UNIVERSITAS ATMA JAYA YOGYAKARTA
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS
INTERNATIONAL CLASS
COVER SHEET FOR INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENTS
Program : International Business Management Program
Student Name : Benedictus Kevin Ronggoseto Student ID : 161222608
Course Title : Operation Manegement Course Code : MAN233
Instructor : Rosa Widjojo AM.Dra. MBA Stream : A
Assignment Title : summary chapter 5
Due Date : 25 October 2017
Please ensure that you have met the following requirements prior submitting your
assignment by ticking (√) the boxes
□ Submitted on A4 paper □ 1.5 spacing
□ 4 cm margin (left), 3 cm margin (top,bottom and □ Pages stapled
right)
□ Appropriate typing, spellings, and citations □ Paginated
DECLARATION
I declare that the assignment presented here is entirely my own work except where
otherwise indicated.
Student Signature Date
25 oct 2017
Product Development
Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
A process for determining customer requirements (customer “wants”) and translating
them into the attributes (the “hows) that each functional area can understand and act
on.
Organizing for Product Development
1. Research departments
2. Assign a product manager to “champion” the product
3. Product development teams
Teams charged with moving from market requirements for a product to
achieving product success.
4. Concurrent engineering
Use of cross-functional teams in product design and preproduction
manufacturing.
Manufacturability and Value Engineering
Activities that help to improve a product’s design, production, maintainability,
and use.
These include:
1. Reduced complexity of the product
2. Reduction of environmental impact
3. Additional standarizaton of components
4. Improvement of functional aspects of the product
5. Improved job design and job safety
6. Improved maintainability of the product
7. Robust design
Product Life Cycles
Introductory Phase
Still in “fine-tuned” for the market, as are their production techniques, they may
warrant unusual expenditures for research, product development, process modification
and enhancement, and supplier development.
Growth Phase
The product design has begun to stabilize, and effective forecasting of capacity
requirements is necessary.
Maturity Phase
Competitors are established (Improved cost control, reduction in operations, and a
paring down of the product line may be effective or necessary for profitabilty and
market share).
Decline Phase
Unless it has a unique contribution to the firm’s reputation or its product line or can be
sold with an unusually high contribution, their production should be terminated.
Issues for Product Design
Robust Design
A design that can be produced to requirements even with unfavorable conditions
in the production process.
Modular Design
A design in which parts or components of a prodcut are subdivided into modules
that are easily interchanged or replaced.
Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
CAD : Interactive use of a computer to develop and document a product.
CAM : The use of information technology to control machinery.
Virtual Reality Technology
A visual form of communication in which images substitute for reality and
typically allow the user to respond interactively.
Value Analysis
A review of successful products that takes place during the production process.
Sustainability and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
Product Development Continuum
Purchasing Technology by Acquiring a Firm
Joint Ventures
Firms establishing joint ownership to pursue new products or markets.
Alliances
Cooperative agreements that allow firms to remain independent, but pursure
strategies consistent with their individual missions.
Defining a Product
Make-or-Buy Decisions
The choice between producing a component or a service and purchasing it from an
outside source.
Group Technology
A product and component coding system that specifies the size, shape, and type of
processing; it allows similar products to be grouped.
Documents for Production
Assembly Drawing
An exploded view of the product.
Route sheet
A listing of the operations necessary to produce a component with the material
specified in the bill of material.
Work Order
An instruction to make a given quantity of a particular item.
Engineering Change Notice (ECN)
A correction or modification of an engineering drawing or bill of material.
Service Design
Process-Chain-Network (PCN) Analysis
Analysis that focuses on the ways in which processes can be designed to optimize
interation between firms and their customers.
The activities are organized into three process regions for each participants:
1. Direct interaction: Involve interaction between participants.
2. The surrogate (substitute) interaction: One participant is acting on another
participant’s resources, such as their information, materials, or
technologies.
3. The independent processing: Acting on resources where each has
maximum control.
Adding Service Efficiency
1. Limit the options
2. Delay customization
3. Modularization
4. Automation
5. Moment of truth
Documents for Services
Because of the high customer interaction, the documents for moving the product
to production often take the form of explicit job instructions or script.
Application of Decision Trees to Product Design
To form a decision tree, we use the following procedure:
1. Be sure that all possible alternatives and states of nature are included in the
tree
2. Payoffs are entered at the end of the appropriate branch
3. The objective is to determine the expected value of each course of action
