PHI 2113 Introduction to Philosophy
Chapter 2 – The Pre-Socratics
Study Questions
T = Textbook; L = Lecture Notes Page 1 of 3
Example = p. 4T = page 4 from Textbook and p. 2L01 = page 2 from Lecture Note 01
Circle the correct answers below. Once you have answered each of the following questions, you will be ready to take the chapter
quiz.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What does the branch of philosophy called
metaphysics study? (p.20T) 7. What is the cause of change for Empedocles? (p.
A. Knowledge 28T)
B. God A. Nous
C. Beauty B. Condensation and rarefaction
D. Being C. Logos
D. Love and strife
2. What does the branch of philosophy called
epistemology study? (p.20T) 8. What did Anaxagoras do? (p.29T)
A. Knowledge A. He introduced the matter/mind distinction to
B. Being philosophy
C. Good and Bad B. He thought that the basic particles were
D. Politics indivisible
C. He held that there were four different kinds of
3. What are Thales, Anaximenes and Anaximander particles
collectively known as? (pp. 22-24T) D. He believed that the particles were always in
A. The Atomists motion
B. The Pythagoreans
C. The Milesians 9. What did the Atomists do? (p.30T)
D. The Particle Theorists A. They rejected the void
B. They rejected determinism
4. According to Theano, what did Pythagoras claim? C. They believed that the basic particles were
(p.25T) infinitely divisible
A. Numbers are unreal D. They held that all things are composed of
B. An intimacy between things and numbers physical atoms
C. Everything is made out of numbers
D. Reality is totally material 10. Which is a theme common to all the pre-
Socratics? (p.33T)
5. What was the essence of reality for Heraclitus? A. Nothing changes
(p.26T) B. Everything is made of particles
A. Change C. The experienced is a manifestation of a more
B. Permanence fundamental underlying reality
C. Water D. True reality is unknowable
D. Apiron
6. What is reality according to a follower of
Parmenides? (p.27T)
A. Everything changes
B. Being does not change
C. Many things change
D. Nonbeing change
PHI 2113 Introduction to Philosophy
Chapter 2 – The Pre-Socratics
Study Questions
T = Textbook; L = Lecture Notes Page 2 of 3
Example = p. 4T = page 4 from Textbook and p. 2L01 = page 2 from Lecture Note 01
TRUE/FALSE 6. Heraclitus thought that opposites, like hot and
1. Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that cold, were in some sense a harmonious union.
deals with questions about being and reality. (p. (p.26T)
20T) A. True
A. True B. False
B. False
7. Zeno tried to refute Parmenides’ theory that reality
2. The Milesians all proposed material view of reality is One. (p.27T)
– air, fire, and water – fundamental kind of stuff. A. True
(pp. 22-24T) B. False
A. True
B. False 8. Empedocles believed that objects of experience
do not change but those objects are composed of
3. The term “metaphysics” comes from Pythagoras. basic particles of matter that do change. (p.28T)
(p.21T) A. True
A. True B. False
B. False
9. Each different kind of substance has its own
4. Anaximander refused to identify the basic stuff corresponding kind of particle and that each
with any observable substance, but it must be substance contains particle of every other kind
ageless, boundless, and indeterminate. (p.24T) was a doctrine of Anaxagoras. (p.29T)
A. True A. True
B. False B. False
5. According to Aristotle, Pythagoras constructed 10. The atomists believe strictly accordance with
natural bodies out of numbers. (p.24T) physical laws and did not believe in chance or
A. True free will (p.32T)
B. False A. True
B. False
MATCHING (Check the Chapter or Index/Glossary back of Textbook
Group 1 Philosophers
3. A. Anaxagoras 1. Held that water is the basic stuff of which all else in composed
4. B. Anaximenes 2. Devised clever paradoxes seeming to show that motion is impossible
5. C. Empedocles 3. Maintained that all things are composed of infinitely divisible particles;
the universe was caused by mind acting on matter
6. D. Heraclitus 4. Said that the underlying principle of all things is air
1. E. Thales 5. Held that apparent changes in things are in fact changes in the positions
of basic particles, of which there are four types: earth, air, fire, and
water. Two forces cause these basic changes: love and strife
2. F. Zeno 6. Held that the only reality is ceaseless change and
that the underlying substance of the universe is fire
PHI 2113 Introduction to Philosophy
Chapter 2 – The Pre-Socratics
Study Questions
T = Textbook; L = Lecture Notes Page 3 of 3
Example = p. 4T = page 4 from Textbook and p. 2L01 = page 2 from Lecture Note 01
Group 2 Philosophy Terms
8. A. A priori Principles 6. What are the criteria of the sameness of an entity?
9. B. Determinism 7. What are the criteria of sameness of person?
6. C. Identity, problem of 8. A proposition whose truth we do not need to know
through sensory experience and that no
conceivable experience could serve to refute
7. D. Personal identity, problem of 9. The doctrine that a person could not have acted
otherwise than as she or he did act
