, Judaism, Christianity and Islam which account for more than half of
the world’s total population at present. As such as, these organized religions are collectively known
as Abraham religions. The Jewish people regards Abraham as the ancestor of the Israelites
through his descendants Isaac and Jacob. The Muslims consider Abraham son of Ishmael as the
ancestor of Arabs. The Christians view Abraham a ‘father of faith’ as narrated in the Bible and
ancestor of Jesus Christ. Notable religious personalities trace their origins in Abraham’s sons from
different wives through their descendant.

The Indian Mosaic

With its history dating back to at least 6500 B.C.E., India is one of the world’s oldest surviving
civilizations. The many conquerors that came to India were gradually absorbed into the native
Indian religions. With great movements of various people in the past came their customs, arts,
language, literature, beliefs, and many more facets of their culture. The Harrapan civilization, the
Aryan influence, then local dynasties, and the Muslim conquest all had their fair share in building
the intricate Indian mosaic.

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Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
The Way of Dao
Chinese civilization is one of the world’s oldest, dating back almost 4000 years ago. Even during
the olden days, the Chinese had already endeavored to established and attain good governance
(Perry 1988). China adopted Kung Fu-Tzu’s (Confucius) ideals and ethics as the nation developed
meritocracy as a basis for government officials. Confucius is regarded as China’s greatest
philosopher and teacher who lived at the same time as Siddhartha Gautama in India (Perry 1988).

THE WESTERN FRONTIER

West Asia is home of three great religions, namely, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Comprising
the area bordered on the west by the fertile coasts of the Mediterranean Sea and on the east by
the arid deserts of Arabia, the history of these religions is closely linked with this region.

THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT

The subcontinent of South Asia covers an area of more than a half million square miles stretching
from the Hindu Kush and Baluchi Hills on the west and the Great Himalayan mountain range on
the north, to the Burmese mountain on the east and Indian Ocean on the south (Wolpert 1993).
More than 4000 years ago, a civilization emerged along the Indus River that developed a unique
and exceptional culture long before the dawn of the Christian era (Wolpert 1993).

THE EASTERN END

At the eastern end of great Asian continent, one finds the cultural and political dominance of China.
Stretching more than 5000 kilometers across the Asian landmass, it is bordered by various bodies
of water in the east and land borders in all other directions. China’s population is concentrated
primarily in the eastern and southern parts where agricultural activities flourish. Deserts (such as
the Gobi and Taklamakan) and plateaus dominate the northern and western territory of China that
served as natural barriers from foreign invaders coming from that front.

THE CULTURAL MILIEU

World religions can be regarded along the lines of their exclusivity or no- exclusivity. Exclusive
religions are oftentimes monotheistic with Judaism, Christianity, and Islam as examples
Meanwhile, non-exclusive religions are often polytheistic in nature. Examples of non-exclusive
religions are Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism.

On Monotheism and Universality

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Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
Monotheism or the belief in one God is an ancient idea that predated the establishment of
Abrahamic religions. From the three Abrahamic religions, however, Christianity has somewhat
differed based on its concept of the trinitarian creed in contrast to the unitarian creed. While
Judaism and Islam affirm the presence of one god. Christianity acknowledges on God in three
persons: the Father. the Son. and the Holy Spirit. God having three persons could also mean three
persons and one substance as forwarded by the Church Father Tertullian (e. 155 – 240 C. E.). The
basic principles of the Muslim faith are reflected in the “Five Pillars of Islam.” The first pillar as the
proffes3ion of the Muslim faith succinctly states that “there is no God but Allah.” Simply put, there
are no gods, but only Allah. Allah is eternal, creator, omnipotent, infinitely good, merciful, but harsh
on these who oppose his will (Jomier 1999). Muslims are urged to worship Allah alone and avoid
veneration of transitory things of the world (Frager 2002)

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 9

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:
Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page
Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque

Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)

Activity Title: The Origin of World Religion
Learning Target/s: I can analyze the interconnectedness of geography, culture and religions
21st Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills

Learning Task

Direction: Explain briefly the interconnectedness of geography, culture and religions. Put your
answers on the chart below. (10points)

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 10

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:

Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page
Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
Activity Title: The Origin of World Religion
Learning Target/s: I can analyze the interconnectedness of geography, culture and religions
21st Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills

Essay:

Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (3 points each)

1. How important is the role of Abraham in the development of monotheistic religion?

2. How did geography affect religious events and development in West Asia, in the Indian subcontinent and in
China?
3. What are the major points of difference between dharmic religions and Abrahamic religions?

