AEDC-TR-76-15 ,..

/o--~"7

A COMPUTER MODEL FOR THE CALCULATION

OF THERMODYNAMICPROPERTIES OF WORKING FLUIDS
OF A GAS TURBINE ENGINE

ENGINE TEST FACILITY

ARNOLD ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT CENTER
AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND
ARNOLD AIR FORCE STATION, TENNESSEE 37389

March 1976

Final Report for Period July 31, 1972 - June 30, 1974

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

Prepared for

DIRECTORATE OF TECHNOLOGY (DY)

I
ARNOLD ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT CENTER
ARNOLD AIR FORCE STATION, TENNESSEE 37389
 NOTICES

When U. S. Government drawings specifications, or other data are used for

any purpose other than a definitely related Government procurement
operation, the Government thereby incurs no responsibility nor any
obligation whatsoever, and the fact that the Government may have
formulated, furnished, or in any way supplied the said drawings,
specifications, or other data, is not to be regarded by implication or
otherwise, or in any manner licensing the holder or any other person or
corporation, or conveying any rights or permission to manufacture, use, or
sell any patented invention that may in any way be related thereto.

Qualified users may obtain copies of this report from the Defense
Documentation Center.

References to named commercial products in this report are not to be

considered in any sense as an endorsement of the product by the United
States Air Force or the Government.

This report has been reviewed by "the Information Office (OI) and is releasable
to the National Technical Information Service (NTIS). At NTIS, it will be
available to the general public, including foreign nations.

APPROVAL STATEMENT

This technical report has been reviewed and is approved for publication.

FOR THE COMMANDER

MARION L. LASTER ROBERT O. DIETZ

Research & Development Director of Technology
Division
Directorate o f Technology
 UNCLASSIFIED
I! REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE RE^OC|NSTRUCT|ONS
BEFORE OMPLETXNG FORM
:II REPORT NUMBER
L L2 GOVTACCESSIONNO 3 RECIPIEN~"S C A T A L O G NUMBER

AEDC-TR-76-15
14 T I T L E ( ~ d Subtitle) 5TYPEOF REPORT6PERIODCOVERED
Fin~l Report - July 31,
~A COMPUTER MODEL FOR THE CALCULATION OF 1972 - June 30, 1974
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF WORKING
S PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER
FLUIDS OF A GAS TURBINE ENGINE
? AU THORfs) S C O N T R A C T OR GRANT NUMBER(s)

J o h n M. P e l t o n - ARC), I n c .

g PERFORMING O R G A N I Z A T I O N NAME AND ADDRESS 10 PROGRAM ELEMENT. PROJECT. TASK

AREA & WORK UNIT NUMBERS
A r n o l d E n g i n e e r i n g D e v e l o p m e n t C e n t e r (DY)
A i r F o r c e S y s t e m s Command P r o g r a m E l e m e n t 65807F
A r n o l d A i r F o r c e S t a t i o n , T e n n e s s e e 37389
,I C O N T R O L L I N G O F F I C E NAME AND ADDRESS |2. REPORT D A T E
Arnold Engineering Development Center ( D Y F ~ March 1976
Air Force Systems Command 13 NUMBER OF PAGES
Arnold Air Force Station, Tennessee 37389 85
14 MONITORING AGENCY NAME /L AODRESSrJfd|lferenl Irom ConfrolllnO O l h c e ) 15. S E C U R I T y CLASS. ( ol this repot~

UNCLASSIFIED
'So. DECL ASSI FIC ATI ON " DOWN GRADING
SCHEOULE
N/A
IG DISTRIBUTION S T A T E M E N T (ol Ihlm R e p e l )

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

17 D I S T R I B U T I O N S T A T E M E N T (o[ the abetrocf entered In Block 20, i ! dlfleremt from RepotQ

18 S U P P L E M E N T A R y NOTES

Available in DDC

19 KEY WORDS (Continue on reverao side El necesea~ ~ d i d e n l l ~ ~ ~ o c k numbe~

engines thermodynamics
gases computerized simulation
physical properties thermodynamic equations
turbines

ZO ABST RACT ( C o n l ~ u o ~ ~ v e r a e swdo | ! n e © e l l a r y ~ d Idon~l~ ~ ~ o c k numbe~

A c o m p u t e r model i s p r e s e n t e d f o r t h e c a l c u l a t i o n of the
thermodynamic properties o f a i r and t h e e x h a u s t gas f r o m a gas
turbine. The m o d e l was d e v e l o p e d s p e c i f i c a l l y to include the
requirements for on-line data reduction systems. These r e q u i r e -
m e n t s i n c l u d e minimum memory a n d c a l c u l a t i o n time and constituents
and their thermodynamic properties t h a t may be r e a d i l y l o c a t e d a n d
altered if necessary. The m o d e l i s b a s e d on a i r a n d h y d r o c a r b o n

DD , FORM
JAN ?3 1 4 7 3 EO,TION OF ' N O V 6 S , S O B S O L E T ~

UNCLASSIFIED
 UNCLASSIFIED
20. ABSTRACT ( C o n t i n u e d )

fuels and includes real gas effects (intermolecular forces and

chemical dissociation). Equations for the thermoBynamic properties
of the constituents of air and exhaust gas are included. Calcu-
lated data from this program are compared with data from sources
currently in use in the gas turbine industry.

AF$C
Ar~ Id AFS T e~

UNCLASSIFIED
 AE DC-TR-76-15

PREFACE

The r e s e a r c h r e p o r t e d h e r e i n was conducted by the Arnold Engi-

n e e r i n g D e v e l o p m e n t C e n t e r (AEDC), A i r F o r c e S y s t e m s C o m m a n d
(AFSC), u n d e r P r o g r a m E l e m e n t 65807F. The r e s u l t s of the r e s e a r c h
w e r e obtained by ARO, Inc. (a s u b s i d i a r y of S v e r d r u p & P a r c e l and
A s s o c i a t e s , Inc. ), c o n t r a c t o p e r a t o r of AEDC, AFSC, A r n o l d A i r
F o r c e Station, T e n n e s s e e , u n d e r ARO P r o j e c t N u m b e r s RF217 and
RF414. The a u t h o r of this r e p o r t was John M. P e l t o n , ARO, Inc.
Data a n a l y s i s was c o m p l e t e d on June 30, 1974, and the m a n u s c r i p t
(ARO C o n t r o l No. A R O - E T F - T R - 7 5 - 9 2 ) was s u b m i t t e d for p u b l i c a -
tion on J u n e 25, 1975.
I

• /
A E D C-TR-76-15

CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.0 DF.VELOPMENT OF THE GENERAL COMPUTER
MODEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 . .
3.0 OPERATION OF THE COMPUTER MODEL . . . . . . . 25
4.0 PRESENTATION OF RESULTS AND COMPARISON
OF D A T A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27. .
5.0 CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 . .
REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

I L LUSTRATIONS

Figure

i. Pressure-Temperature R e g i m e f o r t h e C a l c u l a t i o n of
Air Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2. Pressure-Temperature R e g i m e f o r t h e C a l c u l a t i o n of
Exhaust Gas Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IQ

3. S c h e m a t i c of C o m p u t e r ~'1odel . . . . . . . . . . 12

4. E f f e c t o f P r e s s u r e on a N o n d i m e n s i o n a l i z e d Specific
Heat (cp/R) for air at Low Temperatures . . . . 16

5. Pressure-Temperature Regime for the Calculation of

Exhaust Gas Properties (Considering Dissociation) • 20

6. P e r c e n t D e v i a t i o n in E n t h a l p y o f A i r a s C a l c u l a t e d b y
T h i s P r o g r a m and C o m p a r e d with S e v e r a l Sets of D a t a
in C o m m o n U s e
a. L o w P r e s s u r e (0. I a t m o r a s a T h e r m a l l y
Perfect Gas) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
b. High Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

7. P e r c e n t D e v i a t i o n o f t h e C a l c u l a t e d V a l u e of c P o f A i r
at Several Pressures and Compared with Data from
Refs. 4 and 6
a. Data Compared with that from Ref. 4 . . . . 30
b. Data Compared with that from Ref. 6 . . . . 30
AEDC-TR-76-15

Figure

8. Percent Deviation of the Enthalpy of Turbine Exhaust

Gas as Calculated by the Method of this Report and
R e f s . 6 a n d 16 a t a F u e l - t o - A i r Ratio of 0.067623 . . 32
9. Percent Deviation of the Enthalpy of Turbine Exhaust
G a s C a l c u l a t e d b y t h e M e t h o d of t h i s R e p o r t a n d
R e f s . 3 a n d 16 a t a F u e l - t o - A i r Ratio of 0.033812 . . . 33
10. Percent Deviation of the Enthalpy as a Function of
Temperature Using a Fuel Composition of CH2 and
CH1.95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
11. ( A h / A T ) p C o m p a r e d w i t h Cp a s C a l c u l a t e d b y T h i s
Computer Model to Measure Internal Consistency
a. Deviation of Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
b. Deviation of Exhaust Gas . . . . . . . . . 36
12. Deviation between the Function 1]T(Ah/AT)p and (As/AT)
as a Function of Temperature to Determine the Internal
C o n s i s t e n c y of t h e C o m p u t e r P r o g r a m of T h i s R e p o r t
a. Deviation of Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
b. Deviation of Exhaust Gas . . . . . . . . . . 37

TABLES

I. Air Composition from Ref. 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

2. Equations for the Thermodynamic Properties of the
Constituents of Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3. Equations for the Second Virial Coefficient and the
Derivatives for the Constituents of Air . . . . . . . . 45
4. Equations for the Third Virial Coefficients and the
Derivatives for the Constituents of Air . . . . . . . . . 46
5. Equations for the Thermodynamic Properties for the
Constituents of the Exhaust Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

4
 AEDC-TR-76-1 5

• APPENDIXES

A. INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL MODEL ON AFTERBURNER

EFFICIENCY CALCULATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

B. COMPUTER PROGRAM LISTING . . . . . . . . . . . 55

NO~IENCLATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
 AEDC-TR-76-15

1.0 INTRODUCTION

At t h e p r e s e n t t i m e , t h e g a s t u r b i n e e n g i n e i n d u s t r y h a s no
g e n e r a l l y a c c e p t e d s e t of t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s f o r t h e c o n s t i t u -
e n t s of the w o r k i n g f l u i d s o r m e t h o d f o r m a k i n g t h e r m o d y n a m i c c a l c u -
l a t i o n s . T h e r e f o r e , e a c h s e g m e n t of t h e i n d u s t r y f r o m m a n u f a c t u r e r
t h r o u g h u s e r ~nay u s e s l i g h t l y d i f f e r e n t b a s i c t h e r m o d y n a m i c d a t a and
c a l c u l a t i o n m e t h o d s to a r r i v e at the t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s . T h e
p r e s e n t c o n d i t i o n is s i m i l a r to t h a t w h i c h e x i s t e d in t h e r o c k e t m o t o r
i n d u s t r y p r i o r to t h e w o r k of the I C R P G (Ref. 1) in e s t a b l i s h i n g
m e t h o d s for p e r f o r m a n c e calculations and data reduction.

A s the o p e r a t i n g e n v i r o n m e n t of g a s t u r b i n e e n g i n e s h a s g o n e ,to
h i g h e r t e m p e r a t u r e s and M a c h N u m b e r s , t h e d i f f e r e n c e s in p e r f o r m -
a n c e of c o m p e t i t i v e e n g i n e s a r e o f t e n q u i t e s m a l l . In fact, s o m e p e r -
f o r m a n c e d i f f e r e n c e s a r e of t h e s a m e o r d e r of m a g n i t u d e a s the
c h a n g e t h a t m a y b e e x p e c t e d f r o m u s i n g d i f f e r e n t s e t s of t h e r m o -
d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of t h e c o n s t i t u e n t s in t h e w o r k i n g f l u i d s . A l s o
b e c a u s e of the i n c r e a s e d i n t e r a c t i o n b e t w e e n t h e e n g i n e and o t h e r
c o m p o n e n t s of t h e a i r f r a m e , t h e n e e d f o r a c o n s i s t e n t m e t h o d of
a r r i v i n g at t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s b e c o m e s e v e n m o r e i m p o r t a n t .
T h e i n c r e a s e d u s e of m a t h e m a t i c a l m o d e l s f o r d e s c r i b i n g e n g i n e p e r -
f o r m a n c e h a s a l s o i n c r e a s e d t h e n e e d f o r t h e u s e of c o n s i s t e n t t h e r m o -
d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of t h e w o r k i n g f l u i d s .

The gas t u r b i n e i n d u s t r y h a s d e v e l o p e d f r o m i n d u s t r i e s with

d i v e r s e b a c k g r o u n d s and e a c h s e g m e n t h a s d e v e l o p e d c a l c u l a t i o n p r o -
c e d u r e s b a s e d on its own p a s t h i s t o r y and p r e s e n t n e e d s . The a p p e a r -
a n c e of the c o m p u t e r a s a r o u t i n e tool f o r t u r b i n e e n g i n e a n a l y s i s in
e v e n the s m a l l e s t o p e r a t i o n now p r o v i d e s t h e p o s s i b i l i t y f o r u s e of a
c o n s i s t e n t s e t of t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s by all s e g m e n t s of i n d u s t r y
a n d g o v e r n m e n t if the p r o p e r t i e s can be c o d e d f o r u s e with s m a l l c o m -
p u t e r m e m o r y and c a l c u l a t i o n t i m e s .

In an e f f o r t to d e v e l o p a c o n s i s t e n t t h e r m o d y n a m i c m o d e l , c e r t a i n
g u i d e l i n e s w e r e s e t up a s f o l l o w s :

. A c c e s s i b l e c o n s t i t u e n t s and c o n s t i t u e n t p r o p e r t i e s t h a t
a r e r e a d i l y l o c a t e d s o t h a t o r d e r l y u p d a t i n g is p o s s i b l e
as c o m p o s i t i o n s for standard air and fuel change or
t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t y data a r e i m p r o v e d ,
AE DC-TR-76-15

. A c c e p t a b l e m e m o r y r e q u i r e m e n t s and c a l c u l a t i o n
t i m e s f o r u s e in o n - l i n e data r e d u c t i o n s y s t e m s , and
3. Contains real gas effects.

C e r t a i n i t e m s a r e r e q u i r e d in s u c h a c o n s i s t e n t m o d e l , and t h e s e a r e
identified below:

1. The c o m p o s i t i o n of a i r ,
2. T h e c o m p o s i t i o n of h y d r o c a r b o n t y p e f u e l s ,
3. A s e t of t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s f o r the c o n s t i t u e n t s
of w o r k i n g f l u i d s , i n c l u d i n g r e a l g a s e f f e c t s , a n d
4. A m e t h o d of c o m p u t i n g t h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s
of a i r and e x h a u s t g a s , i n c l u d i n g r e a l g a s e f f e c t s .

E a c h of t h e a b o v e i t e m s w a s e x a m i n e d by r e v i e w i n g t h e a v a i l a b l e
l i t e r a t u r e and t h e p r e s e n t t u r b i n e i n d u s t r y u s a g e in c o n j u n c t i o n with
t h e a v a i l a b l e c o m p u t e r t e c h n o l o g y f o r o n - l i n e data r e d u c t i o n c a l c u -
lations.
T h e p r e s s u r e - t e m p e r a t u r e r e g i m e f o r a i r as a w o r k i n g f l u i d is
s h o w n in F i g . 1. T h e r e g i m e is f r o m 0 . 1 to 600 p s i a and f r o m 300
to 1 , 8 0 0 ° R . T h e s e l i m i t s w e r e d e t e r m i n e d f r o m c u r r e n t and p r o j e c t e d
f u t u r e r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r a i r as a w o r k i n g fluid in t u r b i n e e n g i n e s . A
n u m b e r of a i r c o m p o s i t i o n s w e r e r e v i e w e d . T h e y i n c l u d e the w o r k of
Self ( s e e E d m u n d s , Ref. 2) and K e e n a n and K a y e (Ref. 3), H i l s e n r a t h ,
et al. (Ref. 4), T o u l o u k i a n (Ref. 5), B a n e s (Ref. 6), B r a h i n s k y and
N e a l (Ref. 7), B r o w n a n d W a r l i c k (Ref. 8), and t h e U . S . S t a n d a r d
A t m o s p h e r e (Ref. 9).

T h e c o m p o s i t i o n of t h e h y d r o c a r b o n f u e l w a s d e f i n e d a s CnHxn
w h e r e "x" would b e d e t e r m i n e d by t h e p a r t i c u l a r g r a d e f u e l in u s e .

T h e r e i s a v e r y l i m i t e d a m o u n t of t h e r m o d y n a m i c data f r o m a
s i n g l e s o u r c e t h a t c o v e r s t h e n e c e s s a r y p r e s s u r e and t e m p e r a t u r e
r e g i m e f o r t h e a i r and e x h a u s t g a s c o n s t i t u e n t s . T h e r e g i m e f o r a i r
h a s b e e n s h o w n in F i g . 1, a n d t h e r e g i m e f o r e x h a u s t g a s is s h o w n in
F i g . 2. T h e r e g i m e f o r t h e e x h a u s t g a s i s f r o m 0 . 1 to 600 p s i a and
f r o m 600 to 4 , 0 0 0 ° R . T h e f u e l - t o - a i r r a t i o (f} to be c o n s i d e r e d w i l l
b e f r o m z e r o to s t o i c h i o m e t r i c . T h e s e m o d e l l i m i t s w e r e b a s e d on
c u r r e n t and p r o j e c t e d f u t u r e r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r c a l c u l a t i n g e x h a u s t
g a s t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s in t h e t u r b i n e e n g i n e i n d u s t r y . B e c a u s e
of t h e o v e r l a p p i n g of a i r and e x h a u s t gas c o n s t i t u e n t s s u c h a s n i t r o g e n ,
 ,AE DC-TR-76-1 5

o x y g e n , c a r b o n d i o x i d e , a r g o n , and n e o n , the t e m p e r a t u r e r a n g e f o r
t h e s e c o n s t i t u e n t s w i l l be f r o m 300 to 4 , 0 0 0 ° R . C o n s t i t u e n t s s u c h a s
w a t e r v a p o r r e q u i r e t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s f r o m 600 to 4 , 0 0 0 ° R ,
w h i l e t h e p r o d u c t s of c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n r e q u i r e t h e r m o d y n a m i c
p r o p e r t i e s f r o m a p p r o x i m a t e l y 2 , 0 0 0 to 4 , 0 0 0 ° R . T h e two m o s t c o m -
p l e t e s o u r c e s of p r o p e r t i e s a r e J A N A F (Ref. 10) and M c B r i d e , et al.
(Ref. 11). O t h e r s o u r c e s r e v i e w e d i n c l u d e d H i l s e n r a t h (Ref. 4),
T o u l o u k i a n (Ref. 5), Din (Ref. 12), a n d Stull (Ref. 13). N o n e of t h e s e
s o u r c e s w a s c o m p l e t e in t e r m s of r e q u i r e d c o n s t i t u e n t s , t e m p e r a t u r e
r a n g e o r r e c e n t r e v i e w and u p d a t i n g , but th~ J A N A F d a t a (Ref. 10)
w e r e c h o s e n b e c a u s e of t h e t e m p e r a t u r e r a n g e and the. o n - g o i n g w o r k
in u p - d a t i n g the d a t a a s m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n b e c o m e s a v a i l a b l e . Two
c o n s t i t u e n t s , a r g o n a n d neori, a r e not i n c l u d e d in t h e s e t a b l e s ; t h e r e -
f o r e d a t a f r o m Ref. 11 w e r e u s e d .

IO0 --

10.0 --

i I.O - -

o,

o o!

oool I I I I
o 500 I(XX) 1500 2000

TEMPERATURE-*R

Figure 1. Pressure-temperatureregime for the calculation

of air properties.

9
A E DC-T R -76-1 5

I00 --

In Calculattcm
id
E /
I0 --
L
in
0

i
i.i
E
OI --
in
tll
n,
{i.

0.01 --

0.00
0
I I I I
I000 2000 3000 4000

TEMPERATURE - eR

Figure 2. Pressure-temperature regime for the calculation of

exhaust gas properties,

The real gas effects considered were interrnolecular forces,

c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n , v i b r a t i o n a l l y f r o z e n flow, and ionization.
T h e e f f e c t s of i n t e r m o l e c u l a r f o r c e s on t h e c o n s t i t u e n t s of a i r a r e
i m p o r t a n t a n d a r e d e v e l o p e d in m o r e d e t a i l in S e c t i o n 2 a s w e l l a s
t h e e f f e c t s of c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n in t h e e x h a u s t g a s . C h e m i c a l
d i s s o c i a t i o n of a i r w a s c o n s i d e r e d , but t h e u p p e r t e m p e r a t u r e l i m i t
was below the value where dissociation becomes important. A series
of c a l c u l a t i o n s w e r e p e r f o r m e d to d e t e r m i n e w h e t h e r v i b r a t i o n a l l y
f r o z e n f l o w s h o u l d b e i n c l u d e d in t h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c m o d e l . T h e
r e s u l t s (R e f. 14) i n d i c a t e d t h a t c o n d i t i o n s w o u l d be h i g h l y u n l i k e l y
to o c c u r in a g a s t u r b i n e e n g i n e w h e r e t h e s e t y p e s of l o s s e s w o u l d be
c o n s i d e r e d s i g n i f i c a n t . I o n i z a t i o n of a i r a n d e x h a u s t g a s w a s c o n -
s i d e r e d , but s i n c e t h e m a x i m u m e x h a u s t g a s t e m p e r a t u r e (4000°R,
F i g . 2) is b e l o w t h e t e m p e r a t u r e w h e r e i o n i z a t i o n b e c o m e s s i g n i f i -
c a n t ( R e f . 15), no c o r r e c t i o n s w e r e i n c l u d e d .

10
 AEDC-TR-76-15

A n u m b e r of m e t h o d s f o r c o m p u t i n g t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of
e x h a u s t g a s e s a r e a v a i l a b l e f o r c o m p u t e r u s e . T h e y f a l l i n t o two
g e n e r a l c a t e g o r i e s ; one c o n t a i n s t a b u l a t e d c o m b u s t i o n p r o p e r t i e s ,
w h i l e t he o t h e r i s a c o m p u t e r p r o g r a m t h a t c a l c u l a t e s t h e p r o p e r t i e s .
E x a m p l e s of t h e f o r m e r d a t a f o r m a t i n c l u d e K e e n a n a n d K a y e ( R e f . 3),
B a n e s , e t a l . ( R e f . 6), a nd P o w e l l , et al. ( R e f . 16). E x a m p l e s of t h e
l a t t e r i n c l u d e P i n k e l a n d T u r n e r (Ref. 17), O s g e r b y a n d R h o d e s
(Re f. 18), a n d G o r d o n a n d M c B r i d e ( R e f . 19). T h e u s e of th e t a b u l a r
f o r m of p r e - c a l c u l a t e d d a t a u s i n g s o m e f o r m of c u r v e - f i t t i n g w a s r e -
j e c t e d b e c a u s e of t h e d e s i r e to r e t a i n c o n t r o l o v e r th e a i r a n d f u e l c o m -
p o s i t i o n a n d t h e r m o d ) n n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of th e c o n s t i t u e n t s w i t h o u t
h a v i n g to r e c a l c u l a t e t h e t a b l e s .

T h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c m o d e l m u s t be d e v e l o p e d f o r o n - l i n e d a t a r e -
duction u s e , which m e a n s that c a l c u l a t i o n t i m e s and c o m p u t e r m e m o r y
r e q u i r e m e n t s m u s t be m i n i m i z e d , but s u f f i c i e n t a c c u r a c y m u s t be r e -
t a i n e d in t h e c o n s t i t u e n t p r o p e r t y d a t a so t h a t th e e r r o r s in t h e c a l c u -
l a t e d v a l u e s a r e not of t he s a m e s i z e a s th e e r r o r in t h e e x p e r i m e n t .
T h e m a x i m u m t i m e p e r c a l c u l a t i o n ( t e m p e r a t u r e and p r e s s u r e k n o w n ,
to c a l c u l a t e e n t h a l p y , e n t r o p y , o r s p e c i f i c h e a t ) s h o u l d be in t h e r a n g e
of 0 . 0 5 s e c a n d t he m e m o r y r e q u i r e m e n t s s h o u l d be in th e r a n g e of
1 0 , 0 0 0 w o r d s . B y a s s u m i n g t he e n g i n e m e a s u r e m e n t e r r o r to be
a p p r o x i m a t e l y one p e r c e n t , t he d e s i r e d e r r o r b e t w e e n th e o r i g i n a l
t h e r m o d y n a m i c d a t a f o r t h e c o n s t i t u e n t s and t h e d a t a c a l c u l a t e d f o r u s e
in t h e m o d e l s h o u l d not e x c e e d 0 . 1 p e r c e n t (2 s t a n d a r d d e v i a t i o n s ) .

T h i s r e p o r t d e s c r i b e s a c o m p u t e r m o d e l d e v e l o p e d to c a l c u l a t e t h e
t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of t h e w o r k i n g f l u i d s of a t u r b i n e e n g i n e .
T h e m o d e l c a l c u l a t e s t he t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of a i r and t h e
e x h a u s t g a s f r o m t h e r e a c t i o n of a i r w i t h a h y d r o c a r b o n f u e l . C o m p o s i -
t i o n of t h e a i r a n d f u e l u s e d w i t h t h i s m o d e l i s d i s c u s s e d . The necessary
t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of the c o n s t i t u e n t s a r e p r e s e n t e d a s c u r v e f i t s
of t he d a t a f r o m R e f s . 10 a nd 11. T h e l o g i c i n v o l v e d in t h e m o d e l i s d i s -
c u s s e d a s w e l l a s t h e m e t h o d of o p e r a t i o n . C a l c u l a t e d t h e r m o d y n a m i c
d a t a f r o m t h i s m o d e l a r e c o m p a r e d w i t h v a r i o u s d a t a c u r r e n t l y in u s e .
A l i s t i n g of t h e m o d e l i s i n c l u d e d .

2.0 DEVELOPMENT OF THE GENERAL COMPUTER MODEL

The c o m p u t e r m o d e l c a l c u l a t e s the t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s
( e n t h a l p y , e n t r o p y , s p e c i f i c h e a t , an d G i b b s f r e e e n e r g y ) f o r t h e c o n -
s t i t u e n t s of t he w o r k i n g f l u i d s of a t u r b i n e e n g i n e , a i r a n d e x h a u s t g a s .

II
 AE DC-TR-76-15

In a d d i t i o n , the m o d e l c a l c u l a t e s the e n t h a l p y , e n t r o p y , s p e c i f i c h e a t ,
s o n i c v e l o c i t y , a n d r a t i o of s p e c i f i c h e a t s fo r a i r an d e x h a u s t g a s .
T h e m o d e l will d e t e r m i n e t h e c o m p o s i t i o n an d m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t of
t h e e x h a u s t g a s , but t h e s e two q u a n t i t i e s a r e f i x e d f o r a i r .

Tl:e m o d e l is d i v i d e d i n t o two s e c t i o n s , th e c a l c u l a t i o n of th e
a i r p r o p e r t i e s a n d t he e x h a u s t g a s p r o p e r t i e s . T h e c a l c u l a t i o n of
the a i r p r o p e r t i e s i n c l u d e s a c o r r e c t i o n f o r i n t e r m o l e c u l a r f o r c e s
of t h e c o n s t i t u e n t s . T h e c a l c u l a t i o n of t h e e x h a u s t g a s p r o p e r t i e s
i n c l u d e s t he e f f e c t s of c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n at high t e m p e r a t u r e s .
A s c h e m a t i c of t he c a l c u l a t i o n p r o c e s s f o r the m o d e l is s h o w n in
F i g . 3.

I Detormmofl~ [
Of Atr Or Irxhodst
Gos Propert,es
AIR
f:O I [ '>0
t t t t
PropertiesOf Air Properties Of Gas Equidbttum
Temperature Pt f0 Heoting
TI P Are Known T:Pif0- Known I~Pnf - Known Vnlue-Known
i ~ Cmculote h
Intermoleculnr I Thefmodynom¢

i
Cm'r.¢tmgt I
o°o
Properly Of Non I

I%S ~ UW
Correcton For
DumoclofionIf
Iqlclsnor y
i
I ] T Ik ~, uw
h~S0¢o~MW

Figure 3. Schematic of computer model.

2.1 CALCULATION OF THE THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES

OF DRY AIR

2.1.1 Composition and Molecular Weight of Dry Air

T h e c o m p o s i t i o n of a i r ~s b a s e d on t h e U. S. S t a n d a r d A t m o s p h e r e
of R e f . 9. T h i s c o m p o s i t i o n w a s s e l e c t e d b e c a u s e of t h e d e t a i l e d r e -
s e a r c h that went into its original d e v e l o p m e n t and the ongoing w o r k
t h a t c a n be u s e d to u p d a t e t he c o m p o s i t i o n if t h i s b e c o m e s n e c e s s a r y .
T h i s p a r t i c u l a r s o u r c e i s a l s o w i d e l y a c c e p t e d in t h e t u r b i n e e n g i n e
~and r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s .

12
 AE DC-TR-76-15

T h e c o m p o s i t i o n of R e f . 9 c o n t a i n s s e v e n t e e n c o n s t i t u e n t s ( s e e
T a b l e 1). To l e s s e n s t o r a g e r e q u i r e m e n t s a n d c o m p u t a t i o n t i m e , t h e
n u m b e r of t r a c e c o n s t i t u e n t s w a s r e d u c e d . T h e c r i t e r i a f o r r e d u c i n g
t h e n u m b e r of c o n s t i t u e n t s a r e l i s t e d b e l o w :

. T h e m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t of th e f i n a l c o m p o s i t i o n w o u l d
not d e v i a t e m o r e t h a n +0. 010 p e r c e n t f r o m t h e v a l u e
in R e f . 9 ( 2 8 . 9 6 4 4 I b m / I b m - m o l e ) .
. If t h e n u m b e r of c o n s t i t u e n t s n e c e s s a r y to m e e t i t e m 1
i s e q u a l to o r g r e a t e r t h a n t h r e e , t h e m o n a t o m i c t r a c e
e l e m e n t s w i l l be i n c l u d e d w i t h a N o b l e g a s an d t h e r e -
m a i n i n g t . r a c e c o n s t i t u e n t s i n c l u d e d w i t h one of t h e
other molecular constituents.

U s i n g a f o u r c o n s t i t u e n t c o m p o s i t i o n (N2, 0 2 , A, a n d CO 2) g i v e s
a m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t of 29. 9651 if t h e m o n a t o m i c e l e m e n t s a r e i n c l u d e d
w i t h a r g o n and t he r e m a i n d e r w i t h c a r b o n d i o x i d e . T h i s m o l e c u l a r
w e i g h t e x c e e d s t h e 0. 0 1 0 - p e r c e n t c r i t e r i a an d w a s r e j e c t e d . A f i v e
c o n s t i t u e n t c o m p o s i t i o n (N2, O2, A, CO2, a n d Ne) g i v e s a m o l e c u l a r
w e i g h t of 28. 9646 I b m / i b m - m o l e if t h e r e m a i n i n g m o n a t o m i c c o n -
s t i t u e n t s a r e i n c l u d e d w i t h n e o n , an d t h e o t h e r c o n s t i t u e n t s a r e i n -
c l u d e d w i t h t he c a r b o n d i o x i d e . A s u m m a r y of th e c o m p o s i t i o n i s s h o w n
b~low:
Mole Constituent
Constituent Fraction, ni M o l e c u l a r W e i g h t , MW i n i, MW i

Nitrogen 0.78084 28.0134 21.8740

Oxygen 0.209476 31.9988 6.7030
Argon 0.00934 39.944 0.3731
Carbon Dioxide
(+ t r a c e
Constituents) 0.0003194 44.00995 0.0141
Neon
(+ m o n a t o m i c
trace constitu-
ents) 0. 0000246 20. 183 0. 000 5
1.0000 28. 9646

T h e m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t of t h i s c o m p o s i t i o n d i f f e r s f r o m t h a t in R e f . 9
by 0. 0002 o r a p p r o x i m a t e l y 1 p a r t in 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . A l s o th e t r a c e

13
AEDC-TR-76-15

c o n s t i t u e n t s t h a t h a v e to be i n c l u d e d w i t h t h e f i v e c o n s t i t u e n t s a m o u n t
to 0. 00001182 p e r c e n t .

