MARPOWER
1. Explain the purpose of Turning Gear? Essay
The purpose of turning gear is that it is used to turn the engine for one or two revolutions prior to starting.
It is a reversible electric motor that drives a worm gear and it can be connected with the toothed fly wheel
to turn a large diesel. It rotates the shaft or rotor and associated machinery to ensure uniform cool-down.
2. What are the causes of scavenging fire may arise due to the flowing: 1 to 5
Causes of scavenging fire may arise due to the following circumstances:
1) A prolonged blow-by owing to ineffective sealing of combustion space.
2) An overhead piston arising out of continued slow burning in the cylinder, faulty atomization,
faulty fuel timing, low compression, and ineffective sealing.
3) 3. Block back of the exhaust gases through the scavenge ports is possible due to a rise in exhaust
back pressure and this pressure may take place due to the carbonizing of parts, fouling of grid at
the entry to the turbine, and choking of silencer.
4) 4. Presence of fuel oil in the scavenge spaces due to defective fuel injectors, incorrect pressure
setting of injectors or fuel particles landing on the cylinder liner due to excessive penetration.
5) 5. Excessive cylinder lubrication which is drained down to scavenge spaces.
3. Explain the preparation for starting engine>? Essay
There are recommended sequence of preliminary steps. These steps should be taken methodically and
unhurriedly. The following steps are the following: The jacket cooling water should be heated slowly and
the amount of oil in the fuel service tank should be checked. The low-pressure fuel-oil filters should be
examined and cleaned if necessary: all connections to the fuel- service pump should be opened. The
amount of lubricating oil in the main engine drain tank, in the turbocharger lubricating oil system, fresh
water in the piston cooling water system (if it is water-cooled) should be checked. The lubricating oil
filters should be inspected and cleaned if necessary and the lubricating oil pump should be started after
ensuring that all the appropriate valves are open. If there is a crankcase vapour extraction fan, this should
be started. The turbo blower lubricating oil pump should be started and also check the bearing oil
temperature. Piston cooling water pump (if it is a separate system) should be started. The cylinder
lubricators should be filled and primed by hand pumping. All hand lubrication points. Lubricate dry
valves and distributor in the air starting system which is supposed to be lubricated and tried by hand.
Make sure from the bridge that the propeller is clear. The fuel system should be primed. The maneuvering
air compressors should be started and the air reservoirs charged to the required pressure. The turning gear
should be disengaged. The auxiliary - or emergency – scavenge air blower should be started. Required
valves on air starting lines should be opened. Take permission from the bridge and with indicator cocks
still open through the engine. Shut indicator cocks and the engine are now ready for maneuvering.
4. Define the basic properties of fuel.
The important properties which are used to characterize fluid include specific weight, density, specific
gravity, temperature, pressure, surface tension, compressibility, and viscosity. Specific Weight is the
force of gravity in a unit volume of a substance. Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance.
Specific gravity (SG) is the ratio of the specific weight of any substance to that of water or the ratio of
density of any substance to that of water. Temperature is the measure of random motion of molecules of a
fluid or system. Pressure is basically defined as the normal force per unit area. Surface tension is the force
of molecular attraction per unit length is the force of molecular attraction per unit length of free surface.
Compressibility is the resistance of fluid to change its volume in a confined space. Viscosity is a measure
of the resistance to flow of a fluid.
