Math 8 Final Exam Review Name LW 2 feqerer ss STINT AMM Period: @Properties of Addition and Multiplication th cammutative Property of addition and multipicaion: (Commutative x: Commutative.) "changing the order ofthe numbers without changing the answer, (fs comme) Examples: A)2+3=3+2 8) 4(5)=5¢4) 2) Associative Property of addition ard multiplication: (Associative: Associative. ‘iowng the grouping symbols without changing the enswer. (Groups change) Examples: A)6+(2+3)=(6+2)°3 8) 704 6)= (7-496 4) Additive Edentity Property: (Idewtty.«) Identity of # dacs net change vray number pus Fero equ at number. *The identity element of edition & Bere Examples: 9+ 4) Multiplicative Tdentity Property: (entity x) Zdentity of # does not change, x+02% "Rha umber times one's that minber. * The Kent element of mulpcation is end Gxonples 124 x1 5) Multiplicative Property of Zere:(Zro,x) (Everything becomes sr) “Key number rmes zeroiszere Examples 10-070 x70 0 6) Additive Znverse Property: (inverse, ) (Opposites) “Any nunber plus i's opposite eqns zero, Example 12+ 1250 x4 26= 77) Multiplicative Inverse Property: (imverse.») (Reciprocal) syne iesiterecpetaqaiene. congie bo Distrmutve Property (ter atin on subtraction) @ ‘Multiplying @ group by @ nunber (term) xanga ay een 8) = 20H) 20) = 68 Name the property for each of the following: ydsenssetse7+8) Asscclative Prot wo Addcion 2) Oe(x+3)20 “turipiweatno Ompriyc® 2 O 3) 9052509 ‘Comwaiavd Depart, oF Treceehcottoh 9 @203)+0262+3) —-AdArve Tdewt es 5) 24x +9)= 8x18 Di siibuhve, Bayer 6) 9+8)+62(@ri9)+6 Commutative Prop ‘of Add NN 7) @03)e7222B97) Associatiw Prpviyed fnulhelcabon ° 8) 56 +156 “uth plicated cht 9) 2x + 6y = 2(x+ 3y) =pistibuhw Dvopevt 10) 5+5=0 Aditi hw ise. nee : q 3INTEGERS - ALL the whole numbers AND their opposites. ‘Opposite numbers are the same distance from zero on a number line in opposite directions. Fo example 5 and -5 are opposites. Zeros a special integer because itis neither positive nor negative. Name a number that is not an integer? Any fraction or decimal Name the largest negative integer, =1 Name the smallest positive integer, 1. Absolute Value measures the distance a number is from zero on the number line. Distance is always POSITIVE, therefore, Absolute Value is ALWAYS POSITIVE The symbol for absolute value is "| |." “Absolute value bars are evaluated like parenthesis. Do whatever is inside the bars first, and then find the absolute value, ‘The negative symbol "-* means opposite. For example the “opposite of 4” is -4 ADDING AND SUBTRACTING INTEGERS Use the same rules for adding and subtracting integers! Remember: the sign in front of the number goes with the number. BEWARE OF DOUBLE SIGNS! Double negatives = POSITIVE Negative w/ a positive = NEGATZVE Same Signs > ADD AND KEEP Different Signs -> SUBTRACT AND THINK MULTIPLYING AND DIVIDING INTEGERS When MULTIPLYING and DIVIDING TWO integers with ‘SAME SIGNS your answer will ke POSITIVE. DIFFERENT SIGNS answer will be NEGATIVE,Integer Review State the additive inverse for each of the following. Oo 1 -4 1 24_- 24 2) -44_ 44. 3)4 —1— Compare using > oF «. 4 -5_4 0 5)12_< 15 6) -15 15 n-9 2-15 Find the absolute value for each of the following. 8) [5+-8]7 > 9) |-8+10| =_2. rot7) + 1-7) = -4- 8 a \2\ aed 11) Ts -7 an integer? UL _ Why or why not? Oppel of dbx \anale Numnbnc 12) TsO an integer? __ Why or why not? Dis a whole numb 13) Is 4 oninteger? VO Why or why net? vot ¢ whole wurnbe 114) When adding integers with the same signs you add the numbers and keep the sign. 15) When adding integers with different signs you gubtioet ‘the numbers, Keep the sign of the number with the largest absolute value. 16) When subtracting integers follow the rules for uid /iv)/ _ integers. BEWARE of DOUBLE _Suj/ _._ Change them to addition 17) When multiplying/dividing 2 integers with the same sign the answer will be _g-s-hvl 18) When multiplying/dividing 2 integers with different signs the answer will be awatve 19) What number is the only integer that is neither positive nor negative? (©) Simplify each of the following. 20) 2-523 at)-7442 22)20- 1525 23) -11- = 3) 24y-6+1024 25) -8- 12 26)-8+6= i= 30) -5 + -5= 25 3420-92 15‘Order the integer in order from least to greatest. Ox 742.53, 8, -1,-5, 1 4, 51-5, 1,53 47) -66, -102, 98, 58, 114 102,55 4.99, JI! Evaluate each expression. 