Professional Practice 3 Reviewer

o not needed to complete the building

per se, but they may be necessary
1.1 Pre-Design Services
to complete the project.
What are basic architectural services? • Common Supplemental Services:
o Basic architectural services are the 1. Programming
expected services of a standard 2. Existing facilities survey
architectural contract. 3. Site evaluations and
• The Standard AIA (American Institute of master planning
Architects) Contract breaks basic services 4. Landscape design
into five phases: 5. Interior design
1. Schematic Design 6. Furniture, Fixtures, and
2. Design Development Equipment design (FFE)
3. Construction Documents 7. LEED (Leadership in
4. Bidding & Negotiation Energy and Environment
5. Contract Administration Design) consulting and
(Construction) associated fees
• Most, charging basic service fees are based 8. Energy modeling
on a percentage of the construction cost. 9. Historic preservation and
• Architects calculate their fees based on the assistance with historic tax
project’s size and complexity, which credit applications
determines the time it will take to complete 10. Services provided by
the work and the level of risk involved. specialty consultants.
• In some situations, the client and architect • Additional Services
can negotiate an hourly rate or a fixed sum. o are not known until after the
• Generally, architects charge by the design owner/architect agreement has been
phase. Each phase receives a percentage signed and the project is underway.
based on the number of hours it should take • Charging for Supplemental Services
to complete the work. Ex. At Neumann o Based fees on several factors,
Monson.: including the project’s complexity
1. Schematic Design: 20% and the number of hours it takes to
2. Design Development: complete the service.
20% o Some may include a larger
3. Construction Documents: percentage fee.
30%
The Expanded Role of the Architect in the Built
4. Bidding/negotiating: 5%
Environment
5. Contract Administration:
25% • The Evolving Role of the Architect
o architects must have the skills to
• Supplemental Services of the Architect synthesize, integrate, and
o are services that the owner and coordinate various parts of a
architect are aware of at the time of project into a composite whole,
contracting that go beyond the contributing to an orderly, visually
traditional five phases of pleasing, and sustainable
architectural design. environment.
o are outside the scope of basic
services.
 • Architects maintain a general expertise in all • Scope of pre-design services:
aspects of the profession, maintaining their o Consultation
credibility and ethical responsibility for o Pre-feasibility studies
teaching, mentoring, and training the next o Feasibility studies
generation. o Site selection and analysis
• Specialization in areas like: o Site utilization and land-use studies
1. Planning o Architectural research
2. Regulations o Architectural programming
3. Site Supervision o Space planning
4. Construction o Space management studies
• The growth provides exciting opportunities o Value management
for architects including: o Design brief preparation.
1. strategic planning and o Promotional services
facility programming at • Pre-Design Architecture takes into
predesign stages consideration many of the complex
2. inclusive design underpinnings of a project before the actual
3. sustainable design design of a project even begins. Think of it
4. existing buildings this way: it’s the seemingly “invisible”
(maintenance, life and fire research, details, and information of a
safety upgrades, reuse, proposed project that can cause big rifts in
repurposing, heritage development if not taken into careful
conservation) consideration. Pre-design encompasses
5. urban design and renewal. determining the basics of the project (from
6. new forms of project the building’s purpose and size) to the
delivery, such as minute details (utility access, legal title
integrated issues, zoning, etc.).
7. design processes
8. new technologies and
communication tools
9. globalized practice
• The Architect in Society
o now primarily as a professional
design service provider,
coordinating stakeholders during
building planning, design, and
construction.
o Architects contribute to the built
environment through design and
project coordination, ensuring
value and impact on human activity
and the planet.