The c o m p u t e r m o d e l c o n s i d e r s this c o m p o s i t i o n and m o l e c u l a r

w e i g h t a s f i x e d . If e i t K e r t he c o m p o s i t i o n o r m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t of o n e
of t h e c o n s t i t u e n t s w e r e to c h a n g e s i g n i f i c a n t l y , a s i m p l e c a r d c h a n g e
would update the parameters. T h e i n c l u s i o n of w a t e r v a p o r c a n a l s o
be m a d e a s a c o n s t i t u e n t of a i r .

2.1.2 Equations for the Calculation of the Thermodynamic

Properties of the Constituents

T h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of p r i m a r y i n t e r e s t a r e e n t h a l p y ,
e n t r o p y , a n d s p e c i f i c h e a t at c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e . T h e p r o p e r t i e s of
t h e c o n s t i t u e n t s a r e t a k e n f r o m R e f s . 10 a n d 11. T h e b a s e t e m p e r a -
t u r e f o r e n t h a l p y is t a k e n a s 0°R, a n d t h e r e f e r e n c e p r e s s u r e f o r
e n t r o p y i s one a t m o s p h e r e . The tabular data from these sources
w e r e put into e q u a t i o n f o r m f o r c o m p u t e r s o l u t i o n . T h e o v e r a l l
r a n g e of t h e d a t a i s f r o m 300 to 1 , 8 0 0 ° R , a n d t h e d a t a w e r e d i v i d e d
i n t o t wo r a n g e s : f r o m 300 to 900°R a n d f r o m 900 to 1 , 8 0 0 ° R . T h e
t y p e e q u a t i o n c h o s e n f o r t h e d a t a a n d i t s d e g r e e w a s b a s e d on k e e p i n g
the e r r o r between the o r i g i n a l and the c a l c u l a t e d data l e s s than 0.1
p e r c e n t (2 s t a n d a r d d e v i a t i o n s ) . A t t e m p t s w e r e m a d e to fit t h e d a t a to
simple polynominal equations such as

a i - bit t ci T 2 - di'13 + el'! '~

•Li + hiT + . .. ~ ,.i T 4

and

,t i + . i l" t • .. 1- ei T 4

Ii ~ g,,i'l' + •.. * ~i T 4

T h e d a t a in t h e l o w t e m p e r a t u r e r a n g e c o u l d n o t be f i t t e d to t h e a b o v e
type equations and m e e t the a c c u r a c y r e q u i r e m e n t s ; t h e r e f o r e a
s p e c i a l t e c h n i q u e d i s c u s s e d in R e f . 20 w a s u s e d . T h i s p a r t i c u l a r
m e t h o d g i v e s t h e e x a c t v a l u e at the t a b u l a t e d p o i n t s . S i n c e R e f . 10
i s t a b u l a t e d in 180°R i n c r e m e n t s , a d d f f i o n a l d a t a w e r e r e q u e s t e d
f r o m t h e s o u r c e ( R e f . 10) in 1 8 - d e g i n c r e m e n t s to p r o v i d e a s m o o t h e r
c u r v e fit. T h e d a t a in t h e 900 to 1 , 8 0 0 ° R w e r e f i t t e d u s i n g t h e
simple polynomial expressions given below:

14
 AE DC-T R-76-15

Enthalpy

I1 i = aij ~ b j T t oil "1`2 ,, dijT 3 ~ e ijT 4 (1)

Entropy

S i = aik ÷ bikT + Cik T2 + dik T3 + e=k T4

(2)

Specific Heat

Cpi = ain ÷- bln'i" ... Cin T2 ~ din1"3 + ein']'4

(3)

T h e p o l y n o m i a l c u r v e fit e q u a t i o n s w e r e g e n e r a l l y t h i r d d e g r e e o r
l e s s . T h e p o l y n o m i a l e q u a t i o n s f o r the c o n s t i t u e n t s of a i r w i l l be
found in T a b l e 2 (900 to 1 , 8 0 0 ° R r a n g e ) . T h e fit of t h e o r i g i n a l
J A N A F data f o r the m a j o r c o n s t i t u e n t s g a v e a m a x i m u m e r r o r (2 s t a n d -
a r d d e v i a t i o n s ) of 0 . 1 p e r c e n t w h e n t h e d a t a a r e r e c a l c u l a t e d f o r u s e in
t h e c o m p u t e r m o d e l . S p e c i a l p r e c a u t i o n s w e r e t a k e n to p r e v e n t a s t e p
f r o m o c c u r r i n g in t h e p r o p e r t i ' e s at the t r a n s i t i o n r e g i o n at 900°R.

2.1.3 Calculation of the Properties of Air

T h e c a l c u l a t i o n of t h e e n t h a l p y , e n t r o p y , and s p e c i f i c h e a t (Cp)
is m a d e by s u m m i n g t h e p r o p e r t i e s of t h e i n d i v i d u a l c o n s t i t u e n t s
b a s e d on t h e i r m o l e f r a c t i o n s in a i r . The e q u a t i o n s u s e d a r e :

Enthalpy:

5
llai r = ~ hill i
i= ! (4)

Entropy:

Sai r = ~ iSi- Ri?.n

• "i= I (5)

Specific Heat:

5
= ~- IiC
Cpair i=l Pi (6)

15
AE DC-TR-76-1 5

T h e m o l e f r a c t i o n s of t h e i n d i v i d u a l c o m p o n e n t s of a i r (n i) a n d t h e
p r o p e r t i e s of t h e s e i n d i v i d u a l c o m p o n e n t s a r e d i s c u s s e d in S e c t i o n 2 . 1 . 1
and 2 . 1 . 2 , r e s p e c t i v e l y .

2.1.4 Correlation for Intermolecular Forces

I n t e r m o l e c u l a r f o r c e s p r o d u c e a s i g n i f i c a n t e f f e c t on t h e r m o -
d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of g a s e s at h i g h e r p r e s s u r e s and l o w e r t e m p e r a -
t u r e s . T h i s e f f e c t can be s e e n in F i g . 4 w h e r e a n o n d i m e n s i o n a l i z e d
f o r m of the s p e c i f i c h e a t at c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e (Cp/R) of a i r ( f r o m
Ref. 4) i s c o m p a r e d a s a t h e r m a l l y p e r f e c t g a s a n d r e a l g a s . T h e p e r -
f e c t g a s p r o p e r t y is c a l c u l a t e d f r o m s p e c t r o s c o p i c d a t a , a n d a v i r i a l
c o r r e c t i o n i s a p p l i e d to t h i s f o r t h e r e a l g a s p r o p e r t y . In F i g . 4, t h e
i n f l u e n c e of p r e s s u r e c a n be s e e n a s t h e v a l u e of Cp/R i n c r e a s e s a s
t h e p r e s s u r e i n c r e a s e s at t h e l o w e r t e m p e r a t u r e s . To e n s u r e t h a t
t h e . c a l c u l a t e d v a l u e s of e n t h a l p y , e n t r o p y , and s p e c i f i c h e a t f o r a i r
in t h i s m o d e l ( E q s . (4), (5), and (6)) i n c l u d e t h e e f f e c t of i n t e r m o l e c u -
l a r f o r c e s , a c o r r e c t i o n is a d d e d to t h e c a l c u l a t i o n of t h e s e p r o p e r t i e s

4.00
Data From Ref.4

n~
~, 3.75

trno~eres

3'II0 I

3.400
0
I I I I I
200 400 600 800 I000
TEMPERATURE-• R

Figure 4. Effect of pressure on a nondimensionalized specific heat

(Cp/R) for air at low temperatures.

]5
 AEDC-TR-76-1§

f o r e a c h of t h e c o n s t i t u e n t s in a i r . T h e c o n s t i t u e n t c o r r e c t i o n s a r e
t h e n a d d e d to t h e p r o p e r t i e s c a l c u l a t e d by E q s . (1), (2), a n d (3).
T h e s e c o r r e c t e d c o n s t i t u e n t s a r e t h e n s u m m e d a c c o r d i n g to E q s . (4),
(5), a n d (6) to g e t t h e p r o p e r t i e s of a i r at t h e p a r t i c u l a r t e m p e r a t u r e
and p r e s s u r e .

The equations for calculating the c o r r e c t i o n a r e taken f r o m

Ref. 21 and a r e g i v e n b e l o w :

Enthalpy:

Hcorrection i = RiT i- T-~[-J -. ~i2 i , d--T"J (7)

Entropy:

Scorrectioni = - ailv~i dBi

aT lib i 2 - C i +
2Vi2 dci]~
T-Tf'J)
(8)

Specific Heat:

Tl~i! d2B | I/B dB~ 2 dci T 2 d2Cil~

C
Pcorreetion i = _ Ri dT 2 V~ i - T d'F/ - Ci + dT 2 d-'~-2]) (9)
T h e s e c o r r e c t i o n s a r e t h e n a d d e d to t h e v a l u e of t h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c
p r o p e r t y c a l c u l a t e d a c c o r d i n g to E q s . (1), (2), a n d (3) a s g i v e n b e l o w :

Enthalpy:

Hi = Hi + Hcorrectioni (10)

Entropy:

$i = Si + $correction i (11)

Specific Heat:

= * Cp .
(12)
Cpi Cp i correction i

17
AE DC-TR o76-15

T h e ( v i r i a l ) c o e f f i c i e n t s and t h e i r d e r i v a t i v e s f o r u s e in E q s . (7),
(8), and (9) w e r e t a k e n f r o m d a t a in Ref. 22. T h e s e data w e r e f i t t e d
to p o l y n o m i a l e q u a t i o n s f o r e a s e of c a l c u l a t i o n s . T h e e q u a t i o n s a r e
g i v e n in T a b l e s 3 a n d 4.

2.1.5 Summary of Air Properties and Equations

A f i v e - c o n s t i t u e n t a i r i s d e f i n e d and s h o w n b e l o w :

Constituent Mole F r a c t i o n

Nitrogen 0.78084
Oxygen 0.209476
Argon 0.00934
Carbon Dioxide 0.0003194
Neon 0.0000246

T h e m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t is 28. 9646. T h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of
the a i r ( e n t h a l p y , e n t r o p y , and s p e c i f i c h e a t at c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e )
a r e c a l c u l a t e d f r o m a s u m m a t i o n of the p r o p e r t i e s of t h e c o n s t i t u e n t s
b a s e d on the c o m p o s i t i o n ( E n i H i , e t c . ). T h e c o n s t i t u e n t p r o p e r t i e s
a r e c u r v e fits of the data f r o m R e f s . 10 and 11. T h e d a t a a r e f i t t e d
o v e r a r a n g e f r o m 300 to i , 800OR u s i n g the s p l i n e fit t e c h n i q u e of
Ref. 20 f o r the 300 to 900°R r a n g e and p o l y n o m i a l c u r v e f i t s

ai. + b i T -- c i . ' l "2 - di.'F 3 + ei.T 4

l J J J J

f r o m 900 to 1,800°R. A c o r r e c t i o n f o r i n t e r m o l e c u l a r f o r c e s
( E q s . (7), (8), and (9)) i s a d d e d to t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s c a l c u -
l a t e d f r o m R e f s . 10 and 11. T h e e q u a t i o n s f o r the c o n s t i t u e n t
p r o p e r t i e s 900 to 1 , 8 0 0 ° R r a n g e and v i r i a l c o e f f i c i e n t s will be found
in T a b l e s 2, 3, and 4.

2.2 CALCULATION OF THE THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF

TURBINE EXHAUST GAS

T h e m o d e l f o r c a l c u l a t i n g t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of e x h a u s t
p r o d u c e d f r o m the c o m b u s t i o n of a h y d r o c a r b o n f u e l (CnHx n) and a i r
c o n s i s t s of:

1. Determining the exhaust gas composition,

18
 AEDC-TR-76-15

2. Calculating the thermodynamic properties of the

constituents of the exhaust, and
3. Summing the constituent properties based on the
mole fraction of constituent present in the exhaust
gas.

The primary thermodynamic properties calculated are enthalpy,

entropy, specific heat at constant pressure, and molecular weight.
I n a d d i t i o n , p r o p e r t i e s s u c h a s t h e r a t i o of s p e c i f i c h e a t s a n d t h e
sonic velocity are available as options.

The calculations can be made over a temperature range from

600 t o 4 , 0 0 0 ° R , a p r e s s u r e r a n g e f r o m 0 . 1 t o 600 p s i a , a n d f u e l -
t o - a i r r a t i o s f r o m z e r o t o s t o i c h i o m e t r i c ( F i g . 2). T h e m e t h o d
of calculation is dependent upon whether the effects of chemical
dissocation are included. The criteria for determining whether
the effects of chemical dissociation are included are based on the
dissociation of the oxygen molecule and are similar to the criteria
of R e f . 23. If t h e f o l l o w i n g e q u a t i o n i s t r u e

T<T I
(13)

where

T I = 3000 ; 182],'JgPa
(14)

then the effects of chemical dissociation of the exhaust gas are not
considered. If

T > I" I (1 5)

t h e e f f e c t s of c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n a r e c o n s i d e r e d . E q u a t i o n (14) i s
s i m i l a r t o t h e c r i t e r i a of R e f . 24 a n d i s b a s e d o n t h e a m o u n t o f d i s s o c i -
a t i o n in t h e o x y g e n m o l e c u l e . W h e n T > T I, t h e m o l e f r a c t i o n of t h e
d i s s o c i a t e d o x y g e n m o l e c u l e w i l l b e 0. 0 0 5 0 0 o r g r e a t e r . Figure 5
shows the area of interest for the exhaust gas calculations with the
division between the area where the effects of chemical dissociation
are considered and not considered. This division has the benefit of
removing most turbine calculations from the area where the effects
of chemical dissociation are included.

19
AEDC-TR-76-15

100

in
hJ
a-
I-dr
'1
(n
hO I
!

a¢
OI m
In
(n

o.

0.01 --

0 001 I I I I
0 I000 2O0O 300O 4000

TEMPERATURE-°R

Figure 5. Pressure-temperature regime for the calculation of

exhaust gas properties (considering dissociation).

T h e c o m p u t e r m o d e l f o r c a l c u l a t i n g the t h e r m o d y n a m i c proper-
t i e s u s e s t h e a i r c o m p o s i t i o n g i v e n in S e c t i o n 2 . 1 a n d a h y d r o c a r b o n
f u e l c o m p o s i t i o n of C n I I x n . T h e f u e l g r a d e c a n b e v a r i e d b y s u i t a b l e
c h o i c e o f "x" a n d b y c h a n g i n g t h e h y d r o g e n - t o - c a r b o n in t h e m o d e l .
The thermodynamic properties of all constituents for air and exhaust
gas are kept accessible in o r d e r t h a t p r o p e r t i e s m a y be c h a n g e d a s
new data become available.

2.2.1 Thermodynamic Properties of an Exhaust Gas with the

Effects of Chemical Dissociation not Considered, T ~ T,

The thermodynamic p r o p e r t i e s f o r an e x h a u s t g a s t h a t i s c o m -
pletely reacted with no effects of chemical dissociation considered
a r e c a l c u l a t e d f o r T _< T I. T h e a s s u m e d r e a c t i o n a n d c o n s t i t u e n t s
involved are shown below:

aCnllxn + bN 2 I cO., - d."t ~ eCO., I- fNe--4,

gCO 2 t ill20 .- b N 2 ~ kO 2 f- d~t , f'N'e (i6)

20
 AE DC-TR-76-15

T h e r e a c t i o n i s a s s u m e d to t a k e p l a c e b e t w e e n :

600 <_ T < T!

(17)

T h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of t h e c o n s t i t u e n t s in E q . (16) w i l l
be f o u n d in T a b l e 5. T h e s e d a t a a r e c u r v e f i t s of t h e t a b u l a r d a t a
f o u n d in R e f s . 10 and 11 a n d c o v e r t h e t e m p e r a t u r e r a n g e in E q . (17).
T h e m e t h o d of m a k i n g t h e e x h a u s t g a s c a l c u l a t i o n s i s b a s i c a l l y t h e
s a m e a s R e f s . 17 and 25. T h e v a l u e s of t h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r -
t i e s h, s, Cp, a n d R of t h e e x h a u s t g a s a r e c o m p u t e d on t h e b a s i s of
the following assumptions:

. T h e c o m p o s i t i o n of t h e e x h a u s t gas i s b a s e d on t h e c o n -
d i t i o n t h a t t h e f u e l i s c o m p l e t e l y c o n v e r t e d to CO2 and
H20. From this follows

a. T h e c o m p o s i t i o n of t h e e x h a u s t g a s d o e s not
c h a n g e in g o i n g t h r o u g h a t h e r m o d y n a m i c
process.
b. T h e a m o u n t of u n b u r n e d h y d r o c a r b o n s in t h e
exhaust is negligible.
q

2. T h e i n t e r n a l e n e r g y s t a t e s of e a c h c o m p o n e n t g a s a r e in
equilibrium.
. T h e e x h a u s t g a s b e h a v e s a s a p e r f e c t m i x t u r e of p e r f e c t
gases. Intermolecular forces are not considered.

A s a r e s u l t of a s s u m p t i o n 3, t h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s s u c h a s
e n t h a l p y of a m i x e d g a s i s t h e s u m of t h e e n t h a l p y of e a c h c o m p o n e n t
m u l t i p l i e d b y t h e r a t i o of t h e m a s s of t h a t c o m p o n e n t to t h e t o t a l m a s s ,
of t h e m i x t u r e . F o r up to s t o i c h i o m e t r i c , t h e e n t h a l p y of t h e e x h a u s t
gas is:

hT =" AIR
+ (18)

where 1
H II2 ° ~ II0
.%* = 2 (19)
2.016

HCO2- Ho~ (20)

B $ = 12.011

21
AE DC-TR -76-15

T h e t e r m [(A m + B~::)/(1 + m) 1 in Eq. (18) a c c o u n t s f o r t h e d i f f e r e n c e

b e t w e e n t h e e n t h a l p y of the w a t e r and c a r b o n d i o x i d e in t h e r e a c t e d
m i x t u r e and the e n t h a l p y of t h e o x y g e n r e m o v e d f r o m t h e a i r (hai r ) by
t h e i r f o r m a t i o n . T h e t e r m [1/(1 + f)] e x p r e s s e s the u n i t s of m a s s of
the e n t h a l p y in t e r m s of Ibm of e x h a u s t g a s . A s i m i l a r r e l a t i o n
b e t w e e n t h e p r o p e r t i e s of t h e m i x t u r e a n d t h o s e of t h e c o n s t i t u e n t
g a s e s h o l d s with r e g a r d to s, Cp, a n d R.

T h e m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t of t h e e x h a u s t g a s is d e t e r m i n e d by:

~!~ =
'
n I]

J]
(21)

2.2.2 Thermodynamic Properties of Turbine Exhaust Gas When the

Effects of Chemical Dissociation are Considered, T > T,

T h e c a l c u l a t i o n of t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s at t e m p e r a t u r e s
g r e a t e r t h a n T I i n c l u d e the e f f e c t s of c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n
( s e e F i g . 5). In S e c t i o n 2 . 2 . 1 , the e x h a u s t g a s c o m p o s i t i o n w a s d e -
f i n e d a s c o n t a i n i n g CO2, H 2 0 , and c o n s t i t u e n t s of a i r . When c h e m i -
c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n b e c o m e s i m p o r t a n t , t h e e x h a u s t g a s will c o n t a i n
n u m e r o u s t r a c e c o n s t i t u e n t s . In a d d i t i o n to t h o s e s h o w n in Eq. (16),
the f o l l o w i n g a r e a s s u m e d a s p o s s i b l e c o n s t i t u e n t s : CO, H2, O, OH,
H, and NO. O t h e r c o n s t i t u e n t s m i g h t be i n c l u d e d , but t h e c r i t e r i a
w e r e to e l i m i n a t e a n y c o n s t i t u e n t w h o s e m o l e f r a c t i o n w a s l e s s t h a n
10 -4 o v e r t h e e n v e l o p e s h o w n in F i g . 2.

The calculation of a t h e r m o d y n a m i c property such as enthalpy,

entropy, or specific heat is m a d e in two steps w h e n the k n o w n value
of temperature "T" is greater than T I. The procedure is to calcu-
late the sensible enthalpy at T I by the m e t h o d of Section 2.2. I, then
to calculate the change in chemical plus sensible enthalpy going f r o m
T I to T considering the exhaust gas to have a variable composition.
The enthalpy change going f r o m T I to T is then added to the enthalpy
at T I to give the enthalpy at T.
>

The calculation of the t h e r m o d y n a m i c property in the region

f r o m T I to T where the composition is variable is done by the m e t h o d
of Ref. 18. The basic calculation method involves calculating the
exhaust gas composition by the minimization of free energy. With
the composition at T I and T, the enthalpy is then calculated f r o m the
Eq. (22):

22
 AEDC-TB-76-15

k
i=] uHi(Ti,P)
h(T,p ) = MW(T,p} (22)

T h e e n t h a l p y i s a l s o c a l c u l a t e d a t (T I, P):

k
i=l niHi(Ti,P)
3~
h(Ti,P) = MW('FI,P)
(23)

T h e c h a n g e in e n t h a l p y i s t h e n the d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n E q s . (23) and

(22) a n d i s t h e s e n s i b l e c o m p o n e n t of t h e e n t h a l p y d i f f e r e n c e :

Ah(T,p ) = h(T,p ) - h(Tl,P)

(24)

T h e e n t h a l p y c a l c u l a t e d f o r the f r o z e n c o m p o s i t i o n at T I b y the
m e t h o d of S e c t i o n 2 . 2 . 1 (Eq. (18)) i s a d d e d to t h e s e n s i b l e e n t h a l p y
of E q . (24):

h(T,P) = h(T I) + Ah(T,P) (25)

T h e c a l c u l a t e d v a l u e of e n t h a l p y i s a l w a y s a p o s i t i v e v a l u e . U s i n g the
m e t h o d of Eq. (25) e l i m i n a t e s the p r o b l e m of a d i s c o n t i n u i t y at TI a n d
t h e r e w i l l be a s m o o t h t r a n s i t i o n b e t w e e n the two c a l c u l a t i o n s t e p s .
T h e c a l c u l a t i o n f o r e n t r o p y and s p e c i f i c h e a t at c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e i s
m a d e in t h e s a m e m a n n e r . The" c a l c u l a t i o n of t h e m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t
i s b a s e d on t h e c o m p o s i t i o n c a l c u l a t e d at T and P . T h e m o l e c u l a r
w e i g h t s s u m m e d a s s h o w n below:

"VIW(Tp) = i=~lniMW i (26)

T h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of t h e v a r i o u s c o n s t i t u e n t s n e e d e d
f o r the m o d e l w i l l be found in T a b l e 5. T h e s e p r o p e r t i e s a r e p o l y -
n o m i a l c u r v e f i t s of the d a t a f r o m R e f s . 10 a n d 11. T h e e q u a t i o n s
are generally third degree or less.

23
AEDC-TR-76-15

2.2.3 Summary of Equations for the Calculation of

Exhaust Gas Properties

A c o m p u t e r model was p r e s e n t e d that c a l c u l a t e s the t h e r m o -

d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of t he e x h a u s t g a s f o r m e d f r o m t h e r e a c t i o n of
a i r a nd h y d r o c a r b o n f u e l (CnHxn). T h e m o d e l c o v e r s th e t e m p e r a -
t u r e r a n g e f r o m 600 to 4 , 0 0 0 ° R , t h e p r e s s u r e r a n g e f r o m 0 . 1 to
600 p s i a , a n d a f u e l - t o - a i r r a t i o f r o m 0 to a p p r o x i m a t e l y s t o i c h i o -
m e t r i c . T h e m o d e l r e g i m e is d i v i d e d into two c a l c u l a t i o n r e g i o n s :
o n e r e g i o n w h e r e t h e e x h a u s t g a s is c o m p l e t e l y r e a c t e d i n t o H 2 0
a n d CO2 w i t h no e f f e c t s of c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n c o n s i d e r e d , a n d
t h e r e g i o n w h e r e t h e e f f e c t s of d i s s o c i a t i o n a r e c o n s i d e r e d . T h e
r e g i o n s a r e d i v i d e d by t h e e q u a t i o n ( E q . (14)):

T l = 3000 + 182 log. P..,

w h i c h is b a s e d on t h e a m o u n t of m o l e c u l a r o x y g e n t h a t d i s s o c i a t e s
in a t o m i c o x y g e n .

T h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s (h, s, Cp) f o r t h e e x h a u s t w i t h
no e f f e c t s of c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n c o n s i d e r e d a r e b a s e d on t h e
m e t h o d of R e f s . 17 a nd 25. T h e e q u a t i o n ( E q . (18)) f o r c a l c u l a t i n g
the e n t h a l p y is:

hT = air + ~'~, I t-~l

a n d t h e c a l c u l a t i o n f o r e n t r o p y , s p e c i f i c h e a t , an d t h e g a s c o n s t a n t
f o l l o w s t he s a m e f o r m a t . T h e m e t h o d f o r c a l c u l a t i n g th e s a m e
p r o p e r t i e s in t h e r e g i o n w h e r e t he e f f e c t s of c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n
a r e c o n s i d e r e d u s e s a c o m b i n a t i o n of t h e m e t h o d g i v e n a b o v e a n d
t h e m e t h o d of Ref. 18. T h e p r o p e r t y , e n t h a l p y f o r i n s t a n c e , i s
c a l c u l a t e d a s a n o n d i s s o c i a t e d g a s at t e m p e r a t u r e T I. T h e c o m p o -
s i t i o n of t h e e x h a u s t g a s is t h e n c a l c u l a t e d at T a n d T I ( a n d t h e
k n o w n p r e s s u r e ) , and t h e e n t h a l p y i s c a l c u l a t e d at th e two t e m p e r a -
t u r e s b a s e d on t h e m o l e f r a c t i o n of t h e v a r i o u s c o n s t i t u e n t s . T h e
d i f f e r e n c e in e n t h a l p y at t h e two t e m p e r a t u r e s (T a n d T I) i s a d d e d
to t h e n o n d i s s o c i a t e d e n t h a l p y c a l c u l a t e d a t T I to g i v e t h e e n t h a l p y
at t h e k n o w n t e m p e r a t u r e a n d p r e s s u r e . T h e c a l c u l a t i o n of th e
e n t r o p y and s p e c i f i c heat follows the s a m e f o r m a t . The c a l c u l a t i o n
of t he m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t i s b a s e d on a s u m m a t i o n of t h e m o l e c u l a r
w e i g h t s of t h e c o n s t i t u e n t s w e i g h t e d b y t h e m o l e f r a c t i o n s c a l c u l a t e d
at t h e k n o w n t e m p e r a t u r e a nd p r e s s u r e .

24
 AEDC-TR-76-15

T h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of the c o n s t i t u e n t s a r e p r e s e n t e d a s
c u r v e f i t s of t h e t a b u l a r d a t a found in R e f s . 10 and 11.

3.0 OPERATION OF THE COMPUTER MODEL

T h e c o m p u t e r m o d e l c a l c u l a t e s the t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s o f
a i r and of the p r o d u c t s of c o m b u s t i o n of a i r and a h y d r o c a r b o n fuel
(Cn Hxn). T h e i n p u t ~ p a r a m e t e r s f o r the m o d e l a r e t e m p e r a t u r e (°R),
p r e s s u r e ( p s i a ) , fuel h e a t i n g v a l u e ( B t u / l b m ) , f u e l - t o - a i r r a t i o ( I b m / I b m ) ,
e x h a u s t g a s e n t h a l p y ( B t u / l b m ) , and XKON { d i m e n s i o n l e s s c o n t r o l p a r a m -
e t e r ) . T h e n o r m a l c a l c u l a t i o n p r o c e d u r e i s to s o l v e f o r e n t h a l p y , e n t r o p y ,
s p e c i f i c h e a t , and m o l e c u l a r w e i g h t w h e n t h e t e m p e r a t u r e , p r e s s u r e , a n d
f u e l = t o - a i r r a t i o a r e known. T h e m o d e l w i l l c a l c u l a t e the e q u i l i b r i u m
e x h a u s t g a s t e m p e r a t u r e if t h e p r e s s u r e , f u e l - t o - a i r r a t i o , and the
e x h a u s t g a s e n t h a l p y a r e known. T h e s a m e ' c a l c u l a t i o n can be m a d e if
the f u e l h e a t i n g v a l u e i s k n o w n i n s t e a d of t h e e x h a u s t g a s e n t h a l p y . T h e
p a r t i c u l a r c a l c u l a t i o n i s d e t e r m i n e d b y the c o m p u t e r t h r o u g h the u s e of
d u m m y input p a r a m e t e r s . T h e g e n e r a l o p e r a t i o n of the c o m p u t e r m o d e l
a n d the s p e c i f i c m o d e l i n p u t s w i l l be d e s c r i b e d b e l o w . A g e n e r a l f l o w
d i a g r a m of the p r o g r a m i s s h o w n in F i g . 3, and a l i s t i n g w i l l be found
in A p p e n d i x B.

The m o d e l is divided into two sections, one calculates the air prop-
erties and the other calculates the exhaust gas properties. T h e m o d e l
initially decides which section is required f r o m the value of the fuel-to-
air ratio (f). If the value is zero, then the calculation of t h e r m o d y n a m i c
properties is m a d e for air; if a positive value is presented, then
properties for exhaust gas are calculated (if by accident a negative
value is input, the p r o g r a m prints an error m e s s a g e and the value of
"f"). F o r the calculation of the t h e r m o d y n a m i c properties of air, the
required input data are the k n o w n value of air temperature and pres-
sure and zero for the fuel heating value, fuel-to-air ratio, enthalpy,
and X K O N . With the value of "f" equal to zero, the p r o g r a m begins
the calculation of air properties in subroutine T H E R M O w h e r e the
m o l a r composition of air is located as well as the molecular weights
for the constituents of air and the fixed molecular weight of air. T h e
t h e r m o d y n a m i c properties of air are calculated in subroutine G A S , and
the corrections for intermolecular forces are calculated in subroutines
H M I X P , SMIXP, and C P M I X P . If the a i r t e m p e r a t u r e i s b e t w e e n 300
a n d 900°R, the c o n s t i t u e n t p r o p e r t i e s of a i r a r e c a l c u l a t e d in s u b r o u t i n e
H S C P w h i c h i s t h e s p e c i a l c u r v e f i t t i n g r o u t i n e of Ref. 20, and if t h e
t e m p e r a t u r e i s b e t w e e n 900 and 1800°R, t h e c o n s t i t u e n t p r o p e r t i e s a r e
c a l c u l a t e d f r o m t h e p o l y n o m i a l c u r v e - f i t s in s u b r o u t i n e C O E F F .

23
AE DC-TR-76-15

T h e c a l c u l a t i o n of t h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of t h e e x h a u s t
g a s f o l l o w s a p a t h s i m i l a r to a i r . T y p i c a l r e q u i r e d i n p u t s a r e t h e
known t e m p e r a t u r e , p r e s s u r e , and f u e l - t o - a i r r a t i o and z e r o for the
f u e l h e a t i n g v a l u e , e n t h a l p y , a n d XKON. In t h i s c a s e , t h e p o s i t i v e "f"
i n d i c a t e s t h a t an e x h a u s t g a s c a l c u l a t i o n w i l l be m a d e an d t h e n a c h e c k
i s m a d e to s e e if t h e t e m p e r a t u r e a nd p r e s s u r e a r e in t h e a r e a w h e r e
t h e e f f e c t s of c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n a r e i n c l u d e d ( E q . (14) o r F i g . 5).
If t h e p r o p e r t i e s a r e in t h e n o n d i s s o c i a t e d r e g i o n s u b r o u t i n e GAS i s
c a l l e d w i t h t e m p e r a t u r e , a n d " f . " T h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s of
e x h a u s t g a s a r e c a l c u l a t e d in t h i s s u b r o u t i n e u s i n g th e i n d i v i d u a l c o n -
s t i t u e n t p r o p e r t i e s c a l c u l a t e d f r o m s u b r o u t i n e C O E F F . If t h e r e -
q u i r e d p r o p e r t i e s a r e in t he d i s s o c i a t e d r e g i o n , t h e t e m p e r a t u r e ,
p r e s s u r e , a n d "f" a r e u s e d in s u b r o u t i n e C H E M E Q to s e t up th e a t o m
c o n c e n t r a t i o n of t he i n d i v i d u a l c o n s t i t u e n t s in th e f u e l and a i r . T h e s e '
c o n c e n t r a t i o n s a nd t h e t e m p e r a t u r e and p r e s s u r e a r e u s e d in s u b -
r o u t i n e P R O P to s o l v e f o r t he e q u i l i b r i u m c o n c e n t r a t i o n of th e e x h a u s t
g a s s p e c i e s . S u b r o u t i n e P R O P c o n t a i n s th e c o n v e r g e n c e c r i t e r i a
( D E L L ) w h i c h is c u r r e n t l y s e t f o r 10 -4 f o r N 2 and H 2 0 and 10 -6 f o r
0 2 . T h i s m e a n s t h a t t he p a r t i a l p r e s s u r e of H 2 0 , N2, and 0 2 m u s t
not c h a n g e by m o r e t h a n 10 -4 o r 10 -6 b e t w e e n s u c c e s s i v e i t e r a t i o n s
d u r i n g t h e s o l v i n g f o r t he s p e c i e c o n c e n t r a t i o n . G e n e r a l l y a s o l u t i o n
is a c h i e v e d w i t h i n t h r e e i t e r a t i o n s . T h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s
s u c h as Gibbs f r e e e n e r g i e s a r e c a l c u l a t e d in s u b r o u t i n e T H E R M f r o m
c o n s t i t u e n t p r o p e r t i e s f o u n d in s u b r o u t i n e C O E F Y . When t h e e q u i l i b -
r i u m c o n c e n t r a t i o n is e s t a b l i s h e d , t h e n th e t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s
l i k e e n t h a l p y , e n t r o p y , a n d s p e c i f i c h e a t a r e d e t e r m i n e d in s u b r o u t i n e
T H E R M f r o m c o n s t i t u e n t p r o p e r t i e s f o u n d in s u b r o u t i n e C O E F Y .

