The Distractive African Swine Fever ( ASF) Phenomenon on Hog raisers in

Oaig Daya Candon City

A research paper presented to the faculty of Nicosat Colleges Inc.

Senior High School

In partial fulfillment of the

requirements of the subject

Practical Research 1

Researchers:

Agrisola, Earl Justine A.

Del Rosario, Charmaine G.

Garcellano, Mc Jaylord R.

Lacbao, Ailen Joy U.

Lobendino, Ralph L.

Novida, Norryne Myla N.

November 2023
 Chapter I

Introduction

Backround of the Study

African swine fever (ASF) has existed for more than a century. ASF

is a highly deadly disease affecting the piggery owners, devastating pork

industries around the globe. ASF was first described in 1921 in Kenya. In the

decades that followed, it spread in several sub-Saharan African countries but

remained on the African Continent until 1957. ASF has been endemic in part of

Africa for decades, but in recent years, it has spread to other regions including

Europe, Asia, and the Americas. In the province of Rizal, nearby Manila the

Philippines reported its first cases of ASF in July 2019. Since then, the virus has

expanded to Cavite, Pampanga, Bulacan, Nueve Ecija, among other regions. The

ASF outbreaks had a major impact on the pork market in the Philippines, leading

to the slaughter of more than 300,000 pigs. (Space-Time Dynamics of African

Seine Fever Spread in the Philippines).

Only a few of hograisers in Oaig Daya were impacted by ASF even though

it began here while ASF was at its peak in Candon City although it is difficult to

accept, all of the pigs that tested positive for ASF were promptly electrocuted they

used electrical stunner to kill the pigs and buried entirely on the ground with the

assistance of the administrators of the veterinary office of our City. The pat

barangay had no idea that their pig would be affected by ASF in October,

considering that this was their primary source of income for many years. The
good mayor of Candon City will manage of assistance for people in need, the

government purpose is to restore the quantity of pork here in our barrio. As the

ASF problem is correctly gradually resolved, the supply of hog meat in public

market has also decreased.

ASF’s clinical symptoms may appear as acute, subacute, or chronic. ASF

takes a variety of times for incubation, but it typically takes five to fifteen days.

Pigs experiencing the acute type have a high body temperature (40.5 degrees C or

105 degrees F), which is followed by fatigue and loss of appetite. Additional

symptoms could vary, but they will consist of some or all of the following;

Spitting, diarrhea ( sometimes with blood), skin that is reddened or darkened,

especially around the ears and nose sticky eyeballs, coughing and breathing

difficulties abortion, poor litters, and weakness. It is possible for African Swine

Fever to spread by; directly touch with bodily fluids, through air, feces, or

diseased pigs, indirect interaction between pig farms with inadequate biosecurity

trough fomites, such us machinery, cars or employees who deal with pigs.

Efforts to control ASF involve strict biosecurity measures, such as

quarantine, movement restrictions, and depopulation of infected or at- risk herds.

Surveillance, early detection, and public awareness campaign are also important

strategies in managing the disease. The issues that need to be addressed include

the development of risk maps and models for ASF diffusion, awareness of the risk

factors involved in ASF entrance and spread, virus-host interactions, virus,

transmission mechanisms, and improved knowledge of the presence of vectors

trained in continuing education. Unfortunately, the state of affairs right now

suggests that we won’t be able to overlook. African swine disease for very long.

Since this is a global threat, every nation needs to sufficiently prepared.

Statement of the Problem

Based on the interview, the researchers observed that their problem is their

loss of money or financial problem of the Hog Risers of Oaig Daya Candon City.

Significance of the Study

Identifying their losses in buying feeds and everything that was spend on the pigs

and even how they were affected by this disease.

The following individuals will benefits from this study:

Administrator – Through the help of the hog raisers who been affected by the ASF

to let them know how much was spent and affected in this barangay.

Hog raisers – Through this study the hog raisers can get an assistance from the

City Mayor and Veterinary office.

the same or related study. This study will help enlighten and be exploring their

study.

Objectives

This research aimed to know what they went through and the condition of the

respondent of Oaig Daya who affected by the ASF.

Specifically, the study aimed to answer:

1. How they coped despite what they went through.

Time and Place of the Study

This Study was conducted in every sitio’s of Barangay Oaig Daya Candon City

Ilocos Sur especially to the affected by the African Swine Fever (ASF).

Scope and Delimitation

This study will focus on the Hog raisers. As the researchers conduct this, the

researchers should know the personal profile and the what they have been through.
Definition of Terms

Oaig Daya – a barangay that conducted the research.

ASF- it is a disease that kills and infects other pigs.

Hog Raisers- they are the ones raising pigs and their finances have been affected

because of the ASF disease.

Electrical Stunner- this is what they use to kill the pigs if they are detected

positive for the disease.

Buried- this is what veterinary office do when they have killed pigs if detected

positive.
 Chapter II

Methodology

Research Design

The researchers will use narrative type of research that will utilize a

questions and interview as a main tool in gathering data. Descriptive research is a

method used to in wide variety of research methods to investigates on or more

variable. The term descriptive research refers to the type of research question,

design and data analysis that will applied to given topic. We used this type of

research because we use questionnaire, observation and interview to the

respondents.

Source of Data

The researchers gather data in Barangay Oaig Daya Candon City, the

researchers gathered in the residents of Barangay Oaig Daya who are affected by

the ASF disease. We conducting interviews to gathered information about the

experiences of the respondents. Through questionnaires the researchers gather

important information. The researchers also gather data through online. Exploring

online platforms such as websites, blogs and other platforms.

The researchers used questionnaire and interview it is a qualitative data

collection. The questionnaire is objective while the nature of the interview is

subjective. In an interview, open-ended questions are asked by the interviewer to

the respondent. As against this, closed-ended questions are asked through a

questionnaire. The questionnaire provides fact based information to the

respondents. (Surbhi S, 2018).

Qualitative surveys use open-ended questions to produce long form written/

typed answers. Questions will aim to reveal opinions, experiences, narratives. Each

method of surveying has strengths and limitations. (deakin.libquides.com,2023)

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers prepared a letter sign by their adviser. The researchers

constructed a questions to answer the respondents. This research conducted in

every sitio’s of Oaig Daya Candon City. The researchers went to the houses of

their respondents to ask if they wanted to do an interview, if they approved the

researchers would do the interview. Between the respondents and the researchers

the interview was recorded through cellphone. The researchers explain to the

respondents that their answers is very important for the study. The interviews were

open-ended, and require the respondents to provide their answer to the questions.

After the respondents answered the questions, the researchers collected.

The researchers will firstly ask permission to the affected respondents of

Baranggay Oaig Daya Candon City before conducting the research, the researchers

will not force the respondents to be interviewed and we make sure that their

personal information of the respondents will be confidential. The researchers was

interviewed the respondents privately, in conducting the research it is a face to face

interview. When the participants approved to be interviewed it get the personal

information like name, age, date, address, date of birth, sex and the signature of the

respondents to identify that they were interviewed.

Mode of Analysis

The researchers that gathered data were analyzed using the process of

systematizing Colaizzi’s Methodology and descriptive data collected through

interviews, surveys, and observations and interpreting it.

Colaizzi’s method of data analysis is rigorous and robust, and therefore a

qualitative method that ensures the credibility and reliability of its results. (Lisa

Wirihana, 2018)

When we interviewed, we made questions to answer the respondents, we

used a cellphone to record the respondents answers about the questions of the

researchers. The respondents answers is Ilokano and tagalog, we need to transcribe

in English language. All the collected data will be combined to form all the

statements will be formed more properly.