48) |-22 +22) _C 49) |-221 + fae) 50) -14 - |1o2|_— 1 '- lol=o 2er2e “14 102Laws of Exponents Multiplication of Exponents (The bases MUST be the same) e@ om If the bases are the same: KEEP the bases and ADD the exponents When multiplying monomials: 4") AULTEPLY THE COEFFCIENTS amt) ADD THE EXPONENTS OF LIKE BASES Power of a Power For any whole rumbers a, m, and n cey=am ‘A power raised to another power: KEEP the base and MULTIPLY the exponents. Division of Exponents (The bases MUST be the same) a” Tf the bases are the same: KEEP the base SUBTRACT the exponents. @ What happens if the exponents are the some? You subtract the exponents ond get OP Gx. %) 29827 The final anwer willbe if «#0 ‘What happens if the smaller exponent is on top ‘and the larger on the bottom? ‘You subtract the exponents and you get a negative exponent? ‘ ex % 22072 x? [bo NOT leave your onewer ith a NEGATIVE EXPONENT! xo | __ xoxoxox 1 K | ReKekexexexex Leave your answer as a fraction.Answer the following. (@» Write the standard numeral for each of the following exponential expressions: aes yay Zl gat 2 ge ¥_ (4 le A (-5p =/25 2) Evaluate each of the following expressions if; x= 3, y= -2, and z= 4 a)y? b) xy? c) y+ 2x 4) (xy e) 3x4 az (CO KS ay D_aah-ucd 23-4 ¥ ru (oF a43 - I 24 a2) 3 227 3) Simplify each of the following, Write your answers in exponential form, with no negative exponents! o) tos x bare a ae o) Sa5e54 8 ory 2 x) 3 9 @re) KO | 4) Express each of the following with positive exponents: / ast by et VF o3t_3 gst 1 ‘ “6 at ; ogy Hn ey_D 94 2 my ay 3) osat 3h preps > ys ey -2t4) 2 tJemic Netatio ‘Sciemific rotation: Rewrite @ number as a product of Two factors Factor #1° Must be a number greater than ar equal 1, but less thon 10 actor #2: Must be a power of 10 Fhe exponent tells you how mary places to move the decimal point {Numbers greater than 1 have positive exponents) {Numbers less thon I, but greater than O, have negative exponents) Sstondard Form: emember the exponent tells you: How many places to move the decimal Positive exponents are numbers greater then or equcl fo. [Negotive exponents are sal numbers, numbers between 0 and 1, decimals ‘A. Comparing rubers in scientific notation ampare the powers of 10 first, f they ae the same thon compare the decimal manber. 8, Adding & Subtracting Numbers In scientific notation. Example ty (26% 107) (69 x 10°) rote they have different order of magnitude (25x10! x10")-(69 x 101) break downa power of 10 (2600 x 10%) = (6.9 10%) write in stendard form (2600 -6 9) x 10* distributive property 2593.1 10" evaluate 25,931,000 ‘stendord form 25931 x10" scientific notation Example 2: (23 x 107”) + (3.1% 10%) (2.3 x10%x 10%) + (31 x10) (023 x10) « 31x10") (023+ 31) x10” 333 x10 scentificnetation 18, Multiplying rumbers in scentfic rotation. Muitipy the decimal numbers fist, thon mutiply the powers of 10 using the laws of texponents, Be sure your fina answer isin scientific notation Example: (45 + 102)» (630107) 45 +632 26.35 £510? «107 = 10° 28:35 « 10!° + This is NOT in scientific notation becouse 28.35 is greater than 10 035 «10! —» This sin scientific notation becouse 2.635 is @ and less thon 10. . Dividing numbers in scientific rotator. rode the decal numbers first, hen divide the powers of 10 using the laws of Eeponents (keep the base, subtract the exponents). Be sure your final anewer isin scientific notation! ®1) Write the following in scientitic notation, ') 56,000,000,000 —&) 0.000434 ©) 387x108! d) 231% 1032 Bb x10" 434 xi? BQTXIO” —_23/ «jo 2) Write the following in standard form. a) 516x104 6. OCC (- by 213 x10? 2/20 COC C 3) Perform each operation. Make sure your answer is in scientific notation! @) (8 x 10-9\2 x 10% b) (25x 10°%4.8 x 10°) 2) 62x10°9(2.3 x10) wil 1@ x 10% ae x1 x ier} \ade x10 4) 6 x108 €) (15 x 10%) + (5 x 10°) #) 9 x 108 210? aa sei? : 0,3, «10 ee 3 xO = x10 pa [Bey [s eal 4) Mars is approximately 6 x 107 km away from Carth, Tf the moon is approximately 3 x 108, how much greater is the distance to Mars than the distance to the moon? (& x10) - Bx” @ (6 x10.) (03 x10) [ 59a. x10" Ke | —When Solving Equations the Goal is to Get the Variable by Ttself. © Solving equations our GOAL is to get the VARIABLE by itself. What separates one side of the equation from the other side? = Get rid of ary parentheses. How do we get rid of parentheses? DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY You need to simplify each side of the equation by COMBINE LIKE TERMS. We need all VAREABLE TERMS on one side & CONSTANT TERMS on the OPPOSITE SIDE. We move terms to OPPOSITE sides using INVERSE operations 3-Step Check: 1) Rewrite 2)Replace 3) PROVE Literal Equation — an equation in which known quantities are expressed with letters Formula -- A type of literal equation that shows a relationship between quontities + When you use a literal equation you may be asked to solve it for one variable in terms of the others + Todo this~pretend that all the ether variables except for the one you are solving for care numbers ard proceed by following the steps for solving equations. r infinite number of solutions. ‘Sometimes, a linear equation can also have no solu |One Solution No Solution Infinite Number of Solutions axzxet | xelexe? x * “ate | onty one ; Since 3: 3s always ru, you can sarber mcks | Stee 2cannever be trum tere | adoite ANY maber fr xan tne eqian | NO.rmbers that cana the ain | se equation wile rus This | ‘true. This type of equation is called a type of equation is called an CONTRADICTION. TOENTITY. ‘An Tdentity--An equation that is true for all values of the unknown. 