The m o d e l will also d e t e r m i n e the e q u i l i b r i u m exhaust gas t e m -

p e r a t u r e f o r k n o w n v a l u e s of p r e s s u r e , e n t h a l p y , a n d f u e l - t o - a i r r a t i o .
Z e r o i s input f o r t h e f u e l h e a t i n g v a l u e and XKON a n d + 1 . 0 f o r th e
temperature. The d a t a go t h r o u g h s u b r o u t i n e THER]VIO into C H E M E Q
w h e r e t he a t o m c o n c e n t r a t i o n s of o x y g e n , n i t r o g e n , a r g o n , n e o n ,
c a r b o n , a n d h y d r o g e n a r e d e t e r m i n e d a n d s e n t to s u b r o u t i n e P R O P
a l o n g w i t h t he p r e s s u r e a nd e n t h a l p y . S u b r o u t i n e P R O P c o n t a i n s a n
i n i t i a l e s t i m a t e of the t e m p e r a t u r e ( c u r r e n t l y s e t at 3 , 0 0 6 ° R ) to be
u s e d to c a l c u l a t e t h e Gibbs f r e e e n e r g y a n d u l t i m a t e l y a f i r s t e s t i m a t e
of the e n t h a l p y . T h i s e n t h a l p y i s c o m p a r e d w i t h t h e k n o w n v a l u e of
e n t h a l p y , a nd a c o r r e c t i o n i s m a d e to t h e e s t i m a t e d t e m p e r a t u r e b a s e d
on t h e d i f f e r e n c e in t he e n t h a l p i e s . An i t e r a t i o n l o o p is s e t up, an d
the t e m p e r a t u r e i s c h a n g e d u n t i l t he p a r t i a l p r e s s u r e of H 2 0 , O2, an d
N2 c o n v e r g e to m e e t t he r e q u i r e m e n t s of D E L L d i s c u s s e d e a r l i e r an d
t h e t e m p e r a t u r e c h a n g e i s l e s s t h a n (0. l ) ( c p ) o r a p p r o x i m a t e l y 0 . 0 3 °.

25
 AE DC-T R-76-15

T h e m o d e l w i l l a l s o d e t e r m i n e th e e q u i l i b r i u m t e m p e r a t u r e if t h e
h e a t i n g v a l u e of t he f u e l is k n o w n . T h e i n p u t f o r t h i s c a s e w o u l d be
p r e s s u r e , f u e l h e a t i n g v a l u e , and f u e l - t o - a i r r a t i o . A v a l u e of - I . 0
i s i n p u t f o r t h e e n t h a l p y a n d XKON a n d + I . 0 f o r th e t e m p e r a t u r e .
T h e n e g a t i v e v a l u e s h a v e no p h y s i c a l m e a n i n g , but a r e u s e d to d i r e c t
t h e m o d e l to s p e c i f i c s u b r o u t i n e s . T h e a c t u a l c a l c u l a t i o n p r o c e d u r e
i s t h e s a m e a s f o r t h e p r e v i o u s c a s e w h e r e th e e n t h a l p y w a s k n o w n ,
e x c e p t t h a t t h e e n t h a l p y of t h e f u e l m u s t be d e t e r m i n e d f r o m t h e f u e l
h e a t i n g v a l u e in s u b r o u t i n e F U E L H . T h e c o n v e r g e n c e c r i t e r i a f o r
H 2 0 , 0 2 , a n d N2 a r e t he s a m e a s d i s c u s s e d e a r l i e r .

A s u b r o u t i n e (SONV) h a s b e e n i n c l u d e d w i t h t h e p r o g r a m to c a l c u -
l a t e t h e r a t i o of s p e c i f i c h e a t s an d th e s o n i c v e l o c i t y . T h i s s u b r o u t i n e
uses inputs (molecular weight, fuel-to-air ratio, temperature, and
t h e s p e c i f i c h e a t at c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e ) f r o m t h e m a i n p r o g r a m , but
t h e s u b r o u t i n e is not c a l l e d a u t o m a t i c a l l y . T h e r e f o r e , if t h e s e c a l c u -
l a t e d v a l u e s a r e r e q u i r e d , c a l l s t a t e m e n t s m u s t be g i v e n in t h e s u b -
routine where the values are required.

4.0 PRESENTATION OF RESULTS AND COMPARISON OF DATA

V a r i o u s t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t i e s w e r e c a l c u l a t e d using the
c o m p u t e r p r o g r a m of t h i s r e p o r t a n d w e r e c o m p a r e d w i t h o t h e r d a t a
c u r r e n t l y in u s e in t h e t u r b i n e e n g i n e i n d u s t r y . T h e c o m p a r e d d a t a
c o n s i s t e d of e n t h a l p y a n d s p e c i f i c h e a t at c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e f o r b o t h
a i r a n d t u r b i n e e x h a u s t g a s a s th e w o r k i n g f l u i d .

4.1 COMPARISON OF DATA FOR AIR

E n t h a l p y is a p r i m a r y t h e r m o d y n a m i c p r o p e r t y u s e d in t h e a n a l y s i s
of a t u r b i n e e n g i n e . T h e e n t h a l p y of a i r b a s e d on th e m o d e l d e s c r i b e d
w a s c o m p a r e d w i t h t h e p u b l i s h e d v a l u e s of e n t h a l p y in R e f s . 3, 4, 6,
7, a n d 8. T h e e n t h a l p y w a s c o m p a r e d b y t h e p e r c e n t d e v i a t i o n a s a
f u n c t i o n of t e m p e r a t u r e . The p e r c e n t deviation was c a l c u l a t e d by

(h B - h.I-) , - (h B - h T)
Percent Deviation = × ]oo (27)
(h B - hT) I

27
 I
AE D C - T R - 7 6 - 1 5

The data from the previously listed sources are noted ( )2 w h i l e

the data calculated using the method of this report are noted by
( )1. B e c a u s e of t h e d i f f e r e n t b a s e t e m p e r a t u r e s for enthalpy
and/or the constituent data an artificial base was used, and all data
were compared as an enthalpy difference between the desired tem-
p e r a t u r e a n d t h a t of 1 , 8 0 0 ° R . The base temperature was'chosen at
1 , 8 0 0 CR b e c a u s e a i r c a n be t r e a t e d a s a t h e r m a l l y p e r f e c t g a s a t t h i s
temperature; also this is the maximum temperature for the air calcu-
lations. The data were compared at two pressures, a low pressure
o f 0 . 1 ( F i g . f;a) a n d a h i g h p r e s s u r e of a p p r o x i m a t e l y 40 a t m
( F i g . Gb). S h o w n in F i g . 6a is a c o m p a r i s o n of t h e d a t a f r o m t h i s
program with three sets of data where air is treated as a thermally
p e r f e c t g a s ( R e f s . 3, 4, a n d 8) a n d t h e e n t h a l p y i s a f u n c t i o n of t e m -
p e r a t u r e o n l y . In t h e s e r e f e r e n c e s , there are no corrections for
pressure, and the deviation between thermally perfect gas behavior
a n d a r e a l g a s c a n be s e e n . F i g u r e 6a shoxx.:s t h a t a i r p r o p e r t i e s
a s c a l c u l a t e d by t h i s p r o g r a m a p p r o a c h p e r f e c t g a s b e h a v i o r a t
1,100°l~. The data also show that the calculated enthalpy data are
b e l o w t h a t f o r a p e r f e c t g a s a b o v e 1 , 1 0 0 ° l q a n d a r e d u e to d i f f e r e n c e s
in c o m p o s i t i o n a n d p r o p e r t i e s . F i g u r e 6a s h o w s a p o s i t i v e d e v i a t i o n
for the data comparison with Refs. 6 and 7 which consider real gas
effects. T h i s d e v i a t i o n i n d i c a t e s t h a t t h e t e r m (h 1800 - h T ) 2 is
l a r g e r t h a n t h e s a m e v a l u e c a l c u l a t e d by t h i s p r o g r a m ( h 1 8 0 0 - h T ) 1
and, therefore, shows that the correction for intermolecular forces
in t h e t w o r e f e r e n c e s i s l a r g e r t h a n t h e v a l u e s u s e d in t h i s p r o g r a m .
F i g u r e 6b s h o w s t h e d a t a a s c a l c u l a t e d by t h i s p r o g r a m f o r h i g h
pressures ( a p p r o x i m a t e l y 40 a t m o s p h e r e ) to be v e r y s i m i l a r t o t h e
d a t a in R e f s . 4, 6, a n d 7. T h i s m e a n s t h a t t h e c o r r e c t i o n s f o r i n t e r -
molec'.~lar forces are approximately the same at this pressure. The
c o r r e c t i o n a g a i n b e c o m e s l e s s f o r t h i s p r o g r a m at 1 , 1 0 0 ° R .

F i g u r e s 7a a n d b c o m p a r e t h e c a l c u l a * . e d v a l u e of s p e c i f i c h e a t a t
c o n s t a n t p r e s s u r e (Cp) w i t h t h a t f r o m R e f s . 4 a n d 6. T h e f i r s t r e f e r -
ence considers air as both a real gas and a thermally perfect gas,
whereas the latter reference considers air only as a real gas. The
d e v i a t i o n s in b o t h c a s e s a r e g e n e r a l l y l e s s t h a n 0 . 2 p e r c e n t e x c e p t
f o r 40 a t m w h e r e t h e d e v i a t i o n v a r i e s f r o m - 0 . 2 t o - 0 . 4 p e r c e n t .
The fact that the de~ations are negative indicates that the calculated
v a l u e s of Cp a r e l a r g e r , a n d in t h i s c a s e , t h e l a r g e r v a l u e i s d u e t o
t h e d i f f e r e n c e in a i r c o m p o s i t i o n a n d c o n s t i t u e n t p r o p e r t i e s r a t h e r
than the corrections. This can be seen from the fact that the ther-
m a l l y p e r f e c t g a s Cp in F i g . 7a f r o m lqef. 4 h a s a n e g a t i v e d e v i a t i o n
o f t h e s a r h e a p p r o x i m a t e v a l u e a s t h e r e a l g a s Cp u p to a p r e s s u r e o f
10 a t m .

28
; AEDC-TR-76-1 5

+0.40
Z~ l~ta From Ref. 7
O " " " 6
0 " " " 4
+0.~0 el . .
m 3
• " " " 4
• " " * 8 .,
Ho~ Open Symbol| Am Real
+0.20 -- A Gas At 0.1 Arm
Closed S y m k l a Are
0 For Therml~ ~ f e c t Gas
0 OD
O
8 0
g
+O.lO --
0
A 0

X
0 0 0 o • a& •
~I ~ O0 0
t •
I- n I o
Z r'1
Iil
Ihi
-OJO~ - o &
a°A
L

-0.20 I I I J
0 500 IOOO 1500 ~kJOO

TEMPERATURE- °R

a. Low pressure (0.1 atm or as a thermally perfect gas)

+030 Zl P:585.O5 PSIA

Zl
+0.20

0 0 P : 5 8 0 15 PSIA
I s_ +0.10 --
O
Ll
Q
x o ~ o CI ,n P x 5 8 7 8 4 PSIA

O0

~n
0
C¢ 0
W -O.IO - O
L
I I I I
:300 500 I000 15OO 2000

TEMPERATURE-°R

b. High pressure
Figure 6. Percent deviation in enthalp~f of air as calculated by this program
and compared with several sets of data in common use.

29
AEDC-TR-76-15

0.8
Pressure
0 40 Atmospltlr|s
0 I0 "
06 Q I "
0 0.1 "
~' Thin'moll), Perfect Gem

04

Z
O_ O
o
02

[]
O0
MJ 0 0 aO ~ ~ C~
O.
0
-0 20
0
0 0 0 0
0
O
- 0.4 I I I I
3O0 500 IOOO 1500 2000
TEMPERATURE - *R

a. Data compared with that from Ref. 4

+0'IIQ

C
O cON)
OO DD O ~ O0
c~

O O O
_o
~uG. -02 O O
o
O
-03 PresllsJre
0 40 Atmospheres
! OI 0 "
0 [] I "
-04 - O OI "
w ¢
O
I,,-
Z i_ T= 360 °R
hi v. •Cp/Cp=-2 390
I I I
E - ° ~ o 0 I~ 500 I000 1500 2000
Id
IL

TEMPERATURE - eR

b. Data compared with that from Ref. 6

Figure 7. Percent deviation of the calculated value of Cp of air at several
pressures and compared with data from Refs. 4 and 6.

30
 A E D C-T R -76-15

A c o m p a r i s o n of t h e d e v i a t i o n a t 360°R a n d a p p r o x i m a t e l y 40 a r m
in F i g s . 7a a n d b s h o w s a l a r g e d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n t h e d a t a of R e f s . 4
a n d 6. T h i s s p r e a d i n d i c a t e s t h e d i f f e r e n c e s t h a t c a n o c c u r in v a r i o u s
data s o u r c e s at low t e m p e r a t u r e s and high p r e s s u r e s . In t h i s a r e a ,
t h e c o r r e c t i o n d a t a u s e d in t h i s c o m p u t e r m o d e l p l a c e s t h e c a l c u l a t e d
d a t a in b e t w e e n t h e s e t w o s o u r c e s an d g i v e s a d d i t i o n a l a s s u r a n c e t h a t
the correction terms are reasonable.

4.2 COMPARISON OF DATA FOR EXHAUST CALCULATIONS

4.2.1 Comparison of Data with These in the Published Literature

T h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c d a t a c a l c u l a t e d b y t h i s p o r t i o n of t h e p r o -
g r a m w e r e c o m p a r e d w i t h s i m i l a r d a t a a v a i l a b l e in t h e p u b l i s h e d
literature. T h e d a t a c o m p a r i s o n w a s m a d e w i t h e n t h a l p y s i n c e it i s a
p a r a m e t e r of m a j o r i m p o r t a n c e in t h e d a t a a n a l y s i s of t u r b i n e e n g i n e s .
T h e c o m p a r i s o n w a s p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s of p e r c e n t d e v i a t i o n a s c a l c u -
l a t e d b y E q . (28).

(h. ! . - hB) 2 - (h T - h B ) 1
Percent Deviation = x ]13fl
(hT- hB)] (28)

T h e d a t a w e r e c a l c u l a t e d in t e r m s of e n t h a l p y d i f f e r e n c e s b e -
tween the known t e m p e r a t u r e and the b a s e t e m p e r a t u r e . The base
t e m p e r a t u r e w a s 600°R w h e n d a t a f r o m R e f . 15 w e r e b e i n g c o m p a r e d
a n d 540°R w h e n d a t a f r o m R e f . 6 w e r e u s e d . To c o m p a r e t h e d a t a ,
f u e l w a s a s s u m e d CnH2 n to be c o n s i s t e n t w i t h t h e d a t a in t h e r e f e r e n c e s .
T h i s m e a n t t h a t t h e h y d r o g e n - t o - c a r b o n a t o m r a t i o (M) in s u b r o u t i n e
T H E R M O w a s s e t at 0. 1678 (2 x 1. 0 0 8 / 1 2 . 0 1 1 ) a n d t h a t t h e n u m b e r of
c a r b o n a t o m s (X-N) w a s s e t e q u a l to 1 . 0 a n d th e n u m b e r of h y d r o g e n
a t o m s (XM) w a s s e t e q u a l to 2 . 0 in s u b r o u t i n e s C H E M E Q a n d M F N O D .
A l s o in s u b r o u t i n e C H E M E Q , t h e s t o i c h i o m e t r i c r a t i o w a s d e f i n e d a s
0. 067623 in t h e e q u a t i o n f o r P H I . T h e i n p u t d a t a w e r e

]000°R <_ T < 4000°R

p = 14.696 p s i a

[ = 0.067623 Ibmfuel/lbmair

31
AEDC-TR-76-15

Figure 8 shows the percent deviation versus temperature

f r o m t h e data of R e f s . 6 a n d 16. T h e data s h o w g o o d a g r e e m e n t f r o m
2 , 0 0 0 to 2 , 8 0 0 ° R . When the d a t a f r o m R e f s . 6 a n d 16 i n c l u d e s i g n i f i -
c a n t c o r r e c t i o n s f o r c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n ( b e g i n n i n g at 2 , 8 0 0 ° R ) , t h e
d e v i a t i o n b e g i n s to i n c r e a s e . T h i s i n c r e a s e c o n t i n u e s u n t i l t h e t e m -
p e r a t u r e T = T I. T h i s i n c r e a s e in d e v i a t i o n is c a u s e d by t h i s m o d e l
n o t c o n s i d e r i n g d i s s o c i a t i o n at a l o w e r t e m p e r a t u r e (i. e. 2 , 8 0 0 ° R ) .
T h e d e v i a t i o n b e t w e e n 2 , 8 0 0 and 3 , 0 0 0 ° R ( o r t h e t e m p e r a t u r e t h a t
d i s s o c i a t i o n i s c o n s i d e r e d in t h i s p r o g r a m } b e c o m e s a c o n s t a n t b i a s
f o r t h e r e s t of t h e d a t a at h i g h e r t e m p e r a t u r e s . T h e p r e s e n c e of t h i s
b i a s i s e v i d e n t f r o m Eq. (25) w h e r e t h e e n t h a l p y at a h i g h t e m p e r a t u r e
( a b o v e T I) i s t h e s u m of t h e e n t h a l p y at t h e t e m p e r a t u r e TI p l u s t h e
d i f f e r e n c e in e n t h a l p y b e t w e e n T a n d T I. T h i s is a l s o b o r n out in
F i g . 8 w h e r e the d e v i a t i o n i s s h o w n to be e s s e n t i a l l y c o n s t a n t a f t e r
r e a c h i n g t h e t e m p e r a t u r e TI ( w h i c h is 3 , 0 0 0 ° R f o r t h e s e data}. A
s e c o n d data c o m p a r i s o n i s s h o w n in F i g . 9 f o r t h e s a m e fuel c o m p o -
s i t i o n a n d p r e s s u r e , but t h e f u e l - t o - a i r r a t i o is now 0. 033812. T h e
a g r e e m e n t w i t h t h e d a t a f r o m Ref. 17 is good, a g a i n s h o w i n g t h e
c h a r a c t e r i s t i c i n c r e a s e in d e v i a t i o n up to 3 , 0 0 0 ° R a n d t h e n b e c o m i n g

0
o 04

03-

z"
o_ 02 -

CnH2n
~J
a P=I4 696 PSIA
I- f / A - 0.06?623
z 01 -- O k f 6,hT " h 5 4 0
0 Ref 16,h.r-h600
K
eL
oa | I , I I
2000 2500 3000 3500 4000

TEMPERATURE-°R

Figure 8. Percent deviation of the enthalpy of turbine exhaust gas as calculated

by the method of this report and Refs. 6 and 16 at a fuel-to-air
ratio of 0.067623.

e s s e n t i a l l y c o n s t a n t . T h e a g r e e m e n t with t h e d a t a f r o m Ref. 3 i s
good u n t i l t h e c o m p u t e r p r o g r a m b e g i n s to c o n s i d e r d i s s o c i a t i o n , a n d
t h e a g r e e m e n t b e c o m e s v e r y p o o r . T h e l a r g e d e v i a t i o n s with t h e d a t a
f r o m Ref. 3 a r e c a u s e d b y t h i s s o u r c e not c o n s i d e r i n g d i s s o c i a t i o n ,
a n d t h e r e f o r e , t h e e n t h a l p y d i f f e r e n c e w i l l b e s m a l l e r in E q . (28) a n d

32
i AEDC-TR-76-15

leads to a negative deviation that gets progressively larger as the

temperature increases.

+1.0

-2O

I , f I

TEMPERATURE-OR

Figure 9. Percent deviation of the anthalpy of turbine exhaust gas calculated

by the method of this report and Refs. 3 and 17 at a fuel-to-air
ratio of 0.033812.

4.2.2 A Comparison of the Enthalpy of Two Hydrocarbon Fuel

Compositions

A common hydrocarbon fuel grade in use in the gas turbine indus-

try today is JP-4. B e c a u s e it i s a m i x t u r e of p e t r o l e u m d i s t i l l a t e s ,
the chemical composition is hard to define. Generally, the average
c o m p o s i t i o n i s a r o u n d C n H 1 . 9 5 n to C n H 2 . On" T o d e t e r m i n e t h e o r d e r
of d i f f e r e n c e i n e n t h a l p y t h a t w o u l d o c c u r b e c a u s e of a c h a n g e i n
hydrogen-to-carbon a t o m r a t i o i n t h e f u e l , a s e r i e s of c a l c u l a t i o n s
were made with each composition. The required computer param-
e t e r s f o r C n H 2 . On w e r e n o t e d e a r l i e r , a n d t h o s e f o r t h e c o m p o s i t i o n
C h i l l . 95n a r e

m = 0.1636 (in subroutine THEBMO)

XN = 1.0 (in subroutines CHEMEQ and MFNOD)
XM = 1.95 (in subroutines CHEMEQ and MFNOD)
Stoichiometric ratio = 0.06795 (in subroutine CHEMEQ)

33
AE DC-TR-76-15

"The c a l c u l a t i o n s w e r e m a d e a t tw o p r e s s u r e s 14. 696 a n d 1. 4696

p s i a a nd at t he s t o i c h i o m e t r i c f u e l - t o - a i r r a t i o . T h e r e s u l t s a r e p r e -
s e n t e d in F i g . 10. T h e d a t a s h o w t h e d e v i a t i o n to be a p p r o x i m a t e l y
c o n s t a n t at 0 . 1 2 p e r c e n t . T h e r e i s a s l i g h t a d d i t i o n a l d e v i a t i o n
c a u s e d by t h e c h a n g e in p r e s s u r e f r o m 14. 696 to 1. 4696 p s i a w h e n
t h e e f f e c t s of d i s s o c i a t i o n a r e i n c l u d e d , but t h i s c h a n g e i s s m a l l
w h e n c o r o l l a t e d w i t h t h e d e v i a t i o n c a u s e d by t h e f u e l c o m p o s i t i o n .

02 --
0
O P=I4 696 PSIA
$ [3 P=I 4696 PSIA
Fuel law = O 067623 (CHz)
Fuel/Air = O 0 6 7 9 5 (OH! 95)

I -
Z
mlm
m

,Iz

I I I
IO00 200C 3000 4000

TEMPERATURE-eR

Figure 10. Percent deviation of the enthalpy as a function of temperature

using a fuel composition of CH2 and CH1.95.

4.2.3 Effect of the Thermodynamic Model on the

Calculation of Turbine Afterburner Efficiency

In r e c e n t y e a r s , t h e r e h a s b e e n s o m e v a r i a t i o n in t h e c h e m i c a l
m o d e l u s e d to d e t e r m i n e t u r b i n e e n g i n e p e r f o r m a n c e f o r t h e c a s e of
l o w e f f i c i e n c i e s in a f t e r b u r n e r t e s t s . A c o m p a r i s o n w a s m a d e to d e -
t e r m i n e if o t h e r s u g g e s t e d m o d e l s m a d e a s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e in t h e
calculated afterburner efficiencies. Accordingly, four models were
i n v e s t i g a t e d as follows:

. No e f f e c t s of c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n , but w i t h p r e -
s c r i b e d p r o p o r t i o n s of CO,
. No e f f e c t s of c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n but w i t h p r e -
s c r i b e d q u a n t i t i e s of u n b u r n e d f u e l ( a s s u m e d to be
CH 2) in t he e x h a u s t g a s ,

34
 AEDC-TR-76-15

3. C o m p l e t e c h e m i c a l e q u i l i b r i u m , and
. C o m p l e t e c h e m i c a l e q u i l i b r i u m , but with p r e s c r i b e d
q u a n t i t i e s of u n b u r n e d fuel in the e x h a u s t .

T h e m e t h o d of c o m p a r i n g t h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c m o d e l s u s e d by
D r . I . T . O s g e r b y f o r t h i s s t u d y a n d t h e d a t a a r e d i s c u s s e d in A p p e n d i x A.
T h e r e s u l t s i n d i c a t e d that t h e c h e m i c a l m o d e l c o n s i d e r e d h a d an i n s i g n i f i -
cant e f f e c t on c a l c u l a t e d a f t e r b u r n e r e f f i c i e n c y . In a d d i t i o n , t h e data a l s o
s h o w e d t h a t t h e c a l c u l a t e d a f t e r b u r n e r e f f i c i e n c y w a s not s i g n i f i c a n t l y
a l t e r e d b y c o n s i d e r i n g c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n in t h e e x h a u s t g a s s t r e a m a s
o p p o s e d to a s s u m i n g t h a t t h e fuel i s c o m p l e t e l y c o n v e r t e d to CO 2 and
H 2 0 up to an e x h a u s t g a s t e m p e r a t u r e of 3 , 2 0 0 ° R .

4.2.4 Review of the Data for Internal Consistency

To d e t e r m i n e t h e i n t e r v a l c o n s i s t e n c y of t h e c o m p u t e r p r o g r a m , two
cross-checks were made using the thermodynamic properties, enthalpy,
e n t r o p y , and s p e c i f i c h e a t of a i r a n d e x h a u s t g a s . One c h e c k of t h e d a t a
u s e d t h e d e f i n i t i o n of Cp

a/~.r~P = Cp (29)

w h e r e t h e e n t h a l p y of a i r and e x h a u s t g a s w e r e c a l c u l a t e d o v e r a 100°R
i n t e r n a l a n d c o m p a r e d w i t h the s p e c i f i c h e a t c a l c u l a t e d at t h e a v e r a g e
t e m p e r a t u r e as shown b e l o w . .

h ( T + 100) - h T ) _
100 p cp(T + 100/2)
I00
c
P('I + 100/2) (30)

T h e c o m p a r i s o n f o r a i r a n d e x h a u s t g a s a s a f u n c t i o n of t e m p e r a t u r e i s
s h o w n in F i g . 11. T h e d a t a f o r a i r w e r e c a l c u l a t e d at 14. 696 p s i a .
F i g u r e l l a s h o w s a n a p p r o x i m a t e d e v i a t i o n of ~ 0 . 1 5 p e r c e n t o v e r t h e
t e m p e r a t u r e r a n g e f r o m 300 to 1,700°R. T h i s d e v i a t i o n c o m p a r e s
f a v o r a b l y w i t h t h e m a x i m u m e r r o r of 0 . 1 p e r c e n t a l l o w e d f o r t h e c o n -
s t i t u e n t p r o p e r t i e s . T h e d e v i a t i o n at 900°R i n d i c a t e s t h e a p p r o x i m a t e
e r r o r c a u s e d by t h e n u m e r i c a l p r o c e s s s i n c e t h e c u r v e fit of a l l t h e
c o n s t i t u e n t p r o p e r t i e s i s e x a c t at t h i s t e m p e r a t u r e . The same com-
p a r i s o n w a s m a d e f o r e x h a u s t gas at an "f" of 0. 067623 a n d 14. 696 p s i a

35
AEDC-TR-76-15

in F i g . 1 l b . T h e d e v i a t i o n v a r i e s f r o m d-0.30 to - 0 . 2 5 p e r c e n t w h i c h
is e s s e n t i a l l y t h e s a m e a s f o r t he a i r . T h e c o m p a r i s o n of t h e e x h a u s t
g a s w a s m a d e f r o m 2 , 5 0 0 to 3 , 9 0 0 ° R . T h i s t e m p e r a t u r e r a n g e c o v e r s
b o t h t h e d i s s o c i a t e d a n d n o n d i s s o c i a t e d r a n g e of c o m p o s i t i o n s .

*0.20~

*0 I0 L
P: 14 696 psla

Oo
00
~' I ~ AT I00 o j
t.. N
.o,o
o Q.
I u
:~ -o.zo

-0 30 I I I ]
3O0 500 1000 1500 2000

Temperature - • R

a. Deviation of air
P: 14 696 p s l a
Fuel : Cn H2n
0 50 -- F : 0 067623

040
o
o
cQ
c 0 30
N e
N
M. O
t,.
U.
¢L
U 0 20

0 IO

00 I
2500 3000 3500 4000

Temperature - °R

b. Deviation of exhaust gas

Figure 11. (Ah/AT)p compared with Cp as calculated by
this computer model to measure internal consistency.

36
 AE DC-TR-76-1 5

A s e c o n d c o m p a r i s o n w~s m a d e to c o m p a r e e n t h a l p y and e n t r o p y
of a i r ' and e x h a u s t g a s u s i n g t h e r e l a t i o n s h i p :

T\ar/p - OT
(31)

T h i s r e l a t i o n s h i p w a s u s e d by c a l c u l a t i n g e n t h a l p y and e n t r o p y o v e r a
100°R t e m p e r a t u r e i n t e r v a l and c a l c u l a t i n g t h e d e v i a t i o n . T h e r e s u l t s
a r e s h o w n in F i g s . 12a and b f o r a i r and e x h a u s t g a s , r e s p e c t i v e l y .

..o[ PII4 696 lili|

g
i,l'-

I'-
ooF
,,l: ii_ | <:]1'~

--II-I -I 0 I AT : I00°

-20 I I I I
300 500 I000 1500 2000

Temperature -°R

a. Deviation of air

ok o4=, / A T : I00 ° R

.,oL"~ ~ '" °" " ' °

-1 I I I I
2000 2500 3000 3500 4(100

Temperature - °R

b. Deviation of exhaust gas

Figure 12. Deviation between the function 1/T (Ah/AT)p and (~s/AT)
as a function of temperature to determine the internal
consistency of the computer program of this report.

37
AE DC-T R-76-15

T h e d e v i a t i o n f o r a i r i s a p p r o x i m a t e l y _+1 p e r c e n t , an d th e m a x i m u m
d e v i a t i o n f o r e x h a u s t g a s is a p p r o x i m a t e l y -+1.5 p e r c e n t . T h e d e v i -
a t i o n i s b e l i e v e d to b e c a u s e d by c a l c u l a t i n g a s e r i e s of c o n s t i t u e n t
p r o p e r t i e s a nd s u m m i n g t h e m r a t h e r t h a n a n y i n c o n s i s t e n c y b e t w e e n
th e d a t a f o r e n t h a l p y a n d e n t r o p y . T h i s is b a s e d on t h e c a l c u l a t e d
d e v i a t i o n s s h o w n in F i g . 12a b e t w e e n 300 a n d 900°R w h e r e th e c a l c u -
l a t e d c o n s t i t u e n t p r o p e r t i e s a r e in e s s e n t i a l l y e x a c t a g r e e m e n t w i t h
R e f s . 10 a nd I 1 , y e t t h e s u m of t h e s e p r o p e r t i e s f o r t h e a i r m i x t u r e
s h o w s a d e v i a t i o n f r o m 4 0 . 7 5 to - 1 . 1 p e r c e n t . T h e d a t a f o r th e
e x h a u s t g a s s h o w a s i m i l a r d e v i a t i o n , an d b y r e m o v i n g th e en d p o i n t s ,
the d e v i a t i o n s f o r t h e a i r a n d e x h a u s t g a s a r e s i m i l a r . T h e s i z e of
th e d e v i a t i o n s is p r o b a b l y i n h e r e n t in th e c a l c u l a t i o n p r o c e s s a n d not
a f u n c t i o n of a n y i n t e r n a l i n c o n s i s t e n c i e s in t h e b a s i c d a t a .

