Scribd
Upload
6K views3 pages

Class 5 The Struggle For Independence Notes

1905 - Indian National Congress was formed to voice opposition to British policies in India. 1920 - Non-cooperation movement was launched in response to the Rowlatt Acts and Jallianwala Bagh massacre. 1930 - Gandhi led the Dandi March and launched the Civil Disobedience movement in protest of the salt laws. People boycotted foreign goods and participated in peaceful protests. 1942 - The Quit India movement was launched, calling for the immediate withdrawal of the British from India. 1947 - After years of struggle and negotiations, India gained independence from British rule on August 15th.

Uploaded by

Sohum Venkatadri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6K views3 pages

Class 5 The Struggle For Independence Notes

1905 - Indian National Congress was formed to voice opposition to British policies in India. 1920 - Non-cooperation movement was launched in response to the Rowlatt Acts and Jallianwala Bagh massacre. 1930 - Gandhi led the Dandi March and launched the Civil Disobedience movement in protest of the salt laws. People boycotted foreign goods and participated in peaceful protests. 1942 - The Quit India movement was launched, calling for the immediate withdrawal of the British from India. 1947 - After years of struggle and negotiations, India gained independence from British rule on August 15th.

Uploaded by

Sohum Venkatadri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • The Struggle for Independence

CHAPTER – 11

THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE

I. New words :
• Swaraj
• Revolutionaries
• Knighthood
• Disobedience
• Rowlatt Act
• Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
• Fiery
• Boycotted
• Swadeshi

II. Write one sentence about each of the following:


1. Khadi: Gandhiji spun cotton yarn on the charkha. This hand-spun yarn was
used to make a rough hand-woven cloth called khadi.

2. Purnaswaraj: Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhas Chandra Bose and Abul Kalam


Azad entered into the National Congress and they demanded Purnaswaraj or
complete independence from British rule.

3. Quit India Movement: In 1939 when World War II broke out the Indian
leaders declared that the Indian soldiers would help the British fight the war
only if India was given freedom. The British refused. In anger, the Congress
launched the Quit India Movement in August 1942, under the leadership of
Gandhiji and they asked the British to leave India immediately.

4. Mohammed Ali Jinnah: Mohammad Ali Jinnah was the leader of the
Muslim League. In 1940, he declared that the Muslims wanted a separate
country, Pakistan. Gandhiji and Nehru, however, were against this.
5. Revolutionaries : A person who starts or supports action to try to change the
government of a country, especially by using violent methods.
6. Boycotted : To refuse to take part in an event, buy things from a particular
company, etc.. because you strongly disapprove of it.
7. World war 1 : A war that took place between 1914 to 1918 involving many
countries from Europe, America and Asia, causing the death of about 9
million people.
8. World war 2 : Another war that took place between 1939 to 1945, involving
the many countries around the world , resulting the death of over 50 million
people.
9. Satyagraha: a form of non-violent protest in which truth is the main force.
10. Lathi-charge: to use lathis or sticks to hit people in a crowd, so as to scatter
them.

III. Answer the given Questions in 2 to 3 sentences :

1. Why was the Indian National Congress formed?

Ans. The educated Indians realised that the British were draining India of its
wealth. The British were becoming richer, while India and the Indians were
becoming poorer. This realisation united the Indians. Some of them came
together and formed the Indian National Congress so that they could voice their
opinions against the policies of the British.

2. What was the Swadeshi Movement ?

Ans. The Congress started the Swadeshi Movement in 1905 to strongly oppose
the partition of Bengal. ‘Swadeshi’ means ‘of one’s own country’. People
stopped using goods made in Britain and started using things made only in
India. The British gave in and in 1911, they reunited Bengal.

3. Describe the Dandi March and the Civil Disobedience Movement .

Ans. In 1930, the British passed the Salt Laws that banned Indians from making
salt. Gandhiji launched the Civil Disobedience Movement to protest against
this. He began this Movement with the Dandi March. He walked with his
followers to the sea at Dandi where he broke the Salt Law by making salt from
sea water. The Civil Disobedience Movement spread to all parts of India.
Schools, colleges, offices and factories were boycotted. People stopped paying
taxes. Foreign clothes and goods were burnt. The British responded by lathi-
charging the protesters and putting them in jail. But the people continued their
peaceful protest. This mighty yet peaceful struggle for independence grabbed
the world’s attention. With this, the Indian freedom struggle entered its last and
final stage.

4. Create a timeline that shows the important events of the Indian


Freedom Struggle from 1905 to1947.

Ans

You might also like