Artificial intelligence 17) 2016 (18 May) :- ि ि ल द्वारा ि ि ल अससस्टें ट का
001 introduction किनाटण
A branch of computer science, which is based on 18) 2016 :- The (human-like) intelligent robot known as
developing human-like intellectual abilities (thinking, Sophia was developed by David Henson of Henson
understanding, learning, decision making) in machines Robotics Company in Hong Kong in 2016.
Father of artificial intelligence :- John McCarthy 20) 2017 :- Software giant Microsoft has launched
Project Brainwave, a deep learning acceleration platform
1) (Machine Learning) :- Machine Learning is a technique for real-time artificial intelligence (AI)
of computer programming in which a computer program is 24) 2017 (21 अरैल) :- सैमसोंि द्वारा AI based virtual voice
designed in such a way that the program can learn new Assistance 'Bixby' को लॉन्च
things by itself and can take any decision by itself if 25) 2020 :- Turing Natural Language Generation Tool
needed. launched by Microsoft.
2) Deep Learning :- Deep Learning is one of the machine Note:- please learn remaining from pdf.
learning techniques by which we teach computers what
humans are doing. 003 TYPES
3)need of clean data:- The industry believes that to 1) Purely Reactive :- Such AI systems do not store
prepare solutions for all sectors, firstly clean data will be memories or past experiences for
required and the government will have to take appropriate future actions. These machines only focus on current
steps in this direction. scenarios and react on it as per possible best action
2) Limited Memory :- Limited memory machines can store
002 history of AI past experiences for a short period
1) 1935 :- Turing described an abstract computing machine of time. Self-driving cars are one of the best examples
with infinite memory and a scanner 3) Brain Theory :- Theory of Mind AI should understand
2) 1950 :- Turing test, called the imitation game by Alan the human emotions, people, beliefs,
Turing and be able to interact socially like humans.
3) 1951 :- The first program of artificial 4) Self Conscious :- Self-awareness AI is the future of
intelligence was written by Christopher Strachey. Artificial Intelligence. These machines will
4) 1956 :- scientist john mccarthy defin AI as The be super intelligent, and will have their own
Science and Engineering of making Intelligent Machines consciousness, sentiments, and self-awareness.These
5) 1960 :- John McCarthy developed the programming machines
language LISP. That's why John McCarthy is called will be smarter than human mind.
the father of artificial intelligence. 5) Weak AI or Narrow AI :- Narrow AI is a type of AI which
6) 1973 :- Alain Colmeraut of France developed the logic is able to perform a dedicated task with intelligence.The
program language (PROLOG) most common and currently available AI is Narrow AI in
the world of Artificial Intelligence
6) 1981 :- Japan initiative fifth Generation. 6) Super AI AI :- Super AI is a level of Intelligence of
7) एल्वी :- Britain created a project called 'Elvi' for this Systems at which machines could surpass human
10) 1990 :- At MIT, Dr. Cynthia Breesel created intelligence, and can perform any task better than human
an emotional robot named Kismet, which entered the with cognitive properties. It is an outcome of general AI.
Guinness Book of World Records.
13) 2010 :- 004 APPLICATION
Google DeepMind was a British company, 1) Self-driving Cars
founded in 2010. It is headquartered in London. In 2014, 2) Digital assistants and smart speakers:- Siri, Alexa,
the American company Google bought it and its Cortana, and Google Assistant
name was changed from 'DeepMind' to 'Google 3) Translation
DeepMind’. 4) Facial recognition:- Facial recognition is one of the most
14) 2011 :- एप्पल द्वारा SIRI, AI based virtual Vaice Assistant popular applications of artificial intelligence. It has many
का अगवष्कार ककया ि या। uses, including unlocking your phone, paying with your
15) 2014 :- िअिेजन द्वारा AI based virtual voice Assistance face
'Alexa' को लॉन्च ककया ि या। 5) Medicine:- From detecting skin cancer and analyzing X-
rays and MRI scans to providing personalized
16) 2016 :- Google किे AlphaGo निे ि ो किे सबसिे िरिुख
health tips and managing entire healthcare systems
खखलाकडयोों ि िे ों सिे एक कोररयाई ली सिेडॉल जीि ा है
6) Financial Sector & Legal Sector
7) Manufacturing & Business sector
8) Intelligent Robots 4) A committee has been constituted under the
9) Agriculture Sector:- Image classification tools combined chairmanship of NITI Aayog Vice Chairman Rajiv Kumar to
with remote and local sensed data can design the Artificial Intelligence Program at the national
bring a revolutionary change in utilisation and efficiency of level.
