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Nuclear Reactions for Students

This document discusses nuclear reactions and radioactive particles. It describes six types of nuclear reactions: alpha decay, beta decay, gamma radiation, positron emission, electron capture, and bombardment with alpha particles. Examples of each type of reaction are provided, showing the radioactive particles or rays emitted and the resulting change to the element. The document also includes a nuclear reaction worksheet to practice predicting products of various nuclear reactions.

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141 views2 pages

Nuclear Reactions for Students

This document discusses nuclear reactions and radioactive particles. It describes six types of nuclear reactions: alpha decay, beta decay, gamma radiation, positron emission, electron capture, and bombardment with alpha particles. Examples of each type of reaction are provided, showing the radioactive particles or rays emitted and the resulting change to the element. The document also includes a nuclear reaction worksheet to practice predicting products of various nuclear reactions.

Uploaded by

Virplerry
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PHYSICAL SCIENCE_FIRST QUARTER WEEK 2

MELCs: Explain how the concept of atomic number led to the synthesis of new elements in the laboratory.

Nuclear Reactions
- are the processes in which a nucleus either combines with another nucleus through
(nuclear fusion) or splits into smaller nuclei (through nuclear fission.
- these processes involve the emission of energetic particles of an atom, a phenomenon
called radioactivity. The radioactive particles may be elements, electrons, protons and
neutrons, among others.

Radioactive Particles
Electron – negative charge ( -10e)
Proton – positive charge (+11p)
Neutron- no charge (01n)
Alpha particle – high speed particle consisting of 2 protons and 2 neutrons (24α)
Beta particle- high speed electron ( -10β)
Gamma ray- high energy stream of photons ( 00γ)
Positron- positive charged electrons ( +10e)

TYPES OF NUCLEAR REACTIONS

1. ALPHA DECAY – loss of an alpha particles (24α)

Example: Alpha decay of Polonium -210

84210Po 206Pb + 24α


82

2. BETA DECAY – loss of an beta particles ( -10β)

Example: Beta decay of Carbon -14


614C 714N + -10β

3. GAMMA RADIATION– emission of gamma ray ( 00γ)

Example : Gamma radiation in alpha decay of Uranium-


238

92 238U 234Th + 24α


90
90 234Th 234Th + 00γ
90

Example : Gamma radiation in beta decay of Cobalt

59Co
27 59Ni + -10β
28
59Ni
28 59Ni + 00γ
28

4. POSITRON EMISSION– conversion of a proton in a nucleus into a neutron, along with


the release of a positron( +10e)
Example: Positron emission of Oxygen-15
815O 715N + +10e

5. ELECTRON CAPTURE– drawing of an electron into an atom’s nucleus( -10e)


Example: electron capture of Mercury 201

80 201Hg + -1 0e 201Au
79

6. BOMBARDMENT OF ALPHA PARTICLE– addition of alpha particle


Example: bombardment of beryllium with an alpha particle
49Be + 24α 612C + 01n
PHYSICAL SCIENCE_FIRST QUARTER WEEK 2

NUCLEAR REACTION WORKSHEET

Instruction: Predict the element formed in the following nuclear reactions.

A. Alpha Decay

1. 92 238U 24α + _______


2. 86 222Rn 2 4α + _______

B. Beta Decay

1. 38 90Sr -1 0β + _______
2. 19 40K -1 0β + _______

C. Gamma Radiation
1. 4296Mo 24α + _______

_______ _______ + 00γ

2. 30 66Zn -1 0β + _______

_______ _______ + 00γ

D. Positron Emission

1. 24 61Cr 0e + _______
+1
2. 16 30S 0e + _______
+1

E. Electron Capture

1. 47 106Ag + -10e _______


2. 50 116Sn + - _______

F. Bombardment of Alpha Particle

1. 76190Os + 24α 0 1n + _______


2. 2656Fe + 24α 0 1n + _______

ENRICHMENT ACTIVITY
Instruction: Identify the missing reactant/product in each nuclear reaction. Determine
the type of nuclear reaction.
1. _______ +10e + 714N

Type of Nuclear Reaction: _____________________________________

2. 47 105Ag + -1 0e _______

Type of Nuclear Reaction: _____________________________________

3. 94 274Pu 2 4α + _______

Type of Nuclear Reaction: _____________________________________

4. 88 226Ra + _______ 0 1n + 229Th


90

Type of Nuclear Reaction: _____________________________________

5. 3787Rb -1 0β + _______
Type of Nuclear Reaction: _____________________________________

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