4.3 COMPUTER CALCULATION TIMES

One of t h e o b j e c t i v e s of t h e p r o g r a m w a s to d e v e l o p c o m p u t e r
s o f t w a r e t h a t w o u l d not r e q u i r e e x c e s s i v e c o m p u t e r t i m e . To d e t e r -
m i n e t he l e n g t h of t i m e r e q u i r e d to m a k e th e v a r i o u s c a l c u l a t i o n s , a
t i m e c h e c k w a s i n c o r p o r a t e d in the p r o g r a m . T h e t i m e r e q u i r e d to
m a k e t he c a l c u l a t i o n s ( T, P , and f k n o w n w i t h h, s, an d Cp to be c a l c u -
lated} a r e l i s t e d b e l o w :

Constituents Time, sec

Air (with i n t e r m o l e c u l a r corrections 0.009

Exhaust gas
nondissociated O. 003
di s s o c i a t e d 0.028

T h e s e c a l c u l a t i o n s w e r e d e t e r m i n e d u s i n g an IBM 370 / 155 c o m p u t e r .

5.0 CONCLUSIONS

A c o m p u t e r m o d e l w a s d e v e l o p e d to c a l c u l a t e t h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c
p r o p e r t i e s of a i r (300°R < T _< 1800°R, 0 . 0 0 7 a t m _< p < 4 0 . 8 a t m ,
an d t h e e x h a u s t g a s (600°R_< T _< 4000°R, 0 . 0 0 7 a t m < p _< 4 0 . 8 a t m ,
0 _< f / f s t o i c h i o m e t r i c -< I . 0) of a t u r b i n e e n g i n e . T h e c o m p o s i t i o n of
the a i r w a s --

38
 AEDC-TR-76-15

Constituent Mole Fraction

N2 0.78084
02 0.209476
A 0.00934
CO2 0.0003194
Ne 0.0000246

a n d t h e f u e l c o m p o s i t i o n w a s CnHxn. S e v e r a l r e a l g a s e f f e c t s w e r e
i n v e s t i g a t e d , and a c o r r e c t i o n for i n t e r m o l e c u l a r f o r c e s was applied
to t h e c o n s t i t u e n t s of a i r . A c o r r e c t i o n f o r c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n
w a s a p p l i e d to t h e e x h a u s t g a s .

T h e t h e r m o d y n a m i c d a t a f o r t h e c o n s t i t u e n t s of a i r a n d e x h a u s t
g a s w e r e t a k e n f r o m t h e J A N A F t a b l e s (Ref. 10) and c u r v e f i t t e d f o r
u s e in the c o m p u t e r m o d e l . T h e d a t a a s c a l c u l a t e d f o r u s e in t h e
m o d e l h a d a m a x i m u m e r r o r of 0 . 1 p e r c e n t (2 s t a n d a r d d e v i a t i o n s )
when c o m p a r e d with the JANAF tabulations. The calculated enthalpy
d a t a f o r a i r w e r e c o m p a r e d at 0 . 1 a n d 40 a t m w i t h NBS d a t a (Ref. 4).
The m a x i m u m deviations e x p r e s s e d as

(hT-hlS00O)NB S - (h T - hls00o).~lode I
x 100
(h T - hl800)Mode ]
.,w

w e r e a p p r o x i m a t e l y - 0 . 0 8 and -0.10 p e r c e n t , r e s p e c t i v e l y . The

c a l c u l a t e d e n t h a l p y f o r a t u r b i n e e x h a u s t g a s ( C n H x n / A i r s y s t e m at
14. 696 p s i a and a f u e l - t o - a i r r a t i o of 0. 0676) w a s c o m p a r e d w i t h
s i m i l a r d a t a f r o m t h e A G A R D t a b l e s (Ref. 6). T h e m a x i m u m d e v i -
a t i o n ( e x p r e s s e d in a s i m i l a r m a n n e r to a i r ) w a s 0 . 4 p e r c e n t .

A s e t of c a l c u l a t i o n s w a s p e r f o r m e d to s e e if t h e l o w e f f i c i e n c i e s
f r e q u e n t l y e x p e r i e n c e d d u r i n g a f t e r b u r n e r t e s t i n g c o u l d b e t r a c e d to
the c h e m i c a l m o d e l employed. The data showed that, for all m o d e l s
c o n s i d e r e d , the calculated e f f i c i e n c i e s w e r e e s s e n t i a l l y the s a m e .

Calculation t i m e s w e r e d e t e r m i n e d for d i f f e r e n t type data.

Typical t i m e s for a known T and P a r e l i s t e d below:

39
 AEDC-TR-76-15

Constituents T i m e , sec

A i r (with i n t e r m o l e c u l a r c o r r e c t i o n s ) 0.009
E x h a u s t gas
nondissociated 0.003
dissociated 0.028

T h e s e c a l c u l a t i o n s w e r e d e t e r m i n e d u s i n g an IBM 370/155 c o m p u t e r .

REFERENCES

1. P i e p e r , J. L. " I C R P G L i q u i d - P r o p e l l a n t T h r u s t C h a m b e r
P e r f o r m a n c e E v a l u a t i o n Manual. " CPIA No. 178,
S e p t e m b e r 1968.
2. E d m u n d s , E. W. "Some A i r and Gas P r o p e r t y E q u a t i o n s
Developed f o r Use in TF39 T u r b o j e t Engine C y c l e A n a l y s i s . "
A E D C - T R - 6 8 - 1 6 6 (AD838487), August 1968.
3. Keenan, J o s e p h H . , and Kaye, J o s e p h . Gas T a b l e s . John Wiley
and Sons, I n c . , i 9 4 8 .
. H i l s e n r a t h , J o s e p h , et al. T a b l e s of T h e r m a l P r o p e r t i e s of G a s e s .
N a t i o n a l B u r e a u of S t a n d a r d s C i r c u l a r 564, N o v e m b e r 1, 1955.
. T o u l o u k i a n , U. S. and Makita, T a d a s h i . T h e ~ m o p h y s i c a l P r o p e r -
t i e s of M a t t e r . Vol. 6. I F I / P l e n u m , New York - Washington,
1970.
6. B a n e s , B . , M c I n t y r e , R. W . , and S i m s , J. A. " P r o p e r t i e s of
A i r and C o m b u s t i o n P r o d u c t s with K e r o s i n e and H y d r o g e n
F u e l s . " B r i s t o l Siddeley E n g i n e s L i m i t e d , 1967.
7. B r a h i n s k y , H e r b e r t S. and Neal, C h a r l e s A. " T a b l e s of
E q u i l i b r i u m T h e r m o d y n a m i c P r o p e r t i e s of A i r . "
A E D C - T R - 6 9 - 8 9 (AD686409), A p r i l 1'969.
8. B r o w n e , W. G. and W a r l i c k , D. L. " P r o p e r t i e s of C o m b u s t i o n
G a s e s System: H 2 - A i r . " G e n e r a l E l e c t r i c Company,
S e p t e m b e r 1964.
9. U.S. S t a n d a r d A t m o s p h e r e , 1962. S u p e r i n t e n d e n t of D o c u m e n t s ,
U. S. G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g Office, Washington, D. C.
10. Stull, D. R. and P r o p h e t , H. JANAF T h e r m o c h e m i c a l T a b l e s .
Second Edition. NSRDS-NBS37, U. S. G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g
Office, June 1971.

40
 AE DC-TR -76-I 5

11. M c B r i d e , Bonnie J . , et al. " T h e r m o d y n a m i c P r o p e r t i e s to

6000°K f o r 210 S u b s t a n c e s Involving the F i r s t 18 E l e m e n t s . "
NASA S P - 3 0 0 1 , 1963.
12. Din, F. T h e r m o d y n a m i c Functions of G a s e s . Vol. 2. Butter-
w o r t h s Scientific P u b l i c a t i o n s , London, 1961.
13. Stull, D. R. and Sinke, G. C. T h e r m o d y n a m i c P r o p e r t i e s of
the E l e m e n t s . A m e r i c a n C h e m i c a l Society, 1956.
14. O s g e r b y , I. T. " V i b r a t i o n a l N o n e q u i l i b r i u m in a High
T e m p e r a t u r e T u r b o j e t Engine. " J o u r n a l of A i r c r a f t ,
Vol. 11, May 1974, pp. 302-303.
15. B o s n j a k o v i e , F . , and B l a c h s h e a r , P. L . , J r . T e c h n i c a l
T h e r m o d y n a m i c s . Holt, R i n e h a r t and Winston, I n c . ,
New Y o r k , 1965.
16. G e n e r a l E l e c t r i c Company. P r o p e r t i e s of Combustion Gas.
Vols. 1 and 2, Cinqinnati, Ohio, 1955.
17. Pinkel, B e n j a m i n and T u r n e r , L. R i c h a r d . " T h e r m o d y n a . m i c
Data f o r the Computation of the P e r f o r m a n c e of E x h a u s t -
Gas T u r b i n e s . " ARR No. 4B25, O c t o b e r 1945.
18. O s g e r b y , I. T. and Rhodes, R. P. "An Efficient N u m e r i c a l
Method f o r the C a l c u l a t i o n of C h e m i c a l E q u i l i b r i u m in the
I I / C / O / N / A S y s t e m . " A E D C - T R - 7 1 - 2 5 6 (AD741825),
A p r i l 1972.
19. Gordon, Sanford and M c B r i d e , Bonnie J. " C o m p u t e r P r o g r a m
f o r C a l c u l a t i o n of C o m p l e x C o m p o s i t i o n s , Rocket P e r f o r m -
ance, Incident and R e f l e c t e d Shocks, and C h a p m a n - J o u g u e t
Detonations. " NASA S P - 2 7 3 , 1971.
20. A k i m a , K i r o s h i . "A New ~Method of I n t e r p o l a t i o n and Smooth
C u r v e Fitting B a s e d on L o c a l P r o c e d u r e s . " J o u r n a l of the
A s s o c i a t i o n of Computing Machiner~ r, Vol. 17, No. 4,
O c t o b e r 1970, pp. 589-602.
21. H i r s e h f e l d e r , J o s e p h O . , et al. M o l e c u l a r T h e o r y of G a s e s
and L i q u i d s . John Wiley & Sons, I n c . , New Y o r k , 1954.
22. S e n g e r s , J. M. H. L e v e l t , et al. " P r e s s u r e - V o l u m e -
T e m p e r a t u r e R e l a t i o n s h i p of G a s e s V i r i a l C o e f f i c i e n t s . "
A E D C - T R - 7 1 - 3 9 (AD719749), M a r c h 1971.
23. H a n s e n , C. F r e d e r i c k . " A p p r o x i m a t i o n s f o r the T h e r m o d y n a m i c s
and T r a n s p o r t P r o p e r t i e s of H i g h - T e m p e r a t u r e A i r . "
NASA T e c h n i c a l R e p o r t , T R - R - 5 0 , 1959.

41
AE D C - T R - 7 6 - 1 5

24. M a s c i t t i , Vincent R. "A S i m p l i f i e d E q u i l i b r i u m H y d r o c a r b o n -

A i r C o m b u s t i o n Gas Model f o r Use in A i r - B r e a t h i n g E n g i n e
C y c l e C o m p u t e r P r o g r a m s . " NASA TND-4747, S e p t e m b e r
1968.
25. T u r n e r , L. R i c h a r d and L o r d , A l b e r t M. " T h e r m o d y n a m i c
C h a r t s f o r the C o m p u t a t i o n of C o m b u s t i o n and M i x t u r e
T e m p e r a t u r e s at C o n s t a n t P r e s s u r e . " NACA TN-1086,
June 1946.
26. L a z a l i e r , G. R. and G e a r h e a r t , J. W. " M e a s u r e m e n t of
P o l l u t a n t E m i s s i o n f r o m an A f t e r b u r n i n g T u r b o j e t at
Ground L e v e l P a r t I P a r t i c u l a t e E m i s s i o n s . " A E D C - T R - 7 2 - 6 4
(AD744048), June 1972 and " P a r t II G a s e o u s E m i s s i o n s . "
A E D C - T R - 7 2 - 7 0 (AD747773), August 1972.
27. Neely, J. and Davidson, D. L. " E m i s s i o n L e v e l of the Y J 9 3 - G E - 3
E n g i n e , an S S T - L i k e E n g i n e . " 2nd C o n f e r e n c e on C l i m a t i c
Impact Assessment Program, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
1972.
28. Davidson, D. L. and D o m a l , A. F. " E m i s s i o n M e a s u r e m e n t s
of a GE-YJ93 T u r b o j e t Engine. " A E D C - T R - 7 3 - 1 3 2
(AD766648), S e p t e m b e r 1973.
29. G e r m a n , R. C . , High, M. D . , and Robinson, C. E. " M e a s u r e -
m e n t of E x h a u s t E m i s s i o n s f r o m a J 8 5 - G E - 5 B E n g i n e at
Simulated High-Altitude, Supersonic F r e e - S t r e a m Flight
C o n d i t i o n s . " A E D C - T R - 7 3 - 1 0 3 (AD764717), J u l y 1973.

42
 AEDC-TR-76-15

TaMe 1. Air Composition from Ref. 9

Constituent Gas Content* I p e r c e n t by volume

1. N i t r o g e n (N2) 78.084

2. Oxygen (02 ) 20.9476

3. Argon (Ar) 0.934

4. Carbon d i o x i d e (CO2) 0.0314

5. Neon (Ne) 0.001818

6. Helium (He) 0.000524

7. Krypton (Kr) 0.000114

8. Xenon (Xe) 0.0000087

9. Hyrdogen (H2) 0.00005

10. Methane (CH4) 0.0002

11. N i t r o u s oxide (N20) 0.00005

12. Ozone (03 ) Summer: 0 to 0.000007

Winter: 0 to 0.000002

13. S u l f u r d i o x i d e (S02) 0 to 0.0001

14. N i t r o g e n d i o x i d e (NO2) 0 to 0.000002

15. Ammonia (NH3) ' 0 to trace

16. Carbon monoxide (CO) 0 to trace

17. I o d i n e (12 ) 0 to 0.000001

*Numbers i through 11 are included in model;

numbers 12 through 17 are assumed to be zero.

43
 AE D C - T R - 7 6 - 1 5

Table 2. Equations for the Thermodynamic Properties of the Constituents of Air

1. J~Zuat.,tona f o r S e n s i b l e ~ U ~ l p y (BSL'U/~Ie)
1. T e m p e r a t u r e Range 900e-1800eR

E2 , H ~ 2 7 2 . 5 7 8 7 2 + 6.2849888T + 4 . 2 4 6 0 6 6 2 X 10"4T 2

O2, H - - 4 9 . 9 2 5 3 1 2 1 + 6.8005811T + 4.6097941X 10"4T 2

A , H " 0.19368 + 4.9682152T

CO2 , H s -291.6316413 + 6.5377190T + 28.320107 X 10"4T 2 - 0.3858033 Z 10-6T 3

No. E - 0.19368 + 4.9682152T

2. Equations for Entropy (less - RLnpL term), (BTU/Ibm-molep °R)

Temperature Range 900-1800"R

N 2, S = 39.251394 ÷ 0.0155587T-0.5615997 X 10"5T 2 + 0.933764 X 10-9T 3

02 , S = 42.269726 + 1.5~70590 X I0-2T-0.5390427 X 10-5T 2 + 0.0573795 X 10-9T 3

A , S = 31.5883510 + 1.2918283 X 1 0 - 2 T - 5 . 3 9 2 1 0 8 9 X 10-6T 2 + 0.9663917 X 10" T 3

CO2, S = 41.78458 + 2.0871316 X 1 0 - 2 T - 0 . 6 3 4 7 1 2 5 X 10-5T 2 • 0.9526361 X 10-9T 3

Ne, S = 29.5537807 ÷ 1.2917042 X 1 0 - 2 T - 5 . 3 9 0 7 4 1 0 - 2 T - 5 . 3 9 0 7 4 1 0 X 10-6T 2 + 0.9659557 X 10-9T 3

3. Equations for the Specific Heat at Constant ~ressure (BTU/Ibm-moleeR)

T e m p e r a t u r e Range 9000010000R

E2 , Cp s 7 . 2 3 6 6 7 8 1 0 - 1.3015396 X 10 - 3 T + 1.5759008 X 10"6T 2 - 0 . 3 7 4 6 8 5 7 X 1 0 " % 3

02 , Cp - 5.7846285 + 2 . 2 4 1 5 2 7 0 X 10- 3 T - 0 . 4 5 8 0 0 2 3 X 10"6T 2
A , Cp - 4.96815

CO2, Cp - 5 . 3 1 3 1 4 2 9 + 0 . 0 3 6 3 8 2 7 z 10 - 2 T - 0 . 3 0 8 8 9 9 9 x 10"5T 2 + 0 . 4 4 9 3 1 0 4 X 10"9T 3

a~ Cp n 4 . 9 6 8 1 5

44
 A E D C - T R -76-15

,a~';

Table 3 Equations for the Second Virial Coefficient and the Derivatives
for the Constituents of Air

1. Nitrogen (N2)
5.1364637 x 102 - 0 . 6 6 3 6 1 2 2 T - 0 . 3 5 3 4 7 8 3 • 10-3T 2
B - 1 . 0 - 1 . 7 1 5 8 2 9 9 • 10-2T - 0 . 9 2 9 6 7 9 8 • 10"~? 2
T clB . - 3 . 4 5 6 0 7 9 2 Z 102
dT 1 . 0 - 1 . 1 2 8 6 4 2 3 • 10-27 - 0 . 2 9 6 2 7 7 4 6 • 10-5T 2

T 2d2B " 6.7503388 X 102

dT 2 1 . 0 - 0 . 8 9 5 1 3 8 2 X 10-zT - 0 . 4 8 1 5 3 2 5 X 10-3T z + 1.3834608 • 10-YT ~

2. Oxygen (02)

4.2857084 X 102 - 4 . 7 6 6 7 8 1 8 X 10-1T - 1 . 5 0 5 0 4 4 7 X 10-4T 2

a - 1.0 - 1 . 4 1 2 3 0 1 0 X 1 0 - ~ T - 0 . 5 0 9 5 9 6 2 X 10-2'1.2
d,~ - 3 . 1 6 9 1 7 2 8 X 103
1 . 0 - 0 . 9 5 2 1 1 9 8 X 10-~T-0.3228332 X 1 0 - ) ? z +0.4514126 X 10-YT 3 '

T2d2B . - 3 . 3 7 9 6 9 9 8 X 101-4.9627303T + 1.0935667 X 10"2T 2

dT 2 1 . 0 - 1 . 9 6 8 6 1 6 2 X 10-2T +1.2893683 X 10"42`2

- 0 . 5 8 8 8 0 8 7 X 10-5T 3 +0.3089713 X 10-9T 4

- 0 . 2 1 0 5 1 3 6 X 10-6T 3 + 0.946670 X 10"10T 4

3. Argon (A)
3.8904656 X 102-0.870535T *0.4772262 X 10"3T 2 - 1 . 4 8 6 0 2 9 1 X 10"8T 3
B=
1 . 0 - 1 . 4 8 4 5 7 2 5 X 10-2T+1.1790085 X 10-5T 2 + 1.4973286 X 10-10T 3

T~T " - 2 . 7 5 2 4 5 3 2 X 102 + 4.4273617 X 10"27

1 . 0 - 0 . 9 4 8 5 5 1 1 X 10-2T

T 2 _ _2B
d ,, 3.9858659 X 1 0 2 - 3 . 4 2 5 1 6 7 5 Z 10"27
dT 2 1.0 + 0.6811836 X 10-2T

4. Carbon D:lLoxide (CO23

5.3152906 X 1 0 2 - 5 . 0 3 3 6 8 4 3 X 1 0 " I T +0.'/026469 X 10-4T 2
B,,
1 . 0 - 0 . 6 1 1 3 5 8 4 X 10-2T - 2 . 2 0 1 8 6 7 4 X 10"85,'2
dE(I) 5.3458176T -0.9807";59 X 10"3'1, - 7 . 8 ? 8 8 9 4 8 X 10"9T 2 18.9162693 X 1 0 " t 2 T 3
( 1 . 0 - 0 . 6 1 1 3 5 8 4 X 10-2'1'-2.2018674 X 10"8T 2

2.2 d2a(.~.~l)e 11.8074171T2-125.9326564 X 10-5T 3 - 1 . 4 4 6 2 1 1 T X 10"TT4-4T.4547667 X 1 0 " 1 3 T S - 5 0 . 1 1 5 9 3 5 6 X

dT ( 1 . 0 - 1 . 1 0 4 4 5 2 X 1 0 " ~ T - 7 . 1 3 4 0 5 0 4 0 X 10"UT23 g
10"7T 4

5. Heon Oae)
59.425695 - 0 . 2 7 1 4 4 9 8 7 T "
Bm
1 . 0 - 1 . ~ 4 6 3 4 8 X 10-2T
AB - 6 . 1 9 9 2 8 7 0 Z 101 +1.8886040 X 10"2T
1 . 0 - 1 . 7 0 1 4 8 8 9 X 10"2T -

'L'2 d2B ~ 1.5852079 X 102 - 3 . 1 3 7 8 4 9 3 X 10"2T

d'F" 1.0-1.8918656 X 10-2T

(1)Der/vatLve t a k e n from f i t t e d v a 1 ~ o f "a".

45
AEDC-TR-76-15

Table 4. Equations for the Third Virial Coefficients and the Derivatives
for the Constituents of Air

1. ~it..-'ogen (S2)
355.28210 - 4.7253632T
C ,, 1.0 - 4.7446815 X 10-3 T

T ~d e ( l ) , , - 3 0 . 3 9 6 6 2 0 X 10-1T
1.0 - 9.4893630 X 10 - 3 T + 22.5120025 X 10-6T 2
5,2 ~d2C(1)= - 2 8 . 8 4 4 4 6 3 7 X 10 - 3 T 2 + 136.8577931 X 10-6T 3
dT 2 ( 1 . 0 - 9.4893630 X 10 - 3 T + 22.5120025 X 10 - 6 T2j 2

2. Oxygen (O2)
° 4 . 2 3 4 5 7 5 8 X 103
C = 1.0 - 0.9720086 X 10-2T

~.T
C(I) 4.1194317 X 10-1T
T = 1.0 - 0.9728085 Z 10-2T

T2 d2C (2) - 4 . 0 0 7 4 1 8 5 X 10-3T 2

d-~ = 1 . 0 - 0 . 9 7 2 8 0 8 6 X 10"2T
3. Argon (A)

C = 5.987.9538 - 19.016416T • 2 . 4 3 3 6 1 4 1 Z 10"2T 2 - 1 . 0 7 8 7 8 3 4 X 10"ST 3

T dT
dC(1) = - 1 9 . 0 1 6 4 1 6 T + 486.72282 X 10 - 4 T - 3.2363502 X 10-ST 3

T2 d2C (1)
- 406.72202 x !o - 4 T 2 - 6.4727004 x lo'ST 3

4. Carbon DJ.ozLde (CO2)

C = 11517.385 - 13.38398T + 0.3190838 Z I 0 - 2 T 2

dC (I)
? a~ ,. - 1 3 . 3 8 3 9 8 T + 0.6381676 X 10"2T 2

T2 d2C ( l )
= 0.6381676 X 10-2T 2
dT 2

5. Neon (xe)

C=0.0
(1(:
T~ ..0.0

T2 d2C
d- -0.0
(1) D e r i v a t i v e t a k e n from fitted value of Co

46
 AEDC-TR-76-16

Table 5. Equations for the Thermodynamic Properties for the Constituents

of the Exhaust Gas

1. ]KiuatLons f o r S e n s i b l e E n t h a l p y (BTU/lbm-mole)
T e m p e r a t u r e Range - 9 0 0 ° - 1 8 0 0 e R
B2, [] - 272.57872 + 6.2849888T + 4.2460662 X 10-4T 2

02, [] - -49.9253121 + 6.8005911T + 4.6097941X 10-4T 2

A , [] = 0 . 1 9 3 6 8 + 4.9682152T
(02, [] - - 2 9 1 . 6 3 1 6 4 1 3 + 6.5377190T + 28.320187 X 10-4T 2 - 0.3858033 X 10-6T 3

H e , [] " 0 . 1 9 3 6 8 + 4.9682152T
H 2 0 , [] - 356.6510897 + 6.913576T + 8.1349063 X 10"4T 2

Temperature Range - 1 8 0 0 ° R - 2 7 0 0 oR

•2' [] " - 2 2 0 . 5 1 3 4 2 0 4 + 6.8101302T + 2.8505033 X 10-4T 2

02, [] - -630.6330969 + 7.3851082T + 2.599229 X 10-4T 2

& , [] - 0 . 0 6 1 5 + 4.9681418T
CO2, [] - -3294.0760689 + 11.07844T + 5.4166925 X 10-4T 2

He, H - - 0 . 0 6 1 5 + 4.9681418T

H20, fl - 152.8596437 + ?.1089372T + 7.6785528 X 10-4T 2

T e m p e r a t u r e Range - 2 7 0 0 e - 4 0 0 0 °R
N2, [] - - 1 3 0 4 . 1 5 7 6 0 7 7 + 7.6123722T + i.3657170 X 10"4T 2

02, [] - 1204.9978428 + 7.8839888T + 1.5887864 X 10"4T 2

A , H = -0.02187 + 4.9681271T
CO2, [] - - 5 5 3 7 . 3 2 8 1 3 8 9 + 12.747913T + 2.3106225 X 10"4T 2

He, [] = - 0 . 0 2 1 8 7 + 4.9681271T

H2 O , [] - 1858.4935816 + 8.5657282T + 5.0420885 X 10"4T 2

2. IKluatLons f o r Cbem£ca2 p2us S o n s L b l e [ ] n t h a l p y ( B ~ J / l i m - m o 2 e )

T e m p e r a t u r e P a n g e 1800*-2700"R
N2, H m -20.5134204 + 6.8101302T + 2.8505033 X 10"4T 2

02 , H " - 6 3 0 . 6 3 3 0 9 6 9 + 7.3851082T + 2.5992293 X 10"4T 2

A , H --0.0615 -- 4 . 9 6 8 2 1 5 2 T

CO2 , H " -175045.8247470 + 13.506027T

He, H - -0.0615 + 4.9682152T

K20, a - -102632.3476190 + 7.1088046T + 7.878847 X 10-4T 2

47
 AE DC-T R -76-15

Table 5. Continued

T e m p e r a t u r e Range - 2700e-4000eR

H2, H - - 1 3 0 4 . 1 5 7 6 0 7 7 + 7.6123722T + 1.3657170 X 10-4T 2

02 , H - - 1 2 4 0 . 9 9 7 8 4 2 8 + 7.8839888T + 1.5887864 X 10~4T 2

A , B = - 0 . 0 2 1 8 7 + 4.9681271T

CO2w E = - 1 7 7 1 7 5 . 4 0 3 8 4 7 0 + 14.294766T

Ne, H - - 0 . 0 2 1 8 7 + 4.9681271T

H20, H = -104643.9857996 + 8.5658373T + 5.0418784 X 10"4T 2

Temperature Range: 2000"-4000eR

H, H " 9.2937814 X 104 + 4.9679289T

O, H = 1.0650436 X 105 + 4.9819292T

OHe H = 1 . 7 2 4 3 8 9 1 X 104 + 6.5117725T + 2.4740577 X 10-4T 2

NOw H = 3.7810593 X 104 + 7.7703187T + 1.3914575 X 10-4T 2

CO, H - 4 . 9 9 5 0 2 5 7 X 104 + 7.4991057T + 1 . 6 3 8 4 2 5 1 X 10-4T 2

H2 , H - 4.379566 x 102 + 6.2305090T + 2.7323736 X 10-4T 2

3. Equat£ons for Entropy (less - RLnp£ t e r m ) w ( B T U / I b ~ - N o l e , eR)

T e m p e r a t u r e ]Range 900-1800eR

N2 , S = 39.251394 + 0 . 0 1 5 5 5 8 7 T - 0 . 5 6 1 5 9 9 7 X 10-ST 2 + 0 . 9 3 3 7 6 4 X 10"9T 3

0 2 , 8 - 4 2 . 2 6 9 7 2 6 + 1.5770590 X 1 0 - 2 T - 0 . 5 3 9 0 4 2 7 X 10"5T 2 + 0.8573795 X 10-9T 3

S = 31.5883510 + 1.2918283 X 10-2T-5.3921089 X 10"6T 2 + 0.9663917 X 10-9T 3

(02" 8 ~ 41.78458 + 2.0871316 X 10-2T-0.6347125 X 10"5T 2 + 0 . 9 5 2 6 3 6 1 X 10"9T 3

Net S - 29.5537807 + 1.2917042 X 1 0 - 2 T - 5 . 3 9 0 7 4 1 0 - 2 T - 5 . 3 9 0 7 4 1 0 X 10"6T 2 + 0 . 9 6 5 9 5 5 7 X 10-9T 3
'i2o, S - 37.437166 + 1.8092773 X 10"25'-0.6382909 X 1 0 - 5 ~ 2 + 1.0748317 X 10-9T 3

Temperat~e P.az'~ge - 1800e-2700eE

H2o S = 5 7 . 2 7 5 0 2 4 - 1 . 8 3 0 0 4 6 7 X 10 - 2 T + 1.7559820 X 1 0 - 5 T 2 - 0 . 5 8 1 5 8 3 2 X 1 0 - 8 T 3
02e S = 4 7 . 2 2 5 6 3 0 + 0.7577402 X 10°2T - 0.828194 X 10-6T 2

A , S - 36.4464480 -- 4.5571014 X 10-3T - 0 . 5 1 1 9 0 3 3 X 10-6T 2

( 0 2 , a - 4 7 . 5 1 8 3 9 8 _ 1.1512786 x 1 0 " 2 ~ - 1 . 2 0 6 6 6 4 3 x 10-6T 2

Ne, S = 3 4 . 4 1 1 6 3 1 2 + 4.5570565 X 10 - 3 T - 0 . 5 1 1 8 0 4 9 X 10-6T 2

H20, S - 4 3 . 2 6 1 7 0 7 + 0.8244883 X 10 - 2 T - 0 . 7 7 8 2 2 8 5 X 10-6T 2

48
 AEOC-TR-76:15

Table 5. Continued

~q~erature IUmge - 2 7 0 0 * - 4 0 0 0 e R

N 2, S - 46.8564740 + 5.0506990 X 10 - 3 T - 0.3700634 X 10-6T 2

02• S - 50.2049115 + 5.2780447 X 10 - 3 T - 0 . 3 8 5 2 7 1 9 X 10"6T 2

A , S - 38.5124276 + 3.0262745 X 10 - 3 T - 0 . 2 2 8 3 2 9 5 8 X 10"GT 2

CO2 , S - 51.5035705 + 8.44472 X 10 - 3 T - 0 . 6 1 7 0 1 1 6 X 10-672

He, S - 34.8197332 + 4.5503522 X 10 - 3 T - 0 . 6 9 0 2 7 3 3 X 1 0 - 6 1 `2 + 0 . 0 4 6 2 5 2 0 X 10-973

H20, S " 4 5 . 6 9 6 3 1 4 7 + 0.6353274 X 10 - 2 T - 0.4115987 X 10-GT 2

4. Equations for the Spec£fic Heat at Constant Pressure (BTU/lJ~-moleeR)

Temperature RAnge - 9 0 0 e - 1 8 0 0 e a
N2 , Cp - 7.23667810 - 1.3015396 X 10 - 3 T + 1 . 5 7 5 9 0 0 8 X 10"6T 2 - 0.3746857 X 10"9T 3

O2 , Cp - 5.7846285 + 2.2415270 X 10 - 3 T - 0 . 4 5 8 0 0 2 3 X 10"672

A , Cp - 4.96815
C02• Cp - 5.3131429 + 0.8363827 X 10 - 2 T - 0 . 3 0 8 8 9 9 9 X 10"5T 2 + 0.4493104 X 10-9T 3

Be, C - 4.96815
P
H20, Cp - 7 . 5 4 8 2 7 6 8 + 4.2815697 X 10 - 4 T + 0 . 7 1 5 7 7 1 7 X 10-6T 2 - 1.3495489 X 10-10T 3

Temperature Range 1 8 0 0 e - 2 7 0 0 e R

H2' Cp " 5.7766562 + 1.5061552 X 10 - 3 T - 0 . 8 8 8 8 1 1 3 X 10-6T 2 + 1.0954859 X 10-10T 3

A , Cp 4.96815.
CO2, Cp " 6 . 6 8 0 3 9 6 + 0.5990060 X 10 - 2 T - 1.7096379 X 10"6T 2 + 0.1809910 X 10"9T 3

Ne, Cp " 4 . 9 6 8 1 5
H20, cp - 7.1564387 + 0.9855705 x 10 - 3 T + 0 . 4 6 4 0 6 9 0 X 10"6T 2 - 1.0002320 X 10~10T 3

Temperature Range - 2700 e 4 0 0 0 e R

N 2" Cp - 6.5727317 + 0.9099083 X 10-37-0.9596494 X 10-?T 2

02 , C - 7.6813079 + 4.4281245 X 10-4T-1.8738208 X 10"8T 3

p
A • Cp o 4 . 9 6 8 1 5

(:02 • c p - 10.8521173 + 1.6107530 X 10-3T-1.7125528 X 10-7T 2

Ue, cp - 4.96815

H20• Cp - 5.9764766 + 2.5861179 X 10 - 3 T - 2 . 3 6 9 2 6 6 9 X 10-?T 2

49
 AEDC-TR-76-15

Table 5. Concluded

5. Equat£~ f o r t h e Gibbs F r e e Energy F-not:~Lon ( D ~ / l l x R - n o l e )

Temperature Bange - 2000eR-4000eR

H, F °,, 5.3150524 X 104 - 15.6253583 T - 0.9767035 X 10. 3 x 10"3T 2 + 0.5610564 X 10"7T 3

O, F e- 6.0670223 x 104 - 21.0518477 T - 0 . 9 7 0 2 3 2 5 X 10-3T 2 + 0.5614114 X 10"7T 3

OH, Fe,- 1.0843012 X 104 - 24.8213338T - 1.4149044 X 10-3T 2 + 0.7304718 Z 10-7T 3

NO, F e - 2.2896290 X 104 - 2 8 . 1 2 9 8 2 2 7 5 ' - 1 . 5 9 7 9 3 6 1 Z 10 - 3 T 2 + 0.0680263 X 10"2T 3

CO, F e . 2.5226419 X 104 - 2 6 . 3 6 3 4 9 2 2 T - 1 . 5 6 4 9 1 7 7 X 10- 3 5:2 + 0.8457005 X 10- 7 T 3

H2, F e - 1.4415362 Z 103 - 17.8897830T - 1.3549595 X 10-3T 2 + 0.6781319 X 10-7T 3

B 2, F e - 1.2087000 X 103 - 25.G082461'JL'-1.5325905 X 10-3T 2 + 0.8179650 X 10-7T 3

02 , F e . 1.2014893 X 103 - 27.3292772 .'1"-1.6271943 X 10-3T 2 + 0.8783605 X 10-7T 3

( 0 2 , F e - - 9 . 2 6 0 8 4 0 8 X 104 - 27.9578811 T - 2 . 5 5 0 1 8 1 6 Z 10-3T 2 + 1.3506145 X 10-7T 3

020, Fe " 5.6574736 X 104 - 25.0072600T - 1.8841089 X 10-3T 2 + 0.8839907 X 10-7T 3

50
 AEDC-TR-76-15

APPENDIX A
INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL MODEL ON AFTERBURNER
EFFICIENCY CALCULATIONS

In r e c e n t y e a r s , t h e r e h a s b e e n s o m e v a r i a t i o n s in the c h e m i c a l
m o d e l u s e d to d e t e r m i n e t u r b i n e e n g i n e p e r f o r m a n c e f o r t h e c a s e of
l o w e f f i c i e n c i e s in a f t e r b u r n e r t e s t s . A c o m p a r i s o n of s e v e r a l c h e m i -
c a l m o d e l s w a s m a d e to d e t e r m i n e t h e d i f f e r e n c e s in t h e c a l c u l a t e d
afterburner efficiency. Four models were investigated as follows:

1. No e f f e c t s of c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n , but w i t h p r e -
s c r i b e d p r o p o r t i o n s of CO,
2. No e f f e c t s of c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n , but w i t h p r e -
s c r i b e d q u a n t i t i e s of u n b u r n e d f u e l in the e x h a u s t ,
3. C o m p l e t e c h e m i c a l e q u i l i b r i u m , and
4. C o m p l e t e c h e m i c a l e q u i l i b r i u m , but w i t h p r e s c r i b e d
q u a n t i t i e s of u n b u r n e d f u e l in t h e e x h a u s t .

