MAPUA UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING
ME150-2
AIR CONDITIONING AND VENTILATION SYSTEM
AIR CONDITIONING DESIGN AND VENTILATION SYSTEMS
AIR CONDITIONING DESIGN
Mapua University, North Building 3rd Floor (Zone 1)
Cauman, Paul Andrew A. Date Submitted: May 2, 2023
ME150-2/E01
2020112447
Engr. Renato B. Afurong
INSTRUCTOR
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Actual Selection and Computation
Statement Of The Problem .................................................................................................................. 1
Heat Load ............................................................................................................................................ 4
Air Distribution Design ....................................................................................................................... 9
Chiller Selection ................................................................................................................................ 21
Chiller Economics ............................................................................................................................. 28
Air Handling Unit Selection.............................................................................................................. 34
References
Carier Part 1 ...................................................................................................................................... 44
Carier Part 2 .................................................................................................................................... 117
Chiller Brochure Specification ........................................................................................................ 125
Chiller Economics .............................................................................................................................131
AHU Brochure Specification ........................................................................................................... 138
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1
Air Conditioning Design
Design a centralized air conditioning (Chilled Water) for a Mapua University Building
Complex using the following data & conditions:
1. Summer Month - March
2. Exposure - 12⁰ North Latitude
3. Sun Time - 2 P.M.
4. Daily Range - 16⁰ F
5. Summer Ambient Temperature - 95⁰ FDB and 80⁰ FWB
6. Inside Room Design - 75⁰ FDB and 50% RH
7. Glass Windows - Regular Glass Light Colored (Height 1.5 m)
8. Glass Doors - 0.7 m x 2.2 m or Actual Dimension
Outside Walls - Hollow Concrete Block Sand and
Gravel Aggregate 8-inch-thick., No Interior Finish
Roof - General: Concrete Slab 6-inch-thick with 2-
inch Fiberboard Insulation & with Suspended Acoustic Tile Ceiling ¾-inch-thick
Partition - Hollow Concrete Block, 8 inches (Sand &
Gravel) Thick Both Side Unfinished
Floor - Floor Tile 8-Inch-Thick Sand Aggregate
(Tables 29, 35, and 37)
13. Ceiling - Acoustic Tile Glued, ¾ Inch Thick (Table 30)
14 Floor to Floor Height - 4 Meters
15. Floor to Ceiling Height - 3 Meters
16. Safety and By-Pass Factor - 10%
17. Lighting Load (Utilizes Electronic Ballast) - 2x28 Watts per Fixture (8x8 SM/Fixture)
18. Wide Screen Monitor Per Classroom - 200 Watts
19. Laptops (50% of no. of Students) - 70 Watts Per Laptop (30 Students/Class)
20. Offices (2 SM/Person); Canteen (60 Persons); Library (80 Persons)
21. Apply Sash and Diversity Factor
2
REQUIREMENTS
A. Air Conditioning Load Estimate
A.1 Student Report
1. Statement of the Problem
2. Heat Load per Floor
3. Psychrometric Charts per Floor
4. Whole Floor Figure Indicating the Outside and Design Conditions (Temps etc.)
B. Supply Air Duct Design Using Equal Friction Method
1. Schematic Diagram of Air Ducts Showing Length of Duct and Cfm Per Branch
2. Selection of Duct Velocity and Initial Computation
3. Tabulations of Air Duct Design Sizes
4. Longest Run
5. Total External Static Pressure
6. Diffuser Velocity Selection and Initial Computation of Diffuser Sizes
7. Tabulation of Quantity of Diffuser Sizes, Velocity & CFM
8. Schematic Diagram of Air Ducts Showing Sizes of Ducts and Sizes of Diffuser with
CFM Rating
C. Equipment
Selection
1. Packaged Chiller
A. Estimated Capacity of Chiller (Water Cooled)
B. Chiller Data Selected
C. Chilled and Cooling Water Flow in Gpm
D. Schematic Diagram Showing the Chiller, Cooling Tower, Cooling & Chilled Water
Pumps, Flow Rate in Gpm, Entering/Leaving Temperatures and Pressure Drops on the
Chiller & Condenser.
