( Non-Institutional Corrections)
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only one
answer for each item by shading the space corresponding to the letter of your choice on the
answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED.
1. Probation is granted to ______ who are sentenced to a prison term of not more than
six (6) years.
A. recidivist C. fist time offenders
B. second time offenders D. senior citizens
2. The child and youth welfare code of 1974 was promulgated on December 10, 1974by
virtue of what Presidential decree?
A. P.D. 613 C. P.D. 916
B. P.D. 603 D. R.A. 9344
3. What are emphasized under the custodial model of correctional institutions?
A. r eintegration into society
B. s ecurity, discipline and order
C. r ehabilitation and correction
D. p
hysical and mental upliftment
4. What is the security classification of inmates who have two (2) or more escape records
but have served 8 years since recommitment?
A. minimum security C. optimum security
B. maximum security D. medium security
5. What is the security classification of an inmate who is criminally insane or with severe
personality or emotional disorder and is dangerous to others?
A. minimum security C. maximum security
B. optimum security D. medium security
6. ________ program employs prisoners in various product or good productions tasks.
A. agricultural C. operational
B. industrial D. administrative
7. Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A. a parolee may be authorized by the parole and probation officer to travel outside his
operational jurisdiction for a period of not more than thirty (30) days.
B. Outside travel for a cumulative duration of more than thirty (30) days within a period
of one (1) year shall be considered transfer of residence
C. I t is not mandatory for the parolee to comply with the terms and conditions
appearing in the release document
D. A parolee cannot transfer to a residence other than that indicated in the release
document without prior written approval of the board of pardon and parole
8. What is referred to as hustling inside the prison?
A. b
efriending a prison guard
B. s elling illegal commodities
C. d
oing assigned prison assignment
D. r eporting illegal activities
9. Juanito is 17 years old when he was convicted for the crime of theft. Can he apply for
probation under the adult probation system?
A. n
o, because he is entitled for parole
B. n
o, because his crime is theft
C. n
o, because he is only 17 years old
D. n
o, because he is convicted of a crim
10. It is a correctional model wherein criminals are punished because they have
infringed the rights of others and the security of the sanction should fit the seriousness
of the crime.
A. benefit of the clergy C. rehabilitation model
B. custodial model D. just desert model
11. Who among the following may have his penalty suspended under PD 603?
A. E
duardo who is 30 years old
B. P
eter who is 10 years old
C. R
onald who is 25 years old
D. J
ack who is 20 years old
12. What document is issued to a parolee when the maximum period of his prison term
has expired?
A. c ertificate of final discharge
B. c ertificate of prison term completion
C. c ertificate of final release
D. c ertificate of final release and discharge
13. It was an age of response to the industrialization, urbanization, technological change
and advancement of science that had revolutionalized the landscape.
A. age of reform C. age of correction
B. age of reason D. age of enlightenment
14. Which model underscores the assumption that criminal behavior is caused by
biological or psychological conditions that require treatment?
A. reform model C. community model
B. rehabilitation model D. medical model
15. What is the legal process that results in the removal of conviction from the official
records?
A. exoneration C. expungement
B. restriction D. mitigation
16. The judge will base the grant of probation on the report of the _____.
A. social worker C. prosecutor
B. probation officer D. police officer
17. When can a drug user or one who is in possession of drugs be placed on probation?
A. f irst time offender
B. f irst time offender and less than 21 years old
C. s econd time offender and less than 21 years old
D. s econd time offender
18. Which of the following is considered in the grant of conditional pardon?
A. g
ood conduct shown
B. d
iscipline of the prisoner
C. old age provided that he was not yet 60 years old at the time of his commitment to
prison
D. l ength of time spend in prison
19. What do you call the pathway between a two towers?
A. catwalk C. pathway
B. hall way D. none of these
20. To what penal farm were political prisoners in the 1870’s confined?
A. s ablayan penal colony
B. s an ramon prison penal farm
C. i wahig penal colony
D. d
avao penal colony
21. A married prisoner is visited by his wife and they are granted time for their marital
sexual obligations. This privilege is called?
A. conjugal partnership C. conjugal incentive
B. conjugal vacation D. conjugal visit
22. What is the movement in 1790 which held that offenders were out of touch with God
thus, they were given bibles and placed in isolation?