C a l c u l a t i o n s w e r e c a r r i e d out w i t h t h e m o d e l s m o d i f i e d to i n c l u d e
o b s e r v e d ( R e f s . 26 to 29) h i g h l e v e l s of c a r b o n m o n o x i d e (CO) a n d u n -
b u r n e d f u e l ( a s CH2 in the m o d e l ) . In t h e l i m i t , e i t h e r of t h e s e s p e c i e s
c a n r e p r e s e n t t h e e f f e c t s of l e s s t h a n i d e a l c o m b u s t i o n e f f i c i e n c y . T h e
c o m p u t e r m o d e l was b a s i c a l l y a r e a l gas Rayleigh line heat addition
m o d e l w i t h e x h a u s t c o n d i t i o n s and c o m p o s i t i o n d e f i n e d b y t h e p r o g r a m
of Ref. 18.

M o d e l (1) w a s c h o s e n to p r o v i d e t h e b a s e l i n e c a l c u l a t i o n s . T h e
c a l c u l a t e d inlet, c o n d i t i o n s f o r t h e a f t e r b u r n e r a r e l i s t e d in T a b l e A - 1 .
It w a s a s s u m e d t h a t t h e i n l e t ' f u e l / a i r r a t i o w o u l d be i n c r e a s e d to
0 . 0 6 in t h e a f t e r b u r n e r . T h e i n l e t t e m p e r a t u r e a n d p r e s s u r e w e r e
a s s u m e d to be 1 , 3 0 0 ° R and 0 . 5 a t m , r e s p e c t i v e l y , a n d t h e i n l e t NIach
n u m b e r was 0.2.

C a l c u l a t i o n s w e r e c a r r i e d out a s s u m i n g t h a t a p r e s c r i b e d p r o -
p o r t i o n of t h e t h e o r e t i c a l CO2 ( w i t h o u t CO in t h e e x h a u s t ) i s c o n v e r t e d
to CO. T h e c a l c u l a t e d n o z z l e e x h a u s t t o t a l p r e s s u r e s a n d t e m p e r a -
t u r e s t o g e t h e r w i t h t h e c o m b u s t i o n e f f i c i e n c y a r e s h o w n in T a b l e A - 2 .
The efficiency was evaluated as follows:

T/ = Oc x - hoi + fex/j[[e x _ fin)Ahf

5]
AEDC-TR-76-15

w h e r e ho d e n o t e s s e n s i b l e t o t a l e n t h a l p y , f d e n o t e s f u e l / a i r r a t i o ,
Ahf, the l o w e r h e a t i n g v a l u e of f u e l , a n d s u b s c r i p t s in a n d ex d e n o t e
a f t e r b u r n e r inlet and nozzle exhaust conditions, r e s p e c t i v e l y . The
s e n s i b l e e n t h a l p y w a s e v a l u a t e d b y s u b t r a c t i n g the s t a t i c e n t h a l p y
( s e n s i b l e p l u s c h e m i c a l ) a t 2 9 8 . 1 5 ° K f r o m the t o t a l e n t h a l p y , m i x t u r e
c o m p o s i t i o n b e i n g t h e s a m e f o r both e n t h a l p y c a l c u l a t i o n s .

H a v i n g d e t e r m i n e d t h e e x h a u s t c o n d i t i o n s f o r m o d e l (1), t h e
s e n s i b l e 6nthalpy changes and efficiency w e r e evaluated with m o d e l s
(2) t h r o u g h (4), a s s u m i n g t h e s a m e n o z z l e e x h a u s t t o t a l t e m p e r a t u r e
o b t a i n e d w i t h m o d e l (1). T h e c h e m i c a l e q u i l i b r i u m w a s m o d i f i e d to
include unburned fuel as a s p e c i e s .

The calculated a f t e r b u r n e r efficiencies for the four m o d e l s a r e

s h o w n in T a b l e A - 3 , and t h e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s of CO and u n b u r n e d f u e l
u s e d in t h e c a l c u l a t i o n s a r e s h o w n in T a b l e A - 4 . T h e e f f i c i e n c i e s in
T a b l e A - 3 s h o w no s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n c e f o r a g i v e n s e t of c o n d i t i o n s
r e g a r d l e s s of the c a l c u l a t i o n m o d e l u s e d . T h i s m e a n s t h a t the c a l c u -
l a t e d e n t h a l p i e s f o r the v a r i o u s m o d e l s a r e e s s e n t i a l l y the s a m e , a n d
t h e r e f o r e , the c h o i c e of m o d e l s i s not i m p o r t a n t o v e r t h e r a n g e of
these calculations.

T h e r a t i o of e f f i c i e n c i e s f o r t h e d i f f e r e n t m o d e l s i s so c l o s e ,
e v e n at the 3 , 2 4 6 ° R t e m p e r a t u r e , t h a t it s h o u l d be p o s s i b l e to i n c r e a s e
the b a s e t e m p e r a t u r e b e l o w w h i c h a s s u m i n g no d i s s o c i a t i o n s h o u l d be
an a d e q u a t e m o d e l . T h i s c o u l d r e s u l t in a s i g n i f i c a n t r e d u c t i o n in
data manipulation time with on-line data acquisition systems.

Table A-1. Afterburner Inlet Conditions

_ Parameter Total Copditions Static Conditions

Pressure 0.5 atm 0.4868 atm

Temperature 1300OR 1291.iOR
Specific Heat 0.267 Btu/ib°R 0.267 Btu/ibOR
Ratio of Specific Heats 1.346 1.346
Entropy 1.9625 Btu/ibOR 1.9625 Btu/ibOR
Speed of Sound 1733.3 ft/sec 1727.1 ft/sec
Mach Number 0 0.2
Density 0.01525 ib/ft 3 0.01495 ib/ft 3
Molecular Weight 28.956 ib/ib-mole 28.956 ib/ib-mole
Fuel-to-Air Ratio 0.025 ibfuel/ibai r

52
 Table A-2. Nozzle Exhaust Total Conditions with Prescribed CO Concentratiom

u | , •

C02/C02 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1
msx
T o t a l Pressure 0.4875 0.4867 0.486 0.4852 0.4845 0.4838 0.483 0.4823 0.4816 0.4809

Total Temperature 2566.6 2643.8 2720.5 2796.8 2872.7 2948.1 3023.2 3097.8 3172.1 3246.1

S p e c i f i c Heat 0.3086 0.3104 0.3122 0.3139 0.3156 0.3173 0.3188 0.3204 0.3218 0.3233

B a t i o o f S p e c i f i c Heat 1.2959 1.2926 1.2893 1.2862 1.2832 1.2803 1.2775 1.2748 1.2722 1.2696

~tropy 2.2274 2.2319 2.236 2.2397 2.2432 2.2462 2.2489 2.2512 2.2531 2.2542
t~t
Go Speed of Sound 2261.9 2291.0 2319.4 2347.0 2373.9 2400.2 2425.8 2450.8 247502 2499.1

Maeh Number 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Density 0.004591 0.004462 0.00434 0.004227 0.00412 0.004019 0.003924 0.003824 0.003748 0.003667

Molecular Weisht 28.202 28.283 28.364 28.446 28.528 28.611 28.694 28.778 28.862 28.946

Efficiency 0.639 0.679 0.719 0.759 0.799 0.839 0.879 0.919 0.959 1
i ! i

Data: Inlet sensible enthalpy h - 194.8 k u / l b

°in
Lower h e a t o f c o m b u s t i o n Ahf = 18,650 B t u / l b

CO2 - 11.724 percent m

max o
?
:o
m

Q1
AE DC-T R-76-15

Tabb A-3. Afterl~rnerEfficbncies

Po T° nl n2 & n4 q3 nl/n3 n2/n 3

ex ex

0.4875 2567 0.639 0.647 0.643 0.994 1.006

0.4867 2644 0.679 0.688 0.683 0.994 1.007
0.486 2720 0.719 0.729 0.723 0.995 1,008
0.4852 2797 0.759 0.768 0.763 0.995 1.008
0.4845 2873 0.799 0.808 0.803 0.995 1.006
0.4838 2948 0.839 0.846 0.843 0.995 1.004
0.483 3023 0.879 0.886 0.882 0.996 1.004
0.4823 3098 0.919 0.925 0.922 0.997 1.003
0.4816 3172 0.959 0.964 0.962 0.997 1.002
0.4809 3246 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Table A-4. CO md FuelIVapor Exhaust Concen~ratiom

i 2 3 4
To Z CO ppmv CO ppmv CO & Fuel
ex

2567 5.14 1.0 1.7 1.56

2644 4.58 2.3 3.4 1.38
2720 4.02 4.0 6.4 1.2
2797 3.46 10.0 11.8 1.02
2873 2.89 19.0 21.0 0.85
2948 2.32 32.0 36.1 0.68
3023 1.74 50.0 60.3 0.51
3098 1.17 82.0 97.8 0.34
3172 0.584 130.0 154.7 0.17
3246 0 239.2 239.2 0

54
 AEDC-TR-76o15

APPENDIX B
COMPUTER PROGRAM LISTINGS

55
AE D C - T R - 7 6 - 1 5

FORTRAN I v O LEVEL 21 MAIN DATE • ?S226 13/41#03

C MAIN PROGRAM
O00l REAL M,MWAIR
0002 REID(SetO)LPgNP
0003 10 FORHATCZ2,2XoI2)
0004 ITEM • 0
O00S 16 MRZTEILPo4)
0006 4 FORMAT||Hi)
0007 MRITECLPoS)
0008 S FORMATIIH ,3SHTHERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES - CHECKOUT//|20H TEHPERATUR
IE PRESSUREHEAT, VALUE FUEL/AIR ENTHALPY E N T R O P Y SPE
2CIFIC HEAT MTM CASE /)
0009 IS CONT|NUE
0010 READ(NPe20)TEMPIoPRESItHEATVIoFAIRI,HloXKON!
OOll 20 FORMATC6[IO,O)
0012 TEMP • TEMPI
0013 ZF(TEMP)SOtSO,|8
O01k 11 CONTINUE
O01S PRES • PRES]
0016 HEATV • HEATVI
0017 FAIR • FAZRI
0010 H • H!
0019 XKON : XKONI
0020 ITEM • ITEM*|
0021 CALL THERNOITEHP*PRES,HEITV,FAZR,XKOM,H,S,CP,~TMILPIIT(q)
0022 WRZTE(LP*30)TEMP,PRES,HEATV,FAZR,H,S,CP,MTHe[TEM
0023 30 FORMAT(IH +4F|2,4e2F|2,Se3X,2FI2,S,SX,Z4)
0024 45 CONTINUE
002S GO TO 15
0026 SO CONTINUE
0027 STOP
0028 END

56
 AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN IV G LEVEL 21 TNERN0 0ATE • 75224 13/41/03

OO01 SUOROUTIN[ THERNO(TNePeHVeF,XKONeHHeSS,CPPeUTqtLPeIT[M)

0002 REAL U,MWAIR
0003 CONHON/CATHY/XN2eXO21AARoXCO2eXNEeMVAIReYIJ419X(IO)ePARgPN[
0004 PA • P / 1 4 . 6 9 6
C MOLE FRACTIONS OF CONSTITU[NTS OF AIR
000S XN2 • 0 . 7 6 0 8 4
0006 X02 • 0 , 2 0 9 4 7 6
0007 XAR • 0 . 0 0 9 3 4
0008 XC02 8 0 . 0 0 0 3 1 9 4
0009 XM( • 0 . 0 0 0 0 2 4 6
C MOLECULAR HEIGHT OF CONSTZTUENTS
C I-N?,?-O2,3-AReA-CO2eSoNEe6-H20*T-NIB'oeg-ONelO-NOelI-COe|2oH?e|3eCel4-q
0010 Y(I) • 28.0134
0011 Y(21 • 3 1 . 9 9 6 8
0012 Y(3] • 39.944
0013 Y(4) s 44.00995
0014 Y(S!• 20,103
0015 YI6) • 18.016
0016 YET) • 1 . 0 0 7 9 7
OOZT Y(8! • 1600
0018 Y ( q ) • 1700074
0019 Y|lO) • 30.0008
002O Yell) • 28.01065 /
0021 VII2) • 2.016
0022 Y i | 3 ) • 12o011
0023 YOlk) • 14,00R
C MOLECULAR ~EIGMT OF AIR
0024 M~AIR • 2 ~ , 9 6 4 6
C HYORO~EN/CARSON ATOM RATIO
0025 M•0,1636
0026 R • 10987165 * 778028
0027 RA • R/HHAIR
0028 RO • IRA * ( ( F • R • M ) / ( 2 . o Y ( I 2 ) o ( | . 0 * M ) ) ) ) / ( I 0 0 * F)
0029 XHWGA~ • R/RB
O03O VTM • xMMGAS I
C CHECK tON ENTHALPY KMOMN CJSE TO CALCULATE T[MP[RATUR(
0031 |F(HHtI~002oI0000*I0001
0032 10001 T I a 3 0 0 0 . * l B 2 . e A L O G I O t P A )
OO33 NI•O
0034 Sq•0
0035 CPP•O
0036 CALL GAS(TIoPAeHIoSS,CPPoF*M+LP*ZTEM)
C EXHAUST GAS-CHECK FOR D|SSOCATION OR NON-OXSSOCATZON
0037 IF(HI-HH)IOOO2,10004oIO003
0038 10004 TR • Tl
0039 RETURN
0040 10003 CALL GASiTRoP&eHHtSSgCPPtFeMILPoITEM)
0041 RETURN
0042 10002 ICON81.0
0043 TR • 3 0 0 0 . 0
0044 CALL CHEN(OCPAeTRtFeMV.ICON.XKONeHNoSS~CRP.MT~ILPtTT(M)
0045 RETURN
C CH[CK FOR AIR OR EXHAUST GAS
0046 !000o IF(F)SI,I00,S0
0047 SO T; • 3 0 0 0 , 0 * 1 8 2 ; * ALOGI0(PA)
0048 ZF(TRoGT,TI)GO TO 09

57
AE D C - T R - 7 6 - 1 5

FORTRAN ZV G LEV(L 2l THERHO OATE • 75224 13/41t03

0049 CALL 6AS(TRiPAeHH*KSICPPoFeNILPoITEN)
OOSO RETURN
C TZ:5000,O
OOSt 59 CONTINUE
0052 ICON • l
0053 HR•O.O
0054 HG=0
0055 CALL CHENEQIPAwTReFIHVelCON,XKONIHHtSStCPPeWTqtLPoZTEN)
0056 CALL CHENEO(PAoT|tFeHVoICON,XKQNeNReSRoCPRoMTR,LPI|TEN)
0057 CALL GASIT;~PA*HG+SGoCPGeF*M,LPtZTEM)
0055 OELH : HH - HR
0059 HH 8 HG * O(LH
0060 OELCP • CPP + CPR
006t CPP : CPG * OELCP
0062 OELS : SS " SR
0063 SS • SG * DELS
0064 RETURN
C AZR EQUATXONS
0065 |00 CALL GAS(TRoPAeHHoSSoCPPtF,NeLPeZTE~)
C MTM • MNA|R
0066 R(TURM
0067 51 WRTTECLP,S2)ITEHoF
0060 52 FORNAT(IH ,|Ae2Xt6HTHERMOeZxe|§HINCORRECT ZNPUT*3Xe3HF u t F | 2 . 4 |
0069 RETURN
007O ENO

58
 AEDC-TR-?6-15

FORTRAN IV G LEVEL 21 GAS OAT[ • ? S 2 2 6 13161103

0001 SUBROUTINE GAS(TRePAgHS,SBeCPBgFeNeLPeITEH|

0002 REAL NeNWAIR
0003 OATA CTR2/O*O/
0006 CONNON/CATHY/XN2,XO2eXARoXCO29XNEeNHAZRgY(16)
gCHASCO(IO)ePARePNE
0005 DIMENSION H ( 6 ) eS(6)eCP(6IgCI(k)eC2IA)eC3(AIeHI(?2)eSI(?21eCPlI?2),
lX(6)
0006 X ( l ) • XN2
000? X(2) • XO~
0008 X(3) • KAR
0009 XCGI • XC02
0010 X(5) • XN[
0011 X(6! • 0 , 0
0012 H16•000
0013 HC•O,O
0016 IF(F,EQoOoJH5=O,O
0015 I F ( F o ( Q , O , ) G O TO 76
0016 CALL M F N O D ( x ( l J , r )
0017 IF(HB.GToIOO.O)GOTO?2
0018 | F ( H B , [ O , - I , 0 ) G O TO 72
0019 76 I F ( T R - 4 0 0 0 . O ) ? 5 1 3 0 0 * 9 9 9
0020 75 ZF(TR-300o)999e200o76
0021 76 | F ( T R - 9 0 0 , O J 2 0 0 1 3 0 0 e 3 0 0
AIR PROPERTIES 3 0 0 R o - 9 0 0 R ,
0022 200 CALL H S C P I T R e l I I e H ( I ) )
0023 CALL H S C P I T R , I , 2 , S ( I ) )
0024 C P ( I ) • 1 C ( | - 0 , 4 6 2 1 0 0 8 E - 1 2 OTR) * 10596269SE-Og|OTR -
! !,356283[-06) • TR * 6 * ! 9 8 2 1 6 3 E - 0 6 | * TR *
2 609153738
002S CALL H S C P ( T R o 2 e l t H ( 2 ) )
0026 CALL H S C P ( T R , 2 o 2 , S ( 2 ) )
0027 CALL HSCP(TR,293,CP(2))
0028 HE3) • 6 o 9 6 8 1 5 • T R
0029 S(3) • 6 * 9 6 8 1 5 • A L O G ( T R / I . S ) * 806765909
0030 ¢ P | 3 ) • 6096815
0031 CALL H S C P ( T R e 6 , I , H ( 4 ) )
0032 CALL HSCP(TReAe2,S(4))
0033 CALL HSCPKTR,6e3oCP(4))
0034 H(S) • 6 0 9 6 8 1 5 • TR
0035 S(5) • 6 , 9 6 0 1 5 • A L O G | T R / I , 8 ! • 6 , 6 6 1 7 2 2 2
0036 CP(5) n 6 . 9 6 8 1 5
003? CALL H S C P ( T R 9 5 p I , H ( 6 ) )
0038 CALL HSCP(TRoS,2,SCG))
0039 CALL HSCPfTRgSt3,CP(6))
0060 O0 6 1 8 1 , 6
0041 I F C X i I ) e L E e O o ) G O TO 5
0O62 S|I) • S ( 1 ) - 1 e 9 8 7 1 6 5 • A L O G ( X ( I ) . * PA)
0063 GO TO 6
OO64 5 S | l ) • O,
0045 6 CONTINUE
0066 GO TO 1000
AIR AND REVIS[O PROPERTIES 900R'4000R
0067 72 HCsO
006B HC•H8
0069 Vg • 2500,
0050 IF(HC)lO6;I04,300
0051 300 CALL C O E F F ( 7 , H I )

$9
AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN 1V G LEVEL 21 GAS OAT[ • 75226 13/41/03

0052 CALL C O E F F ( 8 , S I )
0053 CALL C O E F F I g , c P I )
0056 I F I T R . L E . 6 0 0 0 . 0 ) KAm68
0055 IFITR .LE. 2700,0) KA:24
0056 IF(TR.L[.IOOO.)KAsO
0057 DO 600 K • 1 , 6
0058 HIK) • 0*0
0059 SIK) • 0,0
0060 CP(K) : 0 . 0
0061 KK : 6 • ( K - I ) *KA
0062 O0 SO0 J • l o 4
0063 KKK : KK~J
0066 TX • TR • • ( J ' l )
0065 C ] ( J ! • H I ( K K K | • TX
0066 C2(J) 8 S|(KKK) • TX
006? SO0 C3CJ) 8 CPIIKKKJeTX
0068 00 30 J 8 1 . 4
0069 H(K) • H(K) • C I ( J )
0070 SfK) • S(K) * C 2 ( J |
0071 30 CP(K) • CP(K) * C 3 ( J )
0072 IF(K-I)320,31St320
00?3 3 ] 5 ZF(TR . L [ . 2?O0.O.AND. TR . G T . 1 8 0 0 . O ) S ( K ) • S(K) , 0 . 6 8 4 8 1 4 2 [ - 1 2
] • TR * o 4
0076 320 CONTINUE
0075 400 CONTINUE
00?6 DO 15 I w l . 6
0077 I F I X ( I ) . L E . O . ) G O TO ] ~
0078 S(1) • S I | ) " 1 . 9 8 7 1 6 5 • A L O G I X ( I ) • PA)
0079 GO TO 15
0080 16 SOl) • O.
0081 15 CONTINUE
0082 I000 HA • XN2• H ( I ) * X O 2 • H I 2 ) *AAR e H (3 ) * XC02 OH(4) *RN[ e H(S)
0083 HAIR • HA/MMAIR
C CALCULATION OF PROPERTIES-A[DC-TR-?5- "SECT*2.2*I
0084 AH • (HE6) " . 5 • H I 2 ) ) / Y ( 1 2 )
0085 OH • (H(T) - H ( 2 ) ) / Y ( 1 3 )
0086 Z • 1./(1.*F|
0087 H8 • Z • (HAIR * F • ( A H • M *OH) / | 1 8 * H ) }
0088 SA • . X N 2 • 8 ( 1 1 *XO2eSI2)*XAReS(3)*XCO2eS(6)*XNE • S |S )
0089 SAZR • SA/NVAZR
0090 AE • ( $ | 6 | * ,S * S l 2 ) | / Y112)
0091 8( • |5(6) - S(2))/ Y(13)
0092 SO • Z * (SAIR * FO(A(•M * 8 [ ) / (1o * H I )
0093 CPA : XN2 • C P ( I ) *XO2eCP(2)*XARoCPI3)*XCOEeCPI4) * XN[ cOP(S1
0094 CPAIR • CPA/MUAIR
0095 AC • |CP(6) • *S * ¢ P ( 2 | ) /YC12)
0096 OC sEeP(4) * C P I 2 ) ) / Y ( 1 3 1
0097 CP8 • (CPA|R * F •|ACeN * 8 C ) / ( N * I . ) ) / (1o * F)
0098 71 ZFIHC ,GT, l , E - 6 ) GO T073
0099 1o6 Z v ( r J l O 5 , 1 S O . l O S
0100 ? 3 0 E L T • (HC-HO)/CP8
OlOl IF(ABS(OELT).LE.O.OOI•TRJGOT010S
0102 CTR2 • CTR2*I,O
0103 I F ( C T R 2 . G T . 2 5 , O ) G O TO 105
0106 IFCOELT) ? O t l O S t ? O
0105 70 TRnTR*DELT

60
 AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN IV G LEVEL 21 GAS DATE • ?S224 |3/kl/03

0106 GO TO 30O
0107 69 TRmTR*DELT
0108 ~RITEI6,68)TIePAeHIG,HC,H8
oIOq 68 FORMATC~2H GAS •910(12.6)
0110 GO TO 300
0111 10S RETURN
C CALCULATION OF A|R PROPERTIES W|TH INTERMOLECULAR CORRECTION
C CALCULATION OF PROPERTIES-AEDC-TR-?S- -SECT,IoI*6
0112 150 CP8 • C P N I x P | P A t T R t C P A I R , L P e | T E N }
0113 H8 • HNIXPIPAeTReHAIReLPeITEM)
0114 $8 • SNIXP(PAtTReSAIReLPeITEM)
0115 RETURN
0116 999 VR|TE|LP,2SO)ITEN
OilT 2S0 FORNATClH 9|492Xo6NTHERNO92X,2$H TENPERATUR( OUT OF RANGE)
0110 N8 • 000
0119 58 • 0 , 0
0120 CPR • 0 , 0
0121 RETURN
0122 END

FORTRAN IV G LEVEL 21 NFNOO DATE • 7S224 13/41/03

0001 SUBROUTINE MFNOO(XeF)

C CALCULATION OF EXHAUST GAS COHPOS[TZONmTeLE.TZ,
0002 REAL NVAZReNN2tMO2eMAReRCO2eNNEeMH2OeHWFL
0003 ¢ONNON/CATHY/XN2eXO2oXARoXCO2eXNEeNMA|RqY|tA)oZ(lOJoPANePN(
DO04 DZNENS:ON X | 6 )
0005 XN • ! , 0
0006 XMzl,gS ~'"
0007 MMFL • 1 2 . 0 1 1 * XN * ! , 0 0 7 9 7 • XM
0008 FAH • F e NWAZR/NWFL
0009 MR2 • XN2/FAM
0010 NO2 • XO2/FAM " XN * X ~ / 4 ,
O01I NAR • XAN/FAM
0012 NO02 • XCO2/FAN * XN
0013 NNE • IRE/FAR
0014 MH2O • X N / 2 .
0015 TN • NN2 *NO2*MAN *NCO2 * RNE $ MR20
0016 XCI) • NNI/TM
OOlT X ( 2 ) • N02/TN
0018 X ( 3 ! • NAR/TN
0019 X ( 4 | • NCO21TM
0020 X(S) • NNE/TN
0021 X ( 6 | • NNZOITN
0022 RETURN
O023 END

61
AE DC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN [V G LEVEL 21 CNEM[O OAT[ • ?S224 13/41/03

0001 SUBPOUTZNE CH[NEO(PAgTeFgHVgICONsxKON9N,SeCPeWTNgLPeIT[M)
0002 PEAL M
0003 COMNON/CATHY/XN2oX02eXAReXC02eXNEtMWAZRey(lk)eXI|0)gPARePNL
C THZS SUBNOUT|N( X N I T I A L X Z [ 5 THE RHODES AN0 0SS[NSY [OUAT;ONS
C TO CALCULATE THE PNOPENTXES OF A DZSSOCIAT[O EXHAUST GAS
0004 XN • 100
O00S AM • 1,9S
0006 XX • 0 , 2 0 9 4 7 6 / ( X N * 0 , 2 S • XN)
C STOICHIOM(TRIC RATIO • 0 , 0 6 7 9 5 FOR CNH|e9SN
0007 PHZ • r / 0 . 0 6 7 9 S
0000 C • 2 . 0 * X02 * 2o0 * XC02
000q O • 2 . 0 * XN2
OOlO [ • XAP
O01l GaXNE
0012 A • XC02 * PH| • XX
0013 § • PHI • XX • XN
0014 |F|XKON)lfle20,I0
00IS 10 CALL F U E L H | A o 0 e P H I t x x o x q e H V e H )
0016 GO TO 66
0017 20 CONT|NU[
0010 |F(HeGToOeeANOoXKONe(QoOeJGO TO 30
00|9 CALL PROPIAtBtCeOeEeGoTePAgHISICPeMTMexePARePN(eTMtNTeZCONoLPe
SITEM)
0020 RETURN
0021 30 T I n 3 0 0 0 * * I 8 2 , o A L O G l O I P A )
0022 MI(XMOY(TI)/(XNOY(13)]
0023 CALL GASITI*PAeHIG*SSeCPPeFoNgLPeITEqJ
0024 OELN • H - HIG
0025 H|P•O.O
0026 CALL PROP(AeBeCeOeE*GeTIePAoH|PgSeCPoNTMeXePARePNEeTMeNTeICONe
|LPe|TEM)
0027 H • HIP * DELH
0028 66 I~ON•O,O
0029 Y•OoO
0030 CALL PPOPCA*9*CeO~EgGeTePAeHIS,CPeMTMeXePARpPqEeTMeNTe|CONe
ILPelTEM)
0031 RETURN
0032 END