E. High-Lighted Selected Data on The Brochure
F. Specification of the Chiller
2. Air Handling Unit
A. AHU Tabulated Data
B. AHU Data Selected
C. Chilled and Cooling Water Flow in Gpm
D. Schematic Diagram of Ahus E. Highlighted Selected Data of the Brochure.
F. Specification of Ahus
D. Economics – Comparison of Air-Cooled & Water-Cooled Chillers
3
HEAT LOAD
4
ORIENTATION
5
6
7
8
AIR DISTRIBUTION DESIGN
9
I. Schematic diagram of air ducts showing length of Duct and CFM per branch.
10
11
II. election of duct velocity and initial computation
Total CFM: 14187 CFM
From table 7: Initial Velocity= 2000 FPM
Duct area: 14187 CFM/2000 FPM = 7.0935 sq.ft
12
From table 6: Duct size = 34 in x 34 in
Diameter Inlet Pipe = 7.54 in.
13
III. Tabulation of air duct design sizes
Duct Air CFM Cap Duct Area Area Duct Size
Section Quantity % % 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝟐𝟐 In.
CFM
AHU - A 14187 100 100 7.09 34 in x 34 in
AHU - 1 554 4% 7.0 0.50 10 in x 10 in
A-2 554 4% 7.0 0.50 10 in x 10 in
A-3 554 4% 7.0 0.50 10 in x 10 in
A-4 411 2% 3.5 0.25 10 in x 10 in
A-5 545 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
A-6 411 2% 3.5 0.25 10 in x 10 in
A-7 545 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
A-8 419 3% 5.5 0.39 10 in x 10 in
A-9 545 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
A-10 419 3% 5.5 0.39 10 in x 10 in
A-11 545 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
A-12 556 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
A-13 545 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
A-14 556 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
A-15 545 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
A-16 556 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
A-17 557 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
14
A-18 557 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
A-19 557 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
B-20 1824 13% 19.5 1.38 16 in x 16 in
20-21 1216 9% 14.5 1.03 14 in x 14 in
21-22 608 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
B-22 1216 9% 14.5 1.03 14 in x 14 in
22-23 608 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
B-24 1216 9% 14.5 1.03 14 in x 14 in
24-25 608 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
25-26 608 4% 7.0 .50 10 in x 10 in
15
IV. ongest Run
16
Duct Section Item Length (ft) Additional
Equivalent Length
AHU-A Duct 5.18
Elbow 0.8 18
A-20 Duct 31.86
Elbow 9
20-21 Duct 1.21
Elbow 9
21-22 Duct 0.18
elbow 5
Total 39.23 41
LRAD 80.23 ft
17
V. Total external static pressure
External Total static pressure = (RAD * Friction Rate) +Operating Pressure of the Terminal
0.13 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑊𝑊.𝐺𝐺.
External Total static pressure = (80.23 ft) ( 100 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓
) +0.1 in W.G.
External Total static pressure = 0.2043 in W.G.
0.13 in. WG per 100 � of eq. length
14187 CFM
2000 FPM
18
VI. Diffuser velocity selection and initial computation of diffuser sizes
From table 20: 𝑉𝑉𝐷𝐷 = 1250 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹
sq .ft
cfm 411 CFM �144 �
DxD = = sq in
= 94.6944 in.2
0.5V 0.5(1250 fpm)
D = √94.6944 in.2 = 9.73 in.
DxD = 10x10
Room Diffuser Total No. of Volume Velocity Sizes of
Number No. room Diffusers CFM/Diffusers FPM Diffusers
CFM
N-306 1,2,3 1662 3 554 1250 12 in x 12 in
N-308A 4,6 822 2 411 1250 10 in x 10 in
N-308B 8,10 838 2 419 1250 10 in x 10 in
N-309 5,7,9 1635 3 545 1250 12 in x 12 in
