GENERAL BIOLOGY 1

MIDTERM EXAMINATION
First Semester, SY 2022 – 2023

Name: _________________________________________ Score: __________________

Year & Section: _________________________________ Date: ___________________

PART I. MULTIPLE CHOICE.

DIRECTIONS: Select the letter of the BEST answer from the given choices. Ball pens are the only writing tool for the
answers, others will not be accepted. Write in CAPSLOCK the letter of your choice before each item. (70 Points.
1. What is the most basic and functional unit in life?
A. Cell B. Tissue C. Organs D. Systems
2. Which of the following statements are NOT included in the modern cell theory?
A. All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
B. Cells come from pre-existing cells through cell division.
C. The cellular DNA has the same chemical composition of all organisms.
D. Energy flows within the cells.
3. In cell viewing experiment conducted by Natsu, he found out that there is a surrounding part to which if functions as
the gateway of the cell and observes that it regulates the molecules that comes in and comes out in the cell. What
is the part described in the selection?
A. Cell wall B. Lysosomes C. Cell Membrane D. Nucleus
4. Which of the following molecules are found inside the lysosomes?
A. Lipids B. Digestive enzymes C. ATP D. DNA
5. Which of the following is mismatched?
A. Golgi bodies- packaging and sorting C. Chloroplast- site of photosynthesis
B. Nucleus – production of energy D. Vacuole- storage for water
6. Madara observed a certain cell under a compound microscope. He noted that the cell move using a certain
structure in a wave-like motion. From the selection, what cell part is described?
A. Cilia B. Flagella C. Cytoskeleton D. Pseudopods
7. Lucy, after observing a plant cell, found out that chloroplast contains the pigment which gives the green color of the
plant. From the selection, what do we call the pigment?
A. Xanthophyll B. Chlorophyll C. Carotenoid D. Fucoxanthin
8. Which of the following statement/s is/are TRUE about cell membrane?
A. It regulates the entry and exit of molecules in the cell. C. It is a double layer membrane.
B. It engulfs and digests debris of particles wandering in the cell. D. Both A and B are TRUE.
9. Most scientists announce that lysosome is the “suicidal bag of the cell”. What do you think is the reason on this?
A. Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes, when it bursts, it dissolves the other cell parts.
B. Lysosomes contain hydrogen peroxide, used for converting harmful substances to harmless.
C. Lysosomes works as the gateway for the harmful substances to get inside the cell.
D. Scientist made use of the term to add further description of the cell organelle.
10. Mavis observed that some ribosomes are intact to the endoplasmic reticulum. The attachment has a purpose to
which, the ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum functions as?
A. Produces proteins which is utilized inside the cell. C. Produces proteins which is for delivery to other cells.
B. Produces lipids use inside the cell D. Produces energy for the cell’s activities.