62
 AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN IV G LEVEL 21 PROP DATE • T5224 13t41t03

0001 SUBROUTINE PROPCCAgtHYOeOXeAN2eAReANEwTToPReHoSeCPtffTNtPtPARePNEt

eTIHEeNTIIToLPIITEH)
0002 CONNON/CATHY/XNT,XO2eXAR,XCO2*XNEoHVAINeY|16|
C SPECIES ARE |-H*2"Oe3~OHtk-NOe§'COe&+H2eT'O2eSeH20o 9"c02*|0*N29
C ll-N*12-CItI'N*I2"C
C SUBROUTINEFOR DETERMINING EOUILIORIUN PARTIAL PRESSURES
C T IS TEMP. IN DOG R AND CAN §E EITHER INPUT OR OUTPUT
¢ P IS PRESS IN ATNOSPHERES AND IS AN XNPUT
C H IS THE ENTHALPY IN 8TU PER LBH AND IS EITH£R AN II~UT OR OUTPUT
C S IT THE ENTROPY IN 9TU ~ER LOH-OEG R AND IS AN OUTPUT
C CP IS THE SPECIFIC HEAT IN BTU PER LON-DEG R AND IS AN OUTPUT
C ITM IS THE MOLECULAR WT OF THE MIXTURE AND IS AN OUTPUT
C NT IS THE NO. OF ITERATIONS TO FINO PARTIAL PRESS AND IS AN OUTPUT
C IT IS A CONTROL CONSTANT FOR THE SUBROUTINE
C 1Trio H AND P AHE KNOWN AND TeCPtSe~ AND WTN ARE FOUND
C |TzIT k P ARE KNOUN - MoSoCPtUTNeAND PARTIAL PRESSURES FOUNO
0003 OXMENSION Dl13) wO213),OA(3)oOS(3)oDG13)eOTC31oOS(3)t~9(3)oOIO
•(3) oD3¢3),(|6)
0006 OI~ENSION OAR(3)eDNE(3)
O00S DIMENSION F | 1 2 ) o A i | 3 ) e A 2 | 3 ) t A 3 ( 3 | , P ( l O )
C CHANGEUNITS OF INPUTS TO 8E COMPAT&BLE WITH PROGRAM
0006 T • |S./Oe)eTT
0007 HOnH

0008 |CTaO
0009 OELTLsO.
0010 00 900 181t10
0011 300 PCI)eO,
0012 OELLm.O00I
0013 FUELg2eeCAReoS•HYD
C RATIO OF ELEMENTS
0014 RAN n AR/AN2
O01S RCN: CAR/AN2
0016 RHNaHYO/AN2
O01T RONmOX/AN2
0018 RNENsANE/AN2

0019 D(L180.
0020 DEL280,
0021 OEL3aN.
0022 IF(OX,GE.FUEL) GO TO 1
0023 WRITE(LPoOT) ITEM
0024 FUEL • Ox
002S CONTINUE
I N ; T | A L GUESS OF 02,H20~N2 PARTIAL PRESSURES
0026 XX m ,S/((,SeHYO*OX*AN2IOeS*AR)
0027 P|?)aPReXXO(OX-FUEL)
0028 P(g)i2,eCAReXXePR
0029 P(B)uHyDexxePR
0030 P(i0)8 AN2eXXePR
0031 PARm2eePfIO)eRAN
0032 PNEa2o • P(IO) • RNEN
0039 L8 7
ITERATION LOOP TO FIND PARTIAL PRESSURES
0034 IF ( P ( L ) . L E o * 0 1 | PfL)m,OI
003S O0 4 K81oSO

63
AEDC-TR-78-15

FORTRAN IV G LEVEL 21 PROP DATE • 7S224 13141103

0036 KOUNTxK
C CHECK ALL I N I T I A L PARTIAL PRESSURES FOR NEGATIVE VALUES
0037 DO 4 1 J x l , ] O
0038 4 1 Z ¥ (P(J) oLT,O,) P C J l n l e £ - S
C DONtT RECALCULATE FREE ENERGY RELATION FOR T KNOUN--|Ts!
003g IF (KoGEe2.ANDeITeEQ,]| GO TO 10
0040 IF(IToEQe0.ANOeK.EQel)TsJ670,
0041 CALL THERM(PeToHgSgCP,F,PR,PARePNEo~THeO)
0042 [(l| • 2e?18281828Soo(,50F(8)-e2SXFIT)-F(I)J
0043 [(2) • 2o7182816285**(°SoF(?JoF(2|)
0044 ((3) • 20710281R2AS * o ( , S • F ( 6 ) * e 2 S O F ( 7 ) o F ( 3 ) )
0045 [(4! • 2,718281828S "0 (,S eF(IO) * .5 • FIT) -FfA))
0046 [(5) • 2o718201628S 00 (F(9! - ,S • F|7) - r(S))
004T [(6) • " *S • F(7) - FC6))
2e7182818285 e* (FCS)
C CALCULATEPARTIAL PRESSURES OF THE ASSUMED KNOMN SPECIES
0048 10 P i l ) x SORT(PfB)/SQRTiP(7)))*((I)
0049 P(2) 8 SQRT(P(TIJO[(2)
OOSO PC3)nSQRT(P(O)eSQRT(P(7)))•((3)
OOSl P(A)xSQRTCP(IOJeP(7))•((4)
0052 KXnle/(Ie*E(S)/SQRT(P(T)))
0053 PC9)8 R C N • ( 2 o o P ( | O ) * P ( 4 } ) • X X
0054 P(S)x P(9)/SQNT(P(T))•E(S)
0055 P ( 6 ) • PCS)/SQRTCP(7))•(C6)
0056 PAN • ( 2 , • P(|O) * P | S I ) • R A N
0057 PNE• ( 2 , • P(IO) * P ( 4 ) ) • RNEN

DERIVATION OF RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWN SPEC|[S WITH RESPECT TO GUESS

0058 DO 11 [ 1 1 , 3
0059 OllI)=O.
0060 D21l)-O.
0061 O3CI)xO,
0062 Dkll)oO,
0063 DS(I)=O,
0064 D6II)xO,
006S D7(1)xO,
0066 D81I)80,
0067 09([)mO,
0068 I1 O I O ( I ) x O ,
0069 D1(1)8 -P(I)/PCT)eo2S
0070 Dl(2)x PCl}/PCG)e,S
0071 O2(I)x P(2)/P(7)**S
0072 03(1)x Pi3|/PCT)*,2S
0073 03(2)s P|3)/P(6)**S
0074 D6(1)8 P(4)/P(7)e,§
0075 D4(3)nP(4)/P(lO)eo5
0076 IF (CAR,EO,O,OI GO TO 4 k l
0077 O g l I ) x RCNoID4C|)*I2,nP(IO)*P(4))eXXe,Se[(S)/ p(T)eei.S)oXX
0078 D g ( 3 ) n RCN*XX*(2**O4(3))
ooTg OS(I)8 P(S)/P(gteDg(l).P(S)/P(7)e,5
0080 DS(3)n P l S ) / P ( 9 ) * 0 9 ( 3 )
0081 441 CONTINUE
0082 D6CIIB - P l 6 ) l P ( T l e . S
0083 D612lx PI6)/P(8)
0084 D7(|)xl,O
0085 08(2181,0
0086 010(3):1,0

64
 AE DC-T R-76-15

FORTRAN IV G LEVEL 21 PROP DATE • ?S224 15/41/03

0087 OAR(I)xRANe0411)
0088 OARt2)xO,
0089 OA~(3)xRANe|D4(3|*2,|
0090 O N ( I I ) • RNEN • 04¢!)
0091 ONE(2) • 0,0
0092 ONE(3) • RNEN • C 0 4 ( 3 ) * 21)
C
C DERIVATION OF MATRIX COEFFICIENTS
0093 0012 I • 1 , 3
0094 AlCl)• Ol(l)*03(l)*2.*D6(I)*2**08CI|'NNNO(2**010 (I|*Ddb(1))
009S A 2 C l ) • 0 2 ( I | * O 3 1 l ) * O k ( | J e O S l l ) * 2 * OOT(Ij*08(I)*2OOOoclj°RONO(2e
eeOI0Cl)eOk(I|)
0096 A3Cl)• OICl)*O2(I|*O3(1)*OXIII*OSII)*06CIIeDTII)*OSII)*09(I|*OIO!
o[I*OARII)* ONEII)
0097 12 CONTINUE
0098 SPZ • P(I)*PI3)*2eoPC6Je2eoP(SJ*RHNe(2oeP(IO)iP|4)J
0099 SP2 • P(2)*P(3)*PIk)eP(S)*2eoP|TJ*P(S)*Z* oP(ojeRONO(2*OP(10jeP(4
0))
0100 SP3 X0o
0101 O0 13 I•1110
0102 13 SP3 aSP3 *P(I)
0103 SP3nSP3oPR*PAR * PNE
C
C S0LUTION OF MATRIX
0104 OENe llll)*(Ail2)Oj3(3J-A312JoA213itoA2ll)O(&ll2) °A3(3loA3(2j°
eXl13) le13(l)O(Al(2)eX213)-A2(21eAi(3))
OlOS Dt[NeloIOEN
0106 XNI xSPiO(A3(2)*A2i3)eA2(2JOA3i3)JeSP~O(AI(2 )e&3|3)'jl|3]eA3J2])t
eSP3e(Atf3)o&212)-Al(2)oAZ(3))
0107 XN2 •SPle(A2(I)oA3i3loA3ll)e&2C3)J*SP2e(A3(I)eAl(3loA|(IJoA] I3)j*
eSP3O~-l(IJeA2C3l-A2ClJeAl(3))
0108 KN3 •SPIO(A3(lJOA2(2)-X2(I)o&3(2)J*SP20(AIil)oA3(2I'A3(IJoA|(2 ))e
oSP3oC~2(IJOAI(2JoAI(I|eA2(2))
C
C CALCULATIONOr PARTIAL PRESS CO~RECTION AND YEW GUESS[D PART PRESS
0109 DELl• xN| eDEN
0110 OEL2• xN2 eDEN
O|ll OEL3•XN3OOEN
0112 PCL)•P(L)*OELi
0113 P|B)xPCSJe0EL2
0114 PIIOIxP(10)*OEL3
C
C FIND ENTHALPY FOP ITEnSTION TO FINO TENP,
Oils ? CONTINUE
0116 IF(IT)18110*6
0117 18 CALL TMERM(PtTeH ,StCPeF,PRePARePNEewTM, i )
0118 80 CONTINUE
Oll~ IF (ICT.GT,O) GO TO 85
0120 OELT • I ( H 0 - H I / C P ) / | , S
0121 IF |O[LTeOELTL) 81.81.82
0122 82 T•TeD~LT
0123 GO TO 8S
0124 81T•T*O~LT
0125 ICT•2
0126 8S ICT,ICT-I
0127 O[LTL•DELT

60
AE DC-T R-76-15

FORTRAN IV G LEVEL 2| PROP DATE • 75224 13/41/03

0128 ]F(T*LE.3OO*)Ta300,O
o12g IF CT,GE*SO00,) TnSO00,
C
C ITERATION CONTROL--TENPeUITflIN I 0EG OR PRESS UITHIN DELL
0130 IF(ASS|HOrN) e e l e C P ) 6 * 6 . k
0131 6 IF(A8SCDELI) - i O , O I * O E L L ) ! 2 2 + 2 2 , 4
0132 22 IF |ASS(OEL2! - DELL) 2 3 + 2 3 . 4
0133 23 IF(AESCOEL3) - O E L L ) SoSo4
0134 4 CONTINUE
0135 5 CONTINUE
0136 PHOLOmPR
C WRIT[(LPt3)(P(I), [ml,lO)
C 3 FORMAT(lOFT,4)
0137 CALL THERN(PeT,HeS,CPeF~PR,PARePNE,BTN, I)
¢ VRITE(LP,3)(P(I), 181,10)
C 3 FORNATiIOFTeA|
0138 TTsTOl,8
0139 NTIKOUNT
0140 RETURN
0141 g7 FORmAT(IH 014,2XtSHPROP t2X~36H THIS CASE HAS TOO LITTLE 02 TO RU
ON )
0142 END

66
 AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN IV G LEVEL 21 THERR OATE • 75224 13/41/03

0001 SUBROUTZN(THERM(BLPgT,HeSeCPIFePRoPARgPNEeVTM,KT)
0002 COMMON/CATHY/XN2tXOZeXAR,XCO2eXNEeMHAXReY|14)
0003 DIMENSION A L P ( 1 2 ) eCX(T2)oCY(T2)oCTT(|44)eHX(|2)oSX(12)oCPXII21e
lCl(4),C2|4)eCTCT2)oF||O)oCF(4)oC3|6)
0004 DINENS[ON 5 L P ( 1 0 )
0005 [QUIVALENCE(CTTC1),CT(]))~(CTTI73)oCX(1|)
0006 DO 50 1 : 1 . 6
0007 SO ALP(1) • B L P I I )
OO08 ALP(?) • 5 L P I I U |
0009 ALP(0) • B L P | ? )
0010 ALP(O) • PAR
001! ALP(IO) • 8LP(q)
0012 A L P ( I ] ) • PN(
0013 ALP|i2) • 81P|8)
0014 O0 51 ( m i l S 2
O01S 5 1 A L P C [ ) • A L P ( ] ) / PR
0016 CPxO.O
OOlT H • 0,0
0010 S • 0o0
0019 IF(KTI4OOeIOOe200
CALCULATE F R [ ( ENERGY
0020 100 CALL COEFF(loCT)
0021 T • T * 1.8
0022 DO 201 K•1.10
0023 FCK) • 0 . 0
0024 KFu4e(K-I)
0025 DO 300 J e ] o 6
0026 KFF • KF * J
002? TX • T o e { J - ] )
0028 300 C F ( J ) u C T ( K F F ) e T X
O02q DO 3 0 ] Jm],4
0030 301F(K) • FCK) * C F ( J )
0031 201CONTXNUE
0032 FIO = F ( I O |
0033 F(]O) • F(7)
0034 F ( ? ) • FEB)
0035 F ( R ) • FIO
0036 00 01 Iml,]O
0037 81FfI) • (F(lI/T)*II,O/I,967165)
0038 TmT/I.0
0039 RETURN
CALCULATE MICHEN|CAL * SENS|BL( ENTHALPYteS,CP
0040 200 CALL COEFFI2,CT)
0061 CALL COEFF|3eCX)
0062 CALL COEFF(GeCY)
0O63 T • Tel,8
0046 O0 2 K e l o ! 2
0065 HX(K) • 0
0046 SX(KI • 0
004T CPX(K) • 0
0040 KA • 0
0040 |FCK-?12Oo21e21
OOSO 21 I F ( T ' 2 ? O O , O I 2 O I 2 O t 2 T
0051 27 KA • 24
0052 20 KK • 6 • ( K - l ) t KA
0053 00 3 J m l ; 4

67
AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN I V G LEVEL 21 THENN DATE • 78224 13/41/03

0084 KKK • KK*J

OOSS TX • T • • ( J ' l )
0056 C l ( J ) • CT(KKK) • TX
OOST CZ(J) • CX(KKK) • TX
OOSe 3 C 3 ( J ) • CY(KKK) • TK
00S9 O0 30 J o l e 4
0060 HX(K) • HK(K) • C l l J )
0061 SX|K) • SX(K) * C 2 ( J )
0062 30 CPX(K) • CPX(K) • C 3 ( J )
0063 I F I A L P ( K J o L E e O e ) G O TO !1
0064 SX(K) • SX|K) " 1*987165 • ALOO(ALP(K) • PRJ
006S GO TO 12
0066 11SX(K)-O.
0067 12 CONTINUE
0068 IF(K'6)2Se23,28
0069 23 CPXIK) • CPXIK) • O o + 3 g g I K o | 3 . • T ••400
0070 25 I F I K - T ) 3 S • 2 9 e 3 5
0071- 29 1F(T-2700•0)31,31,3S
0072 3 1 S X ( K J • SXIK) • O , 6 8 4 8 1 4 2 E - 1 2 • T 00 4 . 0
0073 3S CONTINUE
0074 H • H * ALP(K) • HX(K)
OOTS S • $ • ALP(K) • SX(K)
0076 CP • CP • ALP|K) • CPX(K)
0077 2 CONTINUE
0078 NTN • A L P ( I ) • Y | T ) • ALP(2) • Y ( 8 ) • ALP(3) • Y ( g ) * A L P | 4 ) •
I Y ( l O ) • ALP(S) • Y111) • A LP (6) • Y l ! 2 1 * ALPIT) • Y l l ) *
1 A L P | 8 ) • Y ( 2 ) • A L P | g ) • Y ( 3 ) • A L P ( I O J O Y ( 4 ) • A L P ( I t ) • YES)
I * ALP|12) • Yi6)
0079 H • H / NTN
0060 S • S/MTH
00 81 CP • CP/WTH
0082 T • T / 1•8
0083 400 CONTINUE
0084 RETURN
0085 END

FORTRAN [V G LEVEL 21 FUELH DATE • TS226 13/61/03

000 1 SUBROUTINE FUELH(A,RtPHIoXXoXReHV H)
C CALCULATES [NTHALPY OF FUEL FROM HEATING VALUED
0002 CORMON/CATHY/XN2,RO2,KAReXCO2,XNEtHMAIR,y(14JtOUHNY(12)
C FUEL ANO AIR ARE AT 836 DEGREES N
0003 TFUEL • 5 3 6 * 7
C EO, FOR CPFUEL FRON NASA'TN'3276
0004 CPFUEL • O , O 0 0 5 O ( T F U E L . ~ S g , 6 ? ) * O e 4 4
O00S HAIR • 0 1 0 8 6 8 0 § 2 2
0006 PCTF • ( Y ( 1 3 1 • A • Y ( ? l • 8 ) / 1 Y ( 1 3 ) • A • Y l ? ) • B • Y(8) • 200 •
] X02 * V ( 1 4 ) • 2 , 0 • XN2 • Y l 3 ) • XAR • Y15) • XNE)
000? VTMF • ¥ 1 1 3 ) • A • YIT) • B
0008 NF • HV * ( 9 4 0 5 4 . 0 • (A-XC02) * 57?97o9 o ( B / 2 , O ) ) • ( I o O / H T H F )
• * CPFUEL • (TPUELoS36,?)
0009 H • PCTF • HF * ( 1 . 0 " PCTF) • HAIR
0010 RETURN
0011 END

68
 AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN IV G L[VEL 21 HNIXP OAT( • ?S224 13/4~J03

0001 FUNCTION HN/XP(PAoTR, H| DeLP, I T [ m )

0002 R(AL NMAIR
0003 CONflONICATNYIANF(SJgMHAIReY|IA|
C CALCULAT[ (NTHALPY MITH PR[SSUR£
C CORR(CTION
0006 CH • 8 2 , 0 S 6
C GAS CONSTANTCATN-CM*e3)/(GN-NOL(-IOEG)K)
O00S T • TRIleB
0006 IFIT-166,)396,4 t
O00T 3 T8166,0
0006 4 OHM • 0 , 0
0009 O[LT • (CH • T / PAl / 1 0 0 0 0 o 0
0010 CTR • 0 . 0
0011 DO ?0 Z • ] , S
0012 B| • RBO(IeleTR)
0013 ¢1 • C C C I I o I e T R )
0014 8Pl • BBB¢2*I*TN}
O01S CPI • C C C ( 2 * | * T N )
¢ CALCULATION OF S P [ C I F Z ¢ V O L U M ( ( I )
0016 VIG • ¢H • T / PA * 8 | * CI
OOIT 1~ V[ • CN * T / PA • 1 1 . 0 * BI / VIG * C I / I V I G * V I O l )
0010 IFIABSIVI-VIG|oOELT)lOoISelS
0019 16 ¢TR • CTR • ! * 0
0020 VlG • Vl
0 021 IF¢CTR-2SoOJ|4116916
0022 16 V| • CH • T / PA
0023 10 CONtiNuE
002~ DH • ! , 9 8 7 1 6 S I Y I I ) *
1 TR* l 1 , 0 I Vl • 1 0 1 - 8P1) • I o O / V I • l , O / V | * ( ¢ 1 - OoS~
2CPl))
002S 20 OHM • OH • AMFCl) • OHM
0026 HMIxP • HID * OHM
0027 R[TURN
0020 END

69
AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN IV G LEVEL 21 SNIxP OAT[ • ?S226 13/41/03

0001 FUNCTION S N I X P I P A e T R o S I O t L P e | T [ N )
0002 R[AL NHAZN
0003 CONNON/CATHY/ANir(SIgMHAIRsY|14)
C CAI.CULAT[ [NTROPY MITH P R [ S S t ~ [
C CORR[CTION
0004 CS • 6200S6
C GAS CONSTANT ( A T M o C M O * 3 I / ( G N . N O L ( o ( D [ G | K )
O00S T • TR/I.O
0006 ZFIT'166.13,694
0007 3 T•166.0
0006 4 OSN • 0o0
0009 OELT • (CS • T/PA) / 1 0 0 0 0 * 0
0010 DO 20 ! • 1 . 5
0011 OI • B B B ( I e l e T R )
0012 C! • C C C ( | e l e T R I
0013 BPI • B B B I E * | g T R )
001+ CPI • CCC(2919TR)
0015 CTR • OoO
C CALCULATION OF SPECIFIC V O L U N ( | I )
0016 VIG • CS e T / PA * 85 * C |
001? 14 V! • CS • T t PA • | l e o * B! / V|G * CI / ( r i o • V I G ) |
0016 ZF(ABS(VI-VIG)oOEI.T)18,lS,15
0019 I S CTR • CTR * 1*0
0020 VIG • VZ
0021 iFCCTN-2S.O)!A,16916
0022 16 V| • CS • T / PA
0023 18 CONTINU[
002~ DS • ' 1 . 9 8 7 1 6 5 / Y ( | ) •
1 ( a P | / V Z * ( 1 o 0 / V | ) • | l e O / V [ ) 0' (
2 ( 8 2 • 8 I ) / 2*0 u C | / 2 . 0 * C P | ~ 2 * O ) )
002S 20 0SH • OSN * OS • A H F ( [ )
0026 SHIXP • SIO * OSN
002? R[TURN
00,18 END

?0
 AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN IV G LEV(L 21 CPNIXP OAT[ • 75224 13161103

0001 FUNCTION CPHIXP(PAeTNeCPIOeLPeIT(N|

C CALCULATION OF S P ( C I F I C H(AT WITH PN[SSUN[ CONR[CTION,
0002 CONHON/CATHY/ANF(SJ,NNAIRgY(14)
0003 N(AL M~AIN
0004 C! • 0 2 . 0 S 6
C GAS CONSTANT C11&TNoCNOO31/G~4-HOL[ - ( O S G I K
O00S T • TN/I.6
0006 IF(T-166.)39696
0007 3 T•!6600
0008 6 OCP • 0 0 0
0009 OELT • CO! • Y I PA ) I 1 0 0 0 0 . 0
0010 DO 20 I n l e S
0 011 6PI • 8 B B ( Z t l t T N )
0012 CPl • C C C ( 2 t I t T N J
0013 61 • BBB(191eTR)
0014 Ci • CC¢IJ.loTR)
00IS CPPZ • CCC|391oTQ)
0016 BPPl • BBO(3, IeTN)
O01T CTN • 000
C CALCULATION OF' SPECIFIC VOLUME|I)
0010 WIG • C1 * T / PA * 8 | * CI
0019 14 V| • C1 * T / PA • ( 1 * 0 * BI / WIG * C | / | V I O • WIG))
0020 IF|&BS(VI-VIO)-OELTIIOeIOeIS
0021 I S CTR • CTN * I * 0
0022 WIG • Vl
0023 IFCCTR-2S,O) I k o I 6 * I 6
0024 1~ Vl • Cl • T / PA
002S 10 CONTINUE
0026 OCP! • | - 1 . 9 6 T i 6 5 1 / Yll)
I • ( 8 P P l / V| " I . O / V I • I . O / V I • | ( 0 1 - B P l ) •
2 ( § ! - 8 P l ) - CI * CP l o OoS • C P P I ) )
0027 20 OCP • DCP * OCPl * AHF¢I)
0028 CPNIXP • ¢PIO * OCP
0029 R[TURN
0030 END

"71
AEDC-TR-76-1 S

FORTRAN I v G LEVEL 21 HSCP DATE • ?S824 13/4L•03

0001 SUBROUTINE HSCP(TX,K,KKeN)
CUAVE F I T ROUTINE FOR CONSTITUENT PR0PERTIES-300R-S00R
- AEDC -TR - 7 5 - -REF.20
0008 OIMENSION C 1 C 5 , $ 2 . 4 ) , C 2 1 S . 1 4 , 4 ) , C 3 ( 3 . ! 1 * 4 )
0003 DIMENSION XIIgS)*xB(gs)*X3(gS),Xk(DSI,XS(BS),XBCgSJ,X?(gS),KB(gS),
lXg(Ds),XlOCDS)oXllCg0)oX12CDSJ,X13(SS)eX14(90),XlS(DS),X16(37)
0004 EOUIVAL£NC[ (XI(II,CI(I)),(XBfI),CI(961),(X3(]).CI(191)).
I(X4(II,ClI806)),IXSII),ClI30|))e(X6(I).CI(k76)),(X?(I),CI|STI)),
2(XO(ID*CI(666J),(XD(IJ,CI(?61)),fX]O(i),CI(SS6)),
3(XIIII)*CtCDS|)I,IXI2Cl),C2(II)eCXI311)eC2|96)),IXI411),C2(191)),
4(X|Sll)sC3(l)J,(X16(l),C3(~))
O00S REAL INC
0006 DATA X t /
• 0069300E 00, 0 . 6 9 4 0 0 ( 0 0 , 0 . 0 * 0.18S18E 04. O.T~6OOE 0 0 ,
• 0 . 7 6 3 0 0 ( 0 0 , 0.76300E 00, 0.90000E 0 1 , 0 . | 3 7 7 7 E 04, 0 . 8 0 6 0 0 [ 0 0 ,
• 0,83300E 0 0 , 0 . 8 3 3 0 0 [ 0 0 , O.S0600E 0 3 , 0 . 1 S 0 6 0 ( 0 4 . 0 . 9 4 6 0 0 [ 00*
• 0 . 9 0 2 0 0 [ 00* 0 , 9 0 3 0 0 ( 0 0 , 0.10030E 0 4 , 0 . 1 6 3 1 2 [ 0 4 , 0 . 1 0 2 5 0 [ Or*
• 0097200( 00, 009?200£ 00* 0 . 1 S 0 0 0 [ 0 4 , 0 . 1 7 S 9 4 ( 04. O . | I O S O [ 0 1 ,
• 0 , 1 0 6 1 0 ( 01* 0 . 1 0 4 2 0 ( 0 1 , 0 . 1 9 9 6 0 [ 04, 0 . 1 6 8 8 8 ( 04, 0 . 1 1 0 4 0 ( 0 1 .
• 0 , 1 1 1 1 0 £ O l , 0 . 1 1 1 1 0 ( 01* 0.24030E 0 4 , O . 2 0 l g T E 04* 0.18640E Or9
• 0 , 1 1 8 0 0 £ 0 1 . 0 , 1 1 8 1 0 £ 019 0 . 2 9 9 0 0 [ 0 6 , 0 . 2 1 S 2 8 [ 0 4 , 0 . 1 3 4 4 0 [ 0 1 ,
• OolBS00E 01* O*12SO0[ 0 1 , 0 . 3 6 8 ? 0 [ 0 4 . 0.82864E 0 4 . 0.14230E 0 1 ,
• 0 . 1 3 1 9 0 [ 01, 0 . 1 3 2 0 0 [ O l * 0 . 3 9 0 4 0 [ 04, 0 . 2 4 2 2 7 ( 04* 0 . 1 S 0 3 0 [ 019
• 0 . 1 3 0 9 0 ( 01* 0 , 1 3 9 0 0 [ OL* 0 . 4 4 0 0 0 [ 0 4 . 0 * 8 S 6 0 0 [ 0 4 . O.|SB30E 0 1 ,
• 0 * 1 4 S 9 0 [ 01* 0 . 1 4 5 9 0 [ 02+ 0 . 4 9 7 7 0 [ 06, 0 . 2 7 0 1 0 [ 0 4 , 0 . 1 6 6 2 0 ( 0 1 ,
• 0015860( O l , 0 . ! 5 2 9 0 ( O l . 0 . 5 4 7 4 0 [ 04, 0 . 2 8 4 3 4 [ 0 4 , 0 o 1 7 4 2 0 [ 0 ] ,
• 0 , 1 5 9 8 0 E Ol* 0 o 1 5 9 9 0 [ 0 1 . 0 . 0 * 0,29079E 04* 0 . 1 8 2 2 0 [ 0 1 ,
• 0 . 1 6 6 7 0 [ 0 1 , 0 . 1 6 6 8 0 ( 01. 0*0 * 0 , 3 1 3 4 5 ( 04* 0 , 1 0 0 2 0 ( 0 1 ,
• 0 0 1 7 3 7 0 [ 0 1 , 0.1?360E 0 1 . 0 , 0 * 0 . 3 2 0 3 4 [ 04~ 0 * | 9 8 2 0 ( 0 ] ,
• 0 * 1 8 0 6 0 [ OlD 0 . 1 8 0 8 0 [ 0 1 . 0 . 0 * 0 , 3 6 3 4 3 ( 04* 0 . 2 0 0 1 0 ( O l ,
• 0 . 1 8 7 6 0 [ 01. 0 . 1 8 7 8 0 [ 01. 0*0 , 0 . 3 5 6 7 3 ( 04* 0 . 2 t 4 1 0 ( 0 ] ,
• 0 . 1 9 4 6 0 [ 019 0 . ] 9 4 8 0 [ 0 | * 0 , 0 * 0 , 3 7 4 2 4 ( 04* 0 . 2 2 2 2 0 [ O] /
0007 DATA X 2 /
• 0*20150E 0 1 , 0.20180E 01, 0 . 0 , 0o3809S[ 04, 0 . 2 3 0 2 0 [ 010
• 0o20720[ 01, 0.80750[ 01, 0.0 , 0 . 4 0 S 0 6 [ 0 4 , 0 . 2 3 6 ? 0 [ 01,
• 0 . 2 0 8 5 0 [ Ol* 0.20880E 01o 0 . 0 * 0 . 4 2 1 9 6 [ 04. 0 . 2 3 8 2 0 ( Die
• 0 . 2 1 S 4 0 [ OI* 0 . 2 1 5 8 0 [ 01p 0 , 0 ! 0*43826E 04* 0 , 2 4 6 2 0 ( 0 I e
• 0 , 2 2 2 4 0 [ 0 1 . 0 * 2 2 2 9 0 ( 0 1 . 000 m 0045476E 04e 002S430E 01o
• 0.22940E 01, 0 . 2 2 9 9 0 [ 011 0 . 0 * 0.47144E 04o 0.26230E 01o
• 0,23630E 0 1 . 0 , 2 3 7 0 0 [ 01* 000 * 0 . 4 8 6 2 9 [ 04, 0 . 2 7 0 4 0 [ 01*
• 0 o 2 4 3 3 0 [ 0 1 . 0 0 2 4 6 1 0 ( 0 1 . 000 * 0 . 5 0 5 3 2 [ 04* O.ITOSO[ 0 1 ,
• 0.25030E 0 1 , 0085120( 01, 0 . 0 * 0oS22S4[ 04* 0 . 2 8 6 6 0 ( . 0 1 ,
• 0 . 2 5 7 3 0 [ 01* 0o25R30( 019 0 . 0 * 0 . 5 3 9 9 ] [ 041 0 . 2 9 4 7 0 [ 019
• 0 . 2 6 4 2 0 [ 01. 0 , 2 6 S 5 0 [ 01* 0*0 * OoSST4S[ 04* 0 . 3 0 2 0 0 [ 01,
• 0 , 2 7 1 2 0 [ 019 0.27260E O l * 0 . 0 * O . S ? S I S [ 04* 0 . 3 1 1 0 0 [ 01,
• 0 . 2 7 0 2 0 [ 0 1 , 0.27980E 01, 0 . 0 * 0 . 5 9 3 0 0 ( 04* 0 . 3 1 9 2 0 ( 01*
• 0 . 2 0 5 2 0 [ 0 1 , 0 0 8 0 7 0 0 [ 019 0 . 0 * O * B I ] O l [ 04* O.32TkOE. O | ,
• 0 , 2 9 2 2 0 [ 01, 0 . 2 9 4 3 0 ( 01* 0 . 0 * 0 . 6 2 9 1 6 [ 04* 0 . 3 3 5 6 0 ( 01,
• 0 , 2 9 9 2 0 ( 01, 0.30150E 01. 0 . 0 , 0 , 6 6 7 4 9 [ 04, 0 , 3 4 3 B 0 ( 0 | *
• 0 , 3 0 6 2 0 [ 0 l , 0 . 3 0 8 8 0 [ 02* 0 . 0 , 0.6660T[ 06, 0,3S210( 01.
• 0 . 3 1 3 8 0 [ 0 1 , 0 . 3 1 6 1 0 [ 01. 0 . 0 , 0.686S4E 04. 0 . 3 6 0 4 0 [ 0 | ,
• 0 , 3 2 0 3 0 [ 01. 0.32340E 02, 0 . 0 , 0.70327E 04, 0 . 3 ~ 8 7 0 £ O| •
0008 DATA X 3 /
• 0.32730E 01. 0.33070E O l . 0 . 0 . 0 . 7 2 2 1 S ( 04, 0 . 3 7 7 0 0 ( 0 1 ,
• 0.33640E 01, 0 . 3 3 8 1 0 £ 02. 0 . 0 , 0 . 7 6 1 4 6 [ 04. 0 . 3 8 S 4 0 ( 0 1 ,
• 0.34140E 0 1 , 0.36550E 0 1 , 0 . 0 . 0 . 7 6 0 2 9 [ 06e 0 . 3 9 3 7 0 [ : 01t

