Task 2:

Electrical Inspection and Testing

procedures

Youssef Mohamed Rafaat

Faculty of Industry and Renewable Energy Technology
New Cairo Technological University

Doctor of Instrumentation and Measurement

Supervised by

Dr. Sayed Abdel-Razek

- PV Modules:-Standard Modules:-
Modules must comply with the international standards: IEC 61215 in the case of

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crystalline types, or IEC 61646 in the case of thin film types.
Modules must also carry a CE mark.
The use of Class II modules is generally recommended, and strongly recommended for array open-circuit

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voltages of greater than 120 V.

Building integrated products/modules

These products should comply with IEC module requirements as above. If no specific ‗IEC
Certificate‘ is available (eg for a one-off, bespoke product) a statement and evidence from the
manufacturer is required to prove general compliance.

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In addition, for ‘integrated products’ where the PV forms part of the building envelope (eg PV roof
tiles), proof of compliance with relevant Building Regulations may be required by the local Building
Control Inspector, eg compliance with:
● Fire resistance standards (eg BS 476- part 3)

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● Relevant wind uplift and weatherproofing standards (eg BS 6399, BS 5534, BRE Digest 489).
In future it is expected that all PV products will increasingly be covered by International standard
IEC61730: 2004 ‘Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification’.
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Note: IEC61730 Part 2 – ‘Requirements for testing’ describes the testing requirements for
photovoltaic modules in order to provide safe electrical and mechanical operation during their
expected lifetime. It addresses the prevention of electrical shock, fire hazards, and personal injury due
to mechanical and environmental stresses. It outlines the requirements of testing and is to be used in
conjunction with IEC 61215 or IEC 61646.
D.C. System – minimum voltage and current ratings
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All d.c. component ratings (cables, isolators/disconnectors, switches, connectors, etc) of the system
must be derived from the maximum voltage and current of the PV array. This must take into account
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system voltage/currents of the series/parallel connected modules making up the array. It must also
take into account the maximum output of the individual modules:
Mono- and multi-crystalline silicon modules :
All d.c. components must be rated, as a minimum, at:
Voltage: Voc(stc), Isc(stc) I x 1.15
Current: I sc(stc) x 1.25
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Note: When considering the voltage and current requirements of the d.c. system, the maximum values
that could occur need to be assessed. The maximum values originate from two PV module ratings –
the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and the short-circuit current (Isc) which are obtained from the module
manufacturer. The values of Voc and Isc provided by the module manufacturer are those at standard
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test conditions (stc) – irradiance of 1000 W/m2, air mass 1.5 and cell temperature of 25°C. Operation
of a module outside of standard test conditions can considerably affect the values of Voc(stc), Isc(stc).
In the field, irradiance and particularly temperature can vary considerably from stc values. The
above multiplication factors allow for the maximum values that may be experienced under UK
conditions.
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All other module types

All d.c. components must be rated, as a minimum, from:
a. Specific calculations of worst case Voc and Isc, calculated from manufacturer’s data
for a temperature range of -15°C to 80°C and irradiance up to 1250 W/m2
b. A calculation of any increase in Voc or Isc over the initial period of operation. This
increase is to be applied in addition to that calculated above.

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Note: Some types of PV modules have temperature coefficients considerably different to those of
standard mono- and multi-crystalline modules. The effects of increased irradiance may also be more
pronounced. In such cases the multiplication factors used for crystalline silicon modules may not

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cover the possible increase in voltage/current.
In addition, some modules have an electrical output that is considerably higher during the first weeks
of operation. This increase is on top of that produced by temperature/irradiance variation. Typically,
operation during this period will take Voc, Isc (and nominal power output) well above any value
calculated using a standard multiplication factor. To avoid oversizing for this eventuality the array
could be left disconnected for that initial period.

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- Cable sizing
Cables must be rated, as a minimum, to the voltage and current ratings derived
using the multiplication factors.
Standard de-rating factors must also be applied (BS 7671).