Pre-Design Services

• The basic services provided by the Architect

have remained relatively unchanged over the
years. However, the Architect must expand
his services in response to the increasing
demands of his/her Clients.
(1.2) ALLIED SERVICES What is Architectural Interiors?
• is a discipline that involves the
design and construction of indoor
Specialized Allied Services spaces, with an emphasis on
• Architecture may also be defined as maximizing the use of existing
the blending of aesthetics, functions, buildings and creating attractive and
space, materials and its environment functional environments.
resulting from the application of Importance:
various technologies and skills in
different fields. • Create aesthetic appeal and enhance
• Specialized Architectural Services the value of a structure.
deals with specific expertise for • Design a unique brand identity and
further enhancement of the reflect the personality and culture of
architectural interior and exterior the occupants.
components of a project. • Optimize functionality and
• The Architect’s responsibility to man efficiency of space and improve the
and society is to make sure that both quality of life.
the building and its physical • Contribute to sustainability and
environment enhance the lives of environmental responsibility by
people by strictly adhering to using eco-friendly materials and
national and international standards systems.
with regard to public health, safety, • Promote comfort and well-being by
and welfare. considering the psychological and
• The architectural plan and design of emotional needs of the users.
the building properly falls under the
Architectural Interiors can be classified on:
Architect’s Regular Design Services
(SPP Document No. 202). 1. Style
a. The aesthetic and artistic
Design services needed within and outside expression of the interior design,
the building which fall under SAS: which can be influenced by various
factors such as culture, history,
• Architectural Interiors (AI) geography, and personal taste.
• Acoustic Design 2. Function
• Architectural Lighting Layout and Design a. The purpose and use of the interior
• Site Development Planning (SDP) space can vary depending on the
• Site and Physical Planning Services needs and activities of the
(including Master Development Planning, occupants.
Subdivision Planning and Urban Design) 3. Form
• Comprehensive Development Planning a. The shape and configuration of the
• Historic and Cultural Heritage Conservation interior space, which can affect the
and Planning perception and experience of the
users.
• Security Evaluation and Planning
• Building Systems Design Roles of AI Designer:
• Facilities Maintenance Support
• Building Testing and Commissioning 1. Planning
• Building Environmental Certification 2. Creating
• Forensic Architecture 3. Supervising
• Building Appraisal 4. Evaluating
• Structural Conceptualization
• Preliminary Services • Planning is the process of thinking
• Contract Documentation and Review about the activities required to
• Post-Design Services (including achieve a desired goal.
Construction Management Service)
• Dispute Avoidance and Resolution What is Landscape Architecture?
• Architectural Research Methods
• Special Building / Facility Planning and • Landscape architecture is the design of
Design outdoor and indoor spaces that combines
• Building Components art, architecture, engineering, and
• Management of Architectural Practices sociology.
• Landscape architects are in charge of
creating areas that promote human and
environmental health by planning,
developing, and managing built and
natural settings in cities, towns, and etc.
Importance of Landscape Archi.:
• Preservation of the Environment
• Air Purification
• Relief from Hot Weather
• Enhanced Mental Health
Types of Landscape Architecture:
• Urban design
• Public parks
• Gardens and grounds
• Living roofs and roof gardens
• Community gardens
• Cycleways
• Private gardens
• Flood Protection
• Historic preservation and restoration
• Horticultural design aspects of interior
design
• Monuments
Landscape Archi. Elements:
1. Colour
2. Line
3. Form
4. Texture Scale
(1.3) PLANNING SERVICES
• THE NORTH POINT OF THE PROPERTY
• A LISTING OF ANY LEGAL ORDERS THAT
What is Site Planning?
COULD AFFECT THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE
- Site Planning is the part of the Architectural PROPERTY (SUCH AS TREE PROTECTION
process where you organize access to the plot ORDERS OR HISTORICAL DISTRICT RULES)
of land, drainage and gradients, privacy, and
• LOCATIONS OF LANDSCAPE FEATURES LIKE
importantly, the layout of all the structures
TREES OR WATER
planned for the property.
- An Architectural Site Plan is not the same • ROADS SURROUNDING THE PROPERTY
thing as a floor plan. • ACCESS POINTS FOR THE SITE
• PARKING AREAS
Floor Plan – Provide a layout for a single structure. • ANY EXISTING BUILDINGS ON THE SITE THAT
WILL NEED TO BE REMOVED
Site Plan – Show the positioning of every structure
on a parcel. • EXISTING LANDSCAPE FEATURES THAT WILL
NEED TO BE REMOVED
• SERVICE HOOKUPS FOR UTILITIES LIKE
WATER, ELECTRICITY, GAS AND MORE
IMPORTANCE OF SITE PLANNING
• EXTERNAL SOURCES OF LIGHT OR PLANNED
- The Site Plan serves as a common operating SOURCES
picture and project roadmap for the • FENCES AND GATES
development team.

- The main goal in planning a site is to enhance

IMPORTANT SITE PLANNING
the protection of Life, Property, and CONSIDERATIONS
Operations.
- Site Planning is a key part of the planning
process for any property. However, before
you can dive into architectural site planning,
What are Architectural Site Plans used for? you have to consider some important factors
about the area itself and what surrounds it.
- Architectural Site Plans are used for various
early-stage applications in the building
process. Some of the factors you will need to account for
- While they do not establish exactly what the
when planning any site:
structures on the property will look like, Site
Plans do show where the buildings will be
and how big they will be. 1. Natural Factors
- This makes them useful for zoning permit 2. Geology
applications. 3. Topography
4. Hydrography
5. Soil
6. Vegetation
7. Wildlife
What’s Included in an Architectural Site Plan? 8. Climatic Factors
- There are a few pieces of Visual and Textual 9. Cultural Factors
information that need to make an appearance 10. Existing Land Use
on any architectural site plan. These include
the following:

• THE PROJECT’S TITLE

• A CLEAR DEFINITION OF THE TYPE OF
DRAWING THIS IS
• THE ADDRESS OF THE PARCEL OF LAND
• THE SCALE OF THE DRAWING
• THE BOUNDARIES OF THE SITE
• KEY DIMENSIONS OF ITEMS LIKE THE
STRUCTURES ON THE PROPERTY
• LEVELS AND GRADIENTS
What is Subdivision Planning?
- Subdivision Planning refers to the process of 3. UNDIVIDED INTEREST
dividing a large tract of land into smaller lots
or parcels, usually for the purpose of - Undivided Interest Subdivision Planning
residential or commercial development. refers to a type of real property development
where two or more owners hold a single
- This process involves a detailed analysis of ownership interest in all or part of the project.
the land, considering factors such as
Topography, Infrastructure, Environmental - COMMON INTEREST DEVELOPMENTS (CIDS)
Impact, Zoning Regulations, and Community ARE A TYPE OF UNDIVIDED INTEREST
SUBDIVISION PLANNING, WHERE PROPERTY
needs.
OWNERS SHARE COMMON FINANCIAL
OBLIGATIONS, PROPERTY, AND EASEMENT
RIGHTS.