farm machinery 5) In October 2020 :- RAISE 2020 – ‘Responsible AI for
10) Education Sector:- AI can make some of the Social Empowerment 2020’ was jointly organised by the
educational processes automated such as NITI Aayog and the Ministry of Electronics and Information
grading, rewarding marks etc. therefore giving educators Technology (MeitY).
more time. Further, it can assess students and 6) In June 2020 :- India became a part of the Global
adapt to their needs, helping them work at their own Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI)
pace. AI may change where and how students learn, 7) Currently the government has made a provision of $
perhaps even replacing some teachers 480 million for a Fifth Generation technology startup,
11) Cyber Security :- In the 20th conference on e- which includes Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning
governance in India it was discussed that AI can provide Internet of Things, 3-D Printing and Blockchain.
more teeth to cyber security and must be explored 8) It has been decided to start the School of Artificial
12) Smart Cities and Infrastructure :- Use of AI to monitor Intelligence in 2020 at IIT Delhi
patronage and accordingly control associated systems such 9) Recently, former Indian cricketer Kapil Dev invested in AI
as based company Harmonizer India.
13) Gaming :- AI has a crucial role in strategic games such 10) The Telangana State Government has declared 2020 as
as chess, poker, tic-tac-toe, etc. the Year of Artificial Intelligence.
005 EXAMPLE 6.2 Artificial Intelligence Institutions and Policies in India
A. AI FOR ALL
1) Apple Siri (4 October 2011)
India’s National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence, by NITI
▪ It is the most popular personal assistant offered by
Aayog, is built on the philosophy of 'AI For All’
Apple.
It focuses on responsible AI, building AI solutions at scale
2) Tesla Cars (1 July 2003)
with an intent to make India the AI garage of the world —
▪ Tesla car features such as self-driving and complete
a trusted nation to which the world can outsource AI-
technological innovation.
related work.
3) Nest (2010)
It emphasizes inclusive development through the use of AI
It is brand of google llc used in smart home ,speaker,
technologies.
display etc.
4) Alexa (6 November 2014)
B. National artificial intelligence program
▪ A virtual assistant AI technology developed by Amazon,
1) Hon'ble Finance Minister in his budget speech for 2018-
first used in the Amazon Echo smart speakers developed
2019 mandated the NITI Aayog to set up a National
by Amazon .
Artificial Intelligence Program to guide research and
5) Google Maps (8 February 2005)
development in new and emerging technologies.
▪ Google Maps is a web mapping service developed by
2) The Government of India has set up a committee
Google.
(chaired by Chief Scientific Advisor K. Vijay Raghavan) to
6) Other
resolve the differences between the NITI Aayog and the
▪ face detection and recognition, autocorrect, iRobot, olly,
Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
pathai, atomwise, betterment, Google Homes.
(Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology-
MeitY) on AI
006 Artificial intelligence in India 3) NITI AYOG propsed 7500 cr AIRAWAT concept of its
6.1)Development of AI in India development.
1) India’s AI strategy is known as “AI for All”.
2) 2018-19 किे बजट :- Provision was made in the budget C. 7-point Strategy on AI
of 2018-19 that the NITI Aayog, the think tank of the Earlier in October 2017, the central government
Central Government, will implement the National Artificial formulated a 7-point strategy, which would form the basis
Intelligence Program- NAIP. of India's strategic plan to use artificial intelligence. Chief
3) 20th March, 2019 :- NITI Aayog circulated the cabinet among :-
note to establish a cloud computing platform called 1) Developing methods for human-machine interaction
AIRAWAT (Artificial Intelligence Research, Analytics and 2) Building a competent workforce with Artificial
Knowledge Assimilation Platform. Intelligence and R&D
3) Ensuring the security of artificial intelligence systems.
