Tire and Wheel Assy Parts TM
Tire and Wheel Assy Parts TM
AVAILIBILITY STATEMENT – This publication is not available through the St. Louis Media Distribution Division. This publication is
available through U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command, W arren MI 48397-5000.
DISCLOSURE NOTICE – This information is furnished upon the condition that it will not be released to another nation without the specific
authority of the Department of the Army of the United States; that it will be used for military purposes only; that individual or corporate rights
originating in the information, whether patented or not, will be respected; that the recipient will report promptly to the United States any
known or suspected compromise; and that the information will be provided substantially the same degree of security afforded it by the
Department of Defense of the United States. Also, regardless of any other markings on the document, it will not be downgraded or
declassified without written approval of the originating United States agency.
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT C: Distribution authorized to US Government agencies and their contractors. This publication is
required for administration and operational purposes, as determined 16 September 1994. Other request for this document shall be
referred to U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command, ATTN: AMSTA-LC-GMM, W arren, MI 48397-5000.
DESTRUCTION NOTICE – Comply with distribution statement and destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or
reconstruction of the document.
24 FEBRUARY 2012
NMWR 9-2355-317
WARNING SUMMARY
• Tire and wheel servicing can be dangerous and must be done only by trained personnel
using proper procedures and tools. Failure to read and comply with all of these procedures
may cause you or others to be hurt or killed.
• Prior to disassembling tire for service, be absolutely certain no air pressure remains in the
tire. Serious injury or death could result if air remains in the tire during disassembly.
• For all disassembly operations, ensure tire is totally deflated before removing wheel nuts.
Wheel/rim components can separate with very large explosive force. Always stay out of the
trajectory of components. Remove valve core and exhaust all air from tire. Run a piece of
wire through the valve stem to clear any ice that may build up from the escaping air during
cold environments. Failure to do so could cause serious injury or death.
• Escaping high-pressure air from a deflating tire is loud and may cause hearing
damage. Wear hearing protection to protect against injury.
• Ensure that the correct tire gets mounted on the correct wheel hub assembly. Refer to the
Tire Parts List at the back of this NMWR. Failure to mount the correct tire to the correct
hub size could lead to serious injury or death.
• Never mount a tire on a rim that is damaged or has been repaired by welding or brazing.
Failure to comply may result in injury or death
• Never use wheel assemblies with studs or flanged locknuts which are cracked, broken,
rusted, pitted, bent, or which have loose studs or damaged, mutilated, or deformed threads.
Damaged or rusted fasteners can cause improper assembly, which could cause the
assembly to separate under pressure or could cause individual fasteners to fail. Any of
these conditions could result in serious injury to personnel.
a
NMWR 9-2355-317
• Always use a tire inflation cage for inflation purposes. Ensure the cage is securely mounted,
does not have cracked welds, cracked or bent components, or pitting from corrosion. Do not
use the tire inflation cage if signs of damage appear. If any of these are found, perform repairs
by qualified personnel or obtain a new inflation cage.
• During inflation, keep hands out of the cage and stand to the side of the cage, never directly in
front. Inflate tire/wheel assembly to recommended pressure, using clip-on air chuck and air
hose extension to allow you to stand a minimum of 10 feet (3 m) away from tire. Do not
exceed cold inflation pressure. Always monitor the tire as it is being inflated. Discontinue
inflation if signs of trouble, tire separation, or complications arise during the inflation process.
• Improper use of power equipment or use of faulty or damaged power equipment could cause
serious injury or death.
• Tire safety inflation cages should be free standing and a minimum of 3 feet away from any
object. Never permanently mount a safety cage to the floor or near a wall. Mounting an
inflation cage to the floor or near a wall prohibits expected deformation of the bottom plate and
equal dissipation of energy released in the event of tire explosion. Permanently mounting an
inflation cage to the floor or near a wall could result in failure of one or more of the bars,
release of rim components or shrapnel and/or an unwanted concentration of energy. Failure
to comply may result in serious injury or death.
• Never exceed 3 psi (21 kPa) inflation prior to placing tire and wheel assembly into inflation
safety cage or mounting on a tire change machine that has a positive lockdown device.
Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death.
• Never inflate a wheel assembly without having checked wheel locknut torques to ensure the
wheel locknuts are tightened to specifications. An assembly with improperly tightened locknuts
could separate under pressure, resulting in serious injury or death.
• Never inflate a wheel assembly with the wheel nuts removed in an attempt to separate inner
and outer rim halves. Failure to comply may result in injury or death.
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• Never hammer or pry on any type of tire and wheel assembly to correct a problem while
the tire contains inflation pressure. If the parts are not seated properly, deflate the tire
and correct the problem before proceeding.
• Rim surfaces and safety pressure relief grooves in the inner rim must be kept clean and
free of dirt. Rust and dirt could clog safety relief grooves, causing the assembly to
separate under pressure if improperly disassembled, causing injury to personnel.
• Never attempt to mount a tire of one diameter on a rim of a different diameter, or a tire
designed for a specific width rim on a rim of a different width.
• Never inflate tires over 40 psi (276 kPa) to seat tire beads. If beads do not seat, deflate,
demount, and check the tire/rim match. Mount and lubricate according to instructions.
Serious injury or death could result if these procedures are not followed.
• Completely deflate tire first before attempting any work on a damaged tire and wheel
assembly. Deflate a damaged or suspect assembly before removing it from a vehicle.
Use a safety cage to Deflate assembly not mounted on a vehicle. Never stand directly
in front of a tire that is being deflated.
• Inspect the tire for any damage or separation before entry and exit into the tire cage.
Do not inflate or remove an inflated tire from the cage if damage or separation is
evident. Completely deflate an inflated tire showing signs of damage or separation
before removing from tire cage.
• Never weld on or near an inflated or partially inflated tire and wheel assembly. Do not
rework, weld, heat or braze any wheel parts for any reason.
• Never assemble or disassemble tire and rim assembly while inflated, use inflation or
seat lockring on split rim or tire on two-piece rim, or inflate tire without a tire inflation
cage. Injury to personnel may result.
• Always inspect the tire/wheel assembly before placing into the inflation cage and
before removing from the inflation cage. Inspect to ensure that the tire/wheel
assembly is sound, secure, assembled properly, and that no signs of damage,
separation, gaps, loose parts, or abnormalities are present.