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Cables should be sized such that overall voltage drop at stc between the array and the
inverter is <3%.
- Design Part 2 – Earthing and Lightning Protection
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Connection of parts of a PV system to earth affects:
● The electric shock risk to people in the vicinity of the installation
● The risk of fire under fault conditions
● Transmission of lightning induced surges
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● Electromagnetic interference
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Two types of connection to earth need consideration:

a) Earthing of exposed conductive parts (eg. the array frame)
b) System earths – where an array output cable is connected to earth
The earthing arrangements recommended in this guide are based upon those given in BS 7430, BS
6651 and BS 7671.
- Applicable Standards
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Prior to the connection to the grid, the Developer/ Applicant is responsible to ensure that all solar
plant components (separately and in combination) are compliance with this grid code, as per relevant
international standards in Annex-II. The installation and performance of the power plant key
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components and functions shall be tested and verified, as required in the connection agreement.
The initial testing results shall be presented with verification of reputable independent engineering
companies, demonstrating the compliance of the solar plant with internationally recognized standards
as following:
For PV:
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a) IEC 62446: Grid connected photovoltaic systems - Minimum requirements for system
documentation, commissioning tests and inspection.
b) IEC 61724: Photovoltaic system performance monitoring – Guidelines for measurement, data
exchange and analysis
c) IEC 62305-3: Protection against lightning, part 3 physical damage and life hazards in structures.
For CSP:

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a) EN 12975: Thermal solar systems and components – Solar collectors - Part 2: Test methods
b) NREL/SR-5500-48895: Utility-Scale Parabolic Trough Solar Systems: Performance Acceptance

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Test Guidelines
c) NREL/SR-5500-57272: Utility-Scale Power Tower Solar Systems: Performance Acceptance Test
Guidelines.
d) UNE 206010: Tests for verifying the performance of solar thermal power plants with cylindrical
parabolic trough collector technology.

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e) ASTM E905: Standard Test Method for Determining Thermal Performance of Tracking
Concentrating Solar Collectors. - Latest version of applicable standard for any other technology used
(Dish, Compact linear Fresnel reflector,…) to be applied. - All the other tests for such turbines are
already covered in the Grid Code

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- List of Minimum Initial Tests
The initial tests shall include but not limited to the followings:
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a) Inverter testing according to IEC 61683, IEC 62109-1/2, IEC 62116
b) Switch gear and circuit breaker testing according to IEC 62271
c) Earthing arrangements according to IEC 60364-5-54
d) Open-Circuit Voltage (Voc) Test;
e) Short Circuit current (Isc) Test;
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f) Communication testing (as per selected communication for within the solar plant and via
simulation to remote interfaces).
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g) In the case of LSSP: monitoring and control system functional testing and for MSSP (when
applicable).
h) Performance verifications, according to best practice standards and guidelines (as mentioned
above for PV and CSP).
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IEEE Society

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IEEE, an organization dedicated to advancing innovation and technological excellence for the
benefit of humanity, is the world's largest technical professional society. It is designed to serve
professionals involved in all aspects of the electrical, electronic, and computing fields and related

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areas of science and technology that underlie modern civilization.

IEEE's roots go back to 1884 when electricity began to become a major influence in society.
There was one major established electrical industry, the telegraph, which since the 1840s had
come to connect the world with a data communications system faster than the speed of
transportation. The telephone and electric power and light industries had just gotten underway.

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Meaning of I-E-E-E

IEEE, pronounced "Eye-triple-E," stands for the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

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The organization is chartered under this name and it is the full legal name.

However, as the world's largest technical professional organization, IEEE's membership has long
been composed of engineers, scientists, and allied professionals. These include computer
scientists, software developers, information technology professionals, physicists, medical doctors,
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and many others in addition to IEEE's electrical and electronics engineering core. For this reason
the organization no longer goes by the full name, except on legal business documents, and is
referred to simply as IEEE.

Foundation of the AIEE

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In the spring of 1884, a small group of individuals in the electrical professions met in New
York, USA. They formed a new organization to support professionals in their nascent field
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and to aid them in their efforts to apply innovation for the betterment of humanity—the
American Institute of Electrical Engineers, or AIEE for short. That October, the AIEE held
its first technical meeting in Philadelphia, PA, USA. Many early leaders, such as founding
President Norvin Green of Western Union, came from telegraphy.

