HERITAGE TOURISM 4. Reuse - items that have been used.

TOPIC 1: SUSTAINABILITY 5. Renew - repair, rebuild, reconstruct items.

*Sustainability is a holistic approach that 6. Recycle - that have been expired from
considers ecological, social and economic their serviceable purpose.
dimensions, recognizing that all must be
considered together to find lasting 7. Responsibility - mental, moral or legal
prosperity. accountability.

*Sustainable approach is a systems-based 8. Rethink - to change one's mind thought.

approach that seeks to understand the 9. Replant - to replace vegetation on land
interactions which exist among and waterways that have been removed.
environmental, social, and economic pillars
in an effort to better understand the 10. Restore - return damaged systems to
consequences of our actions. their original or better condition.

ELEMENTS OF SUSTAINABILITY PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE

TOURISM
1. Economic Sustainability - refers to
practices that support long term economic 1. Using resources sustainably -
growth without negative impact social, conservation and sustainable use of
environmental and aspects of the resources.
community. 2. Reducing over consumption and waste -
2. Social Sustainability - targets to preserve reduction of over consumption.
social capital by investing and creating 3. Maintaining biodiversity - maintaining
services that constitute the framework of our and promoting.
society.
4. Integrating tourism into planning -
3. Human Sustainability - aims to maintain national and local strategic planning.
and improve the human capital in society.
5. Supporting local economies - supports
4. Environmental Sustainability - aims to wide range of local economic activities.
improve human welfare through the
protection of natural capital land, air, water, 6. Involving local communities - full
minerals etc.). involvement of local communities in the
tourism sector.
10 R's
7. Consulting stakeholders and the public
1. Respect - regard to first have esteem for - consulting between the tourism industry
one's self, then others, property, our natural, and local communities.
physical, cultural, social and economic
environments; and our earth's delicate 8. Training staff - integrates sustainable
ecosystem. tourism into work practices.
2. Refuse - reject the idea of utilizing 9. Marketing tourism responsibly -
anything that may cause harm to oneself, provides tourists with full and responsible
someone else or our ecosystem. information increases respect.
3. Reduce - decrease, cut, lessen or to 10. Undertaking research - using effective
diminish the utilization. data collection and analysis.
TOPIC 2: HERITAGE TOURISM CULTURAL TOURISM IN CONTEXT
PRINCIPLES
- Involves the consumption of a wide
2 types of Cultural Heritage range of cultural manifestations like
heritage, art, folklore and etc. by
- Intangible
tourists.
- Tangible
- Act of travelers visiting particular
3 LEVELS OF CULTURE / ICE BERG destinations in order to experience
OF CULTURE and learn about particular culture.
- Can be regarded as the ‘original
Surface Culture - observable such as a
form’ of tourism considering its roots
persons or community’s food, clothes,
in the GRAND TOUR (16th century)
music, holidays and etc.
Shallow Culture – unspoken rules of social
norms that a person or community has. They
include the attitudes towards elders,
concepts of time, personal space, rules about
eye contact and etc.
Deep Culture – most important form of
culture because it has an intense emotional
impact on trust.
TOURISM
Conceptual Technical
Definition Definition
- The - The
temporary activities of
short-term persons
movement of during their
people to travel and
destinations stay in a
outside the place
places where outside
they their usual
normally live place of
and work, residence,
and activities for a
during their continuous
stay at these period of
destinations. less than
one year, MEANING AND ELEMENTS OF
for leisure, HERITAGE
business or
other Inherited Legacy – heritage is an
purposes. inherited legacy that consists of both
physical items and intangible constructs
of a group of people.
Maintained, Conserved and Preserved
– heritage is passed down from one
generation to another and maintained in
the present form and preserving them for
the advantage of generations to come.
Unique Sense of Identity – heritage is a
person’s unique, inherited sense of
family identity: the values, traditions,
culture, and artifacts handed down by
previous generations.