A. reformatory movement C. quaker reform movement
B. church reform movement D. crime prevention movement
23. Where shall Laureta be confined if his sentence is six (6) months or less?
A. provincial jail C. city jail
B. municipal jail D. new bilibid prison
24. It is a judicial action or legal disposition that allows the offender to remain in the
community subject to conditions imposed by court order.
A. commutation C. reprieve
B. probation D. parole
25. Which agency performs the evaluation of prisoners fitness and qualifications for the
grant of parole and pardon?
A. N
ational police commission
B. B
oard of pardon and parole
C. D
epartment of social welfare and development
D. N
ational bureau of investigation
26. Which of the following institutions is included under the corrections sub- system?
A. d
rug rehabilitation center
B. p
olice
C. j ails
D. d
rug enforcement units
27. The theory which affords the society or the individual who was wronged the
opportunity to impose upon the offender such suitable punishment as may be enforced?
A. retribution C. deterrence
B. reformation D. expiation
28. Who among the following may have his penalty suspended under PD 603?
A. P
ablo who is 25 years old
B. J
uan who is 10 years old
C. M
artin who is 20 years old
D. P
edro who is 19 years old
29. Sonny is convicted for a crime that carries a prison sentence of more than eight (8)
years and one (1) day. Can Sonny avail of probation?
A. N
o
B. H
e will be pardoned
C. H
e will served 1/ 2 of the sentence in jail
D. Y
es
30. The target of behavior change effort for inmate is not criminality per se but the
variety of problem behavior surrounding criminal lifestyles. Which of the following is
NOT a problem behavior?
A. a
bility to relate with others
B. a
bility to control anger and frustration
C. a
bility to logically and rationally think
D. d
eficiency in social skills
31. Which among the following are the major goals of corrections?
A. p
unishment, confinement, retribution, treatment
B. r etribution, deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation
C. d
eterrence, retribution, punishment, treatment
D. d
eterrence, punishment, incapacitation, treatment
32. Which of the following should NOT a probationer do?
A. m
ake periodic office report
B. g
o and play in a gambling den
C. w
ork regularly to support his family
D. s tay away from bad associates
33. Force is used only by correctional institutions to:
A. e xact respect
B. e nforce discipline
C. s how physical strength and power
D. p
erform assignments
34. The Supreme Court automatically reviews the cases of criminals convicted and
meted out the penalty of:
A. 1 2 years 6 months and one day
B. l ife imprisonment
C. d
eath
D. 6
years, one month and 1 day
35. Presidential Decree No. 968 established the __________ system.
A. civilian police C. juvenile justice
B. family welfare D. adult probation
36. What correctional institution houses accused persons awaiting trial?
A. rehabilitation center C. jail
B. half- way house D. prison
37. The following are identified as correctional dilemmas EXCEPT
A. a
mbivalent correctional strategies and technique
B. u
nclear statement of correctional mission
C. g
overnment support for funding requirement
D. i nadequacy of correctional personnel
38. The ________ theory in crime causation focuses on the criminal disorders,
chromosomes irregularity and abnormal brain activity.
A. psychological theory C. sociological theory
B. biological theory D. political theory
39. This was the period when concepts of liberalism, nationality, equality and
individualism dominated social and political thinking in the 18th century in England.
A. age of reform C. age of discernment
B. age of rehabilitation D. age of reason
40. What does the classical theory provide?
A. criminal behavior is inherited and therefore could be controlled by regulating the
production of families
B. criminal behavior is learned in interaction with other persons in a process of
communication
C. c rime and delinquency are symptoms of social and penalty disorders
D. t he basis for criminal liability is human free will and the purpose of penalty is
retribution
41. What correctional goal is referred to when the offender is rendered physically
unable to commit a crime in the future?
A. deterrence C. rehabilitation
B. incapacitation D. retribution
42. Under the UN standard minimum rules for the treatment of prisoners, which of the
following are the two (2) basic principles under the rules of general application to
prisoners?
1. There shall be not discrimination on grounds of race, color, sex, language, religion,
political or other opinion, national or social origin, birth or other status
2. It is necessary to respect the religious beliefs and moral precepts of the group to
which a prisoners belongs
3. The treatment of prisoners should emphasize not their exclusion from the
community, but their continuing part in it.
4. Unconvicted prisoners are presumed to be innocent and shall be treated as such
A. 2 and 3 C. 1 and 2
B. 3 and 4 D. 4 and 1
43. When does punishment have a deterrent effect?
A. p
unishment reduces the capacity of an individual to commit a crime
B. p
unishment is serious compared with the nature of offense
C. p
unishment disgraces the offender before the public
D. punishment serves as an example to the public thus, discouraging the commission of
offense
44. Who espoused the idea that criminality increases in proportion as one approaches
the equator?