Others, such as Thomas Edison, came from power, while Alexander Graham Bell represented
the telephone industry. Electric power spread rapidly, enhanced by innovations such as AC
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induction motors, long-distance AC transmission, and larger power plants. Companies such
as AEG, General Electric, Siemens & Halske, and Westinghouse underwrote its
commercialization. The AIEE became increasingly focused on electrical power and its ability
to change people‘s lives through the unprecedented products and services it could deliver.
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There was a secondary focus on wired communication, both the telegraph and the telephone.
Through technical meetings, publications, and promotion of standards, the AIEE led the
growth of the electrical engineering profession, while through local sections and Student
Branches, it brought its benefits to engineers in widespread places.

Foundation of the IRE

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A new industry arose, beginning with Guglielmo Marconi‘s wireless telegraphy experiments
in 1895-1896. What was originally called ―wireless‖ telegraphy became radio with the
electrical amplification possibilities inherent in the vacuum tubes that evolved from John
Fleming‘s diode and Lee de Forest‘s triode. With the new industry came a new society in
1912, the Institute of Radio Engineers.

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The IRE was modeled on the AIEE but was devoted to radio, and then broadly to electronics.
It also furthered its profession by linking members through publications, standards, and
conferences and encouraging them to organize local sections and meetings to exchange

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information and ideas.

The societies converge and merge

Through the help of leadership from the two societies, and with the applications of its

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members' innovations to industry, electricity wove its way more deeply into every corner of
life, through television, radar, transistors, and computers. Increasingly, the interests of the
societies overlapped.

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Membership in both societies grew, but beginning in the 1940s, the IRE grew faster and in
1957 became the larger group. On 1 January 1963, the AIEE and the IRE merged to form the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, or IEEE. At its formation, IEEE had
150,000 members, 140,000 of whom resided in the United States.

Growth and globalization

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Over the decades that followed, the social roles of the technologies under IEEE‘s aegis continued
to spread across the world and reach into more and more areas of people's lives. The professional
groups and technical boards of the predecessor institutions evolved into IEEE Societies. By the
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early 21st century, IEEE served its members and their interests with 39 Societies; 130 journals,
transactions, and magazines; more than 300 conferences annually; and 900 active standards.
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Since that time, computers evolved from massive mainframes to desktop appliances to portable
devices, linked to global networks connected by copper wire, microwaves, satellites, or fiber
optics. IEEE‘s fields of interest expanded well beyond electrical and electronics engineering and
computing into areas such as micro- and nanotechnologies, ultrasonics, bioengineering, robotics,
electronic materials, and many others. Electronics became ubiquitous, integrated in everything
from jet cockpits to industrial robots to medical imaging.

As technologies and the industries that developed them increasingly transcended national
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boundaries, IEEE has kept pace. It is now a global institution that uses the innovations of the
practitioners it represents to enhance IEEE‘s excellence in delivering products and services to
members, industries, and the public at large. Publications and educational programs are delivered
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online, as are member services such as renewal and elections. By 2020, IEEE comprised over
395,000 members in 160 countries. Through its global network of geographical units,
publications, web services, and conferences, IEEE remains the world's largest technical
professional organization.
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Scheduling Project Activities

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Introduction

Project planning is the process of quantifying the amount of time and type and size of
inputs (human and economic resources) for a project. The output of the project planning
process is an activity plan that a project manager can use to track the project’s progress

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to achieve results. Therefore the project plan forms the basis for all management efforts
associated with the project. In the intervention logic of the logical framework the activity
plans permits to measure the efficiency of the project.

During the formulation of the project Proposal, a list of main activities is presented in the

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matrix of the Logical Framework, their scheduling is detailed in the activity plan and their
in-depth explanation (with identification of responsibilities) is available in Part 2 the Grant
Application Form (GAF): “Description of the Project”.

As soon as the implementation phase of your project starts, it is fundamental to carry out
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a detailed activity scheduling, based on the above mentioned documents.

Detailed activity scheduling means determining the sequence and the dependency of
activities, estimating their duration and assigning responsibility and tasks.