11. Zeref compared the centrioles of the animal cells to plant cells. He found out that centrioles of plants cells lack
asters. From the selection, what is the effect of the lacking of asters in plant cells?
A. During cell division, it undergoes aphistral process. C. During cytokinesis, cell plate is formed.
B. During cell division, it undergoes anastral process. D. Both A and C are true statements
12. Which of the following is TRUE about the difference of animal and plant cell?
A. Glyoxisomes are present in animal cell but absent in plant cell.
B. Cell wall is both present in animal cell and plant cell.
Page 1 of 5
 C. Central vacuole in plant cell while small vacuole in animal cell.
D. Animal cell does not easily burst when put into hypotonic solution.
13. Sasuke dissected a bacteria and found out that it has no nucleus but has circular DNA. What is the most
appropriate conclusion in the selection?
A. Sasuke has seen the plasmid. C. Sasuke has seen the nucleoid region of the bacterial cell.
B. Sasuke has seen the cell membrane. D. Sasuke has seen the nucleus.
14. Naruto is observing the conjugation process of a bacterial cell. One of the cells, elongated a certain structure to
attach with the other bacteria and used it to transfer its genetic material to the other bacteria. What is the bacterial
structure used in the process?
A. Fimbriae B. Pili C. Flagella D. Cilia
15. Gildarts examined a certain bacteria in his laboratory. While he is observing it, he noticed a certain protective layer
on the outermost part of the bacteria. From the selection, what bacterial structure did he saw?
A. Cell wall B. Cell membrane C. Capsule D. Plasma Membrane
16. Which is NOT TRUE about plasmid of the bacterial cell?
A. It has its own DNA. C. It has the autonomy to conduct DNA replication.
B. It is the site for energy production. D. It is an enclosed vesicle which contains DNA.
17. Which is the primary component of the cell wall of bacterial cells?
A. Glycogen B. Starch C. Cellulose D. Peptidoglycan
18. What do we call the powerhouse of the bacterial cell?
A. Mitochondria B. Mesosomes C. Plasmid D. Ribosomes
19. Which of the following is an example of a prokaryotic cell?
A. Animal B. Plant C. Fungi D. Archaen
20. What do we call changes that happen to the cell due to environmental conditions and genetic mutations?
A. Cell respiration B. Cell modification C. Cell membrane D. Cell division
21. Which of the following statement shows the commonality of the three types of cell modification?
A. Each types is composed of several proteins. C. Each modification is in its specific locations.
B. Each type is responsible for movement. D. None of the choices.
22. What do we call the modifications that happen in the inner most part a structure?
A. Lateral B. Apical C. Lateral D. Both A and B are correct
23. Which of the following is the function of stereocilia?
A. It is responsible for absorption of nutrients from the food for bodies use.
B. It is responsible for the wavelike and propeller like motion of the cell.
C. It is the structure for providing strong mechanical cell-cell attachment.
D. It absorbs the degenerated sperm cells in the epididymis.
24. Which of the following statements refers to hemidesmosomes?
A. It connects the basal keratinocyte to the extra cellular matrix for anchorage.
B. It provides a way of communication for a cell to another cell.
C. Molecules and ions cannot pass through this junction.
D. It connects a cell to another cell and uses a binding-protein called intermediate filaments
25. Where can we usually find microvilli in the body?
A. Tracheal tract B. Blood vessels C. Small intestines D. Heart
26. Which of the following statements refers to the mechanical function of the adherens junction?
A. It attaches the basal keratinocyte to external matrix C. It contracts and expands the cardiac muscles
B. It prevents the leaking of any organs in the body D. It creates a gap for molecules to pass through
27. Ulan has observed a special type of cell that has the ability to develop to any other type of cells in the organisms?
From the statement give, what could be the cell observed?
A. Cancer cells B. Stem cells C. Neurons D. Endothelial cells
28. Which of the following situation shows the function of endothelial cells?
A. The dilation of the blood vessels for the cells of the immune system to travel to the infection site.
B. The secretion of alkaline substance of the cells to neutralize the acidic environment of the stomach.
C. The transmission of the electric impulses from one cell to another for an equal distribution of information.
D. The development of any type of cells from a single cell that has specialized function in the organism’s body.
29. What type of cells in the body undergo mitosis?
A. Gametes B. Sex cells C. Somatic cells D. Zygote
Page 2 of 5
30. Which of the following events happen during interphase?
A. Duplication of DNA B. Alignment of chromosomes C. Cleavage furrow D. Condensing of chromatin
31. Which of the following statement/s is/are true about cell cycle?
A. Cells can permanently stop midway in the cell cycle and not complete the cycle.
B. Cell’s DNA can be replicated after cell division.
C. Cell organelles are not necessarily replicated before the start of mitosis.
D. Homologous chromosomes have same length and height.
32. What is the situation when the cell is arrested in G0 phase?
A. The cell has problem in the synthesis of essential proteins in the process.
B. The cells increase in size and replicates the organelles for the new cell.
C. The cells duplicate its genetic material.
D. The cell has to undergo this phase
33. Natsu observed that the chromosomes were aligned at the equatorial plate. What phase he observed?
A. Prophase B. Metaphase C. Anaphase D. Telophase
34. Gray has observed the condensing of chromatin into sister chromatids. What phase he observed?
A. Prophase B. Metaphase C. Anaphase D. Telophase
35. What phase will all the organelles, except the centrioles and chromosomes disappear?
A. Prophase B. Metaphase C. Anaphase D. Telophase
36. What structure is used as attaching site of the spindle fiber on opposite ends of the sister chromatids?
A. Mitotic spindle B. Kinetochores C. Centromere D. Chromatin
37. Which of the following comparisons is NOT correct?
A. prophase--chromosomes appear
B. telophase--spindle appears
C. metaphase--chromosomes aligned at the equator
D. anaphase--daughter chromosomes move toward the poles
38. What do we call the cytoplasmic division of a cell?
A. mitosis B. cytokinesis C. cleavage furrowing D. cell plate formation
39. In which organ will meiosis occur for the human female?
A. ovary B. testes C. liver D. pancreas
40. Which of the following statements is NOT correct when cells undergo meiosis?
A. Meiosis ensures that the chromosome number remains constant generation after generation.
B. Meiosis ensures that each generation has a different genetic makeup than the previous one.
C. Meiosis ensures that each newly formed daughter cell receives the same number and kinds of chromosomes.
D. Meiosis results in four daughter cells.
41. When homologous chromosomes come together and line up side by side, it is termed ______ .
A. crossing-over B. synapsis C. replication D. pairing
42. When does crossing-over occur in meiosis?
A. prophase I-leptotene B. prophase I-zygotene
C. prophase I-pachytene D. prophase I-diplotene
43. In ______ , pairs of homologous chromosomes line up at the equator of the spindle.
A. prophase I B. prophase II C. metaphase I D. metaphase II
44. What is the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids called?
A. cell cycle B. DNA replication C. synapsis D. crossing-over
45. What do we call the production of sperm in males?
A. spermatogenesis B. oogenesis C. mitosis D. meiosis

