Syllabus Content for Fine Arts HSSC-II

ART HISTORY: 40 Marks

Contents to be focused
Chapters General Discussion
on:
Art of the Islamic World  Basic plan of mosque shows  How mosque architecture
a) Alhambra Palace and simplicity. was developed, which
Cordoba Mosque in  Influence of Muslims in Spain influences it took from
Spain with special reference to contemporary civilizations
b) Blue Mosque in arabesque. e.g. adoption of dome
Turkey  Introduction of architecture.
c) Ibn-e-Tulun embellishments on mosques  Gradual transition in the plan
MosqueCairo Egypt in different Muslim regions. of mosque and amalgamation
of local traditions of each
area where Islam was
introduced
 Unique qualities of religious
and secular buildings of the
Islamic world which marked
culmination of Muslim
architecture in general.

Influence of art from the  Incense route: one of the  Incense route:It helped
Islamic world on the culture main trade routes on the transportation of goods and
and art of the subcontinent Arabian Peninsula, used to spices along with ideas and
through the ancient trade bring incense from deep traditions of arts and crafts of
routes such as: south to Mediterranean one civilization to another e.g.
a) Incense route  Silk route: It stretched from through incense route
b) Silk route China through India, Asia Southeast
Minor, up throughout Asian&Indianspices, precious
Mesopotamia, to Egypt, the stones, pearls, ebony, rare
African continent, Greece, woods, animal skins, gold
Rome and Britain. and fine textiles [Link]
 Elaborate social and traded
economic developments  Silk route: Along with silk, the
under theinfluence of trade Chinese exported paper,
between different cultures teas, salt, sugar, porcelain,
 Maps. jade, bronze, fur, cloves, and
other spices
 The greatest value of the silk
route was the exchange of
culture, art, religion,
philosophy, technology,
language, architecture and
every other element of
civilization.
 Influences of cultural
diversity.
 Ornamental motifs.
 Shifting of ideas.

Arab influence on the culture of  Trade  Exchange of knowledge.

the Indian Subcontinent  Arrival of Muhammad bin  Impact of Muslim rule in
Qasim(Sindh) configuration of socio political
 Establishment of first hypostyle culture which later embodied
Mosque at Bhambhor itself in architecture majorly.
 Persian influence was first

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 introduced to the Indian
subcontinent by Muslim rulers of
Turkic and Afghan origin,
especially with the Delhi
Sultanate from the 13th century,
and in the 16th to 19th century
by the Mughal Empire. ...
Persian became the preferred
language of the Muslim elite of
north India.
Turko-Persian influence on art  The composite Turko-Persian Characteristics of Sultanate
and culture of the Indian tradition refers to a distinctive architecture
Subcontinent in the Sultanate culture that arose in the 9th and  A mixture of Indian (Hindu) and
period 10th centuries in Khorasan and Iranian (Muslim) Style (to
a) QutubMinar, Delhi Transoxiana (present-day construct their buildings on the
b) Shah Rukh-e-Alam Afghanistan, Iran, Uzbekistan, pattern of Iran and Central Asia).
Mausoleum Multan Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, minor  Introduction of
parts of Kyrgyzstan and trabeatedsystem(post & lintel),
Kazakhstan) Islamic brick architecture,
 The Perso-Islamic tradition was a doomed tombs and mausoleums
tradition where the Turk groups  Arabesquedesigns began to be
played an important role in its used for decoration purposes.
military and political success  The use of Islamic calligraphyin
while the culture raised both by the buildings served dual
and under the influence of purposes i.e. religious as well as
Muslims used Persian as its decorative.
cultural vehicle.
 Regarding Turko-Persian
influences, impact of Mughals be
discussed briefly.

Mughal period(1526-  Time line  Synthesis of the Hindu and

1857)Architecture  Political and geographical Islamic architectural modes and
a) Lahore Fort, Lahore background techniques.
b) Shalimar Garden, Lahore  Introduction in India the Persian
c) Taj Mahal, Agra style of four-fold garden (Chahar
d) The Badshahi Mosque, Bagh)
Lahore  Characteristic features of Mughal
architecture are the bulbous
domes, the slender minarets with
cupolas at the four corners, large
halls, massive vaulted gateways
and delicate ornamentation and
extensive use of Red sandstone
and later white marble
Miniature Paintings or the Art of  Persian in origin  Synthesis of the Persian, local
book miniature paintings form:  Miniature painting. Miniature Hindu painters and European
a) AkbarNama: Mughal painting, also called (16th–17th influence
elephants in the battle 16th
century) limning, small, finely  Methods and techniques of
century.
b) Jahangir Nama:Jahangir wrought portrait executed on Mughal miniatures
holding a globe. 17th century. vellum, prepared card, copper, or  Mughal paintings are a particular
c) Squirrels in a plane tree ivory. The name is derived from style of South Asian painting,
1605-08 by Abu-ul-Hassan the minimum, or red lead, used generally confined to miniatures
d) Badshahnama: Shahjahan by the medieval illuminators either as book illustrations or as
receiving his three eldest  Difference between Persian and single works to be kept in albums,
sons and Asif khan during his Mughal Paintings which emerged from Persian
accession ceremonies, Agra,  Differentiate Mughal and Rajput miniature paintings
Diwan-i-amm,1628 Paintings
Colonial period(a brief Colonial period: British Raj, British Company style:
introduction to comprehend colonial rule in India, 1858 to 1947.  A hybrid Indo-European style of
transition) paintings made in India by Indian
 The establishment of the British artists, many of whom worked for
Empire in the 18th century paved the European patrons in the British
way for a radical change of artistic East India Company or other
taste, and a new style of art and foreign Companies in the 18th and
architecture. 19th centuries.