4) Understanding and working on the ethical, legal and 2) The National e-Governance Division of the Ministry of
social implications of Artificial Intelligence Electronics and Information Broadcasting and the IT
industry body 'NASSCOM' will jointly run this portal.
D. Artificial intelligence task force 3) The government also launched the Responsible AI for
1) It is formed by the Ministry of Youth programme .
Commerce and Industry, Government of India 4) Under this, selected students (of classes 8 to 12) from
2) Vision :- Adopt AI in economic, political and legal central/state government schools from all over
processes to help India achieve its goal of becoming one of the country will attend online training sessions on AI .
the AI-rich economies
3) Mission :- H. Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence (GPAI)
» Formulation of policy and legal framework to accelerate 1) In June 2020, India became a part of the GPAI
deployment of AI technologies. 2) GPAI is an international and multi-stakeholder
» Getting financial benefits by applying AI initiative to guide the responsible development and use of
» Five Year Recommendations for Specific Industries, AI, grounded in human rights, inclusion, diversity,
Research Programs and Government. innovation, and economic growth.
3) AI for all is indias strategy.
E. G-20's two-day summit 4) CBSE included AI IN school.
1) It is known that the Prime Minister of India underlined 5) Founding Members: Australia, Canada, the European
the importance of digital economy and artificial Union, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, the Republic of
intelligence at the two-day G-20 summit held in Osaka on Korea, Mexico, New Zealand, Singapore, Slovenia, the
June 2019. United Kingdom and the United States.
2) He has said that the government should promote 5 'I' to 6) GPAI will be supported by a Secretariat, to be hosted by
promote digital economy and artificial intelligence. Here 5 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
'I' means :- (OECD) in Paris.
» Indigenization
» Inclusiveness 6.3 Indian Startups
» Innovation 1) Active AI :- Providing banking services is the main task
» Investment in infrastructurE 2) Aindra Systems :- Work on devices that identify people
» International cooperation and
3) Artificial :- Deep learning.
F. Central for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics – CAIR 4) Artivatic Data Labs :-
1) Nodal organization of the government for the research 5) Arya.AI :- The neural network that functions will
work on AI be similar to the human brain
2) Primary laboratory of DRDO for research and 6) Fluid.AI :- Used in facial recognition, banking, finance,
development in different areas of defense, ICT and is and problem solving for government sectors
located in Bangalore 7) Morph AI :- Web chatboats for marketing and customer
3) Central for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics-CAIR) services
Central for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics-CAIR) is an 8) Sig Tuple.
institute related to artificial intelligence.
4) Related Institute :- 6.4 Example of AI in India
» AINCO :- AI Technology For Net Centric Operations A. Vyommitra (22 जनवरी 2020)
» KRIDA :- Knowledge Resources and Intelligence Decision 1) A female-looking spacefaring humanoid robot being
Analysis developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation to
» A mobile robot system that will perform patrol, function on-board the Gaganyaan
reconnaissance and surveillance work for the armed 2) Vyommitra was first unveiled on 22 January 2020 at the
forces, paramilitary forces and police. Human Spaceflight and Exploration symposium in
» NETRA :- Software to intercept online communication, Bengaluru.
SECOS- Secure operating system. b. India’s first banking robot “Lakshmi” (नवम्बर 2016)
1) India’s first banking robot “Lakshmi” has been
G. National AI Portal of India launched by the Kumbakonam-based City Union Bank
1) In May 2020, the Government launched the National AI 2) The artificial intelligence powered robot “Lakshmi” can
Portal of India (https://indiaai.gov.in/) which is speak English
a one-stop digital platform for artificial intelligence-related 3) The robot can interact with customers on more than
developments in the country . 125 subjects including account balance and interest rates
on loans.
c. Traffic Robot System :- June 2017 Ella stands for ‘Electronic Lifelike Assistant’,
1) The robotic traffic system was used for the first time in 6) Microsoft recently announced that the company is
Indore, Madhya Pradesh. set to launch its third premier engineering and
2) This robotic system automatically manages its work innovation hub- India Development Centre (IDC) in
once programmed.
