There are many methods or techniques which can be used to convert numbers from one base to
another. We'll demonstrate here the following −
Decimal to Other Base System
Other Base System to Decimal
Other Base System to Non-Decimal
Shortcut method − Binary to Octal
Shortcut method − Octal to Binary
Shortcut method − Binary to Hexadecimal
Shortcut method − Hexadecimal to Binary
Steps
Step 1 − Divide the decimal number to be converted by the value of the new base.
Step 2 − Get the remainder from Step 1 as the rightmost digit (least significant digit) of new
base number.
Step 3 − Divide the quotient of the previous divide by the new base.
Step 4 − Record the remainder from Step 3 as the next digit (to the left) of the new base
number.
Repeat Steps 3 and 4, getting remainders from right to left, until the quotient becomes zero in
Step 3.
The last remainder thus obtained will be the Most Significant Digit (MSD) of the new base
number.
Decimal Number: 29
Calculating Binary Equivalent −
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Step Operation Result Remainder
Step 1 29 / 2 14 1
Step 2 14 / 2 7 0
Step 3 7/2 3 1
Step 4 3/2 1 1
Step 5 1/2 0 1
As mentioned in Steps 2 and 4, the remainders have to be arranged in the reverse order so that
the first remainder becomes the Least Significant Digit (LSD) and the last remainder becomes the
Most Significant Digit (MSD).
Decimal Number − 2910 = Binary Number − 111012.
Steps
Step 1 − Determine the column (positional) value of each digit (this depends on the position
of the digit and the base of the number system).
Step 2 − Multiply the obtained column values (in Step 1) by the digits in the corresponding
columns.
Step 3 − Sum the products calculated in Step 2. The total is the equivalent value in decimal.
Binary Number − 111012
Calculating Decimal Equivalent −
Step Binary Number Decimal Number
Step 1 111012 ((1 × 24) + (1 × 23) + (1 × 22) + (0 × 21) + (1 × 20))10
Step 2 111012 (16 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 1)10
Step 3 111012 2910
Binary Number − 111012 = Decimal Number − 2910
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Steps
Step 1 − Convert the original number to a decimal number (base 10).
Step 2 − Convert the decimal number so obtained to the new base number.
Octal Number − 258
Calculating Binary Equivalent −
Step Octal Number Decimal Number
Step 1 258 ((2 × 81) + (5 × 80))10
Step 2 258 (16 + 5 )10
Step 3 258 2110
Octal Number − 258 = Decimal Number − 2110
Step Operation Result Remainder
Step 1 21 / 2 10 1
Step 2 10 / 2 5 0
Step 3 5/2 2 1
Step 4 2/2 1 0
Step 5 1/2 0 1
Decimal Number − 2110 = Binary Number − 101012
Octal Number − 258 = Binary Number − 101012
Steps
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Step 1 − Divide the binary digits into groups of three (starting from the right).
Step 2 − Convert each group of three binary digits to one octal digit.
Binary Number − 101012
Calculating Octal Equivalent −
Step Binary Number Octal Number
Step 1 101012 010 101
Step 2 101012 28 58
Step 3 101012 258
Binary Number − 101012 = Octal Number − 258
Steps
Step 1 − Convert each octal digit to a 3 digit binary number (the octal digits may be treated
as decimal for this conversion).
Step 2 − Combine all the resulting binary groups (of 3 digits each) into a single binary
number.
Octal Number − 258
Calculating Binary Equivalent −
Step Octal Number Binary Number
Step 1 258 210 510
Step 2 258 0102 1012
Step 3 258 0101012
Octal Number − 258 = Binary Number − 101012
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Steps
Step 1 − Divide the binary digits into groups of four (starting from the right).
Step 2 − Convert each group of four binary digits to one hexadecimal symbol.
Binary Number − 101012
Calculating hexadecimal Equivalent −
Step Binary Number Hexadecimal Number
Step 1 101012 0001 0101
Step 2 101012 110 510
Step 3 101012 1516
Binary Number − 101012 = Hexadecimal Number − 1516
Steps
Step 1 − Convert each hexadecimal digit to a 4 digit binary number (the hexadecimal digits
may be treated as decimal for this conversion).
Step 2 − Combine all the resulting binary groups (of 4 digits each) into a single binary
number.
Hexadecimal Number − 1516
Calculating Binary Equivalent −
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Step Hexadecimal Number Binary Number
Step 1 1516 110 510
Step 2 1516 00012 01012
Step 3 1516 000101012
Hexadecimal Number − 1516 = Binary Number − 101012
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