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Mendel's Inheritance Laws

Gregor Mendel discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance through experiments with pea plants from 1856 to 1863. He deduced that genes come in pairs and are inherited separately from each parent as dominant or recessive traits. Mendel recognized patterns in how these traits were passed down from one generation to the next. His laws of heredity state that genes segregate and assort independently during reproduction and that dominant genes mask recessive genes. Mendel's groundbreaking work was not fully appreciated until his laws were rediscovered in 1900.

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366 views1 page

Mendel's Inheritance Laws

Gregor Mendel discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance through experiments with pea plants from 1856 to 1863. He deduced that genes come in pairs and are inherited separately from each parent as dominant or recessive traits. Mendel recognized patterns in how these traits were passed down from one generation to the next. His laws of heredity state that genes segregate and assort independently during reproduction and that dominant genes mask recessive genes. Mendel's groundbreaking work was not fully appreciated until his laws were rediscovered in 1900.

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20I1190 G-7C
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Gregor Mendel, through his work on pea plants, discovered

the fundamental laws of inheritance. He deduced that genes


come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units, one from each
parent. Mendel tracked the segregation of parental genes and
their appearance in the offspring as dominant or recessive
traits. He recognized the mathematical patterns of inheritance
from one generation to the next. Mendel's Laws of Heredity
are usually stated as: 1) The Law of Segregation: Each
inherited trait is defined by a gene pair. Parental genes are
randomly separated to the sex cells so that sex cells contain
only one gene of the pair. Offspring therefore inherit one
genetic allele from each parent when sex cells unite in
fertilization.2) The Law of Independent Assortment: Genes
for different traits are sorted separately from one another so
that the inheritance of one trait is not dependent on the
inheritance of another. 3) The Law of Dominance: An
organism with alternate forms of a gene will express the form
that is dominant. The genetic experiments Mendel did with
pea plants took him eight years (1856-1863) and he published
his results in 1865. During this time, Mendel grew over
10,000 pea plants, keeping track of progeny number and type.
Mendel's work and his Laws of Inheritance were not
appreciated in his time. It wasn't until 1900, after the
rediscovery of his Laws, that his experimental results were
understood.

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