LESSON 3: Objectives of PE
Physical education, as a profession, provides many benefits for people who want to work with children and adults. The physical education of
primitive people was informal and unstructured, with the primary purpose of survival. They need physical strength and prowess to fight their enemies, build
shelters, obtain food, and resist some of the forces of nature.
According to Bucher (1979), there are five conventional objectives of physical education; these are organic, which involved the proper functioning of the body
system so that that person can meet the needs of the community suitably.; neuromuscular, a balanced functioning of the nervous and the muscular system
to attain the required movements; interpretative, the capacity to explore, to determine, to comprehend, to obtain information and to make value judgments;
social, an adaptation of self and others by the integration of the person into the society and its surroundings; and finally, emotional, a balanced physical
reaction through the fulfillment of essential needs.
Andin (2005) discussed that physical education performs three functions: biologic, integrative, and social. Biological functions refer to the enhancement of
the individual’s growth and development through body movement. Integrative function refers to personality integration achieved through participation in
properly selected physical education activities. It provides relaxation and relief from strains and tensions and provides opportunities for socialization and
development of the mental capacities of the individual. The social function consists of transmitting values and standards that are consistent with the needs
and ideals of society. She also mentioned that the concept of physical education is that it is education through physical activities
While Andin believed in physical education through physical activities, the K to 12 basic education program is anchored on the tenet “move to learn, learn to
move” with the ultimate goal of achieving lifelong fitness.
Definition of physical education
“Physical education is the sum of those experiences which comes to the individual through movements” (Oberteuffer 1981).
“Physical education is the sum of man’s physical activities selected as to kind and conducted as to outcomes” (J.F. Williams & C.L. Brownell 1981).
Cassidy (2013) says, “physical education is the sum of changes in the individual caused by experiences centering motor activity.”
For J. B. Nash, “physical education is that phase of the whole field of education that deals with bid muscle activities and their related responses.”
According to Bucher, “physical education is an integral part of the total educational process which has its aim, the development of physically, mentally,
emotionally and socially fit citizens through the medium of physical activities which have been selected with a view to realizing these outcomes.”
Andin (1988) defines physical education as an integral part of the educational program designed to promote the optimum development of the individual
physically, socially, emotionally, and mentally through total body movement in the performance of properly selected physical activities.
The objective of Physical Education
▪ Physical development – importance is placed on the learning and improvement of physical skills that can improve one’s ability to enjoy life-long
leisure.
▪ Mental development – learners gain information and comprehension of the rules and techniques of sports, dance, and leisure activities.
▪ Emotional development – physical education activities offer opportunities for individualism and personal mastery.
▪ Social development – encourages the ability to be with others—excellent and admirable qualities established by active involvement in physical
education activities.
Purpose of P.E. – National Association for Sports and Physical Education (NASPE)
1. To develop optimum physical fitness and health of the individuals so that he is capable of living the good life and of contributing to his maximum
capacity to the attainment of the goals of the New Society.
2. To produce individuals who can contribute to the economic well-being through the:
a. improvement of work habits and work attitudes.
b. proper emphasis on problem-solving skill
i.An individual can identify the problem correctly
ii.Master the skills necessary or useful in school and the competitive world.
3. To train good leaders with the moral integrity of the highest order and develop other desirable traits necessary for effective group participation or
group living essential to the new society:
a. Equipping the individual to be able to make moral choices needed in daily living,
b. Offering group participation/experiences such as intramurals, extra-murals, and different sports activities.
4. To develop creativity and innovativeness inspired by an abiding faith in God and love of country and fellowmen.
5. To instill a love of and pride for our rich cultural heritage and strive for their preservation and develop an understanding of the culture of others for
a feeling of international brotherhood and unity.
Analysis
What can you say about our discussion?
How did you come up with those answers?
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Abstraction
We have learned the definition, objectives, and purpose of physical education. So again, what is the meaning of physical education?
What are the different objectives of physical education?
What are the functions of physical education?
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Application
Develop a simple objective and purpose of sports and physical education.
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REFLECTION
Think about this: Physical education helps a person develop in a holistic way.
