W7%, Whih thn lullwi ,

bien in tweaha
n) N K, 0
1NII, A, - 10
( C,NII, , -1 0
, An aqupoun
nulution of noli ilr trmntud Tavwry d
grenter than 7 erm

Na' nmn e with Wnte

earbonatr ine 1 1(

molernlo
A
74. At0T
22. Tinr i l furaben typen nniun
purv Iwater bnn 1,0 n n aton
of 10 mnol Tl K, nt 00n
a) 10
2 . 1,19,
276. The dibaaice
pmeipitatr of Cal, K 710 ) in fr) tribH ne f the
obtained when equal volunen of the
are mixed
followin 24. Whirh nne of 1he ollowing onpounds
(a 10 M C'a 10 MF
b)10 M Ca+ 10 M OH,
c) 10 M Ca+ 10 MF dOH
d 10 M Ca 10 MF
2H. Ammonin gan diHlvem in water togive NH
276. What the In thin roaction, wnte:r acta a
is
decreaning order of ntrength of Lhe
bases: O1, NII,, I1 ) an acid b) a base
nd ( 11, C1, 7
(c) nalt d) a conjugate ta
(a) CH,-(I, NII, I1-CmC O
bH-C C 28%. With reference to protonic acids, which f
C,CU, NII, (O
following mlatement correct?
(c) OHNI, I1-CC
(1, -C1, (a) PH, in more basic than NH,
d NH,H-CEC O CH,-CU, (b) PH, i lemn banic than NH,
277. Among the following acids, which has the (e) PH, in equally basic as NH,
pK, value?
lowet d) PH, i amphoteric while NH, is basic
(a) CH,COOH
(c) (CH,,CHOOH
(b HCOO 287. The conjugate base of |CrH,O), CIP i
d) CH,CH,COOH
(a) JCH,O,* (b) 1CH0),CIP
278. The molar solubility (in mol 1')
soluble salt MX, is 'S'. The
of a sparingly (c) 1CH,0,OHCI* (d
ICrHO),0HCI
corresponding 288. Which of the following orders regarding
solubility product is K,,, Sis given in terms of acd
K., by the relation Htrength is correct?
(a) HCOOH CH,COOH PhCOOH
(a) S =(256 K,h (h) S= (128 K,
<
<

(c) S = (K,/128) (d) S= (K,/256) (b) HCOOH PhCOOH >

>
CH,COOH
279. The dissociation
(c) HCOOH> CH,COOH> PhCOOH
constantsoffew monobasic acids (d) CH,COOH >
HCOOH> PhCOOH
are given in
parenthesia. Which one of the
following is the strongest acid?
(a) Acid A (K, = 1,45 x 10 ) Numerical Value Type Questions
(b) Acid B (K, = 2.13» 104)
1. Amongst the following, the total number of
(c) Acid C (K, 6.67x 10
compounds whose aqueous solution turns red
d) Acid D (K, 6.67x 10 ')
litmus paper blue is
280. The following equilibriun is established when KCN, KSO,, (NH,),C,0, NaCl,
hydrogen chloride is diwsol ved in acetic acid.
Zn(NO,
FeCl, KCO,, NH,NO,, LiCN
HC1+ CHCoO (11 (11 0011, 2. An amount of solid NH,HS is placed in a flask
The set that characterises the conjugat acid-
already containing ammonia gas at a certain
base pair is tomperature and 0,50 atm. pressure. Ammonium

388 | Equilibrium JEE Main I CHEMISTRY X

 hydrogen sulphide decomposes to yield NH, and 9. The solubility product of MgF,is7.4 x 1 0 1
H.S gases in the flask. When the decomposition Nal solution is
solubility of MgF, in 0.1 M
reaction reaches equilibrium, the total pressure y x 10", then value of y is
in the flask rises to 0.84 atm. The equilibrium A nB, with
constant (in atm*) for NHJHS decomposition at 10. The progress of the reaction,
time is represented in the given figurc.
this temperature is .
3, Calculate the pH of a solution formed by mixing 0.7
of 0.2 M NH,Cl and 0.1 M NH,. The pK, of
0.5
ammonia is 4.75.

