Evolution of
Management Theories
Management Theories
• are theories that help improve the management
process
Management Process
• is the coordinating and overseeing of the work
performance of individuals working together in
organizations so that they could efficiently and
effectively accomplish their chosen goals.
Types and Theories of
Management
A. Scientific Management Theory
• Proponent: Frederick W. Taylor
• He is also known as the Father of
Scientific Management
• This management theory makes use of
the step by step, scientific methods for
finding the single best way for doing a
job.
Taylor’s Scientific Management
Principles are as follows:
• Use scientific approach in developing an element for
each worker not just a mere rule of thumb.
• Scientifically select and then train, teach, and develop
the workers.
• Cooperation and not individualism
• Division of labor accordingly
Types and Theories of
Management
B. General Administrative Theory
• Proponent: Henri Fayol & Max Weber
• It emphasizes departmentalization of
functions or activities to be performed for
achieving a common purpose.
• It also focuses on the good management
practice or implementation.
14 Management Principles of
Henri Fayol
1. Division of labor – breaking of job into specialized tasks
for efficiency of productivity.
2. Authority – right given to a person to influence by
giving orders or command to a person.
3. Discipline – the uniform application of rightful behavior.
4. Unity of Command – employees must have only one
supervisor.
14 Management Principles of
Henri Fayol
5. Unity of Direction – efforts of every employee must be
aligned to organizational objectives.
6. Subordination of the individual interest to the general
interest – employees must prioritize the welfare of the
organization rather than self-interest.
7. Remuneration – employees should be paid fairly and
accordingly with the prescribed labor
laws.
14 Management Principles of
Henri Fayol
8. Centralization – the concentration of control of an
activity or organization under a single
authority. Decentralization is the
empowerment of sub-groups in
organization due to complexity or growth.
9. Scalar chain – employees should follow the official chain
of command and must not by-pass the
authorities found in organizational charts.
14 Management Principles of
Henri Fayol
10. Order – human and non-human resources should
be in proper places.
11. Equity – result of kindliness and justice in every decision.
12. Stability of tenure – employees must be assured of
permanency of job position.
13. Initiative – management must let employees to act own
their own free-will or volition.
14. Esprit de Corps – teamwork by having harmony and
sense of unity.
Weber’s Bureaucracy
1. division of labor
2. hierarchical identification
3. detailed rules and regulations
4. impersonal connections with one another
Types and Theories of
Management
C. Total Quality Management (TQM)
• Proponent: W. Edwards Deming and
Joseph M. Juran
• It is about the the quality imposition to
products or services.
• It should be quality over quantity
Types and Theories of
Management
D. Organizational Behavior (OB)
Approach
• involves the study of the conduct, demeanor, or
action of people at work.
• Robert Owen, Mary Parker Follett, Hugo
Munsterberg, and Chester Barnard were the early
supporters of the OB approach.