Therefore, the action of scheduling activities is related with 3 key elements:

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The logical framework
Responsibilities between Partners
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Ability to define priorities and dependencies

To ensure a consistent and transparent scheduling of activities to be carried out by the

partnership, we suggest to make an extensive use of conference calls (e.g. via video
conference with VoIP systems such as “Skype”) to facilitate exchange of ideas between
project Partners or – which is advisable – to dedicate a special moment during your
project kick-off meeting.
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Scheduling activities step by step

Step 1 - List the Activities

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If the Logical Framework matrix included in the project is complete enough, the
activities identified in it represent a summary of what the project must do in order
to deliver project results and it is then possible to further develop aspects like timing,
dependency and responsibility using the preferred activity scheduling format (or Gantt
chart).
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Please note that if a work package approach has been chosen in designing the project,
the main activities identified through the Logical Framework table should correspond to
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the tasks listed in the work packages and to the ones listed in the Action Plan included in
the Description of the project annexed to the Grant Contract 1.

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Starting from the detailed Action Plan, the Activities for the on-going year may be
specified more in detail (e.g. at monthly and weekly level of their expected timing). The
subsequent years can be left at a less detailed level (to within a month or a quarter).

When planning project activities, the partnership must be aware of the rules concerning

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the location of activities.

As a rule projects activities must take place in one or more of the eligible regions2.

Project activities can take place in adjoining regions3 only in case of participation of
Partners from those areas, provided that the activities are necessary for the success of

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the project and for the benefit of the Programme area.

Participation in activities organised outside the area concerned by the project but
included in the list of eligible regions of the Programme is allowed.
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The planning of activities (e.g. seminars, conferences, etc.) which take place outside the
Programme eligible regions is not allowed. In case such activities have been planned and
described in Part 2 of the Full Application Form (“Description of the Project”) the relevant
paragraph will be deleted or modified during the negotiation process.

A special case is the participation in events organised by third parties outside the
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Programme eligible area, where the location of the event is something the Beneficiary
and Partners cannot influence (e.g. an annual event organised by the European
Commission in Brussels). In this case, as long as the participation in such events
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(seminars, trainings, conferences, study trips, etc.) is relevant to the rationale of the
project and is essential to achieve its objectives, it could be considered as eligible for
financing. The participation will however have to be duly justified.

Step 2 - Break Activities Down into Manageable Tasks

The list of activities included in the “Description of the Project” should be broken down
into sub-activities or tasks, so that they are sufficiently simple to be easily organised
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and managed. The technique is to break down an activity into its sub-activities, and
then to take each sub-activity and break it down into its tasks. Each of these tasks will
be assigned to an individual or a team within the partnership and it will become their
short-term goal (see Step 8).
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It is advisable to avoid breaking down the activities into too much detail: the analysis
should stop as soon as the planner has sufficient detail to estimate the time and
resources required, and the person responsible for actually doing the work has
sufficient instructions on what has to be done.
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Step 3 - Clarify Sequence and Identify Dependencies

Once the Activities have been broken down into sufficient detail, they must be related to

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each other to determine their:

sequence: in what order should related Activities be undertaken?

dependencies: is the Activity dependent on the start up or completion of any other
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Activity?
Dependencies may also occur between otherwise unrelated activities that will be
undertaken by the same person or Partner (i.e. the person may not be able to complete
both tasks at the same time).

The organization of a seminar, with the support of external speakers can be an example

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common to many projects financed by the ENPI CBC Programme. The organization of
the event can consist of different sub activities, namely:
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“Speakers”, that can be subdivided in 4 sequential tasks: selection, contact,

budget definition and signature of the contract

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“Venue”, which include drafting of a requirement list, search of the place,
budgeting, selection, contract signature and layout of the meeting room
“Agenda”, composed by drafting, validation and distribution
“Handout”, which include the contribution from/by the speakers and can vary in
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function of the techniques adopted for the seminar (i.e. small thematic work
groups, plenary session).
“Audio/Video”
“Supporting staff ”
“Final products”, i.e. Memorandum, minutes.
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The logical sequence tells us that the organization of the venue is linked to the presence
of the speakers, as well as the identification of the most suitable techniques for training
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and the material to be used (handout, audio/video, ...). The list of requirements for the
venue should take in consideration the characteristics of the event, the estimated number
of participants, their needs in terms of transport, overnight stay, ... The agenda can be
prepared only when the venue and the speakers have been identified and the speakers
have estimated the duration of their speeches or training sessions. For each activity one
or more responsible should be identified, considering where multi tasking can occur or
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can be detrimental to the effective organization and implementation of the seminar.

