BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY
Main Campus, College of Engineering and Architecture
Capitol Drive, Capitol Compound, Balanga City
A Feasibility / Project Study on
The Portal: Envisioning Bataan Tourism through Utilizing Contemporary
Architecture on A Seaside Hotel and Resort Expo Center
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in
Architecture for the Course Architectural Design 9 (ARDS0515).
AY 2023-2024
Student:
VELONTA, ANGELA CHARMES C.
Program, Year and Section:
BS ARCHITECTURE, 5TH YEAR, 5C
Instructor:
AR. JOHN PAUL AUSTRIA
6.1 STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
Structural Concept
The study will be utilizing a long-span structural concept which creates
column-free and unobstructive spaces to provide a large variety of functions for the
space. As the study requires large areas where visibility is important especially for a
large number of audience, this is a suitable concept for a convention center design. This
concept also creates space for various movements and enhances the flexibility of the
spaces so that it could be utilized in many different ways.
Convention Centers and exhibition spaces require a huge amount of space for
them to be able to hold a large number of people and to be able to accommodate
different types of events and gatherings in a flexible manner. Long-span structures
provide large open spaces due to its minimal beams and posts needed within the
structure, that is why this type of structural concept is suitable for the study.
Structural Technologies
1. Modular Engineering
This modern structural innovation has been of great use since it has been
developed. Modern-day construction requires a more efficient and time-saving method,
especially for huge projects such as the topic being studied. This type of construction
method uses modules that are pre-fabricated off-site and then transported to the actual
site to be unloaded and assembled into a finish structure.
Convention centers are relatively large and the study will be utilizing a more
complex design, so modular engineering would be most beneficial to the study. This will
lessen on-site waste and make the construction quicker and more efficient, while giving
a more structurally sound and consistent structure.
2. Self - Healing Concrete
Maintenance is one of the most important parts of keeping the integrity of the
building. Recent structural innovations and technologies have allowed us to use
biological materials to create a “self-healing” concrete. This concrete contains spores of
limestone-precipitating bacteria and once the water seeps through the cracks, the
capsule dissolves and activates the spores, sealing the crack biologically. Through
undergoing this process, the compressive strength of the damaged concrete can be
improved by 16%.
This method could be adopted for sites that have a humid and moist environment
such as sites that are always exposed or nearby bodies of water where precipitation
always occurs. It could be used as an advantage for the self-healing concrete to utilize
those environmental factors and require less maintenance than that of regular concrete.
It reduces maintenance and labor costs that are necessary to keep the concrete in its top
condition, therefore lowering environmental costs prior to its production.
Structural Methods
1. Haunched Composite Beams
This type of composite beams add haunches at the ends of the beams to provide
a moment of continuity. In this structural method, the effective stiffness of the beam
substantially increases as the bending moment diagram is “lifted”. The connections of
these types of beams are stiff and strong such that the rest of the span could be allowed
to be shallower, hence the span in excess of 20 - 30 meters can be easily achieved.
2. Warren Truss
Warren trusses have diagonal web members that are alternatively in equal length
compression and tension. Once modified to the required design of your structure, the
warren truss may be adopted where additional members are introduced to provide a
node at purlin locations. This type of truss could be used in long span buildings ranging
from 20 - 100 meters.
3. Portal Frames
Portal frames are comprised of a series of longitudinally braced transverse
frames
6.2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
1. Main Power Supply
The main power supply that the study will be utilizing will be the Peninsula
Electrical Cooperative (PENELCO) which is the main electrical supplier of Bagac,
Bataan.
2. Alternative Power Supply
Due to the issue of the current unannounced power outage to the site location.
The study will be utilizing alternative power supply to bring a solution to the electrical
issues, and to have a backup electrical supply to support the amount of electricity
needed for the site. It is also a way to build a sustainable system and conserve energy to
utilize the natural resources such as sunlight, to generate electricity.
● Solar Panels
Photovoltaics, commonly known as solar panels, gather sunlight energy from the
sun and convert it into electrical energy that could be utilized to supply electricity to
different kinds of structures. As the site is located on a slightly remote area, this could be
a good source of electricity to supply the site sustainably.
3. Standby Emergency Power Supply
In cases such as failure of the main power supply or accidents on the site in
which it causes interruption to the electricity supply, the standby emergency power
supply could be utilized to automatically supply illumination and power to the designated
areas and equipment. Within 10 seconds of power interruption, this system is designated
to supply power if the primary system fails.
4. Uninterruptible Power Supply
UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) devices allow computer systems to
continuously operate for at least a considerable amount of time in the event of power
[Link] prevents data loss and allows uninterrupted computer operations even
if there is a power outage.
6.3 Mechanical Systems
1. Air Conditioning
● HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning)
A HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) system’s purpose is to
provide the necessary requirements of the space users in terms of comfort in their
surrounding environment. The temperature of the environment in which this system
operates could be controlled through heating and cooling, regulating the space’s
humidity level and distribution of air. This system also ensures that the area inside the
specified environment it operates is clean and comfortable.
● Passive Cooling or Natural Ventilation
The use of passive cooling on this project is highly favorable in terms of the
environment the study will be situated upon. This form of natural ventilation involves the
usage of parts of the building such as huge windows, open plan design, and clerestory.
Using this type of ventilation, the building could sustain its own form of air circulation
within the spaces even without the help of the HVAC system, making the building more
sustainable and environmentally friendly.