46. Which cell during oogenesis must be fertilized by a sperm if it is to become a mature egg?
A. primary oocyte B. secondary oocyte C. ootid D. primary spermatocyte
47. What do we call the condition of the cells of the same person but have different genetic make--up?
A. Conjunctivitis B. Mosaicism C. Down’s Syndrome D. Diabetes
48. Which of the following is a characteristic of a cancer cell?
A. It has the ability to reproduce without undergoing the process of cell formation.
B. It has the ability to resist from the process of cell cycle.
C. It has the ability to jump to another location of the same chromosome.
Page 3 of 5
 D. Both And B are correct.
49. How many chromosomes does a person suffering from turner syndrome has?
A. 45 B. 46 C. 47 D. 48
50. What do we call the moving of a gene segment to another part of the same chromosome?
A. Inversion B. Translocation C. Nondisjunction D. Deletion
51. What syndrome is characterized by the development of a female secondary characteristics of a male patient?
A. Klinefelter’s B. Turners C. Patau D. Down
52. Which of the following is characteristics of a person suffering from Patau syndrome?
A. Short stature B. Breathing Difficulties
C. Heart Defects D. Round face.
53. What is the type of diffusion which requires the help of protein channels because it allows for diffusion of large
molecules like glucose through the plasma membrane.
A. Osmosis B. Diffusion C. Active transport D. Facilitated diffusion
54. Which of the following best describes the lipid bilayer present in the plasma membrane?
A. Phospholipids in single layer with heads facing outside the cell
B. Phospholipids in double layer with heads of both layers meeting in middle
C. Phospholipids in single layer with heads facing inside the cell
D. Phospholipids in double layer with tails facing each other and heads on both side of the cell
55. Which of the following is not true of the fluid mosaic model?
A. Phospholipids may move around
B. Proteins float among the phospholipids
C. Carbohydrate chains may extend off of the plasma membrane
D. Cholesterol damages the plasma membrane
56. Which of the following describes a cell that has an equal amount of solute as its environment?
A. Hypotonic B. Hypertonic C. Isotonic D. Osmotic
57. What do we call the cell transport that happens when the process utilizes energy?
A. Active transport B. Passive transport C. Diffusion D. Facilitated diffusion
58. Which of the followings is the difference between diffusion and osmosis?
A. Diffusion is the total kinetic energy while osmosis is the travel of substance through a semi permeable membrane
B.Osmosis is the total kinetic energy while diffusion is the travel of substance through a semi-permeable membrane
C. Diffusion and diffusion is the total kinetic energy.
D. Diffusion and osmosis is the travel of substance through a semi permeable membrane
59. What do we call the diffusion with the use of channels and other mediums of transport?
A. Simple Diffusion B. Facilitated diffusion C. Osmosis D. Passive transport
60. What do we call the movement of substance from area of lower concentration to greater concentration?
A. Active transport B. Passive Transport C. Bulk transport D. Transport Mechanism
61. Which of the following is true about Simple diffusion?
A. A transport with no means of facilitation C. A transport through a semi permeable membrane
B. A transport with the use of channels D. A transport from area of lower to greater concentration
62. What will happen to a cell exposed in a hypertonic solution?
A. The cell undergoes plasmolysis C. The cell undergoes hemolysis
B. The cell undergoes bursting D. The cell undergoes no change
63. What is the equation used to illustrate a hypotonic solution?
A. Solute > solvent B. Solvent > solute C. Solute = solvent D. Solvent = solute
64. Which of the following statement explains why does the cell does not burst or shrink when exposed into isotonic
solution?
A. The solvent in its environment has greater diffusion rate than inside the cell.
B. The solvent in its environment has lower diffusion rate than inside the cell.
C. The solvent in its environment has the same diffusion rate inside the cell.
D. Nothing can explain this scenario.
65. What is the main difference between primary and secondary active transport?
A. Primary transport can transport two molecules at the same time and secondary transport can only transport one.
B. Secondary transport can transport two molecules at the same time and primary transport can only transport one.
C. Primary and secondary can both transport two molecules at the same time.
Page 4 of 5
 D. Primary transport and secondary transport can both only transport one.
66. Which of the following is mismatched?
A. Endocytosis – outward C. Exocytosis- from inside to outside
B. Pinocytosis – Cell drinking D. Phagocytosis – Cell eating
67. What is the main difference of bulk transport from all the other types of transport?
A. It does not utilize energy when transporting molecules. C. It utilizes energy when transporting molecules.
B. It transports molecules through a membrane-bound structure D. It is just the same with the other two type.
68. Which of the following is TRUE regarding pinocytosis?
A. It receives and transports large molecules. C. It transports and receives small molecules.
B. It does not accept small molecules. D. It is a special transport for large molecules of water.
69. What is the effect of too much endocytosis in the cell membrane of the cell?
A. This causes the expansion of the cell membrane C. This causes the shortening of the cell membrane
B. This causes the degradation of the cell membrane D. Nothing will happen to the cell.
70. What is the effect of too much exocytosis in the cell membrane of the cell?
A. This causes the expansion of the cell membrane C. This causes the shortening of the cell membrane
B. This causes the degradation of the cell membrane D. Nothing will happen to the cell.

A GOAL WITHOUT A PLAN, IS JUST A WISH!! - ANONYMOUS

Prepared by:

ARMANDO S. MELCHOR
Teacher 2

Checked by:

JULIETA M. DOMINGO, EdD

Secondary School Principal IV

Page 5 of 5