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  The European advent was marked by  In the 18th century, oil and easel
a relative insensitivity to native art painting brought many European
traditions. artists to India in search of fame
 The fusion of Indian traditions with and fortune, and a distinct genre of
European style at this time became watercolor painting developed that
evident in architectural styles; as with depicted scenes of everyday life,
the Mughals, architecture under regalia of princely courts, and
European colonial rule became an Indian festivities and rituals.
emblem of power designed to Referred to as the Company style
endorse the occupying power. or Patna style, this style of painting
flourished at first in Murshidabad
and spread to other cities of British
India.
 Water color and oil painting
replaced miniature art

Art in Pakistan Characteristics of works of all artist should a) Ustad Allah Baksh: Bridge
Old Masters of Pakistan be elaborately discussed between pre partition art and
a) Ustad Allah Baksh post partition Pakistani art.
b) AbdulRehmanChughtai All major works explained and any famous b) Abdul Rehman
c) HajjiSharif work can be discussed in detail, which Chughtai:carried the old legacy
d) Zainulabideen marks the progress of artist making him of Indian sub-continent before
e) Sadequain prominent. partition and switched to the
f) Shakir Ali representation of
g) Anna Molka Ahmed Muslimideological figures
Social and political conditions according to
Modern Artists of Pakistan through poetry after partition.
artists’ works must be discussed e.g.
h) Zahoor-ul-akhlaq c) Hajji Sharif:belonged to
Fame of calligraphy in late 60’s under
i) Shahid sajjad tradition miniaturist family,
Islamization of state.
j) Ismail Guljee carried the old tradition in pre
k) Bashir Ahmed and post partition time.
l) A.R Nagori d) Zainul Abideen: Bengal based
m) Mian Salahudin artist, skilled in his pen & ink
drawing. Marked as socio
political artist.
e) Sadequain: initiated the
calligraphic letters in pen n ink.
His ornamental calligraphic
painting started a new
dimension in Pakistani art.
f) Shakir Ali: Father of modern art
in Pakistan
g) Anna Molka Ahmed: style of
painting is expressionistic and
she also painted social and
political subjects.
h) Zahoor-ul-Akhlaq: synthesis of
the actual and the remote is
manifested in his critical take on
ideas of tradition.
i) Shahid Sajjad: first sculptor
with an impact
j) Ismail Guljee: Contributed to
Abstraction in Pakistan through
his calligraphic paintings.
k) Bashir Ahmed: student of Hajji
Sharif, who continued traditional
miniature practice with
contemporary themes.
l) A.R Nagori: Pakistani painter
known for his socio-political
themes.
m) Mian Salahudin: Pakistan's
first ceramic artist

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Studio work:60 marks

2D FINEARTS
DRAWING/ PAINTING

 Portrait 3
 Life drawings 6
 Nature Drawings 3
 Landscape 2
o Technique: as per requirement
o Medium:paper, lead and colour pencil, pen and ink, markers, and pestles, water
colours, Acrylics and mix media

3D FINEARTS
 Sculpture (one piece not smaller than 10” )
 Sculpture in round (Basic geometrical shapes and its composition)
 Technique: Additive/ Constructive
 Medium: Plasticine (for key models), clay
 Tools: as per requirement

2D APPLIED ARTS
 Book cover and Illustrations 2
 Posters on diverse issues 6 (focus on the concept, typography and execution)
 Weaving (Knotting, off loom weave, minimum size: A4,Medium: Thread, wool, ribbon,
fabric
 DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY: 2 (size A4, Hard copy)
Computer Arts(clipart and soft wares for compositions Awareness
 PHOTOGRAPHY:2 (Minimum size: post card)
(Data collection for composition Awareness with still photography using any available
camera

3D; APPLIED ARTS

Ceramics (2 pieces)
Technique: pinch, coil or slab method
Medium: Clay

Note:

 It is desired that student selects the best work for the portfolio and exhibit in presentable
manner.
 The works be duly signed, dated and stamped by the Art teacher.
 The works reflect the knowledge and understanding of elements of Visual Art and
principles of design.

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 Plagiarism should be vigilantly checked by the Art teacher. For practice purposes
copied work is allowed, yet no copied work shall be accepted as part of Portfolio.