CONNECTIONS BETWEEN
CULTURE AND HERITAGE
What is Heritage Tourism? - The cultural customs and traditions,
when preserved to the future
“Traveling to experience the places, generations, it becomes a heritage to
artifacts, and activities that authentically the future.
represent the stories and people of the
- Heritage is a keystone of a culture as
past and present. It includes cultural,
it preserves the identity of a culture
historical and natural resources.”
MEANING AND ELEMENTS OF
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
CULTURAL HERITAGE
CULTURE AND HERITAGE
- Is an expression of the ways of living
Culture – can be described as a sum
developed by a community and
total of collective human beliefs with a
passed on from generation to
structured system that is specific to a
generation, including customs,
nation or a time period. It is the shared
practices, places, objects, artistic
social characteristics and behavior,
expression and values.
beliefs, religion, cuisine, music and arts,
language, and so on for a particular - Is often expressed as either
group of peoples that set them apart. intangible and tangible cultural
heritage.
Heritage – is an expression of ways of - As part of human activity cultural
living passed on from generation to heritage produces tangible
generation by a particular group of representations of the value systems,
people or a society. It refers to the things beliefs, traditions and lifestyle.
that you inherit, while culture is the - As an essential part of culture as a
characteristic features that describe a whole, cultural heritage, contains
society. these visible and tangible traces form
antiquity to the recent past.
 to produce traditional crafts.
Intangible cultural heritage is an
important factor in maintaining
cultural diversity in the face of
growing globalization.
- It indicates the practices
representations, expressions,
knowledge as well as the
instruments, objects, artifacts and
cultural spaces associated there with
that communities, groups, and in
TANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE some cases, individuals recognize as
- Includes buildings and historic part of their cultural heritage.
places, monuments, artifacts etc., EXAMPLES
which are considered worthy of
preservation for the future. These a. Oral traditions
includes objects significant to the b. Performing arts
archaeology, architecture, science or c. Rituals
technology of a specific culture. - Tangible and intangible heritage
- Refers to artifacts produced, require different approaches for
maintained and transmitted inter- preservations and safe guarding,
generationally in a society which has been one of the main
- Includes artistic creations, built motivations driving the conception
heritage such as buildings and and ratification of the 2003
monuments, and other physical or UNESCO Convention for the
tangible products of human creativity Safeguarding of the Intangible
that are invested with cultural Cultural Heritage.
significance in a society. - The Convention stipulates the
interdependence between intangible
EXAMPLES Cultural Heritage, and tangible
a. Movable cultural heritage (paintings, cultural and natural heritage, and
sculptures, coins, manuscripts) acknowledges the role of intangible
b. Immovable cultural heritage Cultural Heritage as a source of
(monuments, archaeological sites, cultural diversity and a driver of
etc.) sustainable development.

INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE THE GROWING ATICULATION

BETWEEN CULTURE/HERITAGE
- Includes traditions or living AND TOURISM
expressions inherited from our
Demand Side
ancestors and passed on to our
descendants, such as oral traditions, - Increased interest in culture,
performing arts, social practices, particularly as a source of identity
rituals festive events, knowledge and and differentiation in the face of
practices concerning nature and the globalization.
universe or the knowledge and skills
 - Growing levels of cultural capital, something as an inheritance requires an act
stimulated by rising education levels. of interpretation.
- Aging populations in developed
AIMS AND IMPORTANCE OF
regions.
HERITAGE INTERPRETATION
- Post modern consumption styles,
emphasizing personal development - Aims to enrich experiences,
rather than materialism. stimulate activity and widen
- A desire for direct forms of knowledge.
experience (“life seeing rather than - Understand the character of the
sightseeing”) place, inspire visitors to gain
- Growing importance of intangible knowledge.
culture and the role of image and - Ability to write interesting
atmosphere. interpretive texts
- Increased mobility creating easier - Ability to develop a complex
access to other cultures. interpretation plan for a heritage
area.
Supply Side
- Suggests appropriate tourism
- Development of cultural tourism to management strategies.
stimulate job and income. - (Indispensable) Tourism traffic,
- Cultural/Heritage tourism was seen including guides, tour leader, tourist
as a growth market and “quality” information personnel, tourist
tourism. attraction staff.
- An increasing supply of culture as a - Develop a sensitivity, realize the
result of regional development. importance.
- The growing accessibility of - Interpretation enriches visitors’
information on culture and tourism impressions.
through new technologies. - Visitors’ awareness and instill
- The emergence of new nations and models of behavior.
regions eager to establish a distinct
OBJECTIVES OF INTERPRETATION
identity.
COULD BE FORMULATED AS
- A desire to project the image of FOLLOWS
regions and nations.
- To orient
TOPIC 3: INTRODUCTION TO
- To inform
HERITAGE INTERPRETATION
- To involve
What is Heritage Interpretation? - To inspire
Interpretation - Means to add meaning to HERITAGE INTERPRETATION IS
experiences, whether this comes from USED IN
feelings or thoughts. How we interpret
heritage is critical for the way we shape our - Natural and cultural heritage sites
common future. - Natural and cultural trails
- Museums and galleries
Heritage interpretation – Deeply rooted in - Heritage interpretation centers
human culture. Even the decision to keep - Aquariums
- Parks and zoos
 - Objects of industrial heritage 1. The chief aim Interpretation is not
- Nature reserves instruction, but provocation –
- Events of cultural tourism provoke the audience to interact,
think and react.
INTERPRETATION CAN BE 2. Any interpretation that does not
DELIVERED THROUGH DIFFERENT somehow relate what is being
MEDIA TYPES displayed or described to
Personal media something within the personality
or experience of the visitor will be
- Information services sterile – includes tangible,
- Conducted activities intangibles as well as universal
- Talks concepts.
- Living interpretation 3. Inform does not equal
interpretation – but all
Non personal media interpretation contains information.
- Audio devices 4. Interpretation is an art which
- Written materials combines many arts regardless of
subject material. Any art is to
- Self-guided activities
some degree teachable – you might
- Exhibits
use acting, puppets, artwork, phots,
- Visitor centers which combine many props, storytelling or other artistic
interpretive techniques skill in developing your interpretive
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN program or service.
INTERPRETATION AND 5. Interpretation should aim to
INFORMATION present a whole rather than a part
– critical aspect of successful
- Information is just straight facts, interpretive planning is the
figures and dates development of themes.
- Interpretation uses marketing and 6. Interpretation for children must be
advertising techniques, journalism designed specifically for children,
strategies and a host of other tools to and not simply a dilution of
deliver an interpretive outcome. programs and information for
adults – programs for children need
The first seminal book on ‘Interpreting our
to have fun, hands-on, and
heritage’ was written in 1957 for the US
entertainment with a clear theme or
National Park Service. Its author, Freeman
purpose in mind.
Tilden, defined heritage interpretation as:
TILDEN’S TIP SHORT HAND
“An educational activity which aims to
VERSION OF THE MAIN PRINCIPLES
reveal meanings and relationships through
the use of original objects, by firsthand Provoke – attention, curiosity and interest.
experience, and by illustrative media, rather
than simply to communicate factual Relate – to the everyday life of your
information.” visitors.