• Never remove outer flanged nut on a take apart wheel with tire inflated. Never inflate
the assembly unless all flange nuts have been properly torqued. Never inflate an
assembly having missing or loose nuts, broken bolts, or other damaged parts.
• Never use Armor-All or tire gloss on military tires. Armor-All accelerates tire
deterioration and cracking. Tire gloss hinders vehicle’s camouflage.
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*NMWR 9-2355-317
You can help improve this publication. If you find any errors, or if you would like to recommend any improvements to the procedures in
this publication, please let us know. The preferred method is to submit your DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and
Blank Forms) through the Internet on the TACOM Unique Logistics Support Applications (TULSA) Web site. The Internet address is
https://tulsa.tacom.army.mil. Access to all applications requires CAC authentication, and you must complete the Access Request form the
first time you use it. The DA Form 2028 is located under the TULSA Applications on the left-hand navigation bar. Fill out the form and
click on SUBMIT. Using this form on the TULSA Web site will enable us to respond more quickly to your comments and to better manage
the DA Form 2028 program. You may also mail, e-mail, or fax your comments or DA Form 2028 directly to the U.S. Army TACOM Life
Cycle Management Command. The postal mail address is U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command, ATTN: AMSTA-LCL-
MPP/ TECH PUBS, MS 727, 6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000. The e-mail address is
[email protected]. The fax number is DSN 786-1856 or Commercial (586) 282-1856. A reply will be furnished to you.
AV AILIBILITY STATEMENT – This publication is not available through the St. Louis Media Distribution Division.
This publication is available through U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command, Warren MI 48397-5000.
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT C: Distribution authorized to US Government agencies and their contractors. This
publication is required for administration and operational purposes, as determined 16 September 1994. Other request for this
document shall be referred to U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command, ATTN: AMSTA-LC-GMM, Warren, MI
48397-5000.
DESTRUCTION NOTICE – Comply with distribution statement and destroy by any method that will prevent
disclosure of contents or reconstruction of the document.
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5
NMWR 9-2355-317
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL INFORMATION
NMWR 9-2355-317 0001 00
GENERAL INFORMATION
This Work Package (WP) Covers:
SCOPE
This NMWR covers the disassembly, cleaning, inspection, painting, and assembly of a MRAP
Tire/Wheel Assembly. The back of this NMWR contains information on common tools used,
referenceand MRAP Wheel Assembly Parts List.
Parts, components, assemblies, or subassemblies that are found to be defective beyond limits of
repair established by this National Maintenance Work Requirement (NMWR), and/ or parts that
cannot be identified by stamping, shall be destroyed to render inoperable and disposed of
according to current directives.
Before performing any overhaul activities, maintenance technician personnel shall become
familiar with all procedures and safety messages in this NMWR.
Department of the Army forms and procedures used for equipment maintenance will be those
prescribed by (as applicable) DA PAM 738-750, Functional Users Manual for the Army
Maintenance Management System (TAMMS).
0001 00-1
NMWR 9-2355-317 0001 00
GENERAL INFORMATION (Cont)
REPORTING FORMS, RECORDS, AND REPORTS
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0001 00-2
NMWR 9-2355-317 0001 00
0001 00-3
NMWR 9-2355-317 0001 00
QUALITY OF MATERIAL
Parts and material used for replacement, repair and modifications shall meet the requirements of
the equipment drawings and specifications if standards are not provided in the NMWR. Only an
approved source of supplies will be utilized.
1. Adequate safety precautions will be provided for the performance of overhaul operations.
These precautions will include safety in work environment, selection and usage of equipment,
and procedures provided for performing all operations. Inspection, which follows completion
of overhaul procedures, will ensure equipment compliance with applicable safety standards.
2. Supplies and materials such as cleaning fluids, sealers, adhesives, oils, and other products
used in this NMWR may be dangerous or harmful if safety precautions are not observed.
Read manufacturers’ warnings and cautions on product labels before using and observe all
recommended safety precautions.
3. Ensure proper procedures are followed during lifting of heavy items. Follow all warnings and
cautions identified in this NMWR.
ECPs will be submitted using DD Form 1693, Engineering Change Proposal (Short Form).
Completed forms should be mailed directly to Commander, U.S. Army Tank-automotive and
Armaments Command, ATTN: AMSTA-LC-GMM, Warren, Michigan 48397-5000. A reply will
be furnished to you.
COST CONSIDERATIONS
This work requirement shall be the basis for establishing the extent of the overhaul while
considering cost factors. A determination shall be made on all subassemblies/assemblies to
replace a working or damaged component that is available in supply if acquisition cost is less
than the cost to repair/restore it to the NMWR standard. The cost to repair/restore any individual
item shall not exceed the standard Maintenance Expenditure Limit (MEL) of 80% (percent). For
parts/components that are not available or that exceed the MEL, a request of deviation or
exception to this MEL will be processed in accordance with ISO 9001 Series standards or
equivalent on a case-by-case basis. Submit a request for deviation or exception to the
Equipment Manager at the Department of the Army, U.S. Army Tank-automotive and
Armaments Command, ATTN: AMSTA-LC-GMM, 6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-
5000.
0001 00-4
NMWR 9-2355-317 0001 00
APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS
DEFINITIONS
2. OEM: The original equipment manufacturer. The company that originally manufactured,
fabricated, or supplied a component or part. OEM may include item manufactured by a
subcontractor for an original equipment manufacturer, provided that the name or
trademark of the OEM is shown on the item, label, or container.
3. Serviceable Part: Any part that is capable of meeting or exceeding the minimum OEM
standard for performing the function for which it was originally desired.
4. Non-serviceable Part: Any part that no longer meets minimum OEM standards.
6. Directional and non-directional tires: Directional tires have tread patterns which can
only rotate in one direction. Mounting a Directional tire the improper direction may result
in severe tire damage. Directional tires have an “arrow of rotation” marked on the tire’s
sidewall. Non- directional tires can be mounted with the tread pattern rotating in either
direction with no damaging consequences to the tire.
7. Bolt-Together Rim: A tire with the wheel rim and clamp rim secured by self-locking nuts.
8. Tire Inflation Cage: A metal-bar cage (in approved condition) that houses and contains
the tire/wheel assembly during inflation or deflation.