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Step 4 Estimate Start-up, Duration and Completion of Activit ies

In order to put the activity in a time frame , a realistic estimate of the duration of each
task should be made, and then it should be built into the activity plan to establish likely
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start-up and end dates . To ensure that the estimates are at least realistic, it is
necessary to consult those who have the necessary technical knowledge or experience.

One of the most common problems arising in the preparation of activity plans is to
underestimate the time required. This can happen for a number of reasons:
essential activities and tasks have been overseen
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the interdependence of Activities has not been considered enough carefully

the workload on the same human or physical resource has not been considered
(i.e. one cannot schedule the same person or piece of equipment to do two or
more things at once)
 rapid results have been (too optimistically) declared

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time necessary for procurement of services, supplies or works has not been taken
into account or underestimated

Step 5 - Summarise Scheduling of Main Activit ies

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Having specified the timing of the individual tasks that make up the main Activities, it is
useful to provide an overall summary of the start-up, duration and completion of the
main activity itself.

Step 6 – Define Milestones

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Milestones are key events that provide a measure of progress and a target for the
project team to aim at. Normally a milestone is the end of a stage that marks the
completion of a work package or phase, typically resulting in an event and a deliverable4.
The simplest milestones are the dates estimated for completion of each Activity – e.g.

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training needs assessment completed by January 20 1X. M i lestones are extremely useful
for the monitoring and reporting of the project implementation.

Step 7 – Define Expertise

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Once the tasks have b een defined it is possible to specify the type of expertise required
and to check if the action plan is feasible, given the human resources available. To define
expertise the questions to answer are the following:

What are the capabilities and skills needed?

Can the tasks actually be performed by the human resources at hand or a review
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is necessary?

Step 8 – Allocate Tasks Among Partners’ Teams

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Allocating tasks implies assigning responsibilit ies for the achievement of milestones
and in the long run of project results. Task al location should take into consideration the
capability, skills and experience of each Partner and member of the team and its
accountability face to the Beneficiary’s project manager. When delegating tasks to
team members, it is important to ensure that they understand what is required of them. If
their tasks are not clear, it means that the level of detail with which the relevant tasks are
specified may have to be increased and it is necessary to run Step 2 again.
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Reviewing of project activities

Reviewing the project planned activities can become necessary in any moment of the

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project life cycle.

During the kick-off meeting project Partners can be asked to indicate to what extent there

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have been changes in the situation in relation to the activities and/or results they are
responsible for and discuss:

The validity of the assumptions in the project logical framework

The feasibility of the activities and results in the project logical framework

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The Partners should discuss whether it is (still) possible to do all the activities the same
way they were planned to achieve the expected results.
The Beneficiary and its project Partners should:

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Discuss the changes in circumstances and their possible consequences (this may
also lead to changes in other activities).
If necessary, adjust the project planning (minor changes: reallocate resources –
financial of human- re -allocate tasks)
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Check the consequences of any change, keeping in mind that if one activity
changes, this may also lead to changes to other activities

In all these cases, the Beneficiary informs the JMA and JTS in writing and consults them
in order to verify whether the changes in the project planning will lead to an amendment
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to the Grant Contract or not.
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BUILDING PLAN REVIEW PROCESS

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Before construction of a project in the City, plans must be submitted, reviewed, and approved by certain city
and county departments, depending on jurisdiction, to ensure that all requirements for construction are
being met.

1. Activities Subject to Plan Review – The following activities are required to follow the plan review process

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before work can begin on the project:
a. Construction of new non-residential or multi-family buildings or structures, above or below grade.
(New industrial, commercial and multi-family developments)
b. Expansion of existing non-residential or multi-family buildings or structures, above or below grade.