TILDEN’S PRINCIPLE OF HERITAGE Reveal – main concept or theme through

INTERPRETATION some creative or unusual view point.
Address the Whole – make sure your 1. We turn phenomena into
program relates to your main project experiences.
THEME. 2. We offer paths to deeper meanings.
3. We foster respect for all heritage.
Message unity – use the correct supporting 4. We provoke resonance in
elements in your program to illustrate your participants.
theme or main concept.
TOPIC 4: NATIONAL LAWS,
AGENCIES, ASSOCIATIONS, AND
ORGANIZATIONS RELEVANT TO
CULTURAL HERITAGE
Philippine Cultural Heritage Act (R.A.
10066)
- National Commission for Culture
and the Arts affiliated cultural
THE INTERPRETATIVE TRIANGLE agencies and for other purposes
signed by President Gloria
Turning phenomena into experiences Macapagal-Arroyo on March 26,
- Provoking resonance and 2010.
participation - Aimed to provide for the protection,
- Fostering stewardship for all heritage preservation, and promotion of the
- Offering paths to deeper meaning nation’s cultural heritage.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
A PLAN SHOULD CONSIDER THE
FOLLOWING Adaptive reuse – refer to the utilization of
buildings, other built-structures and sites of
- Significance
value for purposes other than that for which
- Reasons
they were intended originally, in order to
- Meanings conserve the site, their engineering integrity
- Audience and authenticity of design.
- Key messages and stories
- Goals Anthropological area – refer to any place
- Critical review where studies of specific ethno-linguistic
- Legal protection groups are undertaken, the properties of
which are of value to our cultural heritage.
PRODUCT OF INTERPRETATION
Antique – refer to cultural property found
- Understood why a particular site, locally which is 100 years in age, more or
object or area is the heritage. less, the production of which has ceased.
- Enhance the visitor experience.
Archaeological area – refer to any place,
- Inaccurately communicate the
whether above or underground, underwater
meanings of the site and alienate
or at sea level, containing fossils, artifacts
those who visit.
and other cultural, geological, botanical.
4 ACES OF INTERPRETATION Zoological materials which depict and
document culturally relevant
paleontological, prehistoric and historic Cultural property – refer to all products of
events. human creativity by which a people and a
nation reveal their identity, including
Archives – refer to public and private churches, mosques and other places of
records in any format which have been religious worship, schools and natural
selected for permanent preservation because history specimens and sites, whether public
of their evidential, historical informational or privately-owned, movable or immovable,
value. and tangible or intangible.
Built heritage – refer to architectural and Dealers – refer to natural or juridical
engineering structures such as, but not persons who acquire cultural property for
limited to bridges, government buildings, the purpose of engaging in the acquisition
houses of ancestry, traditional dwellings, and disposition of the same.
quartels,train stations, lighthouses, small
ports, educational, technological and Heritage zone – refer to historical,
industrial complexes and their settings and anthropological, archaeological, artistic
landscape with notable historical and geographical areas and settings that are
cultural significance. culturally significant to the country, as
declared by the National Museum or the
Collector – refer to any person who or National Historical Institute.
institution that acquires cultural property for
purposes other than sale. History – refer to a written record of past
events relating to Philippine history.
Commission – refer to the National
Commission for Culture and the Arts. Historical landmarks – refer to sites or
structures that are associated with events or
Conservation – refer to all processes and achievements significant to Philippine
measures of maintaining the cultural history as declared by the National
significance of a cultural property including, Historical Institute.
but not limited to preservation, restoration,
reconstruction, protection, adaptation or any Historical monuments – refer to structures
combination thereof. that honor illustrious persons or
commemorate events of historical value as
Cultural agencies – refer to the following declared by the National Historical Institute.
national government agencies with their
specific areas’ responsibility. Historical shrines – refer to historical sites
or structures hallowed and revered for their
Cultural education – refer to the teaching history or association as declared by
and learning of cultural concepts and National Historical Institute.
processes.
Historical street name – refer to street
Cultural heritage – refer to the totality of name which as been existence for at least 50
cultural property preserved and developed years and over time has been considered
through time and passed on to prosperity. historic.
Cultural heritage worker – refer to an Important cultural property – refer to a
individual undertaking cultural heritage cultural property having exceptional
work. cultural, artistic and historical significance
Cultural institution – refer to entities to the Philippines.
engaged primarily in cultural work.
Intangible cultural heritage – refer to the scientific importance under the National
practices, representations, expressions, Integrated Protected Areas System.
knowledge and skills, as well as the
instruments, objects and artifacts associated NCCA Portal Cultural Databank – refers
therewith that communities’ groups and to the specific domain in the commissions
individuals recognize as part of their cultural intranet for cultural information that is
heritage. accessed only internally with control and
confidentiality.
Intangible cultural property – refer to the
peoples’ learned processes along with the Prehistory – refer to period of human
knowledge, skills and creativity that inform history before the introduction of the forms
and developed by them, the products they of writing.
create and the resources, spaces and other Registry – refer to the Philippine Registry