A. Lombroso C. Ferri
B. Garofalo D. Montesquieu
45. This is an investigation of behavior based on subject’s responses to questions
concerning activities in which they have engaged.
A. victimization study C. social study
B. self- report study D. criminological research
46. Antonio Lava was sentenced to serve a maximum term of imprisonment of not more
than six (6) years. He applied for probation but his application will not be considered if:
1. h
e was convicted of subversion of any crime against national security or public
interest
2. he was previously convicted by final judgment of an offense punished by
imprisonment of not less than one (1) month and one (1) day and / or a fine of not
less than Php 200.00
3. h
e was previously granted probation
4. h
e was previously granted parole
A. 1, 2 and 3 C. 2, 3, and 4
B. any of those listed D. 3, 4, and 1
47. Which of the following is an open correctional institution known to be the best and
“prison without walls”?
A. S
ablayan penal colony
B. I wahig penal colony
C. S
an Ramon prison and penal farm
D. D
avao penal farm
48. Among the following factors, which would best determine the extent to which
prison functions are subdivided?
A. o
perating programs
B. a
dequacy of resources
C. i nmate population and size of the prison/ jail
D. n
umber of prison staff
49. What law is very supportive for the convicted prisoner after he completely served the
minimum sentenced of his indeterminate prison term of his incarceration can be
eligibility for his early release;
a. Executive Clemency b. PD 968 c. RA 4103 d. RA 4130
50. Aside from the name, offense committed and the court imposing the sentence, what
information about an alien offender should be reported to the Commissioner of
Immigration?
A. h
is educational background and profession
B. n
ame of his wife and children
C. h
is age, weight and height
D. h
is nationality and number of his alien certificate of registration
51. What theory provides that criminal behavior is learned in interaction with other
persons in the process of communications?
A. strain theory
B. psychoanalytical theory
C. social disorganization theory
D. differential association theory
52. How are habitual offenders who have been involved in prostitution, drugs, numbers
and shoplifting called?
A. “Punk” C. “Cool”
B. “The life” D. “Square”
53. Who said that punishment should not be more secure than necessary to deter crime
because excessive punishment is unjustified?
A. Charles Goring C. Raffaeli Garofalo
B. Robert Peel D. Jeremy Bentham
54. What idea was advocated by John Howard?
A. C
orporal punishment is more effective than other punishment
B. P
risons should be under the control of the police
C. P
ublic labor by offenders should be abolished
D. R
eformation will not occur inside penitentiary
55. When can some prisoners have disciplinary authority over their co- inmates?
A. W
hen they show “macho” image
B. W
hen they are of senior age over those to be supervised
C. W
hen they are of good behavior, more technically skilled and properly trained
D. W
hen they have grease money
56. What is the action of the court in case a probationer violated his/ her probation
conditions?
A. C
ourt revokes probation and probationer goes to prison
B. C
ourt directs probationer to re- apply for probation
C. C
ourt releases the probationer to the community
D. C
ourt orders the continuation of probation
57. You are a legislator who would like to help in the resolution of the labeling problem
of ex- convicts. Which of the following is the best legislative proposal to prepare?
A. A
bill that would expunge all criminal records pertaining to all released prisoners
B. A bill that would penalize business establishment or offices which will not accept
released prisoners as long as they qualify to the vacant position
C. A bill that would grant automatic absolute pardon to those who have served atleast
90% of their sentence
D. A bill that would grant automatic parole to those who have served atleast 80% of
their sentence
58. There are four (4) concepts of lifestyle in prison. What concept is referred to when
inmates aspire for leadership within the prison subculture and such positions and power
in the prison society?
A. disorganized criminals C. doing time
B. jailing D. gleaning
59. How do inmates know that they have letters?
A. A
n inmate trustee delivers the letters to addresses
B. A
list with mails for inmates is posted
C. I nmates with letters are called to the Jail Warden’s office
D. A
jail officer delivers the letters personally
60. The RA 4103 known as;
a. Probation law b. Executive Clemency
c. Parole d. Indeterminate Sentence Law
61. The correctional principle that “the basis of all social action must be the utilitarian
conception of the greatest happiness for the greatest number” was se forth by:
A. Montesquieu C. Becarria
B. Locke D. Voltaire
62. Female prison reform during the 19th century had the following principles EXCEPT
A. s eparation of women prisoners from male
B. s uspension of sentence
C. c ontrol of women’s prison by female management and staff
D. p
rovision for differential feminine care
63. How are inmates called when they are of low intelligence or afflicted with
psychological or physical disabilities and who have difficulty in functioning within the
prison society?