2. Elevator
The use of an elevator, or a vertical shaft is part of the inclusivity of design to
provide ease in transportation within the building, and accommodate pwd passengers as
well for them to be able to experience the facilities with ease and comfort in travel.
6.4 Fire-Fighting Systems
1. Siamese Connection, Wet StandPipe, Dry StandPipe
Siamese connection, also known as FDC (Fire Department Connection) is known
for its Y-shaped appearance attached through the walls where the two female inlets
could be utilized by firefighters by attaching two hoses to refill standpipes or sprinkler
systems with water.
2. Fire Extinguisher
In a case of small emergency fires, fire extinguishers could be utilized as an
active fire protection device. This device is usually made up of a hand-held cylindrical
pressure vessel containing a mixture of fire-extinguishing agents. These types of fire
control device could only be utilized for small emergency fires and should not be used for
fires that are out of control. It is a fire preventive device that is displayed on locations
with fire hazards.
3. Fire Alarm Systems
Fire alarm systems are responsible for alerting the people when fire, carbon
monoxide, or other fire-related emergencies are detected. This type of system utilizes
fire, smoke, and temperature change detectors that activate automatically or manually
through call points or pull stations.
4. Automatic Fire Sprinkler System
Automatic fire sprinkler system, such as shown in the image is a network of water-filled
pipes that begins at the domestic water service line of the site and ends with separately
placed fire sprinkler heads all throughout the different spaces within the building to aid
with fire-related emergencies.
5. Fire Hose Reels
In the event of fire-related emergencies, fire hose reels provide a reasonably
accessible and controlled water supply that could be used to aid. This type of fire
prevention systems are very ideal for high-risk environments that is why it is ideal to
have this in the study.
6. Emergency Lights
Emergency lights are battery or solar powered lights that are independently
powered light sources designed to activate when the event of a power outage comes. It
helps people to still be able to have visibility without the main power supply and navigate
their way out of the facilities in case of emergencies.
6.5 Sanitary Systems
1. Water Supply
● Ground Water or Deep Wells
Underground water sources are existent on sites near some lakes, rivers and
other freshwater sources. These naturally occurring sources of water are replenished
with rains and sometimes, leakage for water supply systems and over-irrigated crops.
This water source could be useful for maintenance and utility usages all throughout the
facilities.
● Potable Water
Drinkable or potable water sources are obtained and treated from surface and
ground sources to meet the state and federal consumption standards. Before deeming to
be consumable, the natural water obtained from ground sources are tested for bacteria,
toxic chemicals, microorganisms, feces, and viruses for the water to be safe.
2. Sanitary Drainage
● Sewage Treatment Plant (STP)
STP or Sewage treatment plant is a type of wastewater treatment that functions
as a remover of contaminants from sewage in order for it to produce effluent that is
suitable for reusing or for discharge to the surrounding environment, preventing water
pollution and contaminating other large bodies of water nearby.
Sanitary Drainage System
3. Storm Drainage
● RainWater Cistern Tank Harvesting
Rainwater cistern tank harvesting is one of the most efficient and sustainable way
of having an alternative water supply. Taking advantage of the rainwater, once the cistern
collects enough rainfall. The collected water could be utilized for non-potable purposes.
6.6 WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
● IoT Smart Waste Management
Smart waste management is a way to utilize newer technology to track down
garbage disposal routes, recycling techniques, and proper waste disposal to promote a
cleaner environment and a more efficient way to manage waste within the site.
6.7 LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS
6.7.1 Plantscaping
Landscape design is the art of arranging a piece of land for aesthetic or practical
reasons. Hardscapes or moving elements such as pavers, and softscape or living
elements such as plants and flowers are the two major components of landscaping,
which is both utilized in the design process to elevate the aesthetics of the area and add
a sustainable feature in the design.
In terms of benefits, the use of landscape systems improves the ambience and
air quality in the surrounding area. Plants are living elements that elevate the design and
also provide a safety net for flood prevention and keeping the good quality of the soil in
the surrounding area. It can also help the buildings last longer by providing defense on
external factors such as wind, storms, and moisture that could easily weaken the
building materials with frequent exposure.
6.7.2 Accessibility
The following information and data are based on BP 344 Implementing Rules and
Regulation (IRR) Amendments and Requirements for Accessibility.
● Ramps
Ramps are slanted pathways that could be found on elevated areas of the site to
provide an easy access to the vertical levels. People with mobility issues, wheelchair
users, bicycle users or other wheeled items could use the ramps as an alternative to
stairs to give them a safer and accessible access to higher grounds.
● Sidewalks
Sidewalks are walkable paths along the side of the street that pedestrians could
utilize to access the roadside and nearby establishments with safety and ease. The
materials usually used for sidewalks include pavers, brick, stone, concrete, or asphalt.
● Tactile Surfaces
Tactile or textured surface, usually in conjunction with a separated footpath or
cycle track, is included in the building design to guide vision-impaired people to the
correct and safe side of the path and keep them from joining the normal foot traffic for
safety purposes.
6.7.3 Way-finding
Through the use of signages and wayfinding instruments will make it easier for
the users to navigate around the spaces on the site. Directional signages are used for
easier identification of ways to the different spaces of the site, identification signages are
labels of spaces to help users identify which space they are in. Safety and regulatory
signs are used to label spaces where people should take extra care when utilizing.
These signs promote safety to the users. Lastly, signages with brailes are used to guide
visually-impaired users to help them navigate and identify spaces.
Directional Signage
● Identification Signages
● Safety and Regulatory Signage
● Signages with Braille