0001 00-5
NMWR 9-2355-317 0001 00
• Read all WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, and NOTES the Work Packages and the
WARNING SUMMARY in the front of this NMWR before performing procedures.
You will perform an analysis of the wheel assembly prior to any work being done to determine the
level of repair necessary and the work required to return the wheel assembly to a serviceable
condition issuable without restriction.
Wheel assemblies must maintain the same wheel and tire interface to the identified vehicle as the
original equipment wheel assembly.
0001 00-6
NMWR 9-2355-317
CHAPTER 2
MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS
NMWR 9-2355-317 0002 00
WHEEL DISASSEMBLY
GENERAL INFORMATION
Description: The repair facility will provide all components of the wheel assemblies which may
include tire, wheel, tube, flap, valves, run flat devices, or wheel assembly kit components as
needed.
You will disassemble, repair, or replace the components of the wheel assembly adhering to the
guidance contained in this National Maintenance Work Requirement (NMWR).
You may cannibalize only serviceable runflat parts from assemblies turned in for replacement
due to tread wear.
INITIAL SETUP
Tools
Wheel assembly tool: NSN 4910-01-218-4490
Standard Automotive Tool Set (SATS): NSN 4910-01-490-6453
Forward Repair System (FRS): NSN 4940-01-463-7940
Tire Changer (Replaces the Bishman): NSN 4910-01-370-9855
Detergent, General Purpose: NSN 7930-00-282-9699
General mechanic’s tool kit automotive: NSN 5180-00-177-7033
Tubeless Tire Iron Set, KEN-TOOL: Model T46 – No NSN
Hammer, KEN-TOOL: NSN 5120-00-816-5525
Special Tools
0002 00-1
NMWR 9-2355-317 0002 00
WARNING
Ensure that tire is totally deflated before removing self-locking nuts. Failure to
comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Always use an inflation safety cage to inflate tires mounted on multipiece rims,
and tire/rim assemblies not mounted on a tire changing machine that has a
positive lock down device designed to hold the assembly during inflation
9-2610-200-14). When using a tire changing machine, always follow
manufacturer's mounting and safety instructions. Failure to comply may result
in serious injury or death to personnel. Always inflate tires that are mounted on
rims with demountable side ring flanges or lockrings and an inflation safety
cage or serious injury or death may result.
WARNING
Tire safety inflation cages should be free standing and a minimum of 3 feet
away from any object. Never permanently mount a safety cage to the floor or
near a wall. Mounting an inflation cage to the floor or near a wall prohibits
expected deformation of the bottom plate and equal dissipation of energy
released in the event of tire explosion. Permanently mounting an inflation cage
to the floor or near a wall could result in failure of one or more of the bars,
release of rim components or shrapnel and/or an unwanted concentration of
energy. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
0002 00-2
NMWR 9-2355-317 0002 00
1
2
WARNING
The sudden release of high pressure air can cause damage to eyes. Wear
appropriate eye protection when working near pressurized air. Failure to
comply may result in injury to personnel.
2. Loosen the inflation valve core (1) to allow the tire to deflate slowly.
WARNING
Do not unscrew the inflation valve completely until the tire is deflated. Failure
to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
NOTE
For removal of the CTIS Assembly from the Caiman Tire/Wheel Assembly refer
to WP 000, 00.
3. Once the tire has deflated, remove the inflation valve core (1) from valve stem extension (2).
0002 00-3
NMWR 9-2355-317 0002 00
2
1
3
WARNING
Tire weighs approximately 350 Ibs (159 kgs). Use extreme care when handling
tire. Failure to comply may result in injury to personnel.
WARNING
Stand clear of crane and load while crane is in use. Failure to comply may
result in injury to personnel.
4. Using a suitable lifting device, place the wheel assembly (4) on the vertical press (5) and
install the spreader (1).
5. Activate the vertical press ram (2) and allow it protrude out the top of the spreader and install
the pin (3).
0002 00-4
NMWR 9-2355-317 0002 00
6. Activate the vertical press ram (1) and apply pressure to the flange (2).
WARNING
Ensure there is enough clearance between the pin (4) and the spreader (5), before
removing the pin (4) to prevent damage to equipment.
8. Slowly activate the vertical press ram (1) (the tire and run-flat insert will push the outer flange
upward) and remove the pin (4).
0002 00-5
NMWR 9-2355-317 0002 00
1
2
3 5 6
10. Use a tire lever to completely free the outer flange (1) from the wheel assembly (3). Remove
the outer flange (1).
11. Remove the O-ring seal (2) from inner rim half. Cut O-ring seal (2) in two, to make sure it
cannot be reused. Discard O-ring seal (2).
WARNING
Tire weighs approximately 350 Ibs (159 kgs). Use extreme care when handling
tire. Failure to comply may result in injury to personnel.
WARNING
Stand clear of crane and load while crane is in use. Failure to comply may
result in injury to personnel.
12. Use a suitable lifting device and suitable hoisting straps to lift the wheel assembly (3) from
the vertical press (4).
13. Turn the wheel over and use a tire lever to break the bead on the side of the rim.
14. Use a suitable lifting device to remove the inner rim (5) from the tire with run-flat insert (6).
0002 00-6
NMWR 9-2355-317 0002 00
15. Unscrew and remove the nut (2) securing the valve stem and extension (1) to the inner rim.
6
7
4
17. Remove the plate (4) from the mounting head on the horizontal press (5) and install the
ram extension (6) onto the horizontal press ram (7) mounting head.
0002 00-7
NMWR 9-2355-317 0002 00
1
2
4 3
6
7
WARNING
Tire weighs approximately 350 Ibs (159 kgs). Use extreme care when handling
tire. Failure to comply may result in injury to personnel.
18. Using a suitable hoisting strap (1), lift the tire and run-flat insert assembly (2) onto the
horizontal press (3) and activate the horizontal press (3) to firmly hold the tire. (Top and bottom
bead to be parallel).
CAUTION
Ensure that the tire is properly clamped onto the horizontal press (Top and bottom
bead to be parallel). Do not over-extend the tire as damage to the bead could
occur.
20. Insert the run-flat insert extraction strap (4) and attach to the ram extension (5) with the bolt
(6) and nut (7). Ensure that the bolt and nut are securely tightened.
