Q1.
Loom Timing
Loom timing is defined as relative chronological sequences of various primary
and secondary motions are expressed in terms of degree of crank shaft rotation.
The loom timing is presented by a diagram termed as “Loom Timing Diagram”.
The diagram depicts the start and end of each primary event of different
weaving motions. The start and end of events are influenced by loom type,
fabric width and fabric type. The loom timing cycle is shown in below Figure.
Fig: Loom timing diagram
There are two types of loom timing in weaving process which are filament yarn
timing and staple yarn timing. Loom timing is commonly in primary motions
that involve in shedding, picking and beating process. It is sensible to make the
period time of heald-shaft dwell coincide as nearly as possible with the passage
of the shuttle. There are the timing period for each of the process done in the
loom. The different between the two loom timing is the time of the dwell
happen. The dwell is refer to the maximum opening of the shed in shedding
process to let the weft inserted through it.
[Link] timings of most of the events in the loom cycle are governed by the
position of the reed and thus the sley. For example, the reed must be on its way
towards the back of the loom before the shed is large enough to admit the
shuttle. This determines the timing of the picking mechanism which is directly
related to the position of the reed and sley.
Some others are related to it indirectly. For example. the timing of the weft
break stop motion is related to the flight of the weft carrier, which is governed
by the position of the reed. The timings on the weaving machine are stated in
relation to the angular position of the crankshaft (main shaft) which operates the
sley.
The path traced out by the axis of the crank pin is called the ‘crank circle’. The
arrow on the crank circle shows the usual direction of rotation of the crankshaft.
When the crank and crank arm are in line, and the sley is in its most forward
position.
The crank circle is graduated in degrees from this point in the direction of
rotation of the crankshaft. Any timing can be stated in degrees, as, for example,
‘healds level at 3000’.
Sley Motion
0° : Beat-up takes place and sley occupies its forward most position
180° : Sley occupies its backward most position
0°-180° : Sley moves backward
180°-360° : Sley moves forward
Picking and Checking
80°-110° : Picking mechanism operates
105°-110° : Shuttle enters in the shed
240°-250° : Shuttle leaves the shed
270° : Shuttle strikes the swell in the shuttle box
300° : Shuttle comes to rest
Shedding (for early shedding)
30° : Shed is fully open
30° -150° : Heald dwell (shed remains fully open)
150° -270° : Shed closes
270° : Shed closed or shed level
270° -30° : Shed opens again (in opposite direction)
Shedding (for late shedding)
120° : Shed is fully open
120° -240° : Heald dwell (shed remains fully open)
240° -360° : Shed closes
360° : Shed closed or shed level
360° -120° : Shed opens again (in opposite direction)
The operations have been delayed by 90 0 in case of late shedding.
Take-Up
0° -10° : Take-up (intermittent type)
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