N-310 16,14,10 1668 3 556 1250 12 in x 12 in
N-311 11,13,15 1635 3 545 1250 12 in x 12 in
N-312 17,18,19 1671 3 557 1250 12 in x 12 in
N-313,302 20,21,22, 4256 7 608 1250 12 in x 12 in
23,24,24
19
VIII. Schematic diagram of air ducts showing sizes of diffusers with CFM rating
20
CHILLER SELECTION
21
1. Estimated Capacity of Chiller
Items North Z-1 North Z-2 South Z-1 South Z-2 North West South West West Main
First Floor 33.42 31.69 33.33 32.24 29.49 40.76 28.29 25.05
Second Floor 30.18 39.52 23.82 40.24 41.32 19.93 30.77 45.71
Third Floor 45.91 30.36 12.47 46.3 43.42 44.42 68.14 32.08
Fourth Floor 30.36 31.88 21.63 50.067 41.33 40.56 68.19 30.79
Fifth Floor x x x x x x x x
Total in Tons 139.87 133.45 91.25 168.85 155.56 145.67 195.39 133.63
Overall Total 1163.67 + 10% = 1280.037
22
2. Chiller Data Selected
Chiller Model and Size Water-Cooled Chiller (30HXC-206)
Quantity of Chillers 5
Operating Capacity of Chiller per Ton 250.16
Operating Input KW of Chiller 182.6
Compressor Type Screw
Number of Compressors per Chiller 3
Chiller Efficiency (KW/Ton) 0.7299
Chiller Operating Refrigerant R-134a
Condenser Type Water-Cooled Shell and Tube
Condenser Water Flow (gpm) 718.74
Condenser Entering and Leaving Water Temps 88℉/ 98℉
Condenser Water Pressure Drop (ft) 18
Chiller Type (Evaporator) Shell and Tube
Chilled Water Flow (gpm) 599.8
Chiller Entering and Leaving Water Temps 55℉/45℉
Chiller Water Pressure Drop (ft) 15
23
3. Chiller and Cooling Water Flow in gpm
Interpolate between 85℉ and 90℉:
90 − 88 248.4 − 𝑅𝑇
Capacity = =
90 − 85 248.4 − 252.8
Capacity = 250.16 TOR
90 − 88 188.8 − 𝑅𝑇
Input Power = =
90 − 85 188.8 − 173.3
Input Power = 182.6 TOR
90 − 88 595.6 − 𝑅𝑇
Cooler Flowrate = =
90 − 85 595.6 − 606.1
Cooler Flowrate = 599.8 gpm
90 − 88 718.7 − 𝑅𝑇
Condenser Flowrate = =
90 − 85 718.7 − 718.8
Condenser Flowrate = 718.74 gpm
kW 182.6
=
TOR 250.16
𝐤𝐖 kW
= 0.7299
𝐓𝐎𝐑 To n
24
15 ft. W.G
599.8 gpm
25
18 ft. W.G
718.74 gpm
26
4. Schematic Diagram of the Chiller Showing the Different Parameters
98 °F
55°F
∆𝑃𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟 = 15 𝑓𝑡 𝑊𝐺
718.74 gpm 599.8 gpm
718.74 gpm ∆𝑃𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟 = 15 𝑓𝑡 𝑊𝐺
599.8 gpm
718.74 gpm
∆𝑃𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟 = 15 𝑓𝑡 𝑊𝐺 599.8 gpm
718.74 gpm
∆𝑃𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟 = 15 𝑓𝑡 𝑊𝐺
599.8 gpm
718.74 gpm
∆𝑃𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟 = 15 𝑓𝑡 𝑊𝐺
599.8 gpm
45°F
27
CHILLER ECONOMICS
28
1. Comparison of Air-Cooled & Water-Cooled Chillers
29
CHILLER INITIAL EQUIPMENT COST
1280 TON CAPACITY
Equipment First Cost
Air-cooled Water-cooled
Air-conditioning chiller Php 3,008,060 Php 1,681,790
Difference in cost Php 1,326,270
*Given that most of the equipment are available in US Dollar Currency, shown below is the
exchange rate for US Dollar to Peso as of April 16, 2023.
1 USD = 55.22 Philippine Peso
1 USD = 55 Philippine Peso
Air-Cooled Air-Conditioning Chiller
Price Calculation
$22,000
= $220 per ton
100 TR
$220
× 248.6 tons = $54,692
Ton
$54,692 × 55 = 𝐏𝐡𝐩 𝟑, 𝟎𝟎𝟖, 𝟎𝟔𝟎
Water-Cooled Air-Conditioning Chiller
Price Calculation
$22,000
= $220 per ton
100 TR
$220
× 248.6 tons = $54,692
Ton
$54,692 × 55 = 𝐏𝐡𝐩 𝟑, 𝟎𝟎𝟖, 𝟎𝟔𝟎
Price Calculation
$42 × 55 = 𝐏𝐡𝐩 𝟐, 𝟑𝟏𝟎
The height of the North Building in Mapua University is measured to be 16 m, while the
chosen centrifugal pump’s maximum head is 25 m.
Therefore, the Maximum Head is greater than the height of the North Building.
