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Practical Organic Pharmacutical Chemistry II: Preparation of Chlorobutanol

This document provides instructions for synthesizing chlorobutanol through the reaction of acetone and chloroform using potassium hydroxide as a base catalyst. The reaction yields chlorobutanol and potassium chloride as a byproduct. The procedure involves adding acetone, chloroform, and an alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution. Potassium chloride precipitate is removed by filtration and the solvent evaporated to obtain chlorobutanol. Chlorobutanol has uses as a preservative, sedative, and local anesthetic in various pharmaceutical preparations.

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محمد رحمان محمد الدليمي
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885 views3 pages

Practical Organic Pharmacutical Chemistry II: Preparation of Chlorobutanol

This document provides instructions for synthesizing chlorobutanol through the reaction of acetone and chloroform using potassium hydroxide as a base catalyst. The reaction yields chlorobutanol and potassium chloride as a byproduct. The procedure involves adding acetone, chloroform, and an alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution. Potassium chloride precipitate is removed by filtration and the solvent evaporated to obtain chlorobutanol. Chlorobutanol has uses as a preservative, sedative, and local anesthetic in various pharmaceutical preparations.

Uploaded by

محمد رحمان محمد الدليمي
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Organic Ph. Ch.

Practice
Dr.Noor
Lab:3
Date:21/3/2023

Practical
Organic
Pharmacutical
Chemistry II

Synthesis of
Chlorobutanol

Preparation of chlorobutanol

Molecular formula C4H7Cl3O It can


be used for many therapeutic
indications.
• Bacteriostatic and antifungal used as
preservative in many injectable, ophthalmic,
ear drops and intranasal preparations.
• Sedative, hypnotic and in motion sickness.
• Local anesthetic in many painful IM injections
and dental preparations.
Physical properties:
It is a white crystalline powder found in two forms: anhydrous and hydrated, also it has
a characteristic camphor-like odor and taste. It is freely soluble in alcohol (1:1) slightly
soluble in cold water (1:125) and more soluble in boiling water but such high
temperature may lead to hydrolysis of chlorobutanol.

Preparation of chlorobutanol
It is prepared from acetone and chloroform using KOH to give chlorobutanol.
Chlorbutanol is formed by the simple nucleophilic addition of chloroform and acetone,
this reaction is base driven by potassium or sodium hydroxide. Alcoholic KOH is used
in order to accelerate the reaction towards formation of chlorobutanol
Mechanism of reaction:
The source of Cl- came from dissociation of another chloroform molecule. Firstly, we obtain white ppt of
KCl, we must get rid of it by filtration then we must evaporate alcohol to obtain chlorobutanol.

Procedure:
1. In a dry conical flask put 5 mL of acetone with 2 mL of chloroform.
2. Cool the mixture.
3. Alcoholic solution is prepared from dissolving 0.35 g of KOH in the minimum
amount of ethanol (rectified spirit about 5mL).
4. Add alcoholic solution in step 3 to the mixture of step 2.
5. Filter the precipitated KCl and wash it twice with small portions of acetone.
6. Evaporate in a water bath or on heater.

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