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(Additions to industrial, commercial and multi-family developments)
c. Conversion of existing residential building to a non-residential or multi-family use. (Converting a
house into an industrial, commercial or multi-family use)
d. Alteration of any existing non-residential structure to accommodate business or any Code
requirements. (Adding, removing or moving walls, fixtures, doors, or changing roof line)
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2. Plan Review Application Is Filed – To begin the plan review process, the Applicant shall submit the
following to the Inspection Services Division:
a. A complete Plan Review application shall be paid for and signed by the applicant. ($100.00 for all
structures up to 5,000 sq. ft. For all structures over 5,000 sq. ft., the fee will be 10% of the building
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permit fee.)
b. An electronic version of architectural floor plan drawings, stamped and signed by the Architect, with
cover sheet, detailing type, size, current codes*, protection, height, use and occupancy of the
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structure. The plans should also include footing, steel, trusses, etc., as well as electrical, plumbing
and heating and air conditioning plans stamped and signed by the Engineers. See Required PDF Specs
for Plan Submittal below.
c. Elevation Plans, including type of exterior covering and colors.
d. A digital copy of the complete plans will be required on a flash drive.
e. A completed City of Gainesville Special Inspections Testing agreement (found on our website).
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Required PDF Specs for Plan Submittal

• All files must be in PDF file format
• Include a table of contents when exporting/publishing to the PDF index page (ex. Include “Create
bookmarks”) settings in AutoCAD
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• When formatting the table of contents, include the Sheet Number then the Sheet Title.
• Do not use encrypted or password-protected files.
• All layers in the PDF will need to be flattened (including seals, signatures, notations).
• Arrange plans in a landscape page view.
• Make sure sheet numbers are unique and consistent for each version of submitted plan pages.
• Make sure the sheets are combined into one PDF and not submitted as individual sheets.
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Incomplete Submittals will be returned to the Applicant.

NOTE: If the structure falls under the State Fire Marshal Jurisdiction, their office will charge a fee for the State
Fire Marshal Plan Review. Please submit a copy of the stamped, approved Fire Marshal plans.
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4. Plan Review Schedule
• The weekly plan submittal deadline is Tuesday at noon. Plans submitted by this deadline will be
scheduled for routing to City Departments.
• The plans are reviewed for compliance with the codes which is normally a three-to-four-week
process.

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• Due to the complexity and/or size of some projects, they may take longer than the normal review
time to complete.
• Any issues, comments or corrections noted on the plans will be forwarded to the Applicant.

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(Applicants are asked to provide an e-mail address where they can be contacted.)
• All corrections and areas of non-compliance will need to be addressed and resubmitted to the
Plan Review Examiner electronically using the required PDF specs.
• When all City Departments have approved, stamped and signed off on all plans, a building permit
may be issued.

5. Building Permit
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• The General Contractor (GC) will need to pick-up the permit and pay all the necessary fees. If the
GC has not provided their License information for permitting, he will need to contact the Permit
Office. The GC will be sent an electronic set of approved, stamped plans for construction. The
Contractor must print a set to be kept on the job site at all times for the duration of the
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construction. The permit card issued shall be posted in a conspicuous location visible from the
street at the entrance of the project.
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• After the GC has obtained the building permit, the Subcontractors shall be able to obtain their
perspective permits.

NO WORK SHALL COMMENCE PRIOR TO THE BUILDING OFFICIAL APPROVAL, STAMPED PLANS HAVE
BEEN ACCEPTED AND A BUILDING PERMIT HAS BEEN ISSUED.