0002 00-8
NMWR 9-2355-317 0002 00
WARNING
During the process of removing the run-flat insert, no one except the
operator is to be within 6 ft (2 m) of the horizontal press, as the run-flat insert
can exit the tire with considerable force. Non-compliance can lead to injury
or death of personnel.
21. Slowly activate the horizontal press ram until the run-flat insert is removed from the tire.
22. Unscrew and remove the bolt (6) and nut (7) and remove the run-flat insert extraction
strap (4) from the horizontal press ram extension (5).
CAUTION
When the task is complete, always retract the cylinders to protect the cylinder rods
from damage and corrosion.
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NMWR 9-2355-317 0004 00
INSPECTION
GENERAL
All wheel rims, tires, and related wheel parts should be inspected for defects, damage, out-of-
round, excessive or abnormal wear, corrosion, and if the tire matches with the approved wheel
rim.
1. Tears or gouges that are more than 1/16th inch deep or that expose bead wire.
3. Burned beads, which are indicated by rough, brittle, and/or discolored hard
surface in the bead area.
0004 00-1
NMWR 9-2355-317 0004 00
1. Damaged tire cord or wider than normal wire spacing which is indicated by a
radial (up & down), pencil-shaped bulges in the sidewall.
2. Scrapes, gouges or cuts in the sidewall which expose cords, or are 1/16th
inch deep or more.
3. Snow chain damage, which is indicated by numerous pock marks around the
tire in the upper sidewall and crown areas.
5. Weather checking cracks, which extend to the cord body or 1/16th inch deep,
or which have two or more cracks that connect and have joined into one straight or
arced line. Most weather checking is only cosmetic damage and the actual amount
of weather checking cracks in a sidewall is not as important as the depth and
pattern of the cracks.
7. Nails or other foreign objects lodged into the tire sidewall which extend 1/16th
inch or deeper or to the cord body.
Inspect tire tread crown areas and shoulders for the following conditions. If any of these
deficiencies are noted, the tire must be removed from service immediately.
1. Nails or other foreign objects lodged into the tread lugs, which extend to the
cord body.
2. Nails or other foreign objects lodged into the tread groove areas which extend
1/16th inch or deeper or to the cord body.
3. Cuts in tread or shoulder area that are deeper than the tread base or tread
groove, usually 360 degrees around the tire and caused from interference from
other vehicle components.
0004 00-2
NMWR 9-2355-317 0004 00
4. Belt lift and separation, which is indicated by a bulge or split through the upper
sidewall and tread shoulder area.
5. Protruding objects inside tire which may not be visible from outside.
6. Tread depth on tire. Tread should not be worn below level of wear bars.
Replace tire if tread is worn below wear bars or 3/32 in. (2.38 mm).
Inspect rim and runflat for the following conditions. If any of these deficiencies are noted,
the rim or runflat must be removed from service immediately.
1. Damage or abnormal wear to the rim, flanges and rim components. Elongated
mounting holes on rim.
3. Security and serviceability of all wheel nuts, rims, and side rings.
4. Improper seating, distortions or other obvious damage of the wheel and rim
components.
5. Signs of burrs forming around the stud holes and rim surfaces. Burrs should be
filed off to ensure the mating surfaces are flat and any bare metal primed and
painted.
6. Excessive wear of the stud holes at the chamfer caused by the wheel stud nuts.
7. Cracks, bent sealing surfaces, or oversized mounting holes on the rim halves.
8. Cracked, broken, rusted, pitted, bent, or loose studs and studs with damaged,
mutilated, or deformed threads on the inner rim half.
9. Cracks or deterioration to the valve core, valve bore, and the valve stem.
0004 00-
<"#$%
NMWR 9-2355-317 0005 00
PAINTING
Painting
PAINTING
WARNING
The wheel assembly does not need to be repainted for sake of appearance; a wash of soap and
water is sufficient.
If painting is needed to prevent or stop corrosion, ensure surface is clean and dry prior to painting.
Consideration shall be given to the number, concentration, and size of defects and percentage
of area affected. If spot painting is required then use a matching wheel color in accordance with
TB 43-0242 and TM 43-0139.
Paint rim by brush or spray with fast-drying metal primer. Ensure that bare metal areas on outside
or tire side of rim are covered because with drop-center tubeless rims, warm and sometimes moist
air is in constant contact with the metal surface on the tire side of the rim. Only the rim shall be
painted, never paint the rubber tire. Remove any excess and paint buildup. If the wheel is removed
from the vehicle, be careful not to paint the lug holes. Rim holes will be greased prior to painting.
WHEEL ASSEMBLY
Assembly
GENERAL
The repair facility will provide all components of the wheel assemblies which may include tire, wheel,
runflat devices, valves or wheel assembly kit components as needed.
You will do an inspection of all repaired wheel assemblies. A Quality Assurance Representative must
certify proper assembly and repair procedures are in place. Final inspection by a Quality Assurance
Representative will be conducted to certify assembly is complete and correct and meets criteria and
standards called out within this NMWR. Tire assemblies that do not pass inspection and certification will
be returned for rework. You will take whatever repair procedures identified in this NMWR necessary to
ensure that all the wheel assemblies repaired will meet repair specifications.
INITIAL SETUP
Tools
Wheel assembly tool: NSN 4910-01-218-4490
Standard Automotive Tool Set (SATS): NSN 4910-01-490-6453
Forward Repair System (FRS): NSN 4940-01-463-7940
Tire Changer (Replaces the Bishman): NSN 4910-01-370-9855
Detergent, General Purpose: NSN 7930-00-282-9699
General mechanic’s tool kit automotive: NSN 5180-00-177-7033
Tubeless Tire Iron Set, KEN-TOOL, Model T46 – No NSN
Hammer, KEN-TOOL, NSN 5120-00-816-5525
Special Tools
000600-1
NMWR 9-2355-317 0006 00
NOTE
For Tire/Wheel Assemblies equipped with Three Piece Runflats refer to WP 0007 00
for assembly procedures.
WARNING
1. The tire must be wiped clean and the inside evenly coated with Hutchinson lubricant Gel Hut
# 4485 gel. It is not necessary to coat the inner tire sidewalls.
Do not coat the inside of the run-flat insert with gel. This will cause the run-flat insert
to slip on the wheel rim after installation
3. Coat the run-flat insert (sides in contact with jaws and nose of run-flat insert) evenly with gel
to assist with the insertion into the tire.
