PUBLIC TOILET
Case study
SAKSHI BHARAT MEHER
AD
SEM-V ROLL NO 16
VIVA SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
PUBLIC TOILETS Purposes
public toilet can provide far more than access to
Public toilets are places where one is obliged to the toilet for urination and defecation. People
ease oneself in unfamiliar surroundings among also wash their hands, use the mirrors for
the strangers of the same sex. grooming, get drinking water , attend to
Public toilets are typically found in schools, menstrual hygiene needs, and use the waste
offices, factories, and other places of work; in bins.
museums, cinemas, bars, restaurants, and other
places of entertainment; in railway stations, Design requirement
filling stations, and on long distance public
Entry
transport vehicles such as trains and planes.
Doorless entryModern public toilets may be
Conveniences being the collective term for male
designed with a labyrinth entrance (doorless
and female designated toilets, convenience (
entry) which prevents the spread of disease that
singular ) usually acquiring a gender attribute.
might otherwise occur when coming in contact
with a door.
Doorless entry provides visual privacy while
simultaneously offering a measure of security by
allowing the passage of sound.
Doorless entry may also be achieved simply by
keeping an existing door propped open, closed
only when necessary.
Coin operated entry
Pay toilets usually have some form of coin
operated turnstile, or they have an attendant
who collects the fee.
Privacy Urinals
• People often expect a high level of privacy when • Urinals for males are common in public toilets as
using public toilets. they are more space efficient than toilets (for
• Privacy expectations may include toilet cubicles, urination).
cubicle doors, urinal partitions and similar. • Urinals can be with automatic or manual flushing,
or without flush water as is the case for waterless
Service access urinals.
• Modern public toilets often have a service entrance,
utilities passage, and the like, that run behind all the
fixtures. Sensors are installed in a separate room,
behind the fixtures. Usually the separate room is just
a narrow corridor or passageway.
Sensors
• Sensor-operated fixtures (faucets, soap dispensers,
hand dryers, paper towel dispensers) prevent the • They can be arranged as single sanitary fixtures
spread of disease by allowing patrons to circumvent with or without privacy walls or in a trough
the need to touch common surfaces. design without privacy walls.
• Sensor-operated toilets also help conserve water by
limiting the amount used per flush, and require less Lighting
routine maintenance. • Service lighting consisting of windows that run all
• Each sensor views through a small window into each the way around the outside of the toilet using
fixture. Sometimes the metal plates electric lights behind the windows, to create the
illusion of extensive natural light, even when the
toilets are underground or otherwise do not have
access to natural light.
Standard dimension for toilet
• The sanitary facilities include showers and toilets, ladies and
gents' separated. Location should be between the changing and
the pool areas.
• The toilets should be arranged so that, after use and before
entering the pool area, the bather has to cross a shower room -+
0 - 0.
• 1 shower room each for ladies and gents with min. 10 showers
(applies for water area up to 500 m). In addition, a further shower
should be provided for every 25-50 m of water area
• Toilets: each shower room requires 2 WCs for ladies, 1 WC and 2
urinals for gents 0. Minimum dimensions of movement areas in
sanitary facilities: 0.80 m wide shower without partition: with
partition: (row of showers with spray guard) 0.80 m deep 0.95 m
or 0.80 m wide 1.45 m high shower with double-T partition: 0,80
m or (with spray and sight partition) 0.95 m wide 1.40 m deep
CASE STUDY
PUBLIC TOILET AT SANCHAKOU
Site plan
• Architects: Shulin Architectural
• DesignArea: 138 m² a well-shaped cedar tree at the corner of roads
• Year: 2018 intersection. Thereis a river and a public square not
far from the public toilet. In the evening, villagers
Purpose of this public toilet to become a public and often walk along the river for sports or various events
inclusive place where villagers can bring in more on the square, which gives the venues public spatial
daily and trivial activities. attributes. they divide toilet in several block for
The site of the public toilet is a small triangular function to evolved into a place for communication,
area, with village roads on the two sides. On the which brings more possibilities to the villagers. They
one side, there is a modern residential building meet and chat in the public toilets to exchange ideas,
with three floors, whose shape and boundary are gettogether, so that the public toilets serve the public
clearly defined by the surrounding environment. function of the station and a gathering place for
villagers.
To increase the possibility for public activities,the public toilets
conduct function separation in the first place, breaking the
stereotypes and layout of traditional public toilets. They
deconstruct the definition of public toilets and split its
functionsinto: male toilets, female toilets, tool rooms, toilets for
the disabled, sinks, rest waiting seats, and these functional areas
are separated and recombined into independent functional blocks.
Plan
Several blocks serving different functions integrated with
the ground are randomly distributed. The wall material is
consistent with the ground material properties with the
former being terrazzo doped with black and white pebbles
while the latter being a washed stone mixed with gray section
medium-grain stones. One is exquisite while the other is
rough, with similar colors and slightly different textures.