Noida. The Technological Company has already
3) The traffic robot system also has cameras with
launched two IDCs in Bengaluru and Hyderabad.
timers and light systems, which are attached to the RLVD
(Red Light Vulation Detection) system. 7) The Government of India (GoI) recently announced
a first-of-its kind summit, RAISE 2020- ‘Responsible AI
d. ASK-DISHA Chatbot :- अक्ट ू बर 2018 for Social Empowerment 2020,’, which is proposed to
1) Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation be held from April 11-12 in New Delhi
Limited (IRCTC) has operated a chat enable (ASKDISHA) 8) The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
chatbot to interact with customers in the Hindi language. (CDC) has introduced an Artificial Intelligence (AI) bot,
2) ।It is an artificial intelligence based chatbot. called ‘Clara’ to assist people in finding
3) ।It was initially launched in October 2018 in the English the potential symptoms of COVID-19
language. 9) The Ministry Human Resources Development
recently launched a new mobile application
E. AI-driven crop yield forecasting model called“National Test Abhyas”.
1) The government is working on developing an 'AI-driven 10) The Government of India had earlier created
crop yield forecasting model' in collaboration with the
Whats App Chatbot to curb fake news being spread
industrial sector
about COVID19 virus in the country. About the
2) The system uses AI-based tools to increase
Chatbot The Chatbot was launched to answer all the
crop productivity and soil yields, prevent wastage of
agricultural investment and predict pest or disease queries related to the virus.
outbreaks. 11) The Railway Protection Force recently launched a
3) The system uses data from soil health card along with Robot called“Captain Arjun”. The robot Captain
remote sensing data provided by ISRO (ISRO), weather Arjun was launched to intensify screening and
forecasting, soil moisture and temperature analysis by surveillance at the railway stations.
India Meteorological Department (IMD). 12) The Spice Board of India recently launched
4) The project is being implemented in 10 aspirational the Spice Exchange Portal.
districts of Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya 13) On October 7, 2020, India and Japan signed
Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.
agreements of cooperation in Artificial Intelligence,
5G technology.
007 OTHERS 14) Google India has joined hands with Prasar Bharati
1) The Gurgaon based tech startup ‘Blue Sky in order to utilize Artificial Intelligence in the
Analytics’ won the Copernicus Masters Award, also Independence Day celebrations in the country
dubbed as ‘Space Oscars award’ for its AI (Artificial 15) On May 17, 2021, the Ministry of Tribal Affairs and
Intelligence) based application to monitor and Microsoft signed a Memorandum of Understanding
measure stubble burning and farm fires in India on joint initiative for Digital Transformation of Tribal
2) The Ministry of External Affairs is to set up a new Schools. This includes introduction of Ashram Schools
division called NEST-New and Emerging Strategic and Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS) in
Technologies. tribal areas.
3) American Multinational Corporation, Intel has 16) Axis Bank has partnered with a Bengaluru-based
unveiled ‘Tiger Lake’ on Tuesday, 7th January 2020, startup, Vernacular.ai, an AIbased SaaS Voice
Tiger Lake is the next generation Central Processing automation platform, in order to optimize
Unit (CPU) built on Intel’s 10 nanometer+(nm+) voice AI solutions through its multilingual voice bot,
processor named as AXAA. AXAA is IVR based BOT and operates
4) On January 31, 2020, Google announced I like a humanoid with the power to change the
million USD grant to promote news literacy among paradigm of customer experience.
Indians. Also, the organization has launched a new 17) The AI enabled MyGov Corona Helpdesk has won
application called “Tangi”. two awards under the categories of Best Innovation at
5) The New Zealand Police have recently unveiled the Global Leadership Summit and festival of AI and
their first Artificial Intelligence(AI) Police officer Ella. Emerging Technology.