3 1
3
2
4. Place the run-flat insert (1) into the horizontal press (2)
5. Compress until the run-flat insert is oval. (The jaws (3) must be close enough to allow the
tire to be installed over them).
0006 00-2
NMWR 9-2355-317 0006 00
3 1
2
WARNING
Tire weighs approximately 350 Ibs (159 kgs). Use extreme care when handling
tire. Failure to comply may result in injury to personnel.
WARNING
Stand clear of crane and load while crane is in use. Failure to comply may
result in injury to personnel.
CAUTION
Do not over expand the tire as damage to bead could occur.
6. Using a suitable lifting device, place the tire (1) onto the horizontal press (2) and ensure that
it is securely fitted to the horizontal press jaws by expanding the jaws with the top (3) and
bottom bead (4) parallel to each other.
0006 00-3
NMWR 9-2355-317 0006-00
WARNING
Do not stand in front of the guidance panel when the installation procedure
has begun. Non-compliance can lead to injury or death of personnel.
7. Place the guidance panel (1) into the tire (hold it there until the runflat insert starts pressing
against it) and activate the ram to push the run-flat insert into the tire. The tire (2) will bulge as
the run-flat insert (3) is inserted into the tire. Only when the run-flat insert (3) has rotated and
settled into the tire can the ram be withdrawn.
9. Close the jaws and use a suitable lifting device to lift the tire (4) complete with runflat insert
(5) off the horizontal press.
10. Centralize the run-flat insert (5) in the tire (4) (in the horizontal position).
0006 00-4
NMWR 9-2355-317 0006 00
1
11. Position the valve stem and extension (1) through the hole in the inner rim (4).
8
5
14. Place the rim assembly (5) onto the vertical press (6). Unscrew and remove the flange
nuts (7) and remove the outer flange (8).
0006 00-5
NMWR 9-2355-317 0006 00
3
1 5
2
4
16. Install the O-ring (1) onto the rim (2). Smear bead lubricant to the bead of the tire (3), and
tapered part of the rim (4). Ensure O-ring (1) is not twisted and that it is uniformly positioned in
groove. Do not overstretch O-ring (1).
17. Also lightly lubricate the inside of the run-flat insert (5).
10
9
8
6
11
18. Using a suitable lifting device, place the tire and run-flat insert over the rim (6) fitted on
the vertical press (7).
19. Make sure that the groove (8) in the run-flat insert corresponds with the position of the
valve (9).
20. Install the outer flange on the wheel assembly, making sure that the holes on the outer
flange (10) line up with the rim studs (11).
0006 00-6
NMWR 9-2355-317 0006 00
5
1 3
2
6
21. Place the spreader (1) over the outer flange (2).
22. Activate the ram (3) of the vertical press (4) so that it protrudes through the spreader and insert
the pin (5). (Ensure that the valve does not get damaged).
23. Activate the vertical press ram (3) to pull the spreader (1) down so that the studs (6) on the
rim protrude from the outer flange (2).
0006 00-7
NMWR 9-2355-317 0006 00
2
4
5
WARNING
Never use wheel assemblies with studs which are damaged, loose, or have
damaged threads. Damaged studs can cause improper assembly, w hich
could cause individual fasteners to fail. Any of these situations may result
in serious injury or death.
CAUTION
Tighten flange nuts gradually to avoid bent and broken studs, or damage to wheel
components.
24. Install the flange nuts (1) and tighten in sequence shown to correct torque for
the Tire/Wheel Assembly that is being assembled.
• Caiman: 200 lb-ft (270 N•m).
• BAE-RG33: 450 lb-ft (610 N•m).
• Cougar Cat I: 450 to 500 lb-ft (610 to 680 N•m).
• Cougar Cat II 225 lb-ft (305 N•m).
• Caiman Plus: 200 lb-ft (270 N•m).
• Caiman MTV: 200 lb-ft (270 N•m).
• RG33 Plus and HAGA: 450 to 500 lb-ft (610 to 680 N•m).
x MaxxPro Base, MEAP, Plus FRT / Plus Ambulance FRT: 161 lb-ft (218 N•m)
• MaxxPro Plus Rear and Plus Ambulance Rear: 161 lb-ft (218 N•m)
• MaxxPro Dash: 161 lb-ft (218 N•m).
• MaxxPro Dash DMX (ISS) & Dash DXM Ambulance (ISS): 161 lb-ft (218 N•m).
0006 00-8
NMWR 9-2355-317 0006 00
25. Activate the ram (2) on the vertical press (3) to release the pressure on the spreader (4).
NOTE
For installation of the CTIS Assembly on the Caiman Tire/Wheel Assembly refer
to WP 0009 00.
WARNING
Tire weighs approximately 350 Ibs (159 kgs). Use extreme care w hen handling
tire. Failure to comply may result in injury to personnel.
Stand clear of crane and load while crane is in use. Failure to comply may result
in injury to personnel.
28. Using a suitable lifting device, remove the wheel assembly from the vertical press (3).
29. Re-tighten the flange nuts to final torque for correct Tire/Wheel Assembly.
WARNING
Alw ays use a tire inflation cage for inflation purposes. Stand on one side of
cage, during inflation, never directly in front. Keep hands out of the cage
during inflation. Inflate assembly to recommended pressure, using a clip-on
air chuck. Do not exceed MAX psi cold inflation pressure. Failure to follow
these instructions may result in serious injury or death.
0006 00-9
NMWR 9-2355-317 0006 00
30. Place wheel assembly in safety cage and inflate the wheel to correct psi for Tire/Wheel
Assembly being repaired.
• Caiman: 74 psi
• RG33: 104 psi
• Cougar Cat I & Cat II: 89 psi
• Caiman Plus: 81 psi
• Caiman MTV: 81 psi
• RG33 Plus and HAGA: 93 psi
• MaxxPro Base, MEAP, Plus Front and Ambulance Front: 115 psi
x MaxxPro Plus Rear and Ambulance Rear: 120
• MaxxPro Dash: 115 psi
• MaxxPro Dash DMX (ISS) & Dash DMX Ambulance: 105 psi
31. Use a soapy water solution to check for leaks between the tire and rim and also between
the outer flange and rim.