A. psychotic criminals C. adult criminals
B. disorganized criminals D. juvenile offenders
64. A convict is in a __________ if he is placed inside one (1) cell alone and without
anybody to talk to or be seen with.
A. individual confinement C. corporal punishment
B. capital punishment D. solitary confinement
65. After release from the jail or prison, when does the parolee present himself to the
parole and probation officer?
A. a
tleast one (1) month from release
B. w
ithin three (3) months from release
C. a
tleast three (3) weeks from release
D. w
ithin the period prescribed in the release document
66. One of the purposes of Adult Probation Law is to:
A. Promote the correction and rehabilitation of an offender
by providing him with personalized, community based program
B. Place the offender outside the police power of the state
C. Coordinate the workings of the agencies of the criminal justice
system
D. Foster closer relationship between the offender and the judge who
promulgated the probation order
67. Is Mario qualified for probation if his prison term is arresto mayor?
A. Y
es, his sentence is less than 6 years and 1 day
B. N
o, his sentence is 12 years
C. N
o, his sentence is 8 years
D. Y
es, his sentence is 6 months
68. Under this correctional goal, the criminal is rendered physically unable to commit
crime in the future.
A. retribution C. incapacitation
B. deterrence D. rehabilitation
69. Who among the following is a provincial prisoner?
A. a
prisoner serving a term below six (6) years
B. a
prisoner serving a term of six (6) years up
C. a
prisoner serving a term of six (6) months and one (1) day to three (3) years
D. a
prisoner serving a term of three (3) years and one (1) day and up
70. What theory in criminology states that criminals are totally responsible for their
behaviors. The stress is more in the effect of their felonious act than upon the criminal
himself.
A. classical theory C. biological theory
B. positivist theory D. physiological theory
71. Which two (2) of the following unusual offenders should be under the close
supervision of the Jail Physicians?
1. m
entally- ill
2. s ex deviates
3. i nfirm or sick
4. e scape prone prisoners
A. 1 and 2 C. 3 and 4
B. 1 and 3 D. 2 and 3
72. Who said that “criminal acts are signals of distress, signals of failures, the spasms of
struggles and convulsions of a sub marginal human being trying to make it in our
complex society with inadequate equipment and preparation”?
A. John Howard C. James Wilson
B. Karl Menninger D. Jeremy Bentham
73. The parole and probation administration administers a _________ correctional
program.
A. institutional C. integrated
B. community based D. traditional
74. Changing criminals through non-punitive means is referred to as _________.
A. retribution C. restitution
B. reformation D. rehabilitation
75. Hubert Webb was sentenced to imprisonment on September 30, 2002. OnOctober
5, 2002 the judge who promulgated the decision died. What is the effect of the judge’s
death to the service of Alfonso’s sentence?
A. H
e will have to serve his sentence
B. H
is sentence will be suspended
C. H
is sentence will nit be binding anymore
D. H
is sentence will be reduced
76. Placido was convicted to a prison term of prision correctional. Will he qualify for
probation?
A. no, his sentence is three (3) years and 1 day
B. no, his sentence is six (6) years and 1 day
C. yes, his sentence is less than six (6) years and 1 day
D. no, his sentence is more than six (6) years and 1 day
77. What was the system of money compensation in which harm could be atoned for by
a money payment to the injured party?
A. lex taliones C. wergild
B. wite D. fine
78. It is an arrangement where a prisoner goes out of the institution to attend
educational classes.
A. Vocational program C. Work Furlough
B. Guidance counseling D. study release
79. What the right to be tried in an ecclesiastical court during the middle ages?
A. inquisition C. social contract
B. benefit of the clergy D. secular prosecution
80. Prison work assignments are given to prisons usually _________.
A. a
t early morning hours
B. a
fter recreational hours
C. b
efore sleeping hours
D. d
uring middle hours of the day
81. Which among the following strategies should be developed in order to enhance
corrections in the country?
A. D
evelopment of clear vision, mission, objective
B. M
anagement of correction efficiency
C. I ntegration of correction services
D. E
ncouragement of private sector to assist correction
82. Which among the following factors are considered in petition for executive
clemency?
