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Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Exam 2

This document contains three thermodynamics problems involving processes like expansion in a turbine, compression of CO2, and a household refrigeration cycle. Problem 1 involves steam expansion in a turbine and determining stream properties. Problem 2 involves using a CO2 pressure-enthalpy diagram to analyze a two-stage compression process. Problem 3 involves using a refrigerant pressure-enthalpy diagram to model a refrigeration cycle with freezer and refrigerator sections.

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94 views1 page

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Exam 2

This document contains three thermodynamics problems involving processes like expansion in a turbine, compression of CO2, and a household refrigeration cycle. Problem 1 involves steam expansion in a turbine and determining stream properties. Problem 2 involves using a CO2 pressure-enthalpy diagram to analyze a two-stage compression process. Problem 3 involves using a refrigerant pressure-enthalpy diagram to model a refrigeration cycle with freezer and refrigerator sections.

Uploaded by

PM SH
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

10.

213 Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics


Spring 2002
Exam 2

Problem 1 (35 points)


High pressure steam (stream 1) at a rate of 1000 kg/h initially at 3.5 MPa and 350 ºC is expanded
in a turbine to obtain work. Two exit streams leave the turbine. Exiting stream 2 is a 1.5 MPa and
225 ºC and flows at 100 kg/h. Exiting stream 3 is at 0.79 MPa and is known to contain a mixture
of saturated vapor and liquid. A (negligible) fraction of stream 3 is bled through a throttle value
to 0.10 MPa and is found to be 120 ºC (stream 4). The measured output of the turbine is 100 kW.

a) Determine the temperature and quality of stream 3.


b) Determine the rate of heat transfer into or out of the turbine during its operation.

Problem 2 (30 points; 4 points for each except 6 points for e)


The following questions use the attached P-H diagram for CO2.
a) Determine the critical temperature and pressure for CO2.
b) Determine the temperature and pressure of CO2 at its triple point.
c) Estimate the residual enthalpy for CO2 at 1000 psia and 180 ºF using the provided P-H
diagram. Generalized correlations should not be used.

A flow process produces CO2 as 75 mol % liquid CO2 and the rest vapor at 60 ºF for use in fire
extinguishers. In this process, CO2 at 20 psia and 60 ºF is compressed in two steps: first to 100
psia and then to its final pressure. The gas is cooled to 60 ºF before entering the second
compressor. The compressors both operate adiabatically and reversibly.
d) Draw a scheme for this process in your blue book and note its path on the included P-H
diagram for CO2. Number the various streams using the same numbering.
e) Estimate the amount of work required in the process and the required cooling.
f) If the two compressors had efficiencies less than 1, would the i) amount of required work and
ii) the amount of required cooling increase, decrease or stay the same as in e)?
g) If a liquid CO2 fire extinguisher (75 mol % liquid CO2 and the rest vapor) stored at 60 ºF is
discharged at atmospheric pressure (14.7 psia), what phases are generated and what is the
dominant phase?

Problem 3 (35 points)


A household refrigeration unit using tetrafluoroethane as refrigerant includes two compartments:
the freezer section (colder) and the refrigerator section (less cold). To generate regions of two
temperatures, the unit incorporates two throttle valves. Consider a refrigeration unit where the
freezer temperature is –20 ºF, the refrigerator temperature is 40 ºF, and the condensation
temperature for exchanging heat into the room is 100 ºF. The compressor operates with an
efficiency of 0.5.
a) In your blue book, draw the process and number all streams.
b) On the included P-H diagram, draw the process assuming that two-third of the heat is
absorbed in the freezer section and the remainder in the refrigerator section. Number the
various streams using the same numbering as in a).
c) What are the highest and lowest temperatures in the process?

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