30
Input Power for Air-Cooled Chiller
261.9/251 = 1.04 kW/Ton
Input Power for Water-Cooled Chiller
Input Power for 206 Unit Size = 172.4 kW
31
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
kW
Items
Air-cooled Water-cooled
Air-conditioning chiller [1.04 (1280) ]1331.2 kW [1280 (0.693)] 887.04 kW
[15 hp (0.746 kW)] 11.2 kW
Cooling Tower N/A
[11.2 kW (5 Towers)] 56 kW
Cooling Water pump N/A [30 kW (5 pumps)] 150kW
Condenser Fans Included N/A
Total Demand 1331.2 kW 1093.04kW
Difference in kW 238.16 kW
DAILY ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Daily kWh Consumption
Items
Air-cooled Water-cooled
Air-conditioning Chiller [1331.2 (10 hours)] [887.04 (10 hours)]
13312 kWh 8870.4 kWh
Cooling Tower N/A [56 (10 hours)] 560 kWh
Cooling Water Pump N/A [150 (10 hours)] 1500 kWh
Condenser Fans N/A N/A
Total Energy Consumption 13312 kWh 10930.4 kWh
Total Energy Savings 2381.6 kWh
DEMAND CHARGE
From Meralco = Php 400 per kW per month
Cost
Items
Air-cooled Water-cooled
Total Power Demand in kW 1331.2 kW 1093.04 kW
Monthly Demand Charge [1331.2 (400)] 532,480 [1093.04 (400)] 437,216
Annual Demand Charge [532,480 (12)] 6,389,760 [437,216 (12)] 5,246,592
Annual Savings (Demand) Php 1,143,168
32
ENERGY COST
From Meralco = Php 11.43 per kWh
Energy and Cost
Items
Air-cooled Water-cooled
Monthly Consumption kWh [13312 (30 days)] 399,360 [8870.4 (30 days)] 266,112
Monthly Energy Cost [399,360 (11.43)] 4,564,684 [266,112 (11.43)] 3,041,660
Annual Energy Cost [4,564,684 (12)] 54,776,217 [3,041,660 (12)] 36,499,922
Annual Energy Savings Php 18,276,295
ANNUAL OPERATING COST
Energy and Cost
Items
Air-cooled Water-cooled
Annual Demand Charge 6,389,760 5,246,592
Annual Energy Cost 54,776,217 36,499,922
Annual Operating Cost 61,165,977 41,746,514
Annual Savings Php 19,419,463
33
AIR HANDLING UNIT SELECTION
34
1.. U Selection Data and Chilled Water Flow
AIR-HANDLING UNIT
ITEM
AHU N1-1 (Zone 1) AHU N1-2 (Zone 1)
Capacity in Tons (Grand Total Heat or Total 22.96 22.96
Capacity) TC in Tons and BTU/HR 275478.9063 275478.9063
Sensible Capacity (Room Sensible Heat + 19.92 19.92
Outdoor Air Heat) SC in Tons and BTU/HR 201,643 201,643
Entering Dry Bulb / Entering Wet Bulb in F 79℉/52.9℉ 79℉/52.9℉
Leaving Dry Bulb / Leaving Wet Bulb in F 54.27℉/66.6℉ 54.27℉/66.6℉
Dehumidified CFM 7029.79 7029.79
External Static Pressure in inch water gage 0.2043 0.2043
Chilled Water Flow in gallons per minute 55.104 gpm 55.104 gpm
Entering / Leaving Chilled Water Temp. F 45℉/55℉ 45℉/55℉
(12,000)(22.96)
Chilled Water Flow =
(500)(55 − 45)
Chilled Water Flow = 55.104 gpm
35
2.. U Selected Data
ITEM AHU N11 (Zone 1) AHU N12 (Zone 1)
Unit Model/Size LPC-AF 12-E-K LPC-AF 12-E-K
SIZE 12 SIZE 12
Fan CFM (with reference to
7029 7029
DCFM)
Type of Fan (Forward,
FAN Backward, or Aerofoil Curve FORWARD FORWARD
Blades)