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 11

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:

Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)

Activity Title: Positive and Negative Effects of Religion

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page

Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
Learning Target/s: I can identify the positive and negative effects of religions
21st Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills

Learning Concepts:

Dating back to the emergence of ancient societies, religion has already played an important role in the lives of
our ancestors. In the absence of an organized religion, their concept of morality was based on the belief that right
actions earn the approval of the gods and goddesses and wrong actions may cause punishment.

POSITIVE EFFECTS OF RELIGION

There is no doubt that religion has an important role in society. In fact, it has become so closely intertwined
with other institutions such as political and economic systems that religious beliefs sometimes became the basis of
political legitimacy. This is the very reason why the principle of separation of state and religion was established in
many countries.

However, religion has served purposes beneficial to society in general. In one way or another, it inspires
values that cultivate peace, compassion and kindness. Religion upholds traditions of shaping human’s spirituality and
embracing the goodness in each individual.

 Religion Promotes Social Harmony

Religion believes in supernatural beings and powers. It practices a set of rituals and ceremonious rites of
passage and rites of intensification.

 Religion Provides Moral Values

It provides a systematic model of the universe, which in effect determines organized human behavior. By
providing moral values, one is able to distinguish right from wrong, good from evil. It also provides a system of reward
and punishment that administers and standardizes people's behavior in society.

 Religion Provides Social Change

Since religion is a source of moral values, religion provides social change. It can be very effective in lobbying
and campaigning for certain social issues using its own moral teachings as the basis of argument.
In the Philippines, much credit has been given to the Catholic Church for the success of the People Power
Revolution in 1986 when Archbishop Jaime Cardinal Sin urged the people to join the protest rally to oust the dictator,
former president Ferdinand Marcos

 Religion Reduces Fear of the Unknown

Religion was developed from man's need to have a sense of origin and destination; to discover where they
came from and where they are bound to go to when they die. Religion provides answers for phenomena and
questions that science or reason cannot explain. Explanations provided by religions have reduced fears and
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Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
anxieties among individuals and some religions have even made death a better alternative to living in uncertainty.

 Religion Gives Positive Goals in Life

People were inspired by the stories of different prophets from their own religious affiliations, like that of
Moses, Siddharta Gautama, and Muhammad. Another reason that religion can help happiness is that it provides a moral
compass, rules to live by. We need something more than our own hedonism to guide our behavior, and religion can help
to provide guidelines to follow in order to have an orderly and moral life, that helps us get along well with others.

 Religion Gives People a Sense of Belonging

Just as family, ethnicity, or nationality give people a sense of belonging, so does religion. For some, religion
provides people with personal identity as part of a group with similar worldviews, beliefs, values, practices, and
lifestyles. It also provides them with a sense of security because other people who belong to the same religious group
will tend to support and help each other in times of crisis.

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 12

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:

Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)

Activity Title: Positive and Negative Effects of Religion
Learning Target/s: I can identify the positive and negative effects of religions
21st Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page

Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills

Learning Concepts:

NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF RELIGION

Religion has often been named as the culprit behind divisiveness and conflicts among people. There is also a
belief that religion can be dangerous to society when used to advance the interests of a group of people at the expense
of other people especially those with different religious beliefs. Religious fundamentalism or the demand for a strict
adherence to orthodox theological doctrines is often considered as the reason behind most religious conflicts.

 Religion Affirms Social Hierarchy

Some religions affirm social hierarchy often favoring men and as a result, perpetuate the notions of class
or gender discrimination and oppression. The traditional caste system in India would also reflect how religion
reflects political and social structures since it propagated the idea that people had to be subdivided into certain social
classes with particular social roles.

 Religion Causes Discrimination

There are some who say that religion, after turning people against themselves, turn people against each
other. This happens when people do not tolerate religious ideologies different from the one, they follow.

 Religion Triggers Conflicts and Fights

Religion also has some aspects which make it susceptible to be a source of conflict and war. Wars have
been fought in the name of religion, and this phenomenon continues up to the present time.

 Religion as an Economic Tool for Exploiting the Masses

According to the German philosopher Karl Marx, "religion is the opium of the masses." This is in relation to
his critical approach to religion in which he proposed that the bourgeoisie keeps the proletariat in control through
religion. According to Marx, it maintains social inequality by propagating a worldview that justifies oppression.

 Religion Impedes Scientific Success and Development

Throughout history, religion has proven to impede scientific development. For example, during the cholera
outbreak in the Philippines in the nineteenth century, the Catholic practice of having the dead body of cholera victims
be brought first to the church for a Mass was seen as one reason why the cholera epidemic continued to spread rapidly.

 Religion Obstructs the Use of Reason

In order to put this dogma to practice, religion should, therefore, evolve and learn to adapt to the everchanging world.
Ancient religious beliefs and practices which have proven to be inhuman should be replaced with sensible ones.

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Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 13

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:

Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)

Activity Title: Positive and Negative Effects of Religion
Learning Target/s: I can identify the positive and negative effects of religions
21st Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page

Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
Learning Task:

A. Directions: Read and analyze the following sentences. Identify if it is POSITIVE or

NEGATIVE effects of religions. Write your answer on the space before each number.

1. Religion impede scientific development

2. It gives people a sense of belongingness
3. Provides social values to distinguish right from wrong
4. Reduces fear of the unknown
5. Triggers conflicts and fight
6. Economic tool for exploiting the masses
7. Causes discrimination
8. Affirms social hierarchy
9. Gives positive goal in life
10. Promotes social harmony
11. It gives sense of security
12. Provides social changes
13. People had to be subdivided into social classes
14. Obstructs the use of reason
15. Binds together

B. Using the bubble map below, give the Positive and Negative Effects of Religion

POSITIVE NEGATIV
EFFECTS E
EFFECTS

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Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 14

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:

Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)

Activity Title: Positive and Negative Effects of Religion
Learning Target/s: I can analyze the evidences that religion brought about an event in history
21st Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills

Learning Concepts:

HISTORICAL EVENTS CAUSED BY RELIGION

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page

Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque
In some regions in the world, religion has become very influential in almost every aspect of
human activity from personal routines to diplomatic relations. Here are some of the historical
events that are caused by religion.

 Self-Immolation of a Buddhist Monk in Vietnam

Self-immolation, or the killing of oneself as a form of sacrifice, originally referred to as the act of
setting oneself on fire. But now it refers to a much wider range of suicidal choices such as leaping
off a cliff, starvation, or ritual removing of the guts (also known as seppuku). It is used as a form of
political protest or martyrdom.

 Widow Burning Among the Hindus in India

Sati, or the practice of self-immolation of a widow on her husband's funeral Pyre, is said to have
originated 700 years ago in India.

 The Inquisition
Inquisition refers to the Roman Catholic Church groups charged with subduing heresy from around
1184, which includes the Episcopal Inquisition (1184- 1230s) and the Papal Inquisition (1230s).
The word "inquisition," has somehow become associated with the word "torture." This is because
after 1252, torture was used to punish the heretics. One common form of torture was the

strappado, wherein the hands were bound behind the back with a rope, and the accused was
suspended this way, dislocating the joints painfully in both arms.

 The Godhra Train Incident in 2002

In February 2002, a train was set on fire in which 59 people, including 25 women and 15 children,
were killed. The fire happened inside the Sabarmati Express train near the Godhra railway station
in the Indian state of Gujarat. Those who died inside the train were mostly Hindu pilgrims and
activists returning from the holy city of Ayodhya after a religious ceremony at the disputed Babri
Masjid site.

Learning Task:

Answer the following questions briefly.

1. What are the evidences that religion brought about an event in history (5pts)
2. Do you think religion plays an important role in the occurrence of particular historical
events? Why or why not? (5pts)
3. In your own opinion, can religious conflicts be avoided? If yes, how? (3pts)
4. Justify that religion can have positive or negative effects on society. Give examples. (7pts)

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page

Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)
 Dili, Gasan, Marinduque

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 14

Name: Score:
Grade and Section: Date:

Subject: Introduction to World Religions and Belief System (Grade 12)

Activity Title: Positive and Negative Effects of Religion
Learning Target/s: I can analyze the evidences that religion brought about an event in history
21st Century Skill/s: Critical Thinking
Institutional Values: Critical Thinking
Reference/s: Jose, Mary Dorothy & Ong, Jerome. 2016. Introduction to World Religions and Belief
Systems. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc
Type of Activity:
Concept Notes
Skills/ Exercise/ Drills

Kto12 Basic Education Program (Marinduque Midwest College) Page

Larissa M. Faustino, LPT (Subject Teacher)