TYPES OF SUBDIVISION PLANNING - CIDS CAN INCLUDE CONDOMINIUMS, CO-OPS,

RETIREMENT COMMUNITIES, AND TIMESHARES.

1. STANDARD
- The Standard Type of Subdivision design
concept is subdivision with no common THE PROCESS OF SUBDIVISION PLANNING
areas.
- No mutual Rights of Ownership among the 1. SURVEY
owners of the lots. - The process of subdivision and site planning
- Every Plot is owned by a single land owner. begins with a survey of the land in question.
- Identifies the boundaries of the property.
- Done by a Surveyor or an Engineer.
2. COMMON INTEREST
- Common Interest Subdivision is the one 2. PLOT PLAN
where the owner has exclusive ownership of - After the survey is complete, A Plot Plan is
a certain plot combined with beneficial use of drawn up.
common area. - It uses the dimensions that the surveyor
- Usually, HOA or Some type of community established and outlines the proposed
organizations manage the common area. subdivision of the land.
For Example, They include a network of
Pedestrian-Friendly Streets and paths that 3. CHANGING ZONING – IF NECESSARY
provide access to the commercial zones located - If the proposed development does not
at the edges of the neighborhood. conform to the existing zoning rules and
regulations, it may be necessary to change the
zoning of the land.
4 MAIN SUBTYPES OF COMMON - Typically involves presenting your proposal
INTEREST SUBDIVISION to the local planning department.

• PLANNED DEVELOPMENTS 4. LAND EVALUATION FOR SUITABILITY

• CONDOMINIUMS - Land Suitability Assessment is a method of
• COMMUNITY APARTMENT PROJECTS evaluating the land where the major limiting
• STOCK COOPERATIVES factors for developing are identified.
- Before the development can proceed, The
land must be evaluated for suitability.

5. SPECIAL CONSIDERATION – IF
NECESSARY
- Modifications may be made to the original
proposal in order to address any issues that
were identified during the land evaluation
process.
- Some parts of your new development may
require special consideration.
URBAN & COMMUNITY DESIGN ACCESSIBILITY AND INCLUSIVITY:
- Urban Design and Community Design are - Urban design strives to create accessible
closely related fields that focus on the environments that cater to the needs of
planning, organization, and development diverse populations, including people with
of spaces where people live, work, and disabilities.
interact. While they share similarities, they - This involves designing public spaces,
also have distinct emphases and scopes. streets, and buildings that are inclusive and
accommodating for everyone.

URBAN DESIGN COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT:

- Urban Design is the shaping of a - Involving the community in the design
community’s physical form in a way that process is crucial.
considers a multiplicity of objectives and - Urban design objectives include fostering
interests through an inclusive, public community engagement to ensure that the
decision-making process. design reflects the aspirations and needs of
the people who live in the area.

URBAN DESIGN PURSUES MULTIPLE CULTURAL PRESERVATION:

OBJECTIVES FOR MULTIPLE CLIENTS
- Urban design often involves preserving and
- A critical, defining aspect of urban design celebrating the cultural heritage of a
that separates it from single-client master community.
planning is that urban design is directed - This can be achieved by integrating historical
toward accomplishing a variety of objectives landmarks, cultural institutions, and public
for all populations in a community. art into the urban fabric.

SAFETY AND SECURITY:

- Creating safe urban environments is a priority
KEY ASPECTS OF URBAN DESIGN in urban design.
- This includes designing well-lit streets, clear
AESTHETIC APPEAL: wayfinding, and incorporating measures to
enhance public safety.
- Enhancing the visual quality of urban spaces
is a fundamental objective of urban design. ECONOMIC VIABILITY:
- This involves creating attractive streetscapes,
public spaces, and buildings that contribute to - Urban design aims to contribute to economic
a city's overall character and identity. vitality by creating spaces that attract
businesses, tourism, and investment.
FUNCTIONALITY AND EFFICIENCY: - Well-designed urban areas can foster
economic growth and create employment
- Urban design seeks to optimize the opportunities.
functionality and efficiency of urban areas.
- This includes designing well-connected ADAPTABILITY AND RESILIENCE:
transportation systems, efficient land use
patterns, and infrastructure that supports the - Considering the ever-changing nature of
needs of the community. cities, urban design should be adaptable and
resilient.
SUSTAINABILITY: - Designing spaces that can accommodate
future growth, technological advancements,
- Urban design aims to promote environmental and unforeseen challenges is a key objective.
sustainability by incorporating green spaces,
energy-efficient buildings, and sustainable HUMAN SCALE:
transportation options.
- It emphasizes the