NATURALISM
(in art and literature) a style and theory of
representation based on the accurate depiction
of detail.
the philosophical belief that everything arises
from natural properties and causes, and
supernatural or spiritual explanations
are excluded or discounted.
NATURALISM
Naturalism is concerned with ‘natural self’ or ‘real self’.
Dr. Premnath observes, ‘Naturalism is an attitude rather than a specific
system of philosophy’.
James Ward says, ‘Naturalism is the doctrine that separates nature from
God, subordinates spirit to matter and set up unchangeable laws as
supreme’.
CONCEPT OF NATURALISM
Naturalism is a distinct philosophy according to which reality and nature
are identical and that beyond nature there is no reality.
According to Naturalism, ‘material world is the real world’. It
emphasizes ‘matter’ and the physical world.
It does not believe in sentimentalism, spiritualism and supernaturalism.
Naturalism believes that nature alone contains normal and the only final
answer to all philosophical problems.
PRINCIPLES OF NATURALISM
Child centered education.
Education as the natural development of the child’s power and capacities.
Negative education in early childhood.
Education should be based on child’s psychology.
The role of teacher should be that of a guide.
CHARACTERISTICS OF NATURALISM
Nature is the ultimate reality.
No distinction between mind and body.
Scientific Knowledge.
Inductive Method Values are resident in nature.
Man-an offspring of nature.
Senses are the gateways of knowledge.
Laws of nature are unchangeable and the whole universeis governed by
them.
NATURALISM IN EDUCATION
Naturalism may be regarded as a revolt againstthe stereotyped system of
education.
It believes that education should be strict conformity with the nature of
the child.
The cores of naturalistic thoughts in educationare:
Naturalism is against the autocratic and intellectual pretension.
It rejects all authority that interferes with the spontaneous
development of children.
Naturalism gives the central position to the child.
Naturalism gives maximum freedom to child.
NATURALISM AND AIMS OF EDUCATION
1. Self-Expression- Naturalists believe that students should be provided with
an opportunity to express their ideas and talents.
2. Self-Preservation- In naturalistic point of view, self-security or
selfpreservation is an unavoidable aspect in life and education should
enable the child to develop these qualities.
3. Redirection of human instincts- Naturalists believes that each child is born
with certain instincts, which are the guiding force behind all human
conduct.
4. Struggle for existence- Naturalists says that individual child may have to
face several painful and stress laden situations in the physical world.
5. Education according to nature- While educating the child, his whole nature
i.e, tendencies, developmental status, capacities, instincts, likes and
dislikes should be considered.
6. Perfect development of individuality- Education should aim at developing
the aim at developing the child into joyous, rational, balanced useful and
mature person.
NATURALISM AND DISCIPLINE
Naturalism gives freedom to the child to grow in the natural way.
There is no external discipline required.
NATURALISM AND TEACHER
Should be:
An observer
Able to understand nature of the child
Stage setter
NATURALISM AND CURRICULUM
No rigid curriculum.
Focal point should be with simplicity and objectivity.
Study of past experiences.
Literary and aesthetic culture.
THANKYOU