32. Using standard wheel balancing equipment, balance the wheel assembly.
33. All completed Wheel Assemblies shall be tagged using weather resistant tag (NSN 8135-
01-120-9535) or comparable marking tag. Tags shall indicate the NSN and Part Number of
each completed Wheel Assembly as listed on the cover of this publication.
0006 00-10
NMWR 9-2355-317 0007 00
GENERAL
The repair facility will provide all components of the wheel assemblies which may include tire, wheel,
runflat devices, valves or wheel assembly kit components as needed.
You will do an inspection of all repaired wheel assemblies. A Quality Assurance Representative must certify
proper assembly and repair procedures are in place. Final inspection by a Quality Assurance Representative
will be conducted to certify assembly is complete and correct and meets criteria and standards called out within
this NMWR. Tire assemblies that do not pass inspection and certification will be returned for rework. You will
take whatever repair procedures identified in this NMWR necessary to ensure that all the wheel assemblies
repaired will meet repair specifications.
INITIAL SETUP
Tools
Liquid Thread Locker: NSN 8030-01-014-5869
Run Flat Lubricant: NSN 2640-01-419-6200
Tire Spreader Block (1X4, 9” in length): No NSN
3/4” Ratchet: NSN 5120-01-400-0226
1 1/8” Socket: NSN 5130-01-400-0286
1 15/16” Socket: No NSN
3/8” Nut Driver: NSN 5120-00-399-9835
Rubber Hammer: NSN 5120-00-816-5525
Torque Wrench (3/4” Drive 90-600 ft. lbs.): NSN 5120-01-400-0319
Tire Iron: See WP 0010 00
Special Tools
N/A
0007 00-1
NMWR 9-2355-317 0007 00
WARNING
Prolonged or repeated exposure to Hutchinson lubricant Gel Hut # 4485 gel
may cause skin irritation. If gel comes in contact to the eyes irritation may
also occur.
CAUTION
1. Put 55 oz. of runflat lubricant inside the tire. Spread the lubricant evenly along the tread area
up to the sidewall.
5. Loosely bolt together two runflat segments. None of the bolt retaining clips should
be installed yet.
6. Take the two runflat segments that are loosely bolted together and work them into the tire.
0007 00-2
NMWR 9-2355-317 0007 00
9. Align the runflat bolt holes and screw in the two remaining bolts.
10. Using the 1 1/8” socket and torque wrench, torque all three runflat bolts between
90 to 100 ft. lbs.
11. Place a retaining clip over each bolt head, it may be necessary to turn the bolt head slightly to
line up the clip with the screw hole. Tighten the clip screw with the 3/8” nut driver.
12. The groove on the inside surface of the runflat is not symmetrical. The inside surface of the
runflat has a long side and a short side.
0007 00-3
NMWR 9-2355-317 0007 00
13. Place the tire on the ground with the long side of the runflat down. Center the runflat inside of
the tire opening.
14. Prepare the wheel by taking the top (outer rim assembly) off of the base (inner rim assembly).
Save the nuts. A new o-ring should be used.
15. Lift the tire and runflat assembly with the long side down over the wheel base. Align the
inflation valve with one of the runflat valve segment spaces. The tire and runflat assembly will not
slide completely down the wheel base yet.
16. Align the inflation valve in one of the run flat valve segment spaces.
17. Use a tire iron with a blunt end to pry the runflat over the wheel. The assembly should slide
down the wheel with just a push from your foot. Make sure the tire and runflat have slid all the
way down. No portion of the runflat valve groove should be visible.
18. Inspect the o-ring area to make sure it is free of debris. A new o-ring should be used. Place
the o-ring down into the space between the wheel and runflat. Do not twist the o-ring while
pulling it over the studs.
0007 00-4
NMWR 9-2355-317 0007 00
19. Use a blunt tool if necessary to make sure that the o-ring is fully seated. Carefully inspect
o-ring area for any debris, remove any debris if present. The o-ring area must be clean for
#ring to properly seal.
20. Place the top of the wheel on the base. It will not slide down to the base yet.
21. Be sure to line up the inflation valve in one of the two valve holes. The studs should be
sticking out enough to begin threading the nuts. If not, use a rubber hammer and tap the top
down until the studs are exposed.
CAUTION
Do not over torque the nuts; keep them less than 450 ft. lbs
22. Slowly tighten the 12 assembly nuts repeatedly, using the star pattern shown below, until the
gap between the top and bottom has closed..
23. Using the same star pattern torque all 12 nuts to 450 ft. lbs. Starting with the first nut to the
left of the inflation valve hole, check each nut to ensure that they are all torqued to 450 ft. lbs.
24. All completed Wheel Assemblies shall be tagged using weather resistant tag (NSN 8135-01-
120-9535) or comparable marking tag. Tags shall indicate the NSN and Part Number of each
completed Wheel Assembly as listed on the cover of this publication.
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NMWR 9-2355-317 000 00
CTIS ASSEMBLY
NOTE
For CTIS parts and procedures not found in this manual refer to TM 9-2320-392-24P
REMOVAL
1. Remove nut (8), screw (9), and two seals (6) from CTIS hose (5). Discard seals.
2. Remove CTIS hose (5) from CTIS manifold valve (2).
3. Remove preformed packing (10) from CTIS hose assembly (5). Discard preformed packing.
000 00-1
NMWR 9-2355-317 000 00
NOTE
0!0 00-2
NMWR 9-2355-317 000 00
NOTE
Perform step (10) on rear wheels.
11. Remove preformed packing (19) from adapter (12). Discard preformed packing.
NOTE
NOTE
000 00-3
NMWR 9-2355-317 000 00
INSTALLATION
1. Position mounting bracket (1) on two wheel studs (2) with nuts (3).
2. Tighten two nuts (3) to 45-55 lb-ft (61-75 I).
NOTE
000 00-4
NMWR 9-2355-317 000 00
NOTE
Perform steps (5) and (6) on rear wheels.