4. For the formation of ammonia, the equilibrium 0.3

constant data at 673 K and 773 K are 1.64 x 10
and 1.44 x 10 respectively. Calculate the heat
3
of reaction in kJ. (R = 8.314 J K mol-1)
Time/Hour
5. N,0, is 25% dissociated at 37°C and one
determine the value
atmosphere pressure. Calculate the percentage On the basis of above graph,
dissociation at 0.1 atmosphere at 37°C. of n.
of a solution if its
6. The pH of 0.004 M hydrazine solution is 9.7. Ifits 11. Calculate the buffer capacity addition of
to 4.832 on
ionisation constant (K,) is x x 10", then value of pH changes from 4.745 solution.
250 mL
1s
0.01 mole of NaOH to its
solution if0.3 g of Ca(OH)»
7. A weak acid HX has pK, = 5. The percentage 12. Calculate the pH the of mL of solution.
dissolved in water to give 500
degree of hydrolysis of 0.1 M solution of its salt
of PCl; at a certain
13. The degree of dissociation
NaX is temperature and under atmospheric
pressure is

8. In the following equilibrium, N,O4 2NO2g at which it

0.2. Calculate the pressure (in atm)
when 5 moles of each is taken and the will be half dissociated at the same temperature.
temperature is kept at 298 K, the total pressure is 6.7 x 10-6 M.
14. The solubility of Pb(OH), in water
was found to be 20 bar. in buffer solution of
The solubility of Pb(OH), a

Given: AG, (N,0,) = 100 kJ; AG°,(NO,) = 50 kJ mol L-, then value
pH 8 is equal to yx 10
=

Find AG of the reaction at 298 K in kJ/mol. of y is

QUESTIONS FROM PREVIOUS YEARS' JEE MAIN

1. The equilibrium constant at 298 Kfora reaction, 4. Addition of sodium hydroxide solution to a weak
A+BC +D is 100. If the initial concentration acid (HA) results in a buffer of pH 6. Ifionisation
of all the four species were 1 M each, then constant of HA is 105, the ratio of salt to acid
equilibrium concentration of D (in mol L-l) will1 concentration in the buffer solution will be
be (a) 5:4 (b) 1: 10
(a) 0.182 (b) 0.818 (c) 4 5 (d) 10: 1
(c) 1.818 d) 1.182 (2016) (Online 2017)
A solid XYkept in an evacuated sealed container 5. 50 mL of 0.2 M ammonia solution is treated
undergoes decomposition to form a mixture of with 25 mL of 0.2 M HCI. If pK, of ammonia
gases X and Y at temperature
T. The solution is 4.75, the pH of the mixture will be
equilibrium pressure is 10 bar in this vessel. K, (a) 4.75 (b) 3.75
for this reaction is (c) 9.25 d) 8.25 (Online 2017)
(a) 25 (b) 100 6. An aqueous solution contains 0.10 M HS and
(c) 10 (d) 5 (Online 2016) 0.20 M HCI. If the equilibrium constants for the
3. pK, 0f a weak acid (HA) and pK, of a weak base formation of HS* from H,S is 1.0 x 10-7 and that
(BOH) are 3.2 and 3.4 respectively. The pH of $2 from HS ions is 1.2 x 10-13 then the
their salt (AB) solution is concentration of'S ions in aqueous solution is
(b) 1.0
(a) 5 x 10-3 (b) 3 x 10-20
(a) 7.0
(2017) (c) 6 x 1021 (d) 5 x 10-19 (2018)
(c) 7.2 (d) 6.9

JEE Main | CHEMISTRY

X Equilibrium | 389
 e q u i
librium according o th
l i b r i u m

reach
to
allowed

an
unknown r e a c t i o n ,

COCl
solution contains CO+Cl2
1 M
An
ofCO is
aqueous
7. of a prou.

concentration of Ba*. When 50 ml

ifone
mole
then
added, BaSO, just
begins equilibrium,
(K,)
for the reaction i
reaet

solution of Na,SO, is The At constant

mlL.
final volume is 500 (b)3
to precipitate. The
equilibrium

What is
is 1x 10 ", (d) 2.5 (Online 2018)
solubility product ofBaSO, (n) 4
c o n c e n t r a t i o n of Ba2
? to4.
the original " M
(c) 2
is 20%
dis5Ociated
Ar The
(b) 2 x 10 gas A, 320 K and 1 atm
(a) 5 x 10 M 1"
M At 320
K, a
change at
320
(d) 1.0 x 10 16. energy

(c) 1.1 x 10 M (2018) Blandard

free
a p p r o x i m a t e l y

mol i a .693; In 3= 09)

'; In 2 =
0.6
in J
are Lewis acids? JK'mol
Which of the following (R=8.314 b) 4763
(b) AlCl and SiClh (d) 1844 (Online 20I
(a) PH and BCl (a) 1281