"/2
 ' A £ DC-T R-76-15

fORTR&N IV G LEVEL 21 NSCP OAT[ • ?S226 13141103

0 * 3 4 8 S 0 [ 019 0 o 3 S 2 9 0 ( 01* 0.0 . Ol?? S*( 04• 0040210[ 01,

0 . 3 S S 6 0 [ Ol* 0 . 3 6 0 4 0 ( 01• 000 * 0o79094( 046 0.6|060[ 01o
0 , 3 6 2 6 0 [ O|o 0,36?80[ 01. 0.0 e 0•81066( 06+ 0 . 4 1 9 0 0 E 01o
0 o 3 6 9 7 0 [ 01• 0,37030[ 01. 0*0 e 0•83807E 049 0 • 6 2 7 S 0 [ , 011
0 . 3 7 6 8 0 ( 01e 0 . 3 8 2 8 0 [ Olo 0•0 , O•ISY82E 04• 0 • 6 3 6 0 0 ( O]m
0.38400( 0|. 0.39060[ 01. 0•0 * 0• 07T68E 04• O•~db6SO[, 0 1 .
0o39110( 01. 0039600[ 0)• 0•0 9 0•89766[ 04* 0 • 4 S 3 1 0 [ 019
• 0,39830E 01• O,4OSSO[ 01e 0•0 • 0,91774( 04* 0,46170[ 01•
• 0 , 4 0 5 4 0 [ OZ* 0 * 6 1 3 2 0 [ Olo 0,0 e 0093796( 041 0•47030[ 01.
• 0 . 4 1 2 6 0 [ 01• 0042080( Ol. 0•0 , 0•0 e 0•67890( 01*
• 0.0 . 000 , 0,0 * 0,0 , 0o0 ,
• 0°70000(-02. 0,66S00(-02. 0*48119[ Ol* 0. 12S66E 02* 0•80000(-02.
• 0.70000(-02o 0o70000(-02• 0•49700[ 01* 0•12606[ 02, 0.80000['02o
• 0o70000('02. 0.70000('02o 0,49700[ 01. 0•12663E 02* 0•80000['02o
• 0,69S00(-02. 0e70000('02* 0.49700[ 02• 0*22760E 02• 0•79S00[o02*
• 0069500E002. 0069500E0020 0.69?00( 01• 0,1286S( 02* 0.79S00(-02 I
0009 DITA X 4 /
• 0.69S00[-02, 0,69S00(-02, 0*49?00[ 01. 0,13003[ 029 0•00000('02*
• 0,69900[-02. 0,69500[-02. 0*49700[ 01• 0,13163( 02• 0•80000['02.
• 0,69S00[-02• 0,69500[-029 0.49700( 01. 0.13328( 02* 0.?9999£-02,
• 0.69500[-02. 0.70000[002, 0•49?00[ 01o Ool3S|9[ 02. 0,00000[-02*
• 0070000[-02* 0*70000[°02. 0•&9700( 01* 0.13716( 02* 0o00000E-02.
• 0070000[-02• 0,70000[002o 0.49700E 01• 0•139]3( 02o 0o80000[-02o
• 0069999(-02o 0069999(002• 0*49700( 01* 0•14130( 02+ 0•80000[-02*
• 0.69S00(002+ 0070000[002o 0,49700[ O)o 0•14343( 02• 0•80000[o02*
• 0069000(-02. 0.?0000(002* 0.0 • 0.14552[ 02* 0,00000('02o
• 0+69S00(-02. 0,70000['020 0*0 • 0,14779[ 02+ 0*80000(-02*
• 0069500(002* 0.70000[0020 0.0 , 0.14987( 02+ 0.80000(-02o
• 0070000[002• 0*?0000[0020 0.0 • 0•|5194E 02, O.?•SOOE-02o
• 0.70000(-020 0.?0000['02• OoO , 0,1S411[ 02, 0,80S00(-02e
• 0,70000[-02+ 0,?0001[-029 0,0 . O,)S6lO( 02. 0,80196E-02,
• 0.69909E-02* 0,69999[o02+ 0,0 e OoIS813£ 02+ 0o7969S[+02•
• 0,?0076[-02• 0,70000(-02. 0,0 . 0o16017[ 02. 0,60000[-02o
• O,699SSE-02, 0070199E-02. 000 , 0,16212£ 02. 0080464[-02.
• 0070000E002+ 0.70209('02. 000 . 0016392[ 02+ 0080519[002+
• 0•70000['02• 0.70S00('02. 0,0 . 0,16S77E 02• 0o60500['02 /
0010 DaTA X S /
• 0.69999(-02, 0.71000[-02, 0.0 • 0,|6772[ 02• 0,61000(-02+
• 0°70000(-02, 0.71000E-02, 0,0 • 0,16943[ 02.'0,61000(-02.
• 0*70000(-02o 0*71000E'02• 0.0 • 0.17|24( 02• 0•81000(-02+
• 0.70000[002. 0.70999(002• 0*0 • 0,1729§[ 02. 0e81000E-02*
• 0,70000E-02e 0.71001[-02• 0.0 , 0,|7458E 02• 0*61000[o02.
• 0,70000(-02o 0,71000(0029 0*0 + 0.17620[ 02+ 0 o 6 1 S 0 0 ( - 0 2 •
• 0.70000E-02* 0,71999(-02• 0,0 . 0,1?777[ 02+ 0 , 0 2 0 0 0 [ 0 0 2 .
• 0,70000E002. 0,72000E'02* 0o0 + 0,17932( 02. 0,87000(-02.
• 0*?0000E-02. 0.72001[+02. OoO o 0•10007( 02. 0.82000(*02.
• 0,70000[-02, 0,72000[-02. 0.0 . 0+!6219( 02• 0,62001[*02*
• 0o70000[-02. 0,73000E-02. 0.0 o 0,)6469( 029 0 . 8 2 0 0 0 ( o 0 2 .
• 0,70000E-02. 0073000E002o 0.0 e 0•16525( 02. 0o87999E-02.
• 0070001(-02• 0.73000E-020 0*0 + 0,)8081E 02• 0 * 6 3 0 0 0 ( - 0 2 .
• 0,70500E-02, 0073000E-02. 0,0 + 0,16830E 02o 0 , 8 3 0 6 0 ( ' 0 2 .
• 0•70500E-020 0,73500E-02o 0.0 • 0.)8947( 02* 0*83000(-02.
• 0,70S00(-02+ 0.?4000E-02+ 0.0 , 0,19070[ 02• 0,83S00(-02o
• 0o71000[-02. 0.7~000E002. 0.0 , 0,10191[ 02. 0o83S00(-02o
• 0,71000E-020 0,74000E-02o 0o0 . 0o19333( 02, 0084S00[002.
• 0.71000(002• 0,?4500[-02, 0,0 o 0,19447£ 02. 0,64S00[-02 /

73
AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN IV G LEV[L 21 HSCP OAT( • ?5224 13/41•03

0011 DATA x 6 /
• 0.710002-029 0 0 ? 5 0 0 0 [ - 0 2 . 000 • O.IgS61E 020 0.8S000[-020
• 0 . 7 1 0 0 0 ( - 0 2 . 007S000[-02s 000 o 0ot96972 02. 0o8S000[002,
• 0 . 7 1 0 0 0 ( 0 0 2 . 0075500[*029 000 • 0 . 1 9 8 0 8 [ 0~. 0~8S000[-0~•
• 0 . 7 1 5 0 0 ( - 0 2 . 0.760001002, 0.0 . 0019921[ 02e 0 . 8 S 0 0 0 [ - 0 2 .
• 0.71S00E002, 00760002-02. 0.0 0 0.20025['020 0.860002-02,
• O.TlSOOE-02, 0 0 7 6 0 0 0 [ - 0 2 , 000 0.201S6( 02, 0086000['020
• 0.719992-02• 0 . 7 6 0 0 0 [ ° 0 2 , 000 • 0,2026kE 02~ 0 . 8 5 9 9 9 [ - 0 2 ,
• 0.72000E-02e 0 0 7 6 0 0 0 [ - 0 2 . OoO * 0.0 * 0.86001[-020
• 0.0 . 0.0 . 0.0 • 0.0 • 0.0 .
• 0.372S3E-09+ 0 * 1 4 0 0 1 [ - 0 8 , 0030928[-0S• 0*301432-02. 0 . 3 7 2 S 3 ( - 0 9 .
• 0 * 1 1 1 7 6 [ - 0 8 , 0 . 1 8 6 + 6 [ - 0 8 , 0 . 2 8 6 1 0 [ * 0 T , 0 . 3 3 0 6 ~ [ - 0 2 • O*TkSO6[v09,
0"0.24998[-04. 0022352[-08. 0*20610[007, 0 . 7 3 2 6 8 [ ' 0 2 0 - 0 , 2 5 0 0 6 [ - 0 ~ ,
• 0 . 1 5 0 0 6 ( - 0 4 ~ - 0 . ~ 4 9 9 8 [ . 0 S , 0 . ~ 8 6 1 0 [ - 0 7 • 0.68241E-02• 0 • 1 5 0 0 4 [ o 0 6 .
*-0.15009[-0~, 0.15002(00~,-0.29998[-03, 0.80S65[o02,-0.20012[~0~,
• O.l*995EoOG,eO. l S O l g [ - 0 4 , 0 . 2 8 6 1 0 [ - 0 7 • 0.998211002. 0.25332£~87,
• 00.14991100~, 0.!S0211004, 0 o ! 9 0 7 3 ( - 0 7 , 009156~2-02, 0011176[008,
• 0.1S019E00~*o0.19988(-0+, 0 . g S 3 6 7 [ - 0 8 , 0 0 1 0 2 2 ~ [ - 0 1 9 - 0 , 2 9 9 9 1 [ . 0 A ,
• 0 0 . 2 0 0 2 1 ( 0 0 4 , 0.!1176E008. 0028610(-0T0 0 o 1 0 9 3 7 [ o 0 1 o 0 0 1 1 1 ? 6 [ ~ 0 8 ,
• 00~4S87[-07, O . I ! I T 6 [ o O S . s O . 2 9 9 9 8 [ + 0 3 . 0 0 1 0 3 3 3 ( - 0 1 , 0 . 1 1 1 7 6 [ - 0 0 •
001~ DATA X 7 /
+ 0 . I + 9 0 1 E - 0 8 . 0 0 . 1 ~ 7 3 1 [ . 0 + e 0 . ~ 8 6 | 0 £ - 0 1 , 0010--~6-1'[,,.,,01•-0.~8011+,,'IJ[.0+.
• -0.2496T[-0+. 0.1S2?4[-07. 0.19073[-07. 0.1165+[-01, 0.1)176[-08o
• 0 . 1 4 9 9 2 [ - 0 4 , 0 . 2 0 1 1 ~ ( - 0 7 , 0.0 . 0 . 1 0 0 1 0 ( + 0 1 , 0.7+S06[-00o
• "0.14991[-0+,-0•30012[-04+ 0.0 , 0.11176(-01, 0.3?2S3[-09.
• 0 o ! 4 9 9 2 [ - 0 ~ , 0.2868S£-07e 0.0 + 0.109A6[-01. 0°11176[-08,
• - 0 . 1 9 9 8 8 [ - 0 4 , 0.0 , 0.0 , 0o9316~[-02100.2498S2-04.
0.11176[-08• 0.0 . . . . +--0.0 . . . . . . . . . . , 0 . ~ i ~ 0 S [ - 0 1 • 0 . 4 0 9 8 6 £ . 0 S .
0 . 1 1 1 7 6 [ - 0 8 , 0 . 1 8 9 9 0 [ - 0 7 , 0.0 0.97370[-02. 0.10031[-049
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• O.39S30[-OS,-O.Z20SS[-OSo 000 , 0o10141[-01.-0.639392-0S,
• 0.368~2[-0A, 0.3~0S2[-0~, 0.0 , 0.9004~£-02• 0.14984(-03,
• "O*2gOS$['O~,'O.60603E-OS, 0.0 * 0.92697(-02•-0o14G722-04,
-J O*20117F-~OT~--OA~r07~3i[.O~• 0 . 8 • 8*SJl~SOO(mS|•-Oo146|O[.OA,
• 0 * 1 4 9 0 1 [ ' 0 8 • * 8 * 1 9 9 8 2 [ ' 0 4 , 0.0 , O*gTA?O[*O2,'Oo2OOOZ[b04,
000.20964[-0+, 0*111T6[-08, 0.0 , 0.86068(q02, 0.11176[-08,
• 0.111TI~'08, 0•11176['08, 0.0 o O*7S607[-OZe Oe?AS06200g,
• 0 . 7 4 8 0 6 [ - 0 9 , O 0 o 1 8 2 5 1 [ - 0 7 , 0.0 * O•gSZAS[-O2eoOeZ,OST[*07e
• 00~8312E-07, 0 . ! 0 8 0 3 [ - 0 T , 0 . 0 e 0.66378[-01e 0e372S3[-00o
t,mD..3OOl,~-O,db...-O.~~. O.8- , O.&I~OK-OI•--O.49~...OS •
0013 DATA X 8 /
• O * ~ 8 6 8 S [ - 0 7 * - O • i g g l i 3 [ - O G . 0*0 , 0.706~9(-0~. 0.099~6[-0S,
• 0.0 * O . I S ~ T * [ ' O T o 0.0 * 0.76402[-02. 0.11176[-00o
• 000 , O*l+SOI[-08, 0.0 , 0.76906[-0~, 0.11176[*08,
• O.27940E-OT, 0•~4971100+, 8*0 e 0.g6481[-0~, 0.~0A89[-07,
• 0.0 * 0 8 . ~ 8 8 1 1 [ - 0 ~ . 0 . 8 --- * O*378881[~02.-O.SO~06[.OS•
• 0 . 3 7 2 5 3 [ - 0 9 , 0 . 1 1 1 7 6 [ ' 0 8 , 0.0 * 0 . 2 7 S 1 6 [ - 0 1 . 0.1081S£-04•
• 0 . 1 0 6 3 ] ( - 0 7 * 0.7~S06[o09e 0.0 e-O•~1860i[w8|,Q8.SS88Z[P08.
• 0 * 2 4 9 ~ 3 [ - 0 4 , 0037~S3[009, 0.0 s 0.20108(-01, 0.11176[-08,
° ' O e L * 9 1 0 [ ' 0 6 o ' O * S O O l | E ' O S o OoO o Oo2?g3g(-OZ, O o L i l T t [ - O I o
• O.ISOOS[-OAo OeLO00S[-04o 0 . 0 o 0.S6031E-01, Oo2A98S[-OAo
-hC~200-~L(~06.*-O.III~_O.O . . . . . . ---,-O.ASS98£-OI,-O.|SOOOF.r~•
• 0.111764[*08*'0117940[-079 O*O o 0.S3101[-0~o O.SO0?g(oOS*
* 0.111761[-08, O . 2 6 S 8 g [ - 0 6 , 0 . 0 , O.TAgOS£-O[, O.16SS6[bOA,
*'O.]OOI|[°04*-Ool,Sl][o06, 0.0 , O*3S?~|[-O~e-Oo~O0||[eOA,
• 0e11176[-08+ O*|6gO|[*OOo 0 . 0 * 0.|3603[-01, 0.1117t[-00.

?4
 AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN I v G L[VEL 21 HSCP OAT( • 7S~2. 13/61/03

• 0o11176[-06•-0o50005(°05* OoO o O*k6STO[°02~ 0,11176('08,

• 002~986[-0k90olO00S('O~o OoO • 00SS801[°02. 0,11176[*08e
0"0o!~997['0~1 0,!1176(000o 0,0 • 0 . 5 7 6 6 3 [ e 0 2 • 0019981[-0~*
• 0,!5016[-0~,-0o30006['0~• 0.0 • 0 o ~ G 6 3 0 [ - 0 2 • OoSSB?9[n08 /
001~ DATA X 91
0-0,1Y983[o04• 0.3002K'0~* 0,0 , 0,61864[-0~0-008S66~[~08•
• 0,10~31[-0?*'0017S09('0T• 0,0 , 0.25223(°02o 0o10~31[-07•.
• -O,372S3[*OB•-O,37253(°06• 0,0 • 0,0 , 0,1~J)?S['O~•
• OoO • 0.0 • OoO o 000 , 0,0 *
• o 0 . 3 7 2 S 3 [ - ! 0 • 0 0 4 9 9 9 0 [ * 0 6 * O,1S396[-OlooO,66681(-Ok*-O*372S3['109
0.0,74S06[.!0,.0.11176[~09g-0019073[-09•00,29297[006•00•?~506['109
• 0,149961005,-0014901[-09•o0olg073(-09,'0o16464['03• O,ISOOA[-OSl
0 - 0 0 1 0 0 0 6 [ - 0 S * O.14998[-OSooOo19073[-OSo*Oo10606('03o'001000Z['OSo
• O.lO006[+OSo°Oo|O00Z[.OS• 0 , 1 9 9 9 9 [ - 0 S , - 0 , T S 9 6 9 [ ° 0 6 • O,lSO08[-OS•
0-0,gg961['06• 0,10013['0S•*0019073[ "Og•'Oo13184[-O3•°O°|s§?~['08•
• O,99938[.06,.0,lO01~(-OS+-O,S367[-|O*°O*60~7~[nOdit+~O*SSSTg["09*
• "0,100|2[o06. 0*!4991('0S~ "0*9S367['|0*°0.~7|S0['0.~ 0•|9997[~0So
• 0°|S013[o0S•-0o?4S06[-106-0,19073('09•o0.71716(°06.'0,76S06['|06
• -0.14901[-089"0,74S06['10• 0o|9999[-0S•00,3367'('04•'0,74S06['!0•
• 0 0 0 5 S 8 7 9 [ ° 0 9 • 0 , 1 9 9 7 9 [ - 0 S o - 0 , | 9 0 7 3 [ ' 0 9 o OoTT62OEoOSo Oo19988[-OS*
• O.l~82[.OS,-O,SSS?9[-09s+O°S36?[-|Oo°Oo67902(°06o*Oe76S06['|O•
• o0,999*9[-069-0o14901[-06, 0,0 + O,28992[°O+,oO,371S3[-30+
• 0 . 9 9 9 ~ 2 [ ' 0 6 . 0020008(00S• 0 . 0 • 0,13428(00~•'0*37~§3[~!0.
0 - 0 . 9 9 9 4 9 [ - 0 6 o - 0 0 1 8 9 9 9 ( ' 0 8 * 0o0 ,-O,38910E-OA•-O,T+S06(-IO I
O01S OATA X l O /
• Ool4q91[-OSo 000 • OoO , 0 , 7 1 4 1 1 [ q 0 6 , 0o169~1[-0S0
*-0,74506(010, 000 • 0,0 •-Oo~3806[-06,-O.76SO6(oLOo
0-0,74S06(010•-0,968S8('0go 000 • 0,16363[+06•-0,~3033£"0S*
• 0 . 1 7 0 8 6 [ - 0 5 • O,6?OSS(o09e OoO p O,3SOS(-O&* 0e90897[-07o
0*Q,|3862[-06o 0oZ8060[*06, 0,0 • 00305181005• O,S?S6T[-06*
0 o 0 , 1 4 4 7 7 ( - 0 4 • 0 0 o 9 6 0 5 8 [ o 0 5 • OoO e 0,49|331004•000494T0100~•
• 0 , 1 9 S 6 0 [ - 0 S * 0 , 6 0 7 2 1 [ o 0 6 * OoO •*O,IT&S3[-06• 0•98Z99[+06•
•-0,12666(-08t-0,!2892['06• 0,0 , 00S2643(o06o-0•90027[-06,
• o0.56879(-0g• 0.1~g88(005* 0.0 ,oO.33560F.~OS,-O.~LSOO3F~OS+--
• O,! 979[+OSe*O,T4§06['|O* OoO •ºO,ASk4g[-osooO•T+§06[+|09
0 . 0 o T 4 5 0 6 [ - 1 0 • - 0 . 7 4 S 0 6 ( ' 1 0 • OoO o O,9933§[-OAe*Oo3?|S3[-lOe
• " 0 , 3 7 2 S 3 ( ' 2 0 , 0 . 8 9 6 0 7 [ * 0 9 • 000 •00,67291[o04, 0,19372[-00,
•-0ol8999[-00•o0.74S06[*10o 0,0 • O,IO040[-03*-O,372S3[mLO•
• 0,20008[-0S•o0016999100S• 0.0 •00.3|691£'0k• 004996?[006.
0 - 0 , | 8 9 9 9 [ - 0 6 * 0.|698611006* 0 , 0 . . . . . . _,_O.360~LIE~O4+~o.JrsSlSlZS~OJ~.
• 0,0 9-OoSSS?g(oOgo 0 , 0 o O,6S613(-Oy,oOo?4~O6['lOw
• OoO • O,3?ZS3['Og* 0 , 0 o- 0 , 3 6 6 2 1 ( - 0 S • 0 0 • 7 ~ 0 6 [ ' ~ 0 ,
0-0,18626E-06o'0,!4986['0S* OoO o00oZ0294(-03•00010631[o089
• 0,0 , 001S007[o05• OoO • OoS6Z66E-03• 0o50113£p06 /
0016 DATA X | l /
jsO,372S3[,IOeuO,TkSO6F~ZO+-O40----•,~*3~~'O460L26[JOK*-
• -O.YASO6EolO,oOo37253['lO, 0.0 e 0,16461(o02, 0o89407(-09*
o-0.1496?[+06.~0.37253[-Z01 0.0 ooO,Sl§YO(-03,*O.?4S06[~lO*
• 0.99860[-0610eSOOl6[*06+ 0.0 o 0o20306(-03o*0,T4S06(*10*
••-O.IO003E-OSooO.SO027[-06* 0 . 0 I O6§O0+9(POkl'Oo|6990(mOSl
• O,l§OOT[+OS+-Oe?4§O01[*|Ol OeO I'0,3+790('0+' 0.I0001('0+'
._bO.~O,.O.18626[-OS* O*O---- : 9:!+!OO[-9?+-n+++++a+-+°+
• -O.?+SO6[-10,oO,1+99d~['OS* 0.0 o°0.1|978(-03,-0.g9979[-06o
• O,20007[-OS* 0 . 1 6 9 6 8 [ - O S o 0 , 0 • O . | G | | A ( n 0 3 * O.I§O0~..InOSI~
o-O,74SO6[-lOo-O.lllT6['091 0,0 ,-O,iO+8+[-031-O,?+S06['ZO,
• -0074S06[-10, 0,50012[o06o 0,0 , 0,S9661[-01,-0+7A~0611)~

75
AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN IV G LEVEL 21 HSCP DATE : TS224 13/41/03

•'O,14991E-OS,-O,SOO2?E-06, 0,0 • O,54932E-O%-O.7~506E-IO,

• O. 9979E-O6•'0,74SO6E-lO• 0,0 *00,36316[006,-0,99860[-06•
0-0,10010E-05• 0,20003E-05, 0,0 • 0,13763E-03,-0052154[009•
• 0°14984(-05•-0,20019(-05e OoO • -0,52048E-06• 0,40978[-09•
• "0,74506E-10• 0013411E-08, 0,0 • OeB6670E-04•00,74506[-lO•
• 0,40978E-09• 0,409781-09• 0,0 • 0,0 ,-0.49089[-0b•
• 0,0 o 0,0 , 0,0 o 0,0 • OoO /
0017 DATA x ! 2 1
• 0 . 3 8 1 7 0 E 020 0,4139SE OZ, O,71kOOE 01,
0 , 4 2 7 S 8 ( 02• 0 o 3 0 3 9 6 [ 02•
• 0 , 4 2 9 9 2 [ 0 2 • 0 , ~ 6 2 1 8 [ 02• 0.71800E 0|•
0o47769( 02• 0 , 6 1 9 1 6 [ 02•
• 0 , 4 S 7 7 0 [ 02• 0 , 4 9 0 0 4 E 0 2 , 0,90500[ 01•
0 , 5 1 0 7 2 [ 02• 0045106( 02•
• 0.4S813E 02o 0 , ~ 9 0 4 7 [ 0 2 , 0,10640E 02,
0,51127[ 02, O,AS|SS[ 02,
• 0,47818E 02, 0,S1091E 02, 0,12080E 02,
0o53830E 0 2 • 0,~7484E 02•
• 0,49386E 02, 0,57722E 02, 0,13280E 02•
0 o S 6 1 2 2 [ 02* 0 . 4 9 3 3 4 E 02•
• O,S06eSE 02• 0 . 5 4 0 9 8 E 0 2 • 0.1428fle 02•
0 . 5 A 1 2 6 [ 02• 0 . 5 0 8 9 1 E 02•
• 0 , S i 8 0 6 E 0 2 , 0 , 5 5 2 9 7 E 020 0,15170E 02,
0 , $ 9 9 1 0 E 02• 0 . S 2 2 G 9 [ 02•
• 0o52798E 0 2 , 0 , 5 6 3 6 1 E 02• 0.15980E 02,
OeO|S?~( 02• 0 0 S 3 4 6 G [ 0~•
• 0 . $ 3 6 9 2 £ 02• 0 , 5 2 3 2 0 E 02• 0,16720E 02,
0 , 6 2 9 9 2 E 02• 0,$4570[ 02•
• 0,0 • 0,0 • 0.17~!0E
OoO 02• • 0,0 ,
• 0,0 , 0,0 • 0,18070E
OoO 02, • 0o0 ,
• 0,0 , 0,0 , 0,18700E
0,0 02, • OoO ,
• 0o0 • OoO • 0o0 , OoQ • 0,0 ,
• 0o58178(-01• O,S8IS2E-OI• 0.23081[-01, 0o58339[-01• 0o66S~9[001,
• 0o32360[-01, 0.32470E-01• 0.20129E-01, 0,36810[-01• 0,37253[-01•
• 0,23941E001, O.23A?8E-01o 0o16850E-01, 0,30285E-01• 0.27~34£-01•
• 0o21529E-01• 0,21688E-01• 0,1S092E-01, 0,28413E-01• 0.24710[°01•
• 0*17679E-01• 001~278E-01, 0,13371E-01, 0,25040E-01• 0.2~?~9[-01 /
0018 DATA X i 3 /
• 0,13769E-01• 0,14525[-01. 0,10629E-01• 0,21044E001• 0,1~30[-01•
• 0011787[*01• 0,12603E-01, 0,92143[-02• 0,18663[-01, 0.14233E-01•
• 0,10378E-01, 0*11143E-01, 0,84111E002• 0,16795E-01• 0.12656[-01,
• 0,93121E00210,lO001E-Ol• 0,76691E002• O,1S2TBE-Olt 0.11463E-01•
• 0,85026E-02, 0,91142E002, 0,?0499E-02• O.lkOSTE-01• 0,10586E-01•
• 0,0. • 0,0 , 0,6T125E-02, 0,0 • 0,0 •
• 0,0 • 0.0 • 0.64501E-02• 0.0 • 0,0 •
• 000 , 0,0 , 0,615001002, 0,0 , 000 ,
• 0,0 e 0,0 , 000 , OoO + 0,0
•'O,40361['04*'O,40R40E-OAeoOo7726SE-O3,-Oo31659[-OAooOo~?SlE.Ok;
•'0,37794['040"0,37315[-04,-0,1009|[-06,-0,30206[-04,-0,43164[.049
• 0e17000E-03, O,|5203E+O3,-O,|O92SE-04, 0.11S~0[-03, 0,1590S[-03,
•'O*58597E-OS,-O,33331[-OS,-O,35603E-OS,-O,?7686[-OS,-O,33868[.OS,
•'O*20860E'O~+-O,21SOTE-OA+-O,13716E-OA,-O,23646EqOA,.O,2SO80E.04,
e'Oe35399[-OS,-O,37267[-OS,-Oe47140[-OS,.O,63flg4[.OS,.O,38226E.OS,
*'O,32197[-OSm-O,37805E-OS,-Oe139?]E.OSe.O,Sqq86E.OSo.O.3813|E.OS,
*'O*30R3]E'OS*'O,36~RSE-OS,-O,1913?[-OSt-O.SOTtk£-OSo-O.3?SS3[.O5,
e'O.30690E-OS,-O.34713E-OSe-O.I88SSE.OS,.O,SI)IOE.OS,.O,33~R][.OS,
• "O,31018['O5,'O*35350E-OS~-O.II237E-OS,-O,AG20~E-OS,-O.31118E.OS /
0019 DATA X 1 4 /
• 0,0 o 0.0 ,-0,75072[-06, 0.0 • 0,0 •
• 0,0 , 0.0 •-0.15002E-05• 0.0 • 0.0 •
• OoO • 0.0 •-0,15013E-05• 0,0 • 0,0 •
• 0,0 • 0.0 , 0.0 • 0,0 , 0,0
•'O,59720E-Ob•-O.~8375E-O6,-O.89876E-Ob•-O,SO628E.OO•.0,6SQ?3[.06~
•'O*33915E'O7•'O,43852E-OT,-O.42040E-OT•-O.20882E.O?•.O.S3SOIE.07•
• "0,29616E-O3•-O,26qO E-03• 0.14243E'O?•'O,~2392E-03•-O,303~4[-03•
•'Oe89275E'O7•'O*91~42E'OT•-O.3362?E-OT•-O.60635E-07,°O,108|I[.06•

