Phillips
October 30th, 2015 DO NOT WRITE ON THIS TEST! GOOD LUCK
Name:
Age of Enlightenment Unit Test
Matching (1 Point Each)
______ 1. Geocentric A. Several steps for an orderly search for knowledge.
______ 2. Heliocentric B. The belief that God gave the King (Monarch) the right to rule over the
people.
______ 3. Rationalism C. The theory that the Sun was the center of the universe.
______ 4. Scientific Method D. The theory, by John Locke, that your mind is empty, a “blank slate” when
you are born and you are molded by your experiences.
______ 5. Absolutism E. A form of government when 1 Person (A Monarch or Dictator) has all the
power.
______ 6. Social Contract F. The French term for Philosopher. Ex. Montesquieu, Rousseau.
______ 7. Philosophe G. The theory that the Earth was the center of the universe.
______ 8. Constitutionalism H. The belief that reason and experience must be present for the solution of
problems.
______ 9. Divine Right I. An agreement between people and their government.
______ 10. Tabula Rasa J. Basically a government built by the people to protect their natural rights.
Multiple-Choice (1 Point Each)
______ 11. Francis Bacon, Galileo, and Isaac Newton promoted the idea that knowledge should be based
on
a. the experiences of past civilizations c. experimentation & observation
b. emotions & feelings d. the teachings of the Catholic Church
______ 12. Which statement best describes the effects of the works of Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo
Galilei, Sir Isaac Newton, and René Descartes?
a. The acceptance of traditional authority was strengthened.
b. The scientific method was used to solve problems.
c. Funding to education was increased by the English government.
d. Interest in Greek and Roman drama was renewed.
______ 13. During the 1600’s & 1700’s, most of Europe was ruled by unlimited governments. Which of
the following is an example of an unlimited government?
a. Anarchy (chaos) c. Absolute Monarchy
b. Democracy d. Constitutional Monarchy
______ 14. How did a European Monarch justify their position?
a. They asked the Pope for his acceptance
b. They asked for votes of confidence from the citizens
c. They sought approval from a council of European leaders
d. They thought that God had given the right to rule as they chose.
______ 15. What is the ability of one branch of government to limit the power of the other branches
called?
Phillips
October 30th, 2015 DO NOT WRITE ON THIS TEST! GOOD LUCK
a. A natural law c. A social contract
b. executive privilege d. checks & balances
______ 16. Which of the following quotes would most likely be spoken by an absolute leader?
a. “I am the state.” c. “I have no power to tell people what to do.”
b. “I always choose democracy.” d. “I will do anything my people tell me to do.”
______ 17. What did John Locke believe that the rights of life, liberty, & property were?
a. temporary rights c. rights guaranteed by the government
b. rights won through battle d. natural rights
______ 18. Which of these best describes the function of a constitution?
a. A promise of a King c. The natural laws made by God
b. The Declaration of Independence d. The powers & limitations of government
______ 19. According to a social contract, where does a democratic government get its power?
a. The courts c. The government
b. The ruling political party d. the people
______ 20. During the Enlightenment, many philosophers relied on which of the following when making
a decision?
a. religion c. emotion
b. the monarch d. reason (rationality)
Matching Part II (1 Point Each)
______ 21. Hobbes P. She advocated for equality for women in the realm of politics & religion.
______ 22. Locke H. He was forced to sign the Magna Carta in 1215; thus limiting his power.
______ 23. Montesquieu i. He favored Freedom of Speech & Religion, and said church and state should be
separate.
______ 24. Rousseau LL. He helped compile information to create the first Encyclopedia.
______ 25. Diderot I. Believed that a nation needed a proper justice system and completely against
cruel & unusual punishment, and argued for fair & speedy trials.
______ 26. Voltaire p. This King of France was the epitome of an absolute monarch because he was
the center of France; hence the nickname “the Sun King.”
______ 27. Wollstonecraft S. He believed that people were born evil, wicked, & selfish and therefore needed
an absolute monarch to keep them in check.
______ 28. Beccaria 7. He believed that a government’s power should be separated into 3 branches to
ensure that the government didn’t get to powerful.
______ 29. Louis 14th 0. He believed in a Social Contract between the people and their government.
______ 30. King John 9. He believed that people had the Natural Rights to Life, Liberty & Property.
