Correlational
Design
Barbosa, Maria Ashley Denise M.
Ruiz, Pia Allyson Colett B.
Correlational Design
According to Hassan (2015)
Correlational Design is a non-
experimental research design that
studies the relationship of two or
more variables without manipulating
them. It seeks to establish a
relationship between two or more
variables
Types Correlational
Design
Positive Correlation Negative Correlation Zero Correlation
Positive Correlation Negative Correlation Zero Correlation
indicates that there is a indicates that there is a indicates that there is no
positive relationship to negative relationship relationship between the
the two variables. between the two two variavles.
As one variable variables. If there is a change in one
incrreases, the other As one variable increases, variable, the other one
variable also increases the other one decreases. does not change at all.
According to
Hassan (2015)
When to use the
research design?
01 According to Troy (2021)
Correlation research
design is used when
experimental studies are
difficult to design.
When to use the
research design?
02 Determine the extent to
which two or more
variables are related
(Siegel 2015)
When to use the
research design?
03 There is no attempt
to manipulate the
variables (Siegel
2015)
What tools and
instrument can be used? Observational studies
This method is used to record
observations that are related to the
variables you are studying. It is watching
people interacting. It is the most simple
method as it sees things like objects,
actions, and relationships that eventually
will be your data.
According to
Hassan (2015)
What tools and
instrument can be used?
Archival data
It is a method that uses existing data
sources such as historical records,
census data, case study, medical records
or previous research that can be used to
explore the relationship between the two
variables in your study.
According to
Hassan (2015)
What tools and
instrument can be used?
Survey
It is to collect data by asking
participants to answer
questionnaires or surveys to gather
data and measure the variables.
According to
Hassan (2015)
Foreign Research
Are teachers’ personal values related to their attitudes
toward inclusive education? A correlational study.
Inclusive education is a major challenge for educational systems.
In order to better understand the background to teachers’
attitudes toward inclusive education and given that personal
values underlie and support attitudes, this research seeks to
investigate the link between these two constructs.
Perrin, A., Jury, M., & Desombre, C. (2021). Are teachers’ personal values related to their attitudes toward
inclusive education? A correlational study. Social Psychology of Education, 24(4), 1085–1104.
[Link]
Foreign Research
Surviving in School: A Correlational Study on Teachers’ Social
Emotional Learning, Self-Efficacy, and Response to Students’
Challenging Behaviors
This study explored possible correlations among elementary general
education teachers’ knowledge of Social Emotional Learning (SEL), their
perceived self-efficacy, and their responses to students’ challenging
behaviors. It was hypothesized that teachers with increased levels of
SEL knowledge and perceived self-efficacy would respond to students’
challenging behaviors using methods that allowed for students to
remain in the classroom.
Cumming, P.A. (2020). Surviving in School: A Correlational Study on Teachers’ Social Emotional Learning, Self-Efficacy, and
Response to Students’ Challenging Behaviors. [Link]
Local Research
Correlates of Secondary Students’ Performance and Attitude
Towards Values Education at Ramon Magsaysay High School,
Department of Education, Manila
Based on the study on "correlates of secondary students'
performance and attitude towards values education at ramon
magsaysay high school, department of education, manila", there
are only three factors that have a significant relationship between
the independent and dependent variables which are
competencies of teachers, program goal and strategies used by
the teacher. In regards to to the students performance in their
achievement test and grades obtained, the parents' educational
attainment correlates negatively
Sources:
Hassan, M. (2023, August 15). Correlational Research - methods, types and examples. Research Method.
[Link]
Correlational studies. (n.d.). StudySmarter UK.
[Link]
psychology/correlational-studies/
Research instrument. (n.d.). StudySmarter UK.
[Link]
instrument/#:~:text=Some%20examples%20of%20research%20instruments,results%20for%20the%20re
search%20purpose.
Basic tools for data collection. (2017). Intrac for Civil Society. [Link]
content/uploads/2017/01/[Link]
Perrin, A., Jury, M., & Desombre, C. (2021). Are teachers’ personal values related to their attitudes
toward inclusive education? A correlational study. Social Psychology of Education, 24(4), 1085–1104.
[Link]
Cumming, P.A. (2020). Surviving in School: A Correlational Study on Teachers’ Social Emotional Learning,
Self-Efficacy, and Response to Students’ Challenging Behaviors.
[Link]
Siegle, D. (2015, February 24). Introduction to correlation research. Educational Research Basics by Del
Siegle. [Link]
Troy, C. (2023a, August 29). Correlational Research - Steps & Examples. Research Prospect.
[Link]
Thank you
Signing off
