AND WORK
“What do you want to be when you grow up?”
Why focus on Career development and Work
Values?
The relationships between vocational
guidance and it’s changing contexts
How it reinforces its emerging
role in human development
across national boundaries.
Chaos Theory of Careers
(Pryor & Bright, 2011)
A theoretical approach which linked the psychology of career
development with the broader currents of contemporary scientific
thinking in general.
It explains how fundamental concepts such as non-linearity,
emergence, systems thinking, attraction, unplanned change,
chance and aperiodicity, could be applied to work and career
development to produce new insights for theory, research,
assessment and counselling in the field.
International Study says…
A study by the coaching firm Fairplace (2012) of just over 2,000 employees
indicates that almost two in five British workers (39%) have never had a
career conversation with their line manager, over a quarter (26 % ) have no
long-term career plan, and only one in ten (11 %) feel that they have the
opportunity for long-term development within their current organization.
One study of careers in the high-tech sector suggesting that
formal and informal organizational policies are especially likely
to adversely impact on women’s managerial career aspirations
(Cross and Linehan, 2008).
In the Philippines…
Philippines Q3 Jobless Rate Surges to Unemployment Rate
10%
The unemployment rate in the
Philippines jumped to 10.0 percent in
2018 2.34%
the September quarter 2020 from 5.4 2017 2.55%
percent in the same quarter a year
earlier, amid the economic downturn 2016 2.71%
caused by the coronavirus crisis. The
number of unemployed persons surged 2015 3.07%
by 2.13 thousand to 4.57 million.
2020-09-03 ( National Statistics Authority)
WHAT IS CAREER
DEVELOPMENT?
Providing effective career management and career
development programs is a critical challenge for twenty-first
century human resource practitioners and business leaders
A partnership approach offers one possibility as this entails
employers supporting employees to develop the skills they
need tomorrow, but within a context that appreciates that
individuals are different and will have diverse expectations
and requirements from a career (Cedefop, 2008; Chartered
Institute of Personnel and Development, 2011; King, 2004)
Meeting the challenge of balancing the organisational
and individual positions in career management and
career development initiatives will become even more
important as working patterns continue to evolve in
our globalised world.
To reflect contemporary conceptualisations of careers within
the globalized labour market, research might usefully be
conducted with underrepresented groups and within a variety
of work experiences (Arnold and Cohen, 2008; Mulhall, 2011;
Sullivan and Baruch, 2009)
WORK VALUES
Beliefs pertaining to desirable end-states (e.g. high
pay) or behaviour (e.g. working with people)
From the viewpoint of the theory of basic human values,
work goals or values are specific expressions of general
values in the work setting.
THREE TYPES of WORK VALUES
1)intrinsic or self-actualization
values,
2)extrinsic or security or material
values,
3)social or relational values
(Borg, 1990)
Intrinsic work values directly express openness to change
values—the pursuit of autonomy, interest, growth, and
creativity in work
Extrinsic work values express conservation values; job security
and income provide workers with the requirements needed for
general security and maintenance of order in their lives
Social or interpersonal work values express the pursuit of self-
transcendence values; work is seen as a vehicle for positive
social relations and contribution to society.
WHAT IS OUR ROLE AS FUTURE VALUES
TEACHERS?
As agents of social change- It is our role
as teachers to guide our students on how
to identify and chose the careers that
match them to help them achieve their
career goals (Chikuta Kwamboka & Kambikambi, 2007)
To provide interventions that enhance the
ability of all individuals to love and to
work in a meaningful way.
(O'Brien, 2001).
To teach students the self
concept that
“Work is a way of life”
Knowing oneself, Career planning,
Career Pathing, Career Guidance,
Career Counseling, Career Coaching
are all integrated in the DepEd
curriculum.
Vs.
An individual’s work-related and other
relevant experiences, both inside and
outside of organizations that form a
unique pattern over the individual’s
lifespan (Sullivan and Baruch, 2009)
An occupational career is the sequence or
combination of occupational positions held
during the course of a lifetime (Super (1980)
‘A succession of related jobs, arranged in a
hierarchy of prestige, through which persons
move in an ordered (more-or-less predictable)
sequence (Wilensky, 1961)
Sample Careers:
engineer, carpenter, doctor, veterinary
assistant, cashier, teacher, and hairstylist
VOCATION
Frank Parson- The Father of Vocational Guidance
Job
A job refers to a specific role/position.
WORK Any sort of mental or physical
activity carried out in order to
accomplish a result or product.
activities/effort
Career -
WORK a job or series of related jobs that you do
References:
Arnold, J. and Cohen, L. (2008), ‘The Psychology of Careers in Industrial and Organizational Settings:
A Critical but Appreciative Analysis’, International Review of Industrial and Organizational
Psychology, 23: 1–44.
Cedefop (2008), Career Development at Work: A Review of Career Guidance to
Support People in Employment, European Centre for the Development
of Vocational Training, Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications
of the European Communities, 151: 1–135, available from: <http://
[Link]/en/Files/5183_EN.PDF>.
Chikuta, S., Kwamboka, P., & Kambikambi, C. (2007). Counselling for Caregivers
.
Cross, C. and Linehan, M. (2008), ‘Organisational Barriers and the Female Managerial Career:
Some Empirical Evidence from Ireland’, Journal of Workplace Rights, 13(3): 245–258
Hopson, B., & Hayes, J. (2014). The theory and practice of vocational guidance: A selection of readings.
Elsevier.
[Link]
uidance&ots=uFzoHJL3ZY&sig=ypOq4D52pt46R5e5ihULDiYz5c&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=meaning%20of%20vocati
onal%20guidance&f=false
Jones, L. K. (1994). Frank Parsons’ Contribution to Career Counseling. Journal of Career
Development, 20(4), 287–294. [Link]
O'Brien, K. M. (2001). The legacy of Parsons: Career counselors and vocational
psychologists as agents of social change. The career development quarterly, 50(1), 66-76.
[Link]
Pryor, R. G., & Bright, J. E. (2007). Applying chaos theory to careers: Attraction and
attractors. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 71(3), 375-400.
