HUMAN EVOLUTION

When it comes to the origin and development of man, there are two opposite opinions.
One opinion is scientific and other is religious. Science argues that the oldest man is not
created in the form and perfection as it is today. Of course, the man is the highest creature
in the nature, but this fact is more related to his mental rather than his physical feature,
because among the living beings, man is neither the highest nor the strongest, nor the
fastest creature. Some of his senses are substantially far behind the senses of some
animals. However, still man and animals are connected with a number of common or
related characteristics. Based on morphological and anatomical characteristics humans
belong to the line of the upright bipedal mammals’ so – called primates. Man is a
member of hominids super-family. An anthropoid (humanlike) apes and monkeys belong
to this group, and according to some scientists, half-apes as well belong to this group.
From the line of two-legged mammals, half-apes are the most distant mammals from
human, while when we observe today’s apes, they are much closer to human, even by
blood chimpanzee, gorilla, orang-utan, and gibbon are more closer to today’s man.
However, this of course does not mean that the man was created from above mentioned
apes.

The development way of the human was very long. A lot of time has passed until he
came to the degree of development at which late-diluvial prehistoric man used to be.
Eocene is characterized by the emergence of half-ape. The Miocene period is
characterized by apes and late ancestors of humanlike apes, in Pliocene period can
already be found the remains of humanlike monkey. The earliest predecessors of man
could appear only in the late Tertiary period, or four million years ago. Famous English
scholar Charles Darwin tried to explain origin and development of the man, in his work
“The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection” and “Origin of Man”. He has
developed a theory about the origin of man from the animal through biological evolution,
and therefore he set up a thesis about humanlike apes as an inevitable stage in the long
process of humanization. According to Darwin’s theory, humans by creating their own
resources for survival started actively to change the world, and using its conscious
character and work, humans transcended animals and raised high above them.
human evolution, the process by which human beings developed on Earth from
now-extinct primates. Viewed zoologically, we humans are Homo sapiens, a
culture-bearing upright-walking species that lives on the ground and very likely first
evolved in Africa about 315,000 years ago. We are now the only living members of what
many zoologists refer to as the human tribe, Hominini, but there is abundant fossil
evidence to indicate that we were preceded for millions of years by other hominins, such
as Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, and other species of Homo, and that our species also
lived for a time contemporaneously with at least one other member of our genus, H.
neanderthalensis (the Neanderthals). In addition, we and our predecessors have always
shared Earth with other apelike primates, from the modern-day gorilla to the long-extinct
Dryopithecus. That we and the extinct hominins are somehow related and that we and the
apes, both living and extinct, are also somehow related is accepted by anthropologists and
biologists everywhere. Yet the exact nature of our evolutionary relationships has been the
subject of debate and investigation since the great British naturalist Charles Darwin
published his monumental books On the Origin of Species (1859) and The Descent of
Man (1871). Darwin never claimed, as some of his Victorian contemporaries insisted he
had, that “man was descended from the apes,” and modern scientists would view such a
statement as a useless simplification—just as they would dismiss any popular notions that
a certain extinct species is the “missing link” between humans and the apes. There is
theoretically, however, a common ancestor that existed millions of years ago. This
ancestral species does not constitute a “missing link” along a lineage but rather a node for
divergence into separate lineages. This ancient primate has not been identified and may
never be known with certainty, because fossil relationships are unclear even within the
human lineage, which is more recent. In fact, the human “family tree” may be better
described as a “family bush,” within which it is impossible to connect a full
chronological series of species, leading to Homo sapiens, that experts can agree upon.
We, humans, are Homo sapiens, a culture-bearing upstanding strolling species that lives
on the ground and probably previously developed in Africa around 315,000 years back.
Human development is the transformative interaction inside the historical backdrop of
primates that prompted the rise of Homo sapiens as a particular type of the hominid
family, which incorporates the extraordinary chimps. This cycle included the continuous
improvement of qualities like human bipedalism and language, as well as interbreeding
with other hominins, which show that human development was not direct yet a web. To
comprehend how Homo sapiens in the long run advanced from these more established
genealogies of hominins, the gathering including present-day people and our nearest
wiped-out family members and precursors, Scientists are uncovering bones and stone
apparatuses, diving into our genes and reproducing the changing conditions that aided
shape our ancestor’s reality and guide their development and evolution.

History

“Human” is from the Latin humanus, the descriptive type of homo. Humans with prior
gorillas by drop turned out to be clear solely after 1859. With the distribution of Charles
Darwin’s – On the Origin of Species, in which he contended for the possibility of the
evolution of new species from prior ones. Darwin applied the hypothesis of advancement
and sexual selection to people in his 1871 book The Descent of Man, and Selection in
Relation to Sex.