76
 AE D C - T R - 7 6 - 1 5

FONTNAN I v G LEVEL 21 HSCP OAT[ : 7522k 13/41/03

• 0 o ~ 7 3 5 6 [ - 0 8 . 0 o ! 0 2 ~ R ( - 0 7 0 000 , 0,~433[-02, 0,21892[-070

e-Ook26SkE-OTo-O,39231(-OT,'O,lST16[-OT,-O,3732~(-O?,-O,4?T25(-070
•-O,25qO~E-O7000°2346g[oOTe-O.IT457[-OT,-Oo22272(-OT,-Oe27134[-OTo
•00.|4gT3[-0T,-Oe13S82(-NT,-Oo|ig?T[-0T,oOoIbTS3E-OTo-OelPO55[-OTo
000.65234E-OReoO.64328('00*oOo80682['OBeoOe66679[oOO*'OoTlOg3[~OB*
•-0,42401[-000-0o40766[-080-0.37551(008,-0,$4486E-08,-0,5~612[o08,
• 0.0 . 0o0 .-0.3T443[-08. 0°0 . 0.0 0
• 0.0 + 0o0 0-0.74506[-120 0.0 , 0.0 ,
• 0.0 , 000 • 0.29802[-il0 000 . OoO ,
• OoO , 0.0 , 0,0 , 0,0 • 0,0 •
0020 D4TA 1 1 5 /
• 0 o 6 9 5 8 0 [ 01o O,6gAIOE 0 1 , 0 o 7 9 6 1 0 [ 010 0 . 6 9 6 1 0 ( 010 0 , 7 T 3 4 0 [ 0 1 ,
• O.?g690E 010 0 , T 0 2 0 0 [ 01o 0 o 6 8 T 4 0 [ 010 0 , 8 0 2 5 0 ( 010 0 , T 0 2 3 0 [ 0 1 .
• 0068960E 010 •,80?TO E 010 0 o 7 1 9 6 0 ( 0 1 , o . g s T ? O [ 010 0 . 8 1 8 6 0 ( 0 1 ,
• 0 , 7 4 3 1 0 [ 0 1 , 0,1066&E 0 2 , 0 0 8 4 1 5 0 [ 01o 0 . 7 6 7 0 0 [ 010 0 . 1 1 3 1 0 [ 020
• 0 . 8 6 2 ~ 0 [ 0 1 , 0 . 7 8 8 3 0 ( 010 0 * 1 1 8 6 6 [ 0 2 , 0 . 8 9 5 6 0 [ 010 0 . 6 0 6 3 0 ( 0 1 ,
• 0o12293E 020 OegZk60E 0 1 . 0 . 8 2 1 2 0 ( 010 0 , 1 2 6 6 T [ 0 2 . O o g 5 4 7 0 ( 019
• OoO , 0,0 0 0,0 ,00,25556[-03, 0o54875(0029
• "0o!6527[-03e 0023~g3(~030 0.11356['010 0o320k2[-030 0.145g0['02,
• 0.11298E'01. 0.82102('03+ 0.16891[-020 001162g(001* 0o12956[-02,
• 0.21~28(-02o 0.R6783(-020 0.2019R[002, 0.23782[-02, 0069620[-02,
• 0.25kT5[-020 0.2361g(-02, O.57TOOE-020 0 ° 2 T 2 8 3 ( - 0 2 0 O . i g 7 9 5 E - 0 2 0
• 0,48289['020 0,28715[°020 0,16236('02. 0.40369['02o 0.29941('020
• 0.13516['02. 0.3407T['020 0°30325(-020 0.0 , 0.0 e
• OoO . 0036~19E-0S0 0 . 2 5 9 0 3 £ ° 0 5 o 0 . 2 5 0 1 4 [ ° 0 5 t - 0 . 1 2 7 R 6 E - 0 5 1
• 0.34115E-050 0o25651(-05o 0.i3gk6(-03, 0.24256[*030 0°16696(-030
e'O.37097(-OS*-O.250T|E-06. 0.;569g(-05* flo30618[-OS*'Oe6kO~O(-OSt
• 0.28290E-050 0.S1733[-06*-0.37476E-05, O.6TgksE-o7*'Oe31326E°OS*
*-0.29048(-050 O.I|gGsE-o6*-O.IR257[-OS*-O.28476(-050 0.22002E-06o
e-0.12885(-05,'0.26141[-05o oeg2646(-OT*'O.gO210(-O6*eO.2SO38E-OS /
0021 O&TA X l 6 /
e-0.34925[-10o 0.0 e 0.0 • 0.0 ,-0080632(-08o
• O.IT834E-Ob*-Ook062?('09* 0.51037['07o-0.T8710[-000 0034010(-10,
*'O.27848E-060"O.10383£'030"O*13226['O~* O.411gOE-O?, 0 0 6 8 T T l E - O T o
• O.13541(.O7,-O.13900(oOTo-O.13966E-OT,-Oo12TI4(-08,-Oe39916[o080
e-0.14723(°07e 0.55730(-009 0o81360[-08,+0012029(-07. 0039Tg4[-080
• O , 3 0 9 T 6 E - o g e - o , T 4 1 8 2 [ - O B , 0,25660[-080-O.4T721[-ogo-o.3S454(-080
• 0.66161[-090-0o!3392(-08+-0.27310(-08, 0.74990[-0g, 0.0 *
• 0.0 , 0.0 /
0022 T•TX/I.8
0023 GO TO | 1 0 0 2 0 * 3 0 ) 0 KK
0024 1000 N s - I
0025 GO TO 50
0026 10 GO TO ( ! 1 0 1 1 , 1 2 0 1 1 , 1 1 ) * K
O02? 20 GO TO ( 1 3 , 1 3 , 1 2 , ! 3 , 1 3 1 o K
0028 1003 H a - 2
0029 GO TO 50
0030 30 GO TO ( 3 1 o 1 3 , 3 1 , 1 3 o 1 3 1 o K
0031 31 H• - 2
0032 GO TO SO
0033 !! IF ((T oLT. !0001 .OR. (T .GT. 6 0 0 . ) ) GO TO 15
0034 Tim 100o
0035 T 2 • 11000
0036 INCa !0
O03? IF (K *[Oo 4l GO TO 26
0030 NK• 52

"/7
AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTR4N IV G LEVEL 21 HSCP DaTE : 75224 13141103

003g GO TO 25
0040 12 IF | ( T , L T , 2 9 8 . 1 5 ) .OR. (T . G T , 1 5 0 0 . ) ) GO TO 15
0041 T l z 290.1S
0042 T2:300.0
0063 1NC8 !00
0064 NK8 14
0045 GO TO 25
0046 13 IF | ( T °LT° 100o) °OR° (T .GT, 1 0 0 0 o ) ) GO TO 15
0047 TIn 100.0
0068 T28 200+0
0069 INCx 100
OOSO NKa 11
0051 25 NK2m NK-2
0052 O0 28 !1= ltNK2
0053 T3: T2*INC
0054 IF (T3 , ( 0 0 300,) T 3 : 2 9 8 0 1 5
0055 IF ((T3 ,EQ. 308015) ,OR. (T3 ,Ego 3 9 0 , 1 5 ) ) T3: 300,
0056 IF ( I T oGE, T I ) ,ANOe (T ,LT° T2)) GO T0 k0
0057 718 T2
0058 T28 73
0059 28 CONTINU[
0060 lZm NK-!
0061 GO TO 40
0062 26 NKx 51
0063 NK2x NK-2
0066 O0 27 ZIo19NK2
0065 T3a T2*INC
0066 IF leT 0 6 [ , T1) .kNO, |T ,LTo T2) 1 GO TO 60
0067 T l e T2
0068 T28 73
0069 27 CONTINUE
0070 l l x NK-1
0071 60 GO TO ( 6 1 e k 2 e 4 3 ) . KK
0072 lOOt f l u - ]
0073 GO TO SO
0074 41 TCx ToT1
0075 Ha ( ( C l C K , [ I I 4 ) ~ T C * C ] ( K + I I . 3 ) J o T C * C I ( K o l I o 2 ) ) e T C * C l ( K t l l o l )
0076 IF (K eEOc 6) RETURN
0077 He ,10EO4eH
0078 RETURN
0079 62 TCe T ' T I
0080 H8 | ( C 2 ( K t l I e 6 ) o T ¢ * C 2 ( K l l I * 3 ) ) O T C * C 2 ( K e I I e 2 ) JOTC * C 2 ( K e Z | e i )
0081 RETURN
0082 43 TC- T-T1
0003 Kn K-2
0084 IF (K ,EO. O) Ks]
000S He C ( C 3 ( K e l Z e 4 ) e T ¢ * C 3 ( K , I I e 3 ) ) e T C * C3(K91192)IOTC * C 3 ( X , Z I , I )
0006 Ku Ke2
0087 IF (K , [ O , 3) Kx2
0088 RETURN
008g IS Ha 0*0
0090 SO RETURN
0091 (NO

78
 AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN IV G LEVEL 21 COEFF DATE = 75224 13/41/03

0001 SUBROUTINE COEFF(COOE,&RRAY)

0002 DIHENSION ARRAY(?2)oHHA(72),Hi(?21,SI(?2),CPl(72)eHHI(?2)•
1 HH2I?2) eHH3I?2)+HHCC40)
0003 INTEGER CODE '
C CHEMICAL * SENSIBLE ENTHALPHY FOR T • T I ,
0004 DATA H H I /
19029378|4[*4 + 6.9679289 • 0*0 • 0.0 . H
21.0650436E*S * 4*98 1 9 2 9 2 + OoO * 0.0 , O
3|.7243891['4 o 6.SIL??2S* 2.47405?7E-4 • 0.0 o OH
43.7810S93['4 o 7.77 0 3 1 6 7 o 1 . 3 9 1 4 S 7 S [ ' 4 o 000 m NO
5-4.99502S7E'4 . 7.4991057. 1.63842S|[-4 , 0.0 o CO
64.3795667[,2 o 6.2305090o 2.7323736E-4 , 0.0 o H2
7 - 2 7 0 . 5 1 3 4 2 0 4 1 6 . 8 1 0 1 3 0 2 . 2.8SOS033E-4 o 0.0 , N2
B -630.6330969 • T.3651082 , 2.S902293[-4 . 0.0 . 02
9-.061S . 4.9682152 . OoO , 0.0 , AR
A - 1 7 5 0 4 5 . 8 7 4 7 4 7 0 , 13. 5 0 6 0 2 7 * 0.0 o 0.0 , c0g
B-.06]S • 4o96021S2 , 0.0 o 0.0 o NE
C*102632.3476190o 7 . 1 0 8 8 0 4 6 • ?.678847[-4 + 0.0 o H2O
D'1304.1576077 . 7.6123722 1.36S?170('4 • OoO o N2
E0124009978428 o 7 . 8 8 3 9 0 0 8 , 1.5807864(-4 oO.O * 02
F -0,02187 i 4,9661271 , 0.0 m 0o0 , AR
G-17717S,4036470. 14.294766 • 0,0 • 0.0 , CO2-
H -0.02167 , 4,g681271 * 0.0 , 000 N[
1-104643.9857996, 8.5658373 • 5.0410784E-4 • 0.0 ~ H2O
ENTROPY FOR T • TZ.
O00S DATA HH2/
I 26.3675S6 9 5.3779781[-03.00.943]089[-061 0.715?240[0109 H
2 3?.535609 0 S04203862E-03.-0.9040069[-06, 0.7257386[-10, O
3 44.4S038? t 5.2414646(-03,-O.At?7444E-06. 0,0 OH
4 48.070143 | 0.04797S8[-02.-1.4096686E-06, 1,054S863[-I0~ NO
S 4S.OS?SO0 t 0.8187987(o02t-103406214(*06* 0.9951842[*10o CO
6 29.669398 K 0.732060S[-02.-1.2019850(-06, 0.9262449E-10, N2
7 $7.275024 | +1.6300467[-02+ 1.7SS9820E-05+-00581S832['06o N2
8 47.225630 0.?577402[-021-0.8281940('06P 0.0 * O2
9 36.446448 t • .SSTIOIkE-O3.-O.SII O33E'06* 0.0 + AN
A 470518396 I 1.1512786E-02o-1.2066643[-06, 0.0 o C02
B 34,4116312 9 4.SS?0S6S(-03, 00.$116949[-06o0.0 o N[
C 430261707 I 0.82~683E*02,-0.778228S[-06 .000 o N2O
O ~6.8S6474 ! S.OS06993EoO3.oO.3?OO634E'06* 0*0 o N2
E 50.2049115 5.2760,47[003.-003852719Eo06. 0.0 02
F 36,S124276 3.026274SE-03~-O.228329S8(-6* 0.0 o AR
G 51.5035705 9 8.44472[*03 o-0,6170116[*06, 0.0 , CO2
H 34,8197332 g 4,5503522[-03,-0,6902733(*061 0,0462520E009~ N(
I 4S06963147 , 0,6353274(-02,-0.4115987(-06. 000 / H2O
SPECIFIC HEAT FOR T • T I *
0006 D&TI HH3/
! 4.98615 o 000 , OoO • 0.0 t H
2 S.06k8S?O to4.9817071(-S+ Oo7122534E-OBe OeO * 0
3 6.1708494 , 006040710('39 0.4?77282(-07o01.4488393[-11* ON
4 S.909456 o 1.9245802E'3* "004S60416(006o 0*392198S('109 HO
5 5.S732319 . 9 2 . 0 0 7 6 6 5 1 E ' 3 . 0 0 . 4 S S 2 0 4 5 (0 0 6 + 0 0 3 ? 7 7 0 7 6 [ 0 1 0 * CO
o-4.3676S05[-3. 2eS264S94(-O6e-O.SSA78S7[*O99 ~2
6 g.6TOOS?9
? 5.7766S62 o 1.5061552E'3* -2.0759936(-0?t 0.0 * M2
B 5.607504 • 2.7614S0|(-3o -0.88881|3(006, I.09S4859[-|0+ OZ
9 4.9681S o 0.0 , 0.0 o 000 * AN-
A 6.680396 o 0.S990060('2e -|.7096370E-069 0.1809910[009o CO2

79
AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN I V G LEVEL 21 COEFF DATE : ?5224 13/41/03

B 4,g681S • 0.0 0.0 ~,0 Iq[
C 7,1564307 • 0,g6S5705(-3~ 0 , 4 6 4 0 ~ 9 0 ( - 0 6 . - | • 0*0 0 2 3 2 0 E - ! 0 . ' ~t20
0 6.5727317 . O.qO9gO83[-3•-oegs96~9~(-O? , 0,0 ,
( 7.6813079 + k,4281PASE-A•-l,R738208[-08 , 0,0 02
F 4.96A15 •OoO • 0,0 , 0,0 . AR
O 10,8521173 . 1.6107530(o3, -1o7125528(-07, 0,0 , C02
H 4,96815 . 0,0 • 0,0 • 0.0 ~E
! S,9764766 , 2*5861|?gE-3.-2,3692669E-O?, 0•0 H20
C S E N S I R L ( (NTHALPY C O E F F I C I E N T S FOR T , L ( , TI•900R-1800R,
C 18008"27008•27008-60008.
0007 DATA H I /
• 27~.57872 , 6.2849886 • ~*2460662(°4 ; 0.0 * N2
• "49,975312] + 6*700Sgll • 4*6097941(-4 • 0.0 • 02
• 0.19168 o 4.9682152 • 0.0 s 0,0 , AR
e'291•63164]3. 6.~377|90. 28.320|87£-4 • "0,3858033E-6 , (:02
• 0.19168 • 4,9682|$2 . 0,0 . 0,0
• 3S6•6S10897. 6,9t3S76, 8•1349063[-4 * fl,O . q20
s'2~0,S134704. 6,8101302• 2*S50S033E-b . 0,0
• "630,6330969• 7,38S10~2. 2.5992293[-4 . 0.0 O?
• ",0615 , 4•9681418 , 0.0 , 0,0 • AR
• -3~94.0760689, 1|.07844• S.416692SE-~ • 0.0 . C02
"',fl6|S , ~.96814|8 , 0,0 . 0.0 + N[
e|S2*BSQ6437. 7,1089377. 7,678S528E-4 • 0•0 . H20
• "1304.1576077, 7.61237~2. 1.36S7170[-4 , 0.0
u'|240*9978428, 7.8839888, 1.5887864[-4 , fl.O . 112
• -0,0~187 . ~,9661271 • 0.0 • 0.0 . AR
• -SS37.3281389• 12,747913. 2.3106225(-4 . 0,0 • C02
• °0.02187 . 4.968|2?| + 0.0 , 0.0
• -1858,493SR|6, 8,5657282, S.0~20885(-~ . 0,0 / H20
(: ENTROPY ( : O E F F I C I E N T S FOR T •LE,TI.QflO~-1800R.ISOOR-2700~•
C 2 7 0 0 H - 4 0 0 0 8 REVISED EQ.
0008 DATA S | /
• 3q,2~!394 , 0.0|55587 , -0,56159q?(-0S p 0,q33764[-09 t X2
• 42.2~9726 , 1,57705gOE-02, -0,S390427£-0S , 0,857379S(-09 , O2
•31.58835|0 11.291R283[-02 . -5.392|N89E-06. 0.q66391?[-09 o AR
• ~1.7845& . 2,0A71316E-02, -0.634?125[-0S + o.gs26361E-09 . C02
• 29,5537807 , 1,7917042E'02. "S,39074|0(-06o 0.g6S9SS?[-09 * NE
• 37.437166 . 1.8092773E-02.-0.6382909(-0S . 1,0?~831?[-09 . H20
• -|,8300467E-0~. 1.7SqgR2n(-os . -O•SHISA32E-08+ N2
• 47.225~30 , 0.7577402E-02, "O.A28194[-06 , 0•0 02
•36.4464480 . 4•$571014['03. "0.51t9033[-06. 0.0 , AR
• 47,5|8398 • 1,1S|2786[-02, "1,2066643E-06 , 0.0 C02
*34,4116312 . 4.$570S65(-03. "0.S11894qE-06. 0,0 ~E
• 430261707 . 0,8244083E-02. -O•77822qsE-06 . 0,0 X20
• 46.8~64740 . S,0S06993(-03, "0,3700634[-06 , 0.0 ~2
• SO*204glIS , 5.2?80447[°03• -0,385~?1g[-06 • 0,0 02
038.51~4276 • 3.0262745E-03• -O,2P832gss[-06, 0,0 AR
• 51,5035705 • R,40472£-03 • -0.6170116(-06 • 0,0 C02
•34.6197332 • 4*5S03522[-03. -0.690273q(-06• 0,04~?S?0[-09 , N[
• 45.6963|47 . 006353274£-07. "0*4115987F-06 , 0.0 / ~20
C S P E C I F I ( : HEAT C O E F F I C | ( N T S FOR T , L E , T I • q O 0 ~ - I O 0 0 R +
C 1800R'27008.2700R-40008 REV,
0009 DATA ( : P I /
• 7,73~67810 *'1,3015396E-03+ !.$759008£-06, -0,3746857(-09 q2
• 5,7846~05 • 2,2415270E'O3*-Oe45ROO23E-06• 0.0 O2
• 4.96815 o 0o0 , 0.0 , O.O AR

80
 AEOC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN I V G L(VEL 21 CO(rr DATE • 7S224 13/4|/03

• $.3131429 , 0.8363827(-02,-0.30A8999[-0S, 0.4493104[-09 , C02

N[
• 4.q6A15 , 0,0 • 0,0 , 0,0 ,
• ?.5482768 , 4.2815697(-04, 0.71S771T[-06o -103495689[010 , H20
• 5.776~S62 , !05061552[-03,-2007S9936(002. 0.0 *
• S.607q8400 , 2.7614S01E-O3,-O,8888113E-06* 1,0954059E-10 , 02
• 4.96015 e 0,0 o 0.0 , 0.0 o :R
• 6,6803960 , OeS 90f160E'O2e-I,TOg63? E'06* 0,18099|0[~00 * C02
• 4,96815 * 0,0 , 0.0 , 0.0 e N[
• 7.1S6438T , 0.98S5705(-03, 0.4640~9(-06o-1.0002320(o1~ * H20
• 60S722317 • ~,9099083[-03t-0,9596494[-0T, 0.0 e ~2
• 7,6013079 * 4.4281245[-04,-i.8738208[-08, 0.0 o 02
• 4,96~15 * 0.0 • 0.0 , 0,0 , AR
• 10.8S21173 • 1.6107530[-03,-1.T125S28[-02, 0.0 o C02
• ~09681S , 0,0 , 0,0 , 0.0 ME
• S.9764766 , 205861179[003,02,3~92~69[002, 0,0 *.120
C 0188S FREE [NERGY.
0010 DATA MHC/
1 5,3150524E*04.'15.6253583 ,-0,9267035E-03, 0,5610S64[-n? , 14
2 6,0670223(*04.°21,851847? o-0,9282325E-03, 0,S614114['fl7 o 0
3 1.0843812E*04,-24.8213338 ,01,4149044[*03, 0,7304710[-07 , OH
k 2.2&qb290E*04.-280129~227 ,-t.5979~bl[o03,fleA680263('07 * NO
S-2.S226klQ(*0k.*26.3634922 ,-I.$649122E'03, 0 . 8 4 $ ? f lOS [ -OT * CO
6 1,4415362E*O3*-J2,Bq97838 ,-1,3549S95[-03, 0,6281319('07 * ~2
7 1.208TOOOE*03,02S,6087461 g - 1 , 5 3 2 S 9 0 S ( ' 0 3 . O.81796YOE-OT , 02
S 1.2814893[*03*-27.3292772 o-1,0271943(-03* 0,878360S('07 * 02
9-9.200840R[*04*-2T.9578811 ,-2,5501816[-03, 1,3S0614S(-07 • C02
A-5,65?4736(*04.-2S,0072600 ,-!,864|a09(-03, 0,803q902[-07/ H?O
0011 UO ] I.]022
0012 ] ARRAY(l) • 0 . 0
0013 GO TOf10o20*30.kNe~0*60*b0*80*Q01*CO0[
0014 I n DO !1 1•1.40
0015 11 ARRAY(I) • HHC(1)
0016 RETURN
0017 20 DO 21 I81,?2
0018 21. A R n A Y ( I ) = H H I ( T |
o01g RETURN
fl020 30 DO 31 [8],7?
0021 31 ARRAY(Z) • H H 2 ( | )
0022 HETURN
0023 40 DO 41 |•1.72
0024 ~1 ARRAY(I) • HH3(~|
0025 RETURN
0026 S~ 00 S| lxl+72
0027 51 ARRAY(I) • HHA(|)
0028 ~[TURN
0029 60 00 61 181o72
0030 61 ARRAY|i) • H | ( | )
0031 RETURN
0032 ~0 DO 81 Z•!.72
0033 AI ARRAY(|) • S l ( I )
0034 NETURN
0035 90 DO 91 Ix1.?2
0036 91 ARnAY(|) • C P i ( l )
003? RETURq
0038 END

-. 81'
AE D C - T R - 7 6 - 1 5

FORTR&N I v G LEVEL 21 CCC OAT[ • 75224 13/kl/03

0001 FUNCTION CCC(MeNeT)
C TEMPERATURE T |S IN OEGR[ES R
C N2 " l . l O * l S , 0 2 " 2 o 2 0 . 2 5 9 A R ' 3 . 3 O o 3 S e C 0 2 o 4 o 4 0 o 4 S . NE'5+§OoSS
0002 GO T O ( l O O o 2 O O g 3 O O l g N
0003 1 0 0 GO T O C I * 2 1 3 e 4 , S ) g N
C 3MO V I R I A L COEFFICIENTIC)- AEOC- T R - 7 1 - 3 9 0
0004 1CCC • (3,$528210 -4,7253632E-02 *T)/(I,0 - ~ , 7 4 4 6 5 1 S E - 0 3 ST)
0005 GO TO 1000
0006 ? CCC• 1 0 4 . 2 3 6 S T S R E * O I ) / | l . O "0.972R006(002 *T)
0007 GO TO 1000
0008 3 CCC 8 1 | ( ' l . 0 7 8 7 8 3 4 E - 0 7 *T) • 2 e k 3 3 6 | k i E - O 4 ) • T -
1 0.19016k16) • T * 59.879538
0009 GO TO 1000
0010 4 CCC • 115017385 - 0 0 1 3 3 8 3 9 8 • T * O . 3 1 9 0 A 3 8 E - 4 • T • T
0011 GD TO 1000
0012 S CCC 8 0 0 0
0013 GO TO 1 0 0 0
0014 ~ 0 0 GO T O l l O + 2 O e 3 0 * 4 0 o S O ) o ~
C T(DC/OT)
0015 10 CCC = 1 - 3 0 0 3 9 6 6 2 0 E - 0 3 • T ) / ( ( 1 2 2 , S 1 2 0 0 2 5 ( - 0 6 0T)-9,6093630(-03)
I • T * 1,01
0016 GO TO I 0 0 0
001? 20 C C C • 1 4 , 1 1 9 4 3 1 7 ( - 0 3 * T ) / ( I . O - 0o9728086E-02 *T)
0018 GO TO 1 0 0 0
0019 30 C C C : ( 1 1 ( - 3 , 2 3 6 3 5 0 2 E o 0 7 • T) * ~ , 8 6 7 2 2 8 2 [ - 0 4 ) • T
1 - 0 , 1 9 0 1 6 4 1 6 ) • T)
0020 GO TO 1000
0021 40 CCC • 0 , 1 3 3 8 3 9 8 • T • 0 . 6 3 8 1 6 7 6 E - 4 • T • T
0022 GO TO 1000
0023 50 CCC • 0 , 0
0024 GO TO 1 0 0 0
0025 300 GO T O I l S o 2 5 P 3 S + 4 S o S S ) . N
C Too(O•oC/OTe*)
0026 IS CCC • " 2 8 . 0 4 4 4 6 3 7 E - 0 5 • T • T * 1 3 6 , 8 5 7 7 9 3 1 £ - 0 a • T • • 3 /
!1100"9.4893630E-3 • T * 22e512002S(-6 • T *T) 00 2
0027 GO TO ! 0 0 0
0028 25 CCC • ( - 4 . 0 0 7 4 1 0 5 E - 0 5 * T • TI / ( I , O 0 0 , 9 7 2 0 0 8 6 E - 0 2 * T )
0029 GO TO 1000
0030 3 q CCC • 4 , 8 6 7 2 2 8 2 [ - 0 4 *T • T " 6 . 4 7 2 7 0 0 4 E - 0 7 • T a T s T
0031 GO TO 1 0 0 0
0032 45 CCC • 0 0 6 3 8 1 6 7 6 [ - 4 * Y • Y
0033 GO TO 1 0 0 0
0034 SS CCC • 0 , 0
0035 1000 CCC • CCC * 10000
0036 R(TURN
0037 END

FORTRAN IV G LEVEL 21 SONY OATE• 75224 13/41/03

0001 SUAROUTZNE SONVfUTMoFgToCPwGeA)
C TEMPERATURE T NUST 8 [ IN DEGREES R
C SUBROUTINE TO CALCULATE SONIC V(LOCITY
0002 [FCF.EQeO|U TM828.9646
0003 G • CP/fCP-(I,gOTI6S/UTH))
0006 X • 3 2 . 1 6 " 1 . 9 8 7 1 6 5 • 1 0 5 4 . 3 S 0 2 6 4 S / 1o35S0179
O00S A • (ABSf(GOXeTI/MTM))eeOeS
0006 R[TURN
0007 END

82
 AEDC-TR-76-15

FORTRAN I v G LEVEL 21 888 DATE • 75224 13/41103

0001 FUNCT|ON RGB(MoNoT)

TEMPERATURE T IS IN DEGREES R
N2 - 1 , 1 0 . 1 5 , 02*2920o25* AR-3,30,35, C02-4140*kS* qE-S,S0oSS
0002 GO T 0 ( | 0 0 , 2 0 0 . 3 0 0 1 * M
0003 100 GO T 0 ( I I 2 , 3 + 6 * S ) IN
2NO V | R I A L C O [ F F I C I E N T ( B ) " A[DC - T R - 7 1 - 3 0 ,
0004 I 89R • 1 ( ( - 0 , 3 5 3 4 7 6 3 E - 0 3 • T) - 0 . 6 6 3 6 | 3 2 ) • T • 5 o 1 3 6 4 6 3 7 [ * 0 2 )
1 / 1((-0.9296798(-05) • T - |,7158299(-02) • T • 1.0!
O00S GO TO | 0 0 0
0006 ? BH8 • ( ( ( - t , 5 0 5 0 4 ~ 7 E - 0 4 *T) - 6.7667018E-01) • T * 4,2057064(•02)
Z i (((.0,5095962E-05•T)- 1,4123010(-02! • T • i,0)
0007 GO TO 1000
0008 3 688 • | 1 1 | - t , ~ 8 6 0 2 9 1 [ - 0 8 • T) • 0 , 4 7 7 2 2 6 2 ( - 0 3 1 • T -
Z 0,670§35|) • T • 3,0g04656E•02} / (111|,k973286['10 •
2 T) * 1 , 1 7 9 0 0 8 5 [ 0 0 5 1 * T - 1 , k 6 4 5 7 2 5 E o 0 2 } • T • I 0 0 )
0009 GO TO IO00
0010 4 BBR • ( ( ( 0 , 7 0 2 6 4 6 9 E - 0 4 • T) - 5 , 0 3 3 6 R 4 3 [ ' 0 | ) • T •5,3152906[*02)
1 /111-2,2018674[-00 •T) -0,6113584(-02)•T *!,0)
0011 GO TO | 0 0 0
0012 S 688 s l y q , 4 2 5 6 9 S - 0 , 2 7 1 k k 9 6 7 •T)/(i,0-1,6663~60(-02 iT!
0013 GO TO 1000
001~ 200 GO T 0 ( 1 0 , 2 0 , 3 0 , 4 0 1 5 0 ) o N
T(OB/OT)
0015 10 8R8 x l - 3 , k § 6 0 7 9 2 E * 0 2 ) / ( ( 1 " 0 0 2 9 6 2 7 7 k 6 E -0SET) - 1 , 1 2 8 6 4 2 3 [ - 0 2 !
1 • T • 1,0!
0018 GO TO 1000
0017 20 5BR • ( - 3 , 1 6 9 | 7 2 8 E • 0 2 ) / ( ( ( ( 0,~514126E-09 •TI o0,3228332[-05)
| •T -0,9S21190(-021 • T *1,01
0018 GO 70 i 0 0 0
0019 3~ BSB • 1 - 2 , 7 5 2 4 5 3 2 ( • 0 2 * 4 , 4 2 7 3 6 1 7 E - 0 2 * T) / ( 1 . 0 "
1 0,9485511E-02 •T)
0020 GO TO 1000
0021 40 888 m E ( f ( ( 1 6 , 9 1 6 2 6 9 3 ( - 1 2 • T ) - 7 . 0 7 0 8 9 4 6 ( - 0 9 ) * T
1 -0,9807759[-83) * T * 5,3k58176) • T)/(1((-7,13k0504['08
2 •T) -!,104452('021 • T * t , O ) • • 21
0022 GO TO 1000
0023 SO 8 8 8 • ( ° 6 , 1 9 9 2 8 7 0 E ' 0 1 • ! , 8 8 8 6 0 4 0 E - 0 2 • T 1 / ( 1 , 0 - 1 , 7 0 1 4 9 8 g E - 0 2 •T)
0024 GO TO ! 0 0 0
0025 300 00 T 0 1 1 5 , 2 5 * 3 5 * 4 § 1 5 5 1 1 N
Te•(D••B/OTe•)
0026 15 888 -C6,7S03368E.02)/(|((i.3834600('09 •T1 - 0 , 4 8 1 5 3 2 5 ( - 0 5 1
1 •T - 0 , 8 9 5 1 3 8 2 [ - 0 2 1 • T * 1-01
0027 GO TO 1000
0026 25 BBB • 1 ( ( ( 1 0,30897|3('09 eT) - 0 , 5 8 8 8 0 8 ? E - 0 S ) • T • 1 , 0 9 3 5 6 6 7 E ' 0 2 )
I •T - 4 , g 6 2 7 3 0 3 ) * T -3,3796998(*01)/(l((10,g666770['10
2 •T) -0.210SI36(-06) *T * 1 , 2 0 9 3 6 8 3 [ - 0 4 ) • T
3 - 1 , 9 6 8 6 1 6 2 E - 0 2 1 • T * 1,01
0029 GO TO I 0 0 0
0030 3S 868 x | 3 , g S S S b S g E • 0 2 "3*42S|675('02•T1/11*0*0*6811836(*02 •T|
0031 GO TO 1000
0032 45 B60"•1(1(11-50,1159356E'!6 •T)'47*4sk7667E'!3)•T
-i,4462g!7E-07)* T-125,g32656G£-05! * T
2 .11,8074171)*T•T)/(1(1-7,13405060E-00 •T)
3 o ! , 1 0 6 4 5 2 E - 0 2 ) • T • i , 0 ) • • 41
0033 GO TO I 0 0 0
0034 55 8888(I,585207gE*O2"3*i378kq3E°02 •T)/(I,O-l.Og|B6S6['02 •T)
0035 1000 RETURN
0036 Eldn

83
AEDC-TR-76-15

NOMENCLATURE

A* (See Eq. (19))

a-£
Coefficients for equations
B# (See Eq. ( 2 0 ) )
B Second v i r i a l coefficient, cm 3 / m o l e
C Third v i r i a l coefficient, c r n6/mole
Cp Specific heat at constant p r e s s u r e , Btu/lbm-mole-OR
Cp Specific heat at constant p r e s s u r e , B t u / l b m - ° R
f F u e l - t o - a i r ratio, lbmf ue l/lbyna ir
H Enthalpy, B t u / l b m - m o l e
h Enthalpy, B t u / l b m
MW Molecular weight, I b m / I b m - m o l e
m Fuel, h y d r o g e n - t o - c a r b o n weight ratio, l b m H / l b m C
n Mole fraction, m o l e s / m o l e
P P r e s s u r e , psia
R Gas constant
S Entropy, Btu/lbm-moleOR
S Entropy, Btu/lbmOR
T T e m p e r a t u r e , °R
V Specific volume, cm 3
XM Number of hydrogen atoms in a mole of hydrogen fuel
XN Number of carbon atoms in a mole of hydrocarbon
fuel
Efficiency

SUBSCRIPTS

a
P r e s s u r e in a t m o s p h e r e s
B Base t e m p e r a t u r e
eq Equilibrium

84
 AEOC-TR-76-15

V a l u e w h e r e t h e e f f e c t s of c h e m i c a l d i s s o c i a t i o n a r e
first considered
i Constituent

j,k,m,n Property coefficients

P Pressure
T Temperature, °R
U Universal

85