(c) PH and SiClL (d) BCl, and AlCl, (c) 2068

(2018) N,O is an
r e a c l i o n , 2NOaw

most basic in phase decomp0sition

16. The gas of
exothermic reaction. The
9. Which of the following salts is the of NO,
mixture
aqueous solution? equilibrium
(b) CHC0OK N,O, in by
(a) AlCN
increased

be
at constant volim.
can
(d) PbCH,COO)% N,Og» inert gas ne
(c) FeCl (2018) addition of an
(a) pressure

increasing
the
an increase (b)
reactions, temperature

10. In which of the following lowering

the
pressure.
of the container will favour the (c) inert gas at
constant
in the volume
(d)
addition of an (Online 2018)
formation of products?
solution is added t
(a) 2NOag) 2NO+ Oze 17. 20 mL of
0.1 M HgSO,
solution. The pH of the
(b) 302 203g) of 0.2 M NH,OH
of NH,OH 4.7
30 mL =

is Ipk,
(c) Hag+ Iag 2Hlg resultant
mixture
b) 9.0
d) 4NH + 50ap 4NO 6H,O (a) 9.4
(Online 2018) (d) 5.2 (January 2019)
(c) 5.0
to chemical
The minimum volume of water required
reversible
11. Consider the
following
saturated 18.
lead (1]) chloride to get a
dssolve 0.1g atomic mass reactions:
solution (K,, of PbCl, 3.2 x 10-8;
=

of Pb 207 u) is Axg)t Batg 2AB)

(a) 0.36 LL b) 0.18 L
...(ii)
(c) 17.98L (d) 1.7983L 6AB 3Aag) +3Bag)
(Online 2018) and K2 is
The relation between Kj
b) KiK2 = 3
12. Which of the following is a Lewis acid? (a) K^K2 1/3 =

b) NFs (c) Ka = K3 (d) K2 = K'

(a) NaH
(d) B(CHs (January 2019)
(c) PH
(Online 2018) L evacuated
introduced in 3.0
19. 5.1 g NH4SH is
13. Following four solutions are prepared by mixing flask at 327°C. 30% of the
solid NH,SH
different
different volumes ofNaOH and HCl of decomposed to NH3 and HaS as gases. The K,
them will
concentrations, pH of which one of of the reaction at 327°C is
be equal to 1? (R 0.082 L atm mol-l K, Molar mass of
=

(a) 75 mL MHCI+ 25 mLNaOH S 32 g mol, molar mass of N 14 g mol-) =

5 5 (a) 0.242x 104 atm2 (b) 0.242 atm2

(c) 1x 10* atm2 (d) 4.9x 10- atm2
b) 100mL HCI+100 mLNaOH January 2019)
10 10
M 20. For the chemical reaction X=Y, the standard
(c) 55 mL HCI + 45 mL NaOH
10 10 reaction Gibbs energy depends on temperature
M M T (in K) as
(d) 60 mLHCl+ 40 mL NaOH
10 10 A,Gin kJ mol) =120-T.
(Online 2018)
14. Atacertain temperature in a 5Lvessel, 2 moles The major component of the reaction mixture
monoxide and3 moles of chlorine were at T is
of carbon
390 Equilibrium JEE Mainl CHEMISTRY X
 316 K (b) Yif T 280 K The oquilibrium constant for the roaction,
(a) Xif T' =
()Xif7 = 350 K d Yif T= 300 K 250%g+Oae280ag is
(Wanuary 2019) (a) 101 (h) 1077
(c) 101I (d) 10 (April 2019)
l , In a chemical reaetion, A+28 2C+D,
M HCI solution was
the initial concentration of B was 1.5 times of 26. Inan acid-base titration, 0.1
the concentration of A, but the equilibrium added to the NaOH solution of unknown
shows
concentrations of A and B were found to be strength. Which of the following correctly
mixturo in this
equal. The equilibrium constant (K) for the the ehange of pH of the titration
aforesaid chemical reaction is experiment?
(a) 1 (b) 1/4
(c) 4 d) 16 (January 2019) (B)
(A)
92The values of K,/K, for the following reactions V (ml) (ml)
at 300 K are respectively
(At 300 K, RT =24.62 dm* atm mol')
(C) p (D) P
N(8)+Oag)2NO(g) V (ml)
V (ml)
N,Oag)2NOg) (a) (B) (b) (D)
d) (C) (April 2019)
N2g)t 3H2g) 2NHe (c) (A)
(a 24.62 dm atm mol1, 606.0 dm atm* mo 27. What is the molar solubility of AlOH% in
1.65 x 10 dm* atm mol? 0.2 M NaOH solution? Given that, solubility
b) 1,24.62 dm' atm mo-1, 606.0 dm atm2 mo product of AlOH) = 2.4 x 10-4
(c) 1, 24.62 dms atm mol-, 1.65 x 10
dm- b) 12 x 10-21
(a) 3x 10-22
atm mol2 (d) 3 x 10-19
(c) 12 x 10-23
d) 1,41x 10 dm atm' mol, 606 dm atm
mo2
(April 2019)
(January 2019)
28. In which one of the following equilibria,
23. Consider the reaction,
K,*K,?
Ng)t3H2s) 2NH) (a) NO2(g) t+SO2(g) NOe) +SOg8)
The equilibrium constant of the above reaction
is K. Ifpure ammonia is left to dissociate, the b) 2H4)=Ha)t l2(g)
partial pressure of ammonia at equilibrium is
given by (Assume that PNH, <« Rotal at (c) 20+O(g) 2cO(g)
equilibrium) d) 2NO(g) Ng)+ O(8) (April 2019)

