Chapter 4
Sound recording and popular music
Audiovisuals Laptops, tablets, and smartphones can stream media.
Audio cassettes, huge reel-to-reel devices with lightweight magnetized strands, were introduced
in the 1940s. In 1958, stereo allowed the recording of two tracks. In the 1970s, we had two recordings:
the digital recording translated sound waves into binary on-off pulses and stored information as
numeral code, while the analog recording captured sound wave fluctuations and stored those signals in
record grooves.
Convergence of sound recording in the internet age
Mp3 compressed digital recordings in 1992. Subscription services and cloud music had no
physical ownership.
Record-radio conflict
According to chapter 4, Radio reduced record sales in 1924.
ASCAP created radio right fees in 1925 and cooperated when televisions became prominent in
the 1950s and licensing difficulties developed with music streaming firms.
Pop music survived despite the popularity of other genres because iTunes is the main pop music supplier
and streaming services expanded.
The music labels influenced the industry in ways like the oligopoly, a business situation in which few
firms controlled an industry's production and distribution of resources in the US and global music
business, and the indices, which recorded music that seemed less commercial and played a major role as
the music industry's risk takers.
Talent scouts find, develop, and even manage musicians. Anderson created iTunes, sold music, and
divided revenues by medium.
Chapter 5
Popular radio and the origin of broadcasting
Inventors of wireless telegraphs
Pop music survived despite the popularity of other genres because iTunes is the main pop music
supplier and streaming services expanded.
The music labels influenced the industry in ways like the oligopoly, a business situation in which
few firms controlled an industry's production and distribution of resources in the US and global music
business, and the indices, which recorded music that seemed less commercial and played a major role as
the music industry's risk takers.
Talent scouts find, develop, and even manage musicians. Anderson created iTunes, sold music,
and divided revenues by medium.
Regulating a new medium wireless ship act in 1910
As per chapter 5, The 1912 radio act addressed amateur radio issues. It was licensed and used
SOS distress signal.
The WWI navy-controlled radios, and the cooperate heads and governed leaders conspired to
serve American interests.
RCA-acquired American Marconi and other US radio companies' formation
RCA monopolized broadcasting in the US.
Sarnoff and NBC
RCA's first general manager, David Sarnoff, founded NBC with GE and wasting house.
NBC sold national advertising and programming to affiliates.
Sarnoff produced car radios for GM.
Williams Paley bought a controlling share in 1928 and introduced new ideas and strategies.
1927
The Radio Act of 1927 required stations to serve the public interest to license their channels.
The FCC handles licenses and channel issues.
The Federal Communication Commission regulates broadcasting and narrowcasting under the
1934 Communication Act.
The FM revolution and Edwin Armstrong
FM-frequency modulation radio accentuated the pitch between radio waves
AM- amplitude modulation radio stressed the volume or height of radio waves
Stations
Satellite radio provided a continental US-wide subscription service.
HD radio lets AM and FM broadcaster’s multicast and provides program data.
Radio/convergence
Internet radio simulcasts on-air signals or creates internet-only stations.
Podcasting involved posting audio files online for download.
Radio and local ads
10% of media advertising was radio. National networks exchanged programming for ad time.