Selected Motor Brake
5.0 5.0
Horsepower
Sheave Revolution per
822 822
Minute
External Static Pressure
(Air Distribution Losses in 0.2043 0.2043
inch water gage)
Internal Static Pressure
(Losses in the AHU in inch 1.0573 1.0573
TOTAL STATIC water gage)
PRESSURE
• Mixing Box 0.1009 0.1009
• Angle Filter 0.0904 0.0904
• Cooling Coil (Air
0.8660 0.8660
Side)
Total Static Pressure 1.2616 1.2616
Cooling Coil Model SIZE 14 SIZE 14
Cooling Coil Capacity in
284,664 284,664
BTU/hr
Face Area in Square Feet 14.3 14.3
Face Velocity in Feet per
490.0853 490.0853
Minute
AIR SIDE Number of Rows per Coil 6 6
Cooling Coil Entering Dry
80℉/67℉ 80℉/67℉
and Wet Bulb Air
(79℉/52.9℉) (79℉/52.9℉)
COOLING Temperature in F
COIL Cooling Coil Leaving Dry
53.99℉/53.79℉ 53.99℉/53.79℉
and Wet Bulb Air
(54.27℉/66.6℉) (54.27℉/66.6℉)
Temperature in F
Cooling Coil Chilled Water
56.89 56.89
Flow in GPM
Cooling Coil Entering and
WATER
Leaving Chilled Water 45℉/55℉ 45℉/55℉
SIDE
Temperature in F
Cooling Coil Chilled Water
7.66 7.66
Pressure Drop in Feet
36
Interpolation:
Mixing Box
7000 − 7029.79 0.10 − ∆𝐏
=
7000 − 7700 0.10 − 0.12
𝐌𝐒 ∆𝐏 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟗 𝐢𝐧. 𝐖𝐆
Angle Filter
7000 − 7029.79 0.09 − ∆𝐏
=
7000 − 7700 0.09 − 0.10
37
𝐀𝐅 ∆𝐏 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟗𝟎𝟒 𝐢𝐧. 𝐖𝐆
SELECTED:
5.0 BHP
822 RPM
1.2616 in. WG
7700 cfm
Interpolation [1.0 in WG]
7000 − 7029.79 759 − RPM2
= → RPM2 = 790.62 RPM
7000 − 7700 759 − 797
Interpolation [1.5 in WG]
7000 − 7029.79 849 − RPM2
= → RPM2 = 850.49 RPM
7000 − 7700 849 − 884
Interpolation [1.2616 in WG]
1.0 − 1.2616 699.3 − RPM
= → RPM = 821.94 RPM
1.0 − 1.5 699.3 − 724.43
𝐑𝐏𝐌 ≈ 𝟖𝟐𝟐 𝐑𝐏𝐌
38
Interpolation [1.0 in WG]
7000 − 7029.79 3.70 − BHP2
= → BHP2 = 4.17 BHP
7000 − 7700 3.70 − 4.60
Interpolation [1.5 in WG]
7000 − 7029.79 4.33 − BHP2
= → BHP2 = 4.86 BHP
7000 − 7700 4.33 − 5.34
Interpolation [1.2616 in WG]
1.0 − 1.2616 4.17 − BHP
= → BHP = 821.94 BHP
1.0 − 1.5 4.17 − 4.86
𝐁𝐇𝐏 ≈ 𝟓 𝐁𝐇𝐏
39
Interpolation:
Cooling Coil Pressure Drop
7000 − 7029.79 0.86 − ∆𝐏
=
7000 − 7700 0.86 − 1.00
𝐂𝐂 ∆𝐏 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟔𝟔𝟎 𝐢𝐧. 𝐖𝐆
Face Velocity (FPM)
7000 − 7029.79 488 − 𝐅𝐏𝐌
=
7000 − 7700 488 − 537
𝐅𝐏𝐌 = 𝟒𝟗𝟎. 𝟎𝟖𝟓𝟑 𝐟𝐩𝐦
Interpolation:
Total Capacity
BTU
6000 − 7029.79 254.2 − TC 1000
= → TC = 284.6646 MBh × hr
6000 − 7200 254.2 − 289.7 1 MBh
𝐁𝐓𝐔
𝐓𝐂 = 𝟐𝟖𝟒𝟔𝟔𝟒. 𝟔𝟐𝟎𝟖
𝐡𝐫
40
Sensible Capacity
BTU
6000 − 7029.79 177.1 − SC 1000
= → SC = 201.6433 MBh × hr
6000 − 7200 177.1 − 205.7 1 MBh
𝐁𝐓𝐔
𝐒𝐂 = 𝟐𝟎𝟏𝟔𝟒𝟑. 𝟑𝟑
𝐡𝐫
LDB
6000 − 7029.79 53.3 − LDB
= → 𝐋𝐃𝐁 = 𝟓𝟑. 𝟗𝟗℉
6000 − 7200 53.3 − 54.1
LWB
6000 − 7029.79 53.1 − LWB
= → 𝐋𝐖𝐁 = 𝟓𝟑. 𝟕𝟗℉
6000 − 7200 53.1 − 53.9
GPM
6000 − 7029.79 50.8 − GPM
= → 𝐆𝐏𝐌 = 𝟓𝟔. 𝟖𝟗𝐆𝐏𝐌
6000 − 7200 50.8 − 57.9
WPD
6000 − 7029.79 6.2 − WPD
= → 𝐖𝐏𝐃 = 𝟕. 𝟔𝟔 𝐟𝐭.
6000 − 7200 6.2 − 7.9
41
3.. chematic Diagram
42