(a)
29. If solubility product of Zrg(PO,)% is denoted by
4 4 Kp and its molar solubility is denoted by S,
then which of the following relations between
(c) (d)
|6 16 S and K, is correct?
January 2019) 1/6 1/7
24. Two solids dissociate as follows (a) S (Kp
144) b) S-
A R) +Co)ik = r atm 216 1/7

s ) + Eg):Kp = y atm* d) S=6912)

The total pressure when both the solids
929
dissociate simultaneously is (April 2019)
30. Consider the following statements,
(a) ya+y atm b)x+y atm i) The pH of a mixture containing 400 mLof
(c) 2x+v)atm d) (r+y) atm 0.1 M H,SO, and 400 ml of 0.1 M NaOH
(January 2019) will be approximately 1.3.
25. For the following reactions, equilibrium constants i) Ionic product of water is temperature
are given dependent.
i ) A monobasic acid with K, = 10-5 has a
S+Oag SOagi K1 = 1052
pH = 5. The degree of dissociation of this
2+302 2803g:K2 =10123 acid is 50%.

Main CHEMISTRY X Equilibrium| 391

 (iv)The
to comman
Le Chatelier's principle is not applicable 35. For the of
equilibrium
the forwardAta) and B
reverse
the (b) o
variation
to common-ion effect. is given by
with time
The correct statements are
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (ii)
(c) (i), (ii) and (iv) (d) i), (i) and (ii)
(April 2019) equilibrium
(
31. For thereaction,
mol Time
250ap) Oag) 280ugh all
+ =
-57.2 kJ
and K, = 1.7 x 106
(1
Which of the following statementa is incorrect
equilibrium
(a) The equilibrium will shift in forward b)
direction as the pressure inereases
(b) The addition of inert gas at constant volume Time.

will not affect the equilibrium constant.

(c) The equilibrium constant is large suggestive
of reaction going to completion and so no equilibrium
catalyst is required. (c)
(d) The equilibrium constant decreases as the
temperature increases. (April 2019) Time

32. The molar solubility of Cd(OH), is 1.84x 10- M

in water. The expected solubility of Cd(OH in
a buffer solution of pH = 12 is equilibrium
(d)
(a) 1.84 x 10 M b) 2.49 x 10-10 M
Time
(c) 2.49 10 M d) 6.23 x 10-11 M
(September 2020)
1.84 following reaction
36. Consider the
April 2019) AH +58 kJ
N,Oag) 2NOagj; =

33. The stoichiometry and solubility product of a salt For each of the following cases (1, 2), the
with the solubility curve given below is, direction in which the equilibrium shifts is
respectively (1) temperature is decreased
(a) X,Y, 2x 10-3 M3 (2) pressure is increased by adding N, at
constant T.
b) XY2, 1x 10-° M3 (a) (1) towards product, (2) towards reactant
(c) XY2, 4x 10-° M3 (b) (1) towards reactant, (2) towards product
(c) (1) towards reactant, (2) no change
d) XY, 2 x 104 M3 X/mM
d) (1) towards product, (2) no change.
(January 2020) (September 2020)
34. For the following Assertion and Reason, the
37. 3g of acetic acid is added to 250 mL
correct option is of 0.1 M
HCl and the solution made up to 500 mL. To
Assertion (A): When Cu (II) and sulphide ions
20 mL of this solution 1/2 mL of 5 M NaOH is
are mixed, they react together extremely quickly
to give a solid.
added. The pH of the solution is
Reason (R) : The equilibrium constant of [Given pK, of acetic
acid 4.75, molar=

of acetic acid = 60 g/mol, log 3 = 0.4771)

mass

Cuag)+ag) CuS()is high because the Neglect any changes in volumne.

solubility product is low.
(January 2020)
(a) (A) is false and (R) is true.
b)Both (A) and (R) are false. 38. If the solubility product of AB, is 3.20 x 10-1M
(c) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the then the solubility of AB, in pure water is
explanation for (A). 104 mol
x
L1
(d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
Assuming that neither kind of ion reacts with
explanation for (A). (September 2020)
water]
(September 2020)

392 Equilibrium CHEMISTRY

JEE Main |