DIAGNOSTIC AND LABORATORY PROCEDURES
URINALYSIS
DESCRIPTION: It is a test for the urine and involves checking the appearance, concentration
and content urine.
PURPOSE: It is used to detect wide range of disorders such as urinary tract infections, kidney
disease and diabetes.
MACROSCOPIC
TEST COMPONENTS RESULT NORMAL RANGE
Specific gravity 1.015 1.003-1.030
pH 7.0 5.0-8.0
Nitrite Negative Negative
Protein Negative Negative
Glucose Normal Normal
Ketones Negative Negative
Urobilinogen Normal Normal
Bilirubin Negative Negative
Blood Negative Negative
MICROSCOPIC
WBC 0-3 0-5
RBC 0-1 0-2
MUCOUS None None
BACTERIA AND OTHER None None
ORGANISMS
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES AND RATIONALE:
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES RATIONALE
Before:
Check patient’s personal information to prevent misidentification
Explain and instruct the patient about to gain trust and cooperation
the procedure and its purpose
Inform that the test require specimen to ensure to test the right specimen
Provide a clean container for the to avoid time consumption and
specimen contamination
Instruct the patient to use the cotton to prevent external bacteria from
ball to clean urethral area entering the specimen
Instruct the patient to take the mid- this reduces the risk of sample being
stream urine contaminated with bacteria from
hands, skin around the urethra, and the
tube that carries urine out of the body
During:
Assist the patient in the comfort room to ensure safety of the patient
After:
Cover all specimens tightly, label To ensure that the specimen belongs
properly to the right patient
to avoid contamination of the
Specimen is delivered to the specimen
laboratory within 1 hour
Document the procedure for legal purposes
INTERPRETATION: All the result of the complete urinalysis is within the normal range.
ANALYSIS: All of the result of urinalysis test are within normal range and this indicates that
the patient has no complications and infections.
COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT (CBC)
DESCRIPTION: It is a group of tests that evaluate the cells that in blood, including red blood
cells, white blood cells and platelets.
PURPOSE: It is to evaluate your overall health and detect a wide range of disorders, including
anemia, infection and leukemia.
COMPLETE BLOOD
COUNT
TEST COMPONENTS RESULT REFERENCE RANGE
White Blood Cell (WBC) 6.6 K/mcl 4.8-10.8 K/mcl
Red Blood Cell (RBC) 5.0 M/mcl 4.7-6.1 M/mcl
Hemoglobin (Hgb) 15.0 g/dL 14.0-18.0 g/dL
Hematocrit (HCT) 48% 42-52 %
Mean Cell Volume (MCV) 90 fL 80-100 fL
Mean Cell Hemoglobin 29.0 pg 27.0-32.0 pg
(MCHC)
Platelet Count 300 K/mcl 150-450 K/mcl
Mean Platelet Volume 9.0 fL 7.5-11.0 fL
WBC Differential 50 % 33-73 %
Neutrophil 36 % 13-52 %
Monocyte 8% 0-10 %
Eosinophil 5% 0-5 %
Basophil 1% 0-2 %
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES AND RATIONALE:
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES RATIONALE
Before:
Check patient’s personal information to prevent misidentification
Explain the procedure and its purpose to gain trust and cooperation
to the patient
Explain to the patient that fasting to make sure that the results are
before certain blood test is important accurate
Inform patient that blood test can be
slightly uncomfortable. When the to gain trust and cooperation
needle punctures her skin, she might
feel a prick or pinching sensation
During:
Instruct the patient to relax and To avoid discomfort
breathe deeply
After:
Apply manual pressure and cover the To prevent bleeding
area with bandage
Apply warm, moist compress if To heal hematoma faster
hematoma developed in punctured site
Label the sample and send it to the For analysis
laboratory
Document the procedure For legal purposes
INTERPETATION: All the result of the complete CBC test is within the normal range.
ANALYSIS: There is no problem in blood of the patient, all result CVC test are within normal
range.
ULTRASOUND
DESCRIPTION: It is an imaging test that uses sound waves to create a picture or also known as
a sonogram of organs, tissues, and other structures inside the body.
PURPOSE: It is used to work out how old the baby is, determine its location, find the location
of the placenta, and determine the sex of the baby (male or female), check for heartbeat, check
for normal fetal growth and check for any abnormalities.
NURSING RESPONDIBILITIES RATIONALE
Before:
Instruct the patient to avoid food food and liquids in your stomach and
drinks (fast) for eight o 12 hours urine in the bladder can block the
before an abdominal ultrasound sound waves, making it difficult for
the technician to get a clear picture
Explain the procedure and its purpose to gain trust and cooperation
to the patient
Instruct and assist the patient to lie in to secure the procedure
examining table
Place a towel under her right buttock to prevent supine hypotension
to tip her body slightly syndrome
Ask the patient to relax while the
procedure is going on to avoid discomfort
Provide towel to wipe the gel that is
being applied to avoid skin irritation
INTERPRETATION: The ultrasound result is normal
ANALYSIS: The normal result of ultrasound indicates that there are no any abnormalities
founded.
