Vectors and Projectiles Name: Vector Addition by Components Read from Lesson 1 of the Vectors and Motion in Two-Dimensions chapter at The Physics Classroom: ttp:/www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/vectors/u3l1eb.cfm MOP Connection: Vectors and Projectiles: sublevels 3 and 4 Trigonometiic Tanctions are mathematical functions that relate the hypotenuse length of the sides ofa right triangle to the angles of the triangle. The meaning, ‘of the functions can be easily TIP remembered by the mnemonic Trigonometry SOH CAH TOA adjacent side soi Opposite Opposite ChE > Coe neg Aomnt Opposite > Sin © = Fyetoncuse Hypaunese TOA~> Tan @= 1. For the following vector addition diagrams, use Pythagorean Theorem to determine the magnitude of the resultant. Use SOH CAH TOA to determine the direction. PSAYW 2. Use the Pythagorean Theorem and SOH CAH TOA to determine the magnitucle and direction of the following resultants ra amt “i % a o ye" Img —_! 5m Rat Tne t San * Bre = lm bP 2 7S + + RY FG) > Brow Bs 22-6" poser Re B® 226° NE Re mA 22.6 SH © The Physics Classroom, 2009 erVectors and Projectiles 3. Acomponentis the effect of a vector in a given x- or y- direction. A component can be thought of as the projection of a vector onto the nearest x- or y-axis. SOH CAH TOA allows a student to determine a component from the magnitude and ditection ofa vector. Determine the components of the following vectors. wats Gs Be Pixel cos 45” : a tae 05 32" Ree 44mm Pus lam aja Lse"d he Rus tem Re = lon Rays Mn sin (1s) : Ry, Ry a Im cos (ro) ere By? 9. Fo ares yee (Bem si kat + % 4. Conse ion vector digzamsfor the dpaceent fhe. Forany angle! vc, se SOH CAH TOA to determine the components. Then sketch the resultant and determine the ‘magnitude and direction of the resultant. 2 Ie cos 30" Told » mavemed eleven, esd. tans ne SES Gti sin do” Totety y' em ype bom Belo A r@)~ * 203m Re r0r9m Olna® Tebh mover t= ee 1 eos AS? = 18,400 Toth zp mremerest- By Se + CH sinlyed) = THe Re] Ged ee 21am Re NS 20:5 EF § pet neg © The Physi Classroom, 2008 Be gseO vie + PagesVectors and Projectiles Name: Relative Velocity and Riverboat Problems Read from Lesson 1 of the Vectors and Motion in Two-Dimensions chapter at The Physics Classroom: httpd/www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/vectors/u31if.ntml hitp:/www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/vectors/u3I1g:html MOP Connection: Vectors and Projectiles: sublevel 6 (and maybe sublevel 5) 1. Planes fly in a medium of moving air (winds), providing, an example of relative motion. Ifthe speedometer reads 100 mi/ hr, then the plane moves 100 mi/hr relative to the air. But since the air is moving, the plane's speed relative to the ground will be different than 100 mi/hr. Suppose a plane with a 100 mi/hr air speed encounters a tail wind, a head wind and a side wind, Determine the resulting velocity (magnitude and CCW direction) ofthe plane for each situation. Tail Wind Head Wind Side Wind 100 mph 25 mph 100.mph 25 mph 100.mph 25 mph — > + + — 4 Flue Wind Fae Wind FEI Wind Magnitude: Magnitude: Magnitude: 95,410 ass TSmph too =a: a ess CCW birection: CCW Direction: CCW Direction: at 0° due Exot on due Each Raf Gente » 105. t mpl 62 bei (BE )= 19? tothe 2. Thesituation ofa plane moving in he medium of moving rit similar toa motorboat movingin the medium of moving water. Ina tiver, a boat moves relative to the water and the water moves felative to the sre The sults that he rrltant Velo fe boat ferent than tba’ speedometer reading, thartks to the movement of the water that the boat is in. In the diagram below, a top view of a river is ean poe starts ene west side ett side) of the river and heads a ‘ary of etectons ot tothe ater sie The river ons sath (down Match he bon headin one exanp Le mest spends tothe ncested destinations. Use eachleter once = Boat Boat ‘Destination Heading | Speed__| (A,B,C, DorE) : = ‘Wmi/hr 7 below B + => ‘Tmifhr Ee below ‘Smi/hx > Fmifh B Foskm ae —>_| 2mi/hr & peel Lofft te Ry wa mifhr p J fess Jithner treweled Nars 3. Apilot wishes to fly due North from the Benthere Airport to the Donthat Airport. The wind is blowing out of hnwest at 30 mi/hr. The Sra pane sveragesavloniy Of 8: What eon shoul the if pilot take? Use a sketch 7 age ; fol y yee Ww ei 5 ie © The Physics Classroom, 2009 “ Page 9 &Vectors and Projectiles 4, Arriverboat heads east on a river that flows north. The riverboat is moving at 5.1 m/s with respect to the water. The water moves north with respect to the shore at a speed of 3.6 m/s. a. Determine the resultant velocity of the riverboat (velocity with respect to the shore). BBL, WN am Mist GS EF a : ba FIA Vas = b, Ifthe siveris 71.0 m wide, then determine the time required for the boat to cross the river. e7Lomwids, i i X dinedkian £0 aby % a Compentd of srebvarty Vas txy® S.0"%e kevt ts Determine the distance that the boat will travel downstream. o/s sly effet) bg J cmpmrantion ¥ bine ae ne 4 ark = BLA CU) 5 SOmry 5. Suppose that the boat attempts thfssame lask of crossing the river (5.1 m/s with respect to the water) on a day in which the river currentis greater, moving at 47 m/s with respect to the shore. Determine the same three quantities -(a) resultant velocity, (b) time to cross the river, and (c) distance downstream, sure steps () Nas? 61s @ b245 © Be G5 Bon 6 Fora boat ening straight across ier des the speed at which the river flows effect he time required for the boat to cross the river? NJ Explain your answer. Orly the Bark weet melocity of Hr boat matter + The cummed Soean't aincreeee Hoe sperd Laat to went atoll since ore 7. Repeat the same three riverboat calculations fr the fllowing two sets of given quantities, PARA prewtna- ‘Velocity of boat (w.r-t. water) =3.2 m/s, East | Velocity of boat (wr. water) = 26 m/s, West Velocity of river (wart, shore) = 4.4 m/s, South | Velocity of river (wt. shore) = 4.2.m/s, South Width of river = 127 m Widih of river =96 m a. Resultant velocity: uy a. Resultant velocity magnitude = 504 7/> magnitude=— 41,9 "Yo direction = £3" S of Gat direction Fe? 3 of 1b, Time to cross river =_2 D. Time to cross river Beis © Distance downstream =__]74.7e~ |e, Distance downstream =_ 7H om © The Physics Classroom, 2009 Page 10