5. Install preformed packing (7) on hose adapter (8).
6. Install hose adapter (8) on auxiliary valve (6).
7. Install preformed packing (9) on adapter (10).
NOTE
NOTE
WARNING
Adhesives, solvents, and sealing compounds can burn easily, can give off harmful
vapors, and are harmful to skin and clothing. Keep away from open fire and use in a
well-ventilated area. If adhesive, solvents, or sealing compound gets on skin or
clothing, wash immediately with soap and water. Failure to comply may result in injury
to personnel.
000 00-5
NMWR 9-2355-317 000 00
000 00-6
NMWR 9-2355-317 00! 00
GENERAL STORAGE
WARNING
Use adequate lifting equipment when moving tires. Failure to follow safety
precautions and procedures when moving tires and operating the lifting
equipment may result in injury to personnel or death.
Tires are specified to contain certain oils and waxes known as antioxidants, which migrate to
the surface of the tire when it is flexed in operation. These substances protect the rubber
from ozone. When the tire is in storage, there is no migration and the tire deteriorates.
b. Sunlight is especially degrading to tires. Extensive exposure to sunlight can cause severe
cracks, rendering the tire unserviceable. It is particularly harmful for those vehicles that remain
stationary for lengths of time and are exposed to highly reflective surfaces such as ground covered
with snow or sand, or heat absorbent surfaces such as black asphalt. (Note: unmounted tires
should be stored inside a building, preferably off the ground in a clean, cool, dry, dark place).
Tires and tubes should be stored in areas that are clean, dry, out of direct sunlight and away from
electrical machinery (which emit harmful ozone). Unwanted tires or tires and wheel assemblies
will be enclosed in polyethylene material, NSN 8135-00-579-6487, and secured with twine or
pressure sensitive tape when stored in sheds or left in the open for periods exceeding 90 days.
c. To protect the rubber in tires and prevent ozone cracking, use rubber preservative compound
on natural or synthetic black rubber. Brush a thin even coat of the compound on the tire with a
paint brush. Due to the fumes, paint the compound outside with adequate ventilation and keep
away from open flames since the solvent is flammable. Wear rubber gloves, face shield, or
goggles, and a respirator like the ones in the Standard Automotive Tool Set (SATS).
00! 00-1
NMWR 9-2355-317 00! 00
Even in optimum storage conditions, tires cannot last forever. Eventually, over time,
the tire material will deteriorate which affects the integrity of the casing. As such,
tires stored at supply points should be issued on a first-in, first-out basis. Standard
tires, which will be used on the highway, should never be stored more than 60
months after date of manufacturer or the last retread or use. Consult the TACOM
Item Manager for disposition instructions of any tire not issued and used within 60
months of date of manufacturer, retread or last use. Refer to TM 9-/-)#/#)+
page 2-122, paragraph 2-55.a on “Tire Shelf Life.” Tires that are
on vehicles in storage require special preparation and treatment, as
in paragraph 2-53.a., “Storage of Mounted Tires.” Storage of tires on a
vehicle is not to exceed 60 months.
TAGGING INSTRUCTIONS
All completed Wheel Assemblies shall be tagged using weather resistant tag
(NSN 8135-01-120-9535) or comparable marking tag. Tags shall indicate the NSN
and part number (as listed on the cover of this publication), date of repair and
name of facility completing repairs for each completed Wheel Assembly.
00! 00-2
NMWR 9-2355-317
CHAPTER 3
SUPPORTING AND PARTS INFORMATION
NMWR 9-2355-317 001 00
001 00-1
NMWR 9-2355-317 001 00
No employee shall perform any task of inflating a tire or tire assembly without the
use of an OSHA-approved inflation cage. All persons (soldiers/ civilians) must be
furnished a restraining device for inflating tire on multipiece wheels. Not using
an inflation cage when inflating the tire or the wheel assembly may lead to severe
personnel injury or death.
Tire inflation cages are heavy. Use adequate lifting equipment to move them and
personnel must stand clear when cage is being moved.
13. Small Tire Inflation Safety Cage, Length 40 ¾”, Width 25”, Height 56”, 315 lbs.,
NSN 4910-01-373-0267.
14. Large Tire Inflation Safety Cage, Length 78 ¾”, Width 35 ½”, Height 86 ¼”,
1,600 lbs., NSN4910-00-025-0623.
15. Tire Changer (Replaces the Bishman), NSN 4910-01-370-9855
NOTE
For instructions on how to use a tire tread depth gage, refer to TM 9-2610-200-14.
001 00-2
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NMWR 9-2355-317 0013 00
Michelin
Load range 'J' tire
AS0522 24 395/85R20 XZL
MaxxPro, Base, & MEAP, Plus
FRT & Ambulance FRT Goodyear Load range 'L' tire
395/85R20 MV/T
Michelin
AS-0435-037 Caiman 20 CTIS Valve
395/85R20 XML
Michelin Load range 'J' tire 3 piece run flat insert
0586-WW1 RG-33 & CAT II 12 395/85R20 XZL
Goodyear Load range 'L' tire
395/85R20 MV/T
Michelin
Load range 'J' or „G(tire
AS- Cougar 4X4 12 395/85R20 XZL
0457/0448/0423/0438 Goodyear Load range 'L' tire
395/85R20 MV/T
Michelin
Load range 'J' tire
AS-0226/0380 Cougar 6X6 20 395/85R20 XZL
MaxxPro Plus REAR & Goodyear
AS-0529-037 Ambulance REAR 22 12.00R20 XZL Load range 'J' tire
Goodyear
23 Load range 'G' tire
AS-0540-036 Caiman Plus 395/85R20
Michelin
Load range 'J' tire
AS-0638-037 MaxxPro Dash 24 395/85R20 XZL
Goodyear Load range 'L' tire
395/85R20 MV/T
Michelin PN: 54331
20 Load range 'J' tire
3819417 MATV 395/85R20 XZL CTIS Valve. 3 piece run flat insert
M-1240; M-1245 Goodyear
395/85R20 MV/T Load range 'L' tire
AS-0747-037 MaxxPro Dash DMX ISS & 24 Michelin 16.00R20 Load range 'M' tire
MaxxPro Dash DMX AMB
0013 00-2
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%ODQN
RECOMMENDED CHANGES TO PUBLICATIONS AND Use Part II (reverse) for Repair Parts DATE
BLANK FORMS and Special Tool Lists (RPSTL) and
Supply Catalogs/Supply Manuals
Date you filled out this form.