* The City is under the following codes:

• INTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODE 2018

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• INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL CODE 2018 for One- and Two-Family Dwellings

• INTERNATIONAL FIRE CODE 2018
• INTERNATIONAL PLUMBING CODE 2018
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• INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL CODE 2018

• INTERNATIONAL FUEL CODE 2018
• INTERNATIONAL ENERGY CODE 2015
• NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE 2020
• INTERNATIONAL PROPERTY MAINTENANCE CODE 2018
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ALL OF THE ABOVE CODES HAVE GEORGIA AMENDMENTS

Reference:-

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● Technical Requirements for Connecting Small Scale PV (ssPV) Systems to Low Voltage
Distribution Networks, Jan 2014 – EgyptERA.
● IEEE Std 519-2014. IEEE Recommended Practices and Requirements for Harmonic Control in

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Electrical Power Systems.
● IEC/TR 61000-3-7 ed2.0. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3-7: Limits - Assessment of
emission limits for the connection of fluctuating installations to MV, HV and EHV power systems.
● Egyptian Transmission Grid Code (Final sections 1 to 10).
● Photovoltaic in Buildings Guide to the installation of PV systems

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● BS 7671: 2001 ‗Requirements for Electrical Installations, IEE Wiring Regulations‘, Sixteenth
Edition (incorporating Amendments), ISBN: 0 86341 373 0, www.iee.org/publish/books/WireAssoc
● IEE Guidance Note 7 - Special Locations, (2nd Edition), ISBN 0 85296 995 3,
www.iee.org/publish/books/WireAssoc

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Note: IEE Guidance Note 7 - Special Locations, Chapter 12 covers ‗Solar photovoltaic (PV) power
supply systems‘ as a ‗special location‘ as defined in IEE Regs. The guidance is based on IEC 60364-
7-712: ‗Requirements for special installations or locations – Solar photovoltaic (PV) power systems‘.
● Part P (Electrical safety) - Building Regulations, www.odpm.gov.uk/index.asp?id=1130906 Note:
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From 1st January 2005, people undertaking electrical work in homes and gardens in England and
Wales have had to follow new rules in Building Regulations. Virtually all domestic PV installations
will fall under the scope of Part P. There are two routes to comply with the requirements of Part P:
• Notify the relevant Building Control department before starting the work • The contractor registers
under a Competent Person Scheme (as approved by the office of the deputy prime minister)
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Note: An electronic version of the form is available at the Local Authority Building Control (LABC)
website www.link2content.co.uk/uploads/buildingnotice%202005%20unprotected (1).doc, and it can
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be submitted using their ‗Submit-a-Plan‘ scheme www.labc-services.co.uk/buildingregs/default.asp.

● Engineering Recommendation G83/1: Sept 2003, ‗Recommendations for the connection of Small-
scale Embedded Generators (up to 16A per phase) in parallel with Public Low-Voltage Distribution
Networks‘, (Energy Networks Association, 2003), www.energynetworks.org/dg01.asp
Note: This simplified connection route applies to ‗type tested‘ inverters for systems up to about 5kVA
per phase (see sect 2.4.1). Prior-notification of the Distribution Network Operator (DNO) is not
required for ‗single‘ installations, but is required for ‗multiple‘ single phase installations. It refers to
the Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulations (ESQCR), 2002. Draft prEN 50438
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‗Requirements for the connection of micro-cogenerators in parallel with public low-voltage

distribution networks‘ is a European version, which once issued, will also cover systems up to 16A..
● Engineering Recommendation G59/1, ‗Recommendations for the connection of Embedded
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Generating Plant to the Regional Electricity Companies‘ Distribution Systems‘, (Electricity

Association, 1991), www.energynetworks.org/dg01.asp
Note: This is the Electricity Industry Recommendation for connection of generators. It is applicable if
the inverter is not covered under G83/1.
● IEC 61215 Building Control Approval ‗Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules –
Design qualification and type approval‘, www.iec.ch
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Note: This is the International standard for crystalline PV. It specifies requirements for the design
qualification and type approval of terrestrial photovoltaic modules suitable for long-term operation in
general open-air climates, as defined in IEC 60721-2-1. It
 Standards and Norms :-

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EN 50380 Datasheet and nameplate information of photovoltaic module.
EN 50521 Connectors for photovoltaic systems Safety.
-

EN 50524 Data sheet and name plate for photovoltaic inverters

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IEC 60068-2 Environmental testing of specimen to withstand specific severities of
repetitive and non- repetitive nature
IEC 60076 Power transformers
IEC 60085 Electrical Insulation Thermal Evaluation and Designation
–