1. a
ge of the petitioner
2. g
ravity of the offense
3. m
anner in which offense was committed
4. p
etitioner’s institutional conduct or behavior
5. p
revious criminal record, if any
A. 2, 3, 4 and 5 C. all these listed
B. 1, 2, 3 and 4 D. 3, 4, 5 and 1
83. Joan Pamintuan was convicted of the crime of theft at age 10. What law provides
that she should be released to her family?
A. P
residential Decree No. 1184
B. P
residential Decree No. 968
C. P
residential Decree No. 603
D. R
epublic Act no. 9344
84. Who among the following prisoners is a national prisoner?
1. One who is sentenced to a maximum term of imprisonment of more than three (3)
years or to a fine of more than Php 5,000.00
2. Regardless of length of sentence, one sentence for violation of customs law or other
laws within the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Customs
3. Regardless of length of sentence, one sentence for violation of Immigration laws and
Election laws
4. One sentenced to serve two (2) or more prison sentences in the aggregate exceeding
the period of three (3) years
A. 3, 4 and 1 C. 2, 3, and 4
B. all those listed D. 1, 2 and 3
85. One of the following criminologists espoused the idea that the certainty of
punishment outweighs its severity as a deterrent against crime?
A. Cesare Becarria C. Charles Goring
B. Jeremy Bentham D. William Sheldon
86. Who was the sheriff of Bedfordshire, England whose writings served to bring about
changes that resulted in the development of the penitentiary?
A. Cesare Lombroso C. Jeremy Bentham
B. Cesare Becarria D. John Howard
87. Which of the following is encouraged to give the inmate a respite from the strain of
prison life?
A. R
eport unruly behavior of fellow inmates
B. M
aintain wholesome contact with friends and relatives through correspondents
C. P
erform prison assignments/ works diligently
D. W
rite his autobiography for others to read
88. Which of the following is exercised by executive clemency with the concurrence of
Congress?
A. probation C. pardon
B. amnesty D. parole
89. It refers to commission of another crime during service of sentence of penalty
imposed for another previous offense.
A. recidivism C. delinquency
B. quasi- recidivism D. concurso de delito
90. It is responsible for carrying out the treatment programs of the prisoners in jails.
A. Warden C. Chaplain
B. Classification board D. disciplinary board
91. Pardon cannot be extended to one of the following instances.
A. murder C. brigandage
B. rape D. impeachment
92. He introduced the “Progressive or Mark” system of penal management, which
granted privileges and good conduct time gradually culminating to the offenders release
and an improvement of the ticket of leave. Who was he?
A. S
ir Evelyn Ruggles Brise
B. A
lexander Machonochie
C. S
ir Walter Crafton
D. Z
ebulon Brockway
93. The features of this prison system were confinement of the prisoners in their cells
day and night.
A. Auburn C. Pennsylvania system
B. pre- classical D. Judea Christian theory
94. A model of correctional history that had been successful for young boys and girls in
the earlier house or refuge and training that was adopted for older offenders.
A. family model C. reform model
B. penitence model D. rehabilitation model
95. A person who is sentenced to serve imprisonment for not more than three (3) years
or to pay a fine of not more than Php 1,000.00 or both fine and imprisonment.
A. city prisoner C. insular prisoner
B. national prisoner D. municipal prisoner
96. This prison system was considered more advantageous because it had been observed
that prisoners could finish more articles when they work in groups than working alone
in their individual cells.
A. Maison de force C. Auburn system
B. none of these D. Pennsylvania system
97. What law was passed by the U.S. Congress which ended the industrial prison
movement?
A. a
law which prohibited the increase of delinquency in prisons
B. n
one of these
C. a
law which encouraged the prisoners to be more industrious in the works
D. a law which prohibited the sale of prison made articles to the public and limited their
use to government owned or controlled institutions
98. Which of the following types of jail is under the supervision of Bureau of Jail
Management and Penology (BMJP)?
A. P
rovincial jail
B. C
ity and municipal jail
C. D
istrict jail
D. I nsular jail
99. What is called as the mechanical device, contrivance or tools used to hold back, keep
in check or under control a prisoner?
A. i nstrument of restraint
B. i ron leg lock
C. h
andcuffs
D. m
etallic chains
100. Under the prison service manual, what is the prescribed color of prison uniform for
maximum-security prison?
A. blue C. yellow
B. white D. orange