For use of this form, see AR 25-30; the proponent agency is OAASA. (SC/SM).
TO (Forward to proponent of publication or form) (Include ZIP Code) FROM (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code)
U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command Your mailing address
ATTN: AMSTA-LCL-MPP/TECH PUBS
6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000
PART I – ALL PUBLICATIONS (EXCEPT RPSTL AND SC/SM) AND BLANK FORMS
PUBLICATION/FORM NUMBER DATE TITLE
TM Number Date of the TM Title of the TM
ITEM PAGE PARA- LINE FIGURE TABLE RECOMMENDED CHANGES AND REASON
GRAPH NO. (Exact wording of recommended change must be given)
SAMPLE
DA FORM 2028, FEB 74 REPLACES DA FORM 2028, 1 DEC 68, WHICH WILL BE USED. APD V4.00
TO (Forward direct to addressee listed in publication) FROM (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code) DATE
U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command Date you filled out
ATTN: AMSTA-LCL-MPP/TECH PUBS Your Address this form
6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000
PART II – REPAIR PARTS AND SPECIAL TOOL LISTS AND SUPPLY CATALOGS/SUPPLY MANUALS
PUBLICATION NUMBER DATE TITLE
TM Number Date of the TM Title of the TM
TOTAL NO.
PAGE COLM LINE NATIONAL STOCK REFERENCE FIGURE ITEM OF MAJOR
RECOMMENDED ACTION
NO. NO. NO. NUMBER NO. NO. NO. ITEMS
SUPPORTED
SAMPLE
PART III – REMARKS (Any general remarks, or recommendations, or suggestions for improvement of publications and
blank forms. Additional blank sheets may be used if more space is needed.)
TO (Forward to proponent of publication or form) (Include ZIP Code) FROM (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code)
U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command
ATTN: AMSTA-LCL-MPP/TECH PUBS
6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000
PART I – ALL PUBLICATIONS (EXCEPT RPSTL AND SC/SM) AND BLANK FORMS
PUBLICATION/FORM NUMBER DATE TITLE !;# <
%
24 February 2012
ITEM PAGE PARA- LINE FIGURE TABLE RECOMMENDED CHANGES AND REASON
GRAPH NO.
DA FORM 2028, FEB 74 REPLACES DA FORM 2028, 1 DEC 68, WHICH WILL BE USED. APD V4.00
TO (Forward direct to addressee listed in publication) FROM (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code) DATE
U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command
ATTN: AMSTA-LCL-MPP/TECH PUBS
6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000
PART II – REPAIR PARTS AND SPECIAL TOOL LISTS AND SUPPLY CATALOGS/SUPPLY MANUALS
PUBLICATION/FORM NUMBER DATE TITLE !;# <
%
24 February 2012
TOTAL NO.
PAGE COLM LINE NATIONAL STOCK REFERENCE FIGURE ITEM OF MAJOR
RECOMMENDED ACTION
NO. NO. NO. NUMBER NO. NO. NO. ITEMS
SUPPORTED
PART III – REMARKS (Any general remarks, or recommendations, or suggestions for improvement of publications and
blank forms. Additional blank sheets may be used if more space is needed.)
APD V4.00
RECOMMENDED CHANGES TO PUBLICATIONS AND Use Part II (reverse) for Repair Parts and Special
DATE
BLANK FORMS Tool Lists (RPSTL) and Supply Catalogs/Supply
Manuals (SC/SM).
For use of this form, see AR 25-30; the proponent agency is OAASA
TO (Forward to proponent of publication or form) (Include ZIP Code) FROM (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code)
U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command
ATTN: AMSTA-LCL-MPP/TECH PUBS
6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000
PART I – ALL PUBLICATIONS (EXCEPT RPSTL AND SC/SM) AND BLANK FORMS
PUBLICATION/FORM NUMBER DATE TITLE !;# <
%
24 February 2012
ITEM PAGE PARA- LINE FIGURE TABLE RECOMMENDED CHANGES AND REASON
GRAPH NO.
DA FORM 2028, FEB 74 REPLACES DA FORM 2028, 1 DEC 68, WHICH WILL BE USED. APD V4.00
TO (Forward direct to addressee listed in publication) FROM (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code) DATE
U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command
ATTN: AMSTA-LCL-MPP/TECH PUBS
6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000
PART II – REPAIR PARTS AND SPECIAL TOOL LISTS AND SUPPLY CATALOGS/SUPPLY MANUALS
PUBLICATION/FORM NUMBER DATE TITLE !;# <
%
24 February 2012
TOTAL NO.
PAGE COLM LINE NATIONAL STOCK REFERENCE FIGURE ITEM OF MAJOR
RECOMMENDED ACTION
NO. NO. NO. NUMBER NO. NO. NO. ITEMS
SUPPORTED
PART III – REMARKS (Any general remarks, or recommendations, or suggestions for improvement of publications and
blank forms. Additional blank sheets may be used if more space is needed.)
APD V4.00
U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command
ATTN: AMSTA-LCL-MPP/TECH PUBS
6501 East 11 Mile Road
Warren, MI 48397-5000
OFFICIAL:
JEANNE SMITH HOOPER
Colonel, GS
Chief of Staff
0
0
CENTIMETERS
Yards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.914
INCHES
Miles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kilometers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.609
Square Inches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Square Centimeters . . . . . . . . . . 6.451
1
Square Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Square Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.093
Square Yards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Square Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.836
2
Square Miles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Square Kilometers . . . . . . . . . . . 2.590
Acres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Square Hectometers . . . . . . . . . . 0.405
1
Cubic Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cubic Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.028
3
Cubic Yards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cubic Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.765
Fluid Ounces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Milliliters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.573
Pints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.473
4
Quarts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.946
Gallons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.785
5
Ounces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Grams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.349
2
Pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kilograms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4536
Short Tons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Metric Tons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.907
6
Pound-Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newton-Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.356
Pounds Per Square Inch . . . . . . . . . Kilopascals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.895
Miles Per Gallon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kilometers Per Liter . . . . . . . . . 0.425
7
Miles Per Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kilometers Per Hour . . . . . . . . . 1.609
3
TO CHANGE TO MULTIPLY BY
8
Millimeters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.03937
Centimeters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3937
Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.280
Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.094 9
Kilometers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.621
10
13