aspects of social and natural context of Cultural Property which is the registry of
necessary for their sustainability. all cultural property of the country deemed
Library – refer to an institution where the of significant importance to our cultural
collection of books, manuscripts, heritage.
computerized information and other Restoration – refer to the action taken or
materials are organized to provide physical, the technical intervention to correct
bibliographic and intellectual access to the deterioration and alterations.
public, with a librarian that is trained to
provide services and programs related to the Tangible cultural property – refer to a
information needs of its clientele. cultural property with historical, archival,
anthropological, archaeological, artistic and
Museum – refer to a permanent institution architectural value with exceptional or
that researches, acquires, conserves, tradition production whether of Philippine
communicates and exhibits the material origin or not, including antiques and natural
evidence of humans and their environmental history specimens with significant value.
for purposes of education or leisure.
IMPORTANT CULTURAL PROPERTY
National cultural treasure – refer to unique
cultural property found locally, possessing Important Cultural Property – cultural
outstanding historical, cultural, artistic and property that possesses exceptional cultural,
scientific value which is highly significant artistic and historical significance.
and important to the country and nation, and National Cultural Treasure – pertains to a
officially declared as such by pertinent unique cultural property found locally,
cultural agency. possessing outstanding historical, cultural,
Nationally significant – refer to historical, artistic and scientific value which is highly
aesthetic, scientific, technical, social and significant and important to the country and
spiritual values that unify the nation by a nation.
deep sense of pride in their various yet WORLD HERITAGE SITES
common identities, cultural heritage and
national patrimony. World Heritage – designation for places on
earth that are of outstanding universal value
Natural property of cultural significance to humanity.
– refer to areas possessing outstanding
ecosystem with flora and fauna of national
Cultural Agencies – conformity with their Department of Tourism – shall be
respective charters and mandates, shall responsible for cultural education among
define and delineate their respective areas tourism services, and protection of cultural
responsibility with respect to cultural properties supplemental to the jurisdiction of
properly and assessment of national cultural the cultural agencies as defined in this act.
treasures and national historical landmarks,
sites or monuments. Intramuros Administration – shall be
responsible for the restoration and
THE FOLLOWING SHALL BE THE administration of the development in
RESPONSIBILITIES OF CULTURAL Intramuros.
AGENCIES IN THE
CATEGORIZATION OF CULTURAL National Parks Development Committee –
PROPERTY shall be responsible in supervising the
development (beautification, preservation
Cultural Center of the Philippines – shall and maintenance)
be responsible for significant cultural
property pertaining to the performing arts. Department of Education – shall be
responsible in instituting the governance of
National Archives of the Philippines – basic education act, and the conservation
shall be responsible for significant archival and restoration of its built heritage.
materials.
Department of Public Works and
National Library – shall be responsible for Highways - shall be responsible in
rare and significant contemporary Philippine undertaking major infrastructure projects
books, manuscript such as, but not limited specifically planning, design, construction
to, presidential papers, periodicals, and maintenance of national roads and
newspapers, singly or in collection, libraries bridges.
and electronic records.
National Commission on Indigenous
National Historical Institute – shall be Peoples - behalf of the country's indigenous
responsible for significant movable and cultural communities, which shall coordinate
immovable cultural property that pertains to with the national agencies on matters
Philippine history, heroes and the pertaining to cultural properties under its
conservation of historical artifacts. jurisdiction.
National Museum – shall be responsible for Department of Environment and Natural
a significant movable and immovable Resources - shall be responsible for the
cultural and natural property pertaining to establishment and management of the
collection of fine arts, archaeology, National Integrated Protected Areas System
anthropology, botany, geology, zoology and and the conservation of wildlife resources.
astronomy, including its conservation.
Department of the Interior and Local
Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino – shall be Government - shall coordinate with the
responsible for the dissemination national cultural agencies on matters
development, and the promotion of the pertaining to cultural properties under its
Filipino national language and the jurisdiction, and ensure that provisions of
conservation of ethnic languages. this act are properly executed by the local
government unit.
INSTITUTIONAL LINKAGES OF THE
NATIONAL CULTURAL AGENCIES
Office of Muslim Affairs - shall coordinate
with the national cultural agencies on
matters pertaining to cultural properties
under its jurisdiction.
UNESCO National Commission of the
Philippines - shall be responsible for
providing the liaison between the cultural
agencies of the Philippines and the
UNESCO as well as assist the national
cultural agencies in implementing the
agreements and conventions adopted by the
UNESCO of which the Philippines has
ratified or is in the process of ratification.
Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board
- shall coordinate with the local government
units and the Commission on matters
pertaining to the establishment and
maintenance of heritage zones.
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
and Cordillera Administrative Region -
shall coordinate with the national cultural
agencies on matters pertaining to cultural
properties under their respective jurisdiction.