IEC 60214 1
-

Tap changers Performance requirements and test methods

-
–

IEC 60227 Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including

R
450/750 V.
IEC 60228 Conductors of Insulated Cables
IEC 60364-1 Electrical installations of buildings - Part 1: Scope, object and
fundamental principles

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IEC 60364 5 54
- -

Electrical installations of buildings. Part 5: Selection and erection of

electrical equipment. Chapter 54: Earthing arrangements and protective
conductors
IEC 60364- 5- 55 Electrical installations of buildings
IEC 60364- 6 Verification of Low-voltage electrical installations
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IEC 60502 1
-

Power Cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated
voltages from 1 kV (Um 1.2 kV) up to 30 kV (Um = 36 kV)
–

Part 1 - Cables for rated voltages for 1 kV (Um=1.2 kV) and 3

IEC 60870 5 101
- - -

Transmission Protocols
IEC 60904-1 Photovoltaic devices: Part 1 Measurement of Photovoltaic current-
h
voltage characteristics
IEC 60909 1 Short circuit calculation in three phase ac systems.
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- -

IEC 60947 Connectors for photovoltaic systems Safety.

-

IEC 61000- 3- 3 Limits Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker
–

in public low-voltage supply systems, for equipment with rated current

≤ 16 A per phase and not subject to conditional connection
IEC 61000 3 7
- -

Assessment of emission limits for the connection of the connection of

fluctuating installations to MV, HV and EHV power systems.
IEC 61000- 6-1 Generic standard -EMC - Susceptibility - Residential, Commercial and
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Light industry
IEC 61000- 6- 3 Generic standard - EMC - Emissions - Residential, Commercial and
Light industry
IEC 61215 Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules Design
-
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qualification and type approval

IEC 61439 Low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies
-

IEC 61683 Photovoltaic systems Power conditioners Procedure for Measuring

- -

Efficiency
IEC 61724 Photovoltaic system performance monitoring Guidelines for
–

measurement, data exchange and analysis

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IEC 61727 Photovoltaic (PV) systems - Characteristics of the utility interface

IEC 61730 Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification
IEC 61836 Solar photovoltaic energy systems - Terms, definitions and symbols

at
IEC 61850 Design of electrical substation automation
IEC 61853-1 Photovoltaic (PV) module performance testing and energy testing –
Part 1: Irradiance and temperature performance measurements and

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power rating
IEC 62056 DLMS/COSEM Standards
IEC 62093 Balance-of-system components for photovoltaic systems
IEC 62109 -1/2 Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic power systems
IEC 62116 Test procedure of islanding prevention measures for utility-
interconnected photovoltaic inverters.

R
IEC 62271 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear
IEC 62305-3 Protection against lightning, part 3 physical damage and life hazards in
structures
IEC 62446 Grid connected photovoltaic systems - Minimum requirements for

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system documentation, commissioning tests and inspection
IEEE 519-1992 Recommended practices and requirements for harmonic control in
electric power systems
ISO 9060/1990 Solar energy -- Specification and classification of instruments for
am
measuring hemispherical solar and direct solar radiation
IEEE P1547 Series of Standards for Interconnection, May, 2003, NREL/CP-560-
34003
IEEE C37.90 IEEE Standard for Relays and Relay Systems Associated with Electric
Power Apparatus
BS 7354 Code of Practice for Design of high voltage open terminal stations
h
BS 7430 Code of Practice for Protective Earthing of electrical installations
EN 12975 Thermal solar systems and components – Solar collectors - Part 2: Test
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methods
UNE 206010 Tests for verifying the performance of solar thermal power plants with
cylindrical parabolic trough collector technology
NREL/SR-5500- Utility-Scale Parabolic Trough Solar Systems: Performance Acceptance
48895 Test Guidelines
NREL/SR-5500- Utility-Scale Power Tower Solar Systems: Performance Acceptance
57272 Test Guidelines
ASTM E905 Standard Test Method for Determining Thermal Performance of
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Tracking Concentrating Solar Collectors.

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