11 has an infinite number of solutions ‘A Contradiction—An equation having ne solution.Equations Review eo the following equation eotbracaly, 2% 9 Teer 2) 1c) = -22 3) M-Bee+ 4) =2e2 -710K + 4) eee 22¢ a 22. “20K Hb-2x= 14 x28 Ce = 22x whe = “14-2 at ia v22% wigs Ba AS 5 me re Se 2x ede rer) +, Sani pe “ eta Spe=4 1) 324-71468-180° Saay-s\F0ay0) 9) ne, ss 2% TW bs — - 4 @ 2x7 * H(g-D= ahr) AC tet tm eee qx -14 = K+ BOK Hs ok 3% AK ALFT * ee — S02 139_, Eres 4K salve exch equ x Siply tor te ge dS ibe —j 10) Seve forwiy elmo 11) Solve fora." 5y.9 42) Solve for xy _ 2h BK E ‘Solve each equation for xin terms of the other variables 13) a+x=be 14) by Zhe bare 415) 3(2x- hn) =v no th a 40 naeTNREVSEENEERS axe Jox= base A a =~ V+Solve each equation if possible. State whether the equation is an Identity or a Contradiction ‘and explain what that means in terms of the solution. 16) 3047 = c+ 2) 7) 2x92 ee +t @ Barts ax tte Dx 49 22K 1h 34 —s___ ne Ge QnrG age I= SE Tee = Comheduction: No Selurtan a4 rdeatity Mieke oy pefine a veriable(), site an equation and solve each word problem. Final answer is 2 sentence, 18) When four times a number is decreased by 12, the result is -36. Find the number. Pub K= vie number . ( \ \ the numibser | VS -b, 19) Together two items cost $130. One item costs $8 more than the other Find the cost of each item. Pub xz ome dem (wD) x +X +8 = VRBO e hak X+ B= seeund UML) ax & RO oy The coat of Huse tind 2x > 22 gat Hel ond 69 = x= &|Geometry ‘Angle Relationships @ compiementary Angles - Two anges are complementary if the SUM of thelr angle measures is 90°. Complementary angles form comers (right angles) 30° 60° Right angle Adjacent complementary angles 30° and 60* angles are complementary because 30° + 60*= 90° ‘Supplementary Angles - Two angles are supplementary if the SUM of their angle measures is 180°. Supplementary ongles form straight lines. 1402 40° e@ Line 180° Adjacent supplementary angles -40° and 140° angles are supplementary because 40° + 140° = 180", Vertical Angles - Vertical angles are congruent (=) angles formed by the intersection of two lires, They are opposite each other and have congruent (=) measurements, Zs Lhand 22 223 Why? They are vertical angles Perdlel Lines ~ lines inthe some plane that DO NOT intersect Tans re Ta nese wo as form igh ages Towed af @ s/s 7 Lien Sages: 234,25, <6. Bein Ag 1, £2, 27,28 (side paral ines) (cutside paralel ines) B‘Aiternate Interior Angles ~ Interior angles found on opposite sides of the transversal ‘When two parallel lines are cut by a transversal the alternate interior anges are congruent Examples: 23.4 26, 24.425 @ ‘Aiterrate Exterior Angles - Exterior angles found on oppsite sides of the transversal. 2 ‘When two parallel lines are cut by @ transversal the alternate exterior angles are congruent Examples: 21.4 28, 22.4 27 Corresponding Angles ~ angles that hold the game positien on two different ines cut by the transversal. When two parallel lines are cut by transversal the corresponding angles are congruent. Examples: £1 & £5, 228 £6, <3 LAG Vertical Angles ~ ongles formed by the intersection of two lines, They are opposite each other end have congruent angle measurements. Examples: 216 24, 22 & 23, 256 8, 268 27 ‘Supplementary Angles two angles whose sum is 180°. Supplementary angles form straight lines Examples: 214 22, 23.4 24, 54 26, 274 28, 3&1, £44 £2,274 25, BALE Coneecutive Interior Angles - The pairs of angles on one side ofthe transversal but inside the two ines ere called Consecutive Interior Anges. Consecutive Interior Angles are supplementory. Examples: 244 26,238 25 Triangles ‘The sum of the measure of the angles of a triangle is equal to /57 degrees mZtemZ2emz32_/0 “The Triangle Inequality states that the sum of any 2 sides of a triangle must be greater than ‘the third side AND ary the difference of any two sides must be less than the third side, ‘Therefore, where a, b, and care sides: (a~b) 5 ond 8-7<5 7+5>8 and 7-5<8 8+5>7 and 8-5<7 ‘Yes, 7, 8, and 5 could be the three sides of a triargle. Example 2: Could 4, 2, & 6 be the three sides of a triangle? 41266 and 4-2<6 A+6>2 and 6-42 2+6>4 and 6-204 No, since 4 + 2 is not greater than 6 and 6 - 4 is not less than 2; 4, 2, & 6 could not be the three sides of a triangle. ‘The Sum of the 2 smallest sides must be larger than the third AND the Difference between the 2 largest must be smaller than the 3%.IMPORTANT FACTS e° ‘The number of congruent sides is equal to the rumber of congruent angles and vice versa, ‘+ Largest angle is opposite the longest side and vice versa, ‘+ Smallest side is opposite smallest angle and vice versa, peers + Ina right triangle, the sides that form the right angle are called the legs: (sides a and b) a +The side opposite the right angle is called the k hypotenuse. (Side c) b + The hypotenuse is always the longest side of a right triangle. The Fythagerean Theorem ‘A triangles aright clang if and only if the sum ofthe squares of wo sides ofthe ‘anglais equal ta thesquare of the measure ofthe third se of thetriangl. @ é ae es) Qoypotenuse) (eg)? + ea ? = gpeteause)? Pea) Remote Interior Angles ZA~ exterior angie 2c-remota interior angle GER) “Z0~remote interior anale exterior angle = sum of the remote interior angle f2A= £0 +2D Geonetry Review Important Vocabulary: Point, line, plane, line segment, ray, angle, obtuse, acute, straight angle, vertical angles, congruent, perpendicular, adjacent angles, complementary, supplementary, parallel, transversal, alternate interior angles, alternate exterior angles, corresponding angles, Triangles (acute, obtuse, right, scalene, isosceles, equilateral), triangle inequality Pythagorean Theorem,Use the diagram to the right to name a pair of: 1) Vertical angles 7 Sledyy yrand st Boas, Fb ond ¥F . Corresponding angles m 2 aT TeE, 34 and xh pig Bdeand 56,43 rl 57 3) Alternate interior angles: FY and ae Sz ond 35 4) Alternate exterior angles gL ant at 2 and 3& 6) Tf mais 123°, state the measure of all the other engles. |... <4 diaggarn Each pair of angles is either complementary or supplementary. Solve for x. Then find the measure of each angle. n ; a= » sz, @ whee" x 3° ng Les 1, ar Supping Compleat, Supplerentont XHIOFX=18O ayiory § “Qo AyrK 12-180 da ~2=90 Ax a a Ses fe 2 Yu ye 23 uid arDetermine the relationship shown. Solve for x. Then find each angle measure. It) R 12) xr 3x44 R= [BO X YO Q0= [80 Qx= 180 7G = (SC X220 ee 2x2 4O eis X= 60 Uk: Be 15) 20° ” v BX +B 2x1 0> 180 Sx gente Be Se gee ary = X=B2 a) 16) xa OF Se Irene + Borba 160) 120+ een on fe 32" 241 -@y - 180 ix Bee [eae at Be se © - ~%19) Could 48°, 37°, 111° be measures of angles of a triangle? uy STrill = 19 Nota Trromele loecaust a frid ‘ake @ Add uy to [80° 20) The measure of an acute angle ina right triangle is 32°. Find the measure of the other acute angle. erent [27 +x -180 IN a 12-2 % 5S 21) State whether 8, 6,9 could be the three sides of a triangle. Show work to support your answer, re NY Ths 4 4 mangle peeamae SOS iy tetatah Dan, 22) The lengths of two sides of a triangle are 6 in.and 9 in. What can you say about the length of the third side? bt. 15 The 34 aida wo betwen Q-6=3 a and © 28) The following triangles are smi. Soe for the missing side. Worde & Properhn24) A 5-foot man casts a 7-foot shadow. Find how tall a nearby building is if casts a 21-foot eo“ Lob He height of, aks) “ly Ee = = 3 ho ins a Ig (Sfx Fe andew 2 We bn 25) A 50-foot tree fell towards a house. The base of the emeralds from the house, How igh up dl the tee hit the house? “ CS tot vee ; -usy2000 x= 530 vexet BO Bat 2 Use the foloning ‘rangle to answer questions 26-31. eae 26) Name the smallest side = AB 27) Name the smallest angle = 2. Fe _ \. 28) Nome the largest side =_ VC ES go) 29) Name the largest angle =_23 lavegat She 30) Classify A by it sides. Geo Cone 31) Classify 4 by it angles. Rig Thpsef Use AARC to answer questions 32-37, (Triangle Not Drawn To Seale.) 32) Nane the smallest side. AC erase swat 33) None the smallest angle. 2. one 34) Nane the longest side, AVS 35) None the largest angle. C 36) Classify by its sides, __ Qo. Jun. On Classify by its angles. __Olobuse‘Volume: *he amount of space a 3-dimensional object holds. FORMULAS: Vz Bh, where B is the area of the base and h is the height of the solid Right Rectangtlar Prism Cube Right Triangular Prism Ve lwh ve Ved abh i 5 h v Rectangular Fyropid ai veh vesBh Remember, B is the area of the base Right Circular Cylinder Cone ‘Sphere (Exact & Approximate) (Exact & Approximate) (Exact & Approximate) Ve arth ve mh a Exact volume means leave your answer in terms off ‘Approximate volume means use youre the x button on your scientific calculator. 2»Volume Review Find the volume of each of the following: show all work step - by - step. D 2 3) Li ison oof “oem are im Tasem = Loh a 7 Leone ee a oN fem pte ved a iho ( eel Se 3\ VeLuoh Vs |oDem? J Vz 10U), 208 m cc (0.8) V= 3.4m? | @ Find the exact AND approximate volume. Round to the nearest tenth. 4 tm 5 na 8 (om wl cS one Su) 3 aden Vedt7h vy. sur V-mh ves mreaytnt) 2 iO V=MlN (6 Ye a wad Ve Fro) : oe Ve aq7 tr » 213335 Tem @ Erect voline 1 Tin? exact Volare L131 ym exact Volume 12°33" Then? Approximate Volume 152tc.8m” Approximate Volume 433.1 m3 Approximate Volume. 418.5% a7) A store keeps about 240 boxed of crayons nits inventory. Hf each box of crayons measures - hes by 4 inches, how many cabic inches is needed to store ALL of the boxes in its inventory? 3 Lb%y Ys Luh Gin? KAHOROES= If, 400 “aS ae us D “The stove woud ned Ve 60 in 14 OD wn? 4D ste ath \ Ne UE thw looke s+ 8) A cylindrical storage tank has a diameter of 6m and a height of Sm, What is the volume of ‘the storage tank? Round your ancwer to the nearest tenth, debe a am * 7 verte 4m? oe Youn 3 aaa a1 T ros cis) LJ gece oF WML ns, J 9) the volume of evn with aradus of Sis m# whats the height? Formate: Verty>h rT ov Asowe tor @ : ve pla ce Es a KDW aA ‘an oe {ie nesayk ws Am.) Geh EESRCEEee eee vi 10) The volume of a rectangular prism wide Tf the width is 2m end the length is 4m, what ‘would The height be for the rectangu eee prism? Sci Ve Lich a a eae eA | Ve ft Fre teat Sm) YO n‘Transformations (Flips, Slides & Turne) @ 4 transformation isc charge of position shape or size of a figure. ‘The figure: you get after a transformation is called the image. To name the image of a point you use prime notation. Ex.A to A’ 4 41) Reflection ~ a change of position, Tt FLIPS a figure ever a line of reflection (x axis or y axis), 2) Translation- MOVES points the same distance and in the same direction, 3) Dilations - changes the SIZE of an image. The image can be either larger or smaller than the original Figure. 4) Rotations - TURNS a figure about a fixed point called the center or rotation. “*Reflections, Translations and Rotations do not affect the size or shape. The images are congruent to the original figure.** Ir ion Rules Reflection over the x axi Gy) > -y) Reflection over y ~ axis: (x,y) -» (=x, y) Reflection over line y = x: (xy) > (y, x) Rotate 90° clockwise: (x, y) + (y, =x) Rotate 90° counter-clockwise: (x, y) > (~y,x) Rotate 180 (x, y) + (-x, -y) Dilation: (x, y)—> (Kx, ky), where K is the scale factor Translations P(x, y) >" (x-+a,y +b) “*Remember, negate means to take the opposite” A rigid transformation or an isometry docs not change the size of the figure. The image and pre-image are congruent, 2‘Tronsformation Reriew ‘Transformation Rules: Reflection over the x-axis P (x,y) 27 (XU) @ Reflection over the y-axis P (x,y) P(X, Ue) Reflection over the line y = xP (x,y) 9 (__, _) Translations P(x, y) 3 P (x +a, y +b) Dilations P (x,y) 9 Hk. Liye) Rotations of 90° clockwise P(x, y) 9” (YX) Rotations of 90° counterclockwise P (x,y) P=, %) Rotations of 180° P (x,y) 2P (XV) Fill in the blank. 1) An_\ pouty congruert. ; 2) Which tranformation(s re an isometry? oiivenl fH vantahidV vga tronstormnadid iga transformation in which the pre-image and the image are 3) Which transformation(s) are NOT an isometry? 10V '4) Which transformation isa slide in the coordinate plane? friii\S\0S16V1 5) Which transformation isa flip in the coordinate plane? vc! \e-*0\0y\__ 6) Which transformation is a turn in the coordinate plane? {0 4015) 7) Which transformation size of the figure?_ Gacy) 8) Ina dilation if the scale factor is greater than one then the image will get 1 19) Inadilation if the scale factor is less than one then the image will get Swaiee 10) Ina dilation, what operation is used with the scale factor? rnuilt ip) Ci no 11) Tf point A(-2, 7) is reflected over the x-axis what is A? A’ _(- 2 5 oP 12) What quadrant wil A” rom #11 ein? JT 13) Tf point B(2, 2) is reflected over the y-axis what Is B'? 3 _{~ 2,2 14) What quadrant wil (from #13) Wein? _L- 15) If point C(-5, -3) is dilated with a scale factor of 3 what is C? 15.59 16) If point D(-8, 4) is dilated with a scale factor of 05 what is b°? D’_{— 42) e2k=8 17) Find the sale factor ofthe dltion givers 2-42 @ 8 2@2 4.93680 #65) coo Kad © Tf point E (6, -7)is translated singh rant ue -3,y 9) what is Gad and inwhat quadrant will E ie? whatiser 6 (1,3) 19) Point G (2, 5) is translated T.s, 20) Point H (8, 4) is translated § units to the right and 7 units up what is H? H_(13, Li 21) Rotation 90" clockwise turns once to the iQ __ 22) Rotation 90° counterclockwise turns once tothe Ra pA 23) Rotation 180° turns Ewer 24) Point 3 (7,2) is rotated 90° clockwise what is 3? §_(OL.°) 25) Point K(-3, 15) is rotated 90° counterclockwise what is K? K’__(-15,:3) _ 26) Point L(-12, 7)is rotated 180° what is? u_(124-D)_ 27) If point A (8, ~4) is rotated 90° counterclockwise what is A’? By 28) Tf pin A (,-#)is rotated 90" clock what e419 (U8 @ 29) Tf point B (5, 6) is rotated 180° what is 8' > (5-14) What quadrant will B'lie inp II 30) TF poinr ¢(-3, 2)is dilated with a scale factor of 3 in what quadrant will C he? _(-b0) 31) Tf point ¢ (5,-2) is reflected over the line y= x what is ¢'>_(-2)_ 32) Tf point D (10, -5) is reflected over the line y= x what is D?_(-D,!0) 33) Triangle ABC's the image of AABCunder a dilation such that AA’8'C is 3 times the size of ABC . Triangles ABCond A’B'C are A) congruent but not similar ©) Gimila? but not congruent ©) botheongruent and similar ) neither congruent nor similar 34) Find the translation rule A (5, 7) A'(2, -1) 3, -8 35) Find the tronlation ule 8 @,3)8'(5,1) _(X+3. 4-2) ok S 36) Find the scale factor of the following dilation: A (-8(6) -> A (-12,9). £ K- ) 37) Identify the transformation to the right GQ] Ustiy your answer. Reflection over the Y-axis peemuas A (21) ext ACD evahae change et Naged a een 2538) Use the graph below to find the translation rule, Rule: LX, M4 Af 39) Given AABC A(2, then refect AAB'C’ over the x axis and graph AA"B"C™ (5, -7), C(8, -2) graph AA'B'C" after rotating AABC 180*clockwise, GA) 2 (a2 «dD e537) wD che D oc (an®K-& yrs -7), (6, -4). Translate AABC left 6 units and to the up 8 units and ‘over the y axis and label AA"B*C’, gy 40) Given A(2, -2), B(2, @ then reflect AA’ ae) (6) e (4 (4) clo) ¢(4) % 7 41) Given ABC A(O, 3), B(2, -2) & C(-2, -2), find the coordinates in prime notation, of the image after a dilation with a scale factor of 2. Graph the image. ¥ Coordinates of the Image 2”cy 42) Given AABC, A(-9,6), B(-9, 3) & C(-5, 3). Rotatd 90° clackwisdand label. Then translate AA'BC using T-5 -7 and label. gq xy ¥ @ Coor of the. Bawa 82,2 Cassy C'C,-2) 43) Greph the image of trapezoid WXYZ after rotating it 180°, then translave trapezoid WXYZ (x-10.y+4). Write the coordinates of the images. Bea) XCHB) Y CS) ECA® was) wl 4 «le D « At 28Graphing e ‘Slope - measures the steepness of ane Vertical Ines have no slope or undefined slope. a Postwesioe — Negivesipe —Zerosope ny sepa tines ‘Slope is generally represented by the: variable “n”, change iny _ Ay ‘Slope = “change inx > Ay m= won when you are finding the slope you should be CONSTSTENTI There are different methods for graphing linear equations: T-Chart: Tf you choose this method use at least 4 values for x, **** Slope-Intercept: y = mx + b, where mis slope and is the y-intercept x and y intercepts: to find the x-intercept let y = O and solve for x. @ to find the y-intereept let x = O and solve for y, ye 2x3 2x03 -2x+3|y | & " 2 | -2@+3 en y-intercept = 3 Y= -2O)+3 OF -2e03 1 |-20)+3 Jt | ye3 9 }-20)+3 | 3] @,3) @3) dex -2} -2(-2)+3] 7 | (2,7) (0 cySYSTEMS of EQUATEONS \ A system of near eqns in two variables isa sete two ines eqsins with the same vores arrest cea syste son ordered ple tht isa sotin of each equetion nthe system e area tt ima equens has a soktion, than the graphs ofthe equates intersect TLC@ da touton fo the aystem: TEST (3,2) IN EACH EQUATION Bent bese raphy: inte each equation in slopeintercept form 1) Graph both equstions. Eh) Find the pon where both ins intersect and writ it down Tet) Chethuhather the pnt i the slston by substituting the pint into the equations. ‘Substitution Merhod “Solve one ofthe equations for one ofthe verables. Rubstitute the esuting algebraic expression in the second equation. “Solve the second equation for the second variable. ‘substitute the resulting value in ether equation ‘Solve forthe first variable. ‘heck by substituting both values in both equations Elimination: Decide which variable you want to eliminate. “Mainly one or both equations by constants so thatthe coefficients of the variable you want Yo, eliminate are oO opposites. waad ‘Solve the resuitng equation “Substitute the solution into the either ORIGINAL equation solve Check both oktions in both equations 30Graphing Review e 1) What isthe slope ofthe line that passes through the points (2,2) and (6, -3), show all werk by using the formula we ay me +2. t mm aX a 3 (ors 2) Classify the slope of each line as positive, negative, zero, er undefined. » eee SHegatae—— ZevOSyph — Nepeldadpecd — Poschne 3) Ish oem ano xe y No at 2X2 No 4) 8¢ Bessemer Ey aa Yow @ ay 22C) Hy 222044 Wy 2s ay 5) Given the equation y = 2 22%, been Te digein The panterege CE) an D) 6) Gwen the equation Bx + Sy = 10. What is the slopeA__S_| What is the y-intercentd 2) ye 3 zx 10 x2 7) The point (-2, ~2)is associated with which quadrant or axis? ” aah 8) The point (~6, 0) is associated with which quadrant or axis? _X “CYS” 9) Write the equation of aline wth a slope of 2 anda yintercept of -._U= 2S 10) Givenm= Zand =-4, Write the enmtion of aline in slope intercept form Ye 22K °44 @ stepe: 2? ee ii s 41) Find the slope and y intercept for the equation y = 8 3 "1% ee ; 31x 12) Tell whether ay isa solution of the equation y= 3x- 1. Show work. 4-8) -| @ ee 3y 51! Not a Selahor~ 13) Find the corresponding value for y whens = 23 Bete ee 3, Show work bel Lys) 32) 3 Girena print and the slope of ole line. Label the point 7 3, 4 (3.2 “ores fori 15) G,-6) slope =0 ¥ ’ 16) Graph y = -3x +8 Show work and Labelll -3 ey downs Slope=_—T =x &t\ y intercept = _*%17) Use the graph to answer all uestions + Qo Weer is they interceps? 1 (a> &) What is the x intercept? _—2._(-2,0) «) What is the slope of the line? = 4) Write the equation of the line? moe} y= xs) @ 1% Seve the system of equation by graphing. Show ll work and check the slut, ys-3x-2 ZL xo yetees and yt Yeu3x-2 ‘hopes | y intercept = -2- yberd Slope = 2 a, y intercept =§_2 The solution say) e [Chee ‘hx+S19) Solve the system of equations by graphing, Show all work and cher the solution, yeeea rd yey 2-6 ues SF Qwrs Slunm™ (2,0) Cheek: = Xok: Dye BK tbe oS 2loy HD+ oenat c et one ee | ae @ 20) Use the substitution method to solve the following system of equations. Check your answer. 7 _ (Cee a fo oe | Yee De ts 2*2 : 2 nm. | 4 = 1O- 4e4 Cad) 4 4 | 21) Use the substitution method to solve the following system of equations. Check your answer. er adh Cheek: (32d BeBe 1O Wr & Ys 2e& gr dye 10 ~ § 2 ru@d=12 crue Yass Labs Bese — < 10 'o%, + Kae Es >)22) Use the elimination method to solve the following system of equations. Check your answer. Find X 24 +2K=10 LUD s2K=10 4 2K=IG “Yy -4 SAUTIONS 3,2 23) Use the elimination method to solve the followit dy +10x = 32 “Tey - 19k Yo Say ss ays TH” ary GD Save by x: 2x 10% 32 BO Oe DQ +1 0% = 32 eee Ix: 20. 10_(0 CS) Chex: (3,2) ASD io Y-2ye7% Ja(2ral3>-(O 9 -2¢3y=- | Ytoerl 2-6: yet ng system of equations. Check your answer. Sauhon (3,15 Chek: : BeWv-32 BY 15x27 ACY ABZ. BIS +EB)=2 213032 SHG-22 32:32 pa 2B Use system of equations to solve the following word problem, Define a variable(s). ud penn yorioble(e) 24) At a store, notebooks and 2 pencils cost $2.80) At the same prices, @ notebooks and 5 Pencils cast $2.60) Find the cost of one notebook and one pencil, RA x= yorice of note bowie, Hd se free of poet ~ F Dayo 40) > “ef “HN HIS) 3B (ces Exf= 2.00) > a WW OL notelerk. costs “0.80 I e . ‘ pentil cosis¥C 20.) | Bxe2y: 280 BxeAOW=2 0 HE oeEunetions: eaten ny piri of the elements in one set (domain) th the elements in oother set cnge). Arelarens (QS Usually represented by a set of ordered pairs (x,y) where the domain sx and the range is Function A special typeof relation in which ech value ofthe domains pared with exactly ane vue ofthe range VERTECAL Line Test—A vertical line (ike the edge of a pencil is moved across the graph from left torght. Tf ‘We graph ef the relation is intersected by the vertical nen MORE than one place AT A TEME, the grph RELATION (NOT A FUNCTION). Ifthe vertical line intersects the graph in ONLY ONE point AT A TIME, the ‘graph isa RELATION & A FUNCTION. tatistics: statistics involving a single set of numbers. 'EX: Finding the average test grade ona final exam. ivriate Stoney sttities used Yo study the relationship between 2 different sets of vues. Ex: number of calories ina person's diet ond cholesterol levels number of hours studied and grade on an exam. scatter Pots: graphs that diaplay the bwarate data ina coordinate plane. The ordered pars are the values in the dota, “tre relationship or CORRELATION or ASSOCIATION between the variables con be seen an the scatter pet rssoccton or correlation refers to the data overall, not specific points onthe scatter pot ‘Types of correla Poste . Neetve @ “Tnahgh positive correletion the pots seem tobe clustered clase together whereas law postive cereltion has repeats clustered ot as clesey together but still having postive slope, There can ale be a igh negative or low negative correlation 36Functions and Linear Equations @» What is the solution of the system of linear equations below? 8) one solution © anly positive solutiens _b) infinitely many solutions 2) In which scatter plot are the data clustered? z 3) The table models the: amount of a certain medicine taken each day. iil the rate of | sae Sey Desage (mg) ayo} Pat me ‘a a a ~Bimgper day 8) -10mgper day ¢) 10mg per day D) Simg ser day @ 4 The graph of y= 3x + 5 belongs to which category? A) circle 8) curve, ©) nonlinear oO linear a 25) The table ond graph below show data about time epent reading and the number of pages read \ by Danika and Kevin READING DATA FOR Kevin @ » $i ime 4 160 io n= BE ene BS m2 mmetBO me tO pry = on out READING DATA FOR DANIKA Which of the following comparisons is true? A) Each hour, Kevin reads 10 pages less than Danika i) Each hour, Kevin reads 10 pages more than Danika, ©) Each hour, Kevin reads 5 pages less than Sanika. (Each hour, Kevin reads 5 poges more than Dak) 4) Bryce is deciding whether a graph is afunetion. What feature of the graph assures that the graph isa function? AA) The graph has a vertical line of symmetry. £8) The graph has a horizontal ine of symmetry 6) A horizontal ine canbe drawn that wilntersect the graph at ont one Pint (0) Every possible vertical ne that canbe drawn will intersect the graph at only one point 7) The amount of orange juice ina bottle is modeled by the equation y= 128 - 8x. Ify isthe umber of ouftes of juice left and x is the number of servings of juice poured from the bottle, how many ounces of juice are in an unopened bottle? A) 208 ounces 8) 136 ounces (0128 ounces > D) 120 ounces x=0 yai2&- 80) y=128 38@ '8) Which graph best models the line of best fit for the data in the scatter plot.9) In the graph below, how could the behavior of the graph between D and E be described? I 8 A) linear and increasing 8) Linear ard decreasing © nonlinear and increasing CD) rantnear and decreasing » 10) The solution to 3(« - 8) = 3x - 24 is shown below. 3c = ) = Bx - 24 3x- 4 =3x- 24 24424 ax 3 o=0 ‘What does the equation 0= 0 mean? (4) ‘The equation has infinitely many solutions, x s any real numer 2) The equation has only one solution, ) The equation has many solutions, x> 0 D) The equation has no solution 11) This relationship represented in this table names a function where x is the independent variable and y is the dependent variable: Lethe raatione freon Ena? Sos, bina pariet \ os onl dpet valine 4012) Tyler and Jason were discussing the relation shown by the table below. The boys decided ‘that that if x is the input and y is the output that the relation would not be a function, @ oweverif they were slowed fo rovecse the input and output, the relation would be a function. Do youagreé or disagree with the boys claim? Support your argument with details about functions. Saget Tied Tac 3 3 Athiwlahon 1s neta function weause L 4 4 Sonu wapuits Wave mul ple odpuctS For camo ait (33) and 3). 12 Yee wiputsand orgs 5 CES] te suibhaddien de would bo anchor been eaeh migud world Wave only ane Oxtpe e” wo relations are drawn on the grids below. Which graph represents a function? {> Explain how you can use the graphs to decide. Gogh Ais. 480 furthon beet use, Uh wp hus ow aatput. Covey Lasled Hog verncal Gnd 4est,sonu input have 2 oatpects. v ied eG tax: Vink i von 14) Which set of ordered pairs does NOT represent arukhat AVC, -2) (4,-3) ©,-4) (6,-5} (BVA, -2) (2. 4) ( (3, -2) ©, -2) (4,-2) (-1,-2) BE (@, -2) (+ 4, - NNT ncficy 3) (4, (eta RS Dy=x* 4Polynomials ~@ mononial or the sum/difference of monomials. Each monomial ina polynomial is \ called a term. ‘Types of Polynonials: @ ‘+ Monomials~ one term (Ex: -2x, 4) + Binomial - two terms (Ex: 3x + 5, x*-9) © Trinomial - three terms (Ex: x? + 5x + 4) 2 ra polmomial has more than three terms, its simpy called a polynomial ‘Standard Form a polynomial in one variable with no like terms, and having exponents of the variables arranged in descending order. Constant terms are always last in standard form. Ex: BP - 2x8 + 3x + 7 Like Terms - monomials with the same variables with the same exponents Ex: Bm d 3m, 28 &xt, xyz & Oxy" ‘To find the DEGREE of « monomial you add the exponents of its variables. A constant has a degree of 0. Ex. -6r2 has a degree of 2; bc* has a degree of 9. ‘The exponent of b is 1. You add 1+8=9 “To find the degree of a polynomial you find the degree of each term and choose the largest. EX, 4+3a-80? The degree of the polynomial is 3. The last term, -8a°, had the largest sum of exponents. ‘Adding Polynomial @ To add polynomials: Distribute the positive sign to each term in parenthesis. ‘This does not change the sian of each term. Use the commutative property to rearrange the terms so that like terms are beside each other. V When you are rearranging terms, keep the sign with the term. Y Combine like terms following the rules for adding integers. Distribute the negative sign to each term in parenthesis. “This changes the sion of each term to its opposite. / Cembine like terms following rules for adding integers. aReview Polynomials ‘State the degree for each polynomial. 1) 52+ M@__h 2) Txty + Bxte3__ 4 Write each polynomial in STANDARD FORM. 4) 6x+ 2x8 D eas Oe 99 Piby Troy -Oy “4 3) oxt+2xe1 6) 347422 oye Tdentify each polynomial as a monomial, binomial, trinomial or polynomial, 7) Btn Sone 8) &et_ Rnonud 9) Beaxteax J) noes l 10) 4xtextetex Lalion uals ‘simp! ae 10) 36+B)-9x-7 12) -38GerDe2x-9 19) GET etree 2 @ Aas o subtract. 4) ete 24+ 394 xe xo Bx 2x 0 34 3x2 14Y 16) (x= 2x-3)- eo, 3x? 2K-3 -Bxr39K-3 C-2x*- 6) 18) Gxt -5x- 4+ a= 42) Bx SKU HULK HD, CIx* tly -2 5 20) (-8x*-4x)-TiOx? 2 20) Dr Uy -10? -2e B12 + 2K4G oS Gx? -10K-F SE BBKAS OAK Co BK +13 15) (14x? + 5x + 9) rational #'s that can't» irrational AIRATIONAL numbers can be written as a fraction: 1 COUNTING NUMBERS ->1, 2,3..->7 also known as NATURAL NUMBERS WHOLE NUMBERS -> 0, 1, 2, 3, af INTEGERS + .., 5-4 2 FRACTIONS -> > ALREADY A FRACTIONI! RATIONAL NUMBERS: TERMINATING DECIMALS -> 0.13 =“ 1 @ ; ele REPEATING DECIMALS ~ 0.333. > z PERFECT SQUARES ~ 49 > 7 > 7 AIIRRATIONAL nunbers conot be written os fractions: PE > w> 3:4415926 NON-PERFECT SQUARES ->/5../17,V3L NON-TERMINATING NON-REPEATING DECIMALS > 0.t2112i112i1112. [TRRATIONAL. NUMBERS@ WHAT ARE PERFECT SQUARES? A number isa perfect square if its square oot ie a whole number, That is, the number is equal to a number times itself, FOR EXAMPLE: 25 = 5+ 5 AND 25-5 « -5 therefore, 25 25 A PERFECT SQUARE. First 15 Perfect Squares, 1,4,9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, 169, 196, 225 Remember there are positive roots and negative roots. Be sure you krow which root you are leaking for. When solving for a variable there will ALWAYS be 2 solutions, Ren carefully to see if you need to reject the negative root. * V64 indicates the positive, or principal square root of 64, Therefore, 64 = 8, + ~Vi2i indicates the negative ‘Square root of 121, Therefore, ~\fi2i = -11, * £226 indicates BOTH positive and negative square roots of 228. Therefore, +-/225 #415 ne oPpesite of cubing a number is taking its cube root, The symbol for the cube root is V—~ When written this way: Y@ means “the cube root of 8 or find the number shat when eubed is equal t0 8, @ LET te frst 8 perfect cubes. 1,8,27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512 Bight Tr sgelllencoed + Tnavight tring. the sdes thot form the right angle ore called the legs: (sides and b) a * The sie opposite the right angle is called the hypotenuse (ide @) * The fypotenuse is avays the longest side of right b triangle, ‘The Pythagorean Theerem ght triangle and only ifthe sum of tho squares of tro sides of the ‘tiongla in equal te thesquara she mencur of thethit Sec a é ateoheet co) Gypotenuse) (ea)? + (ea)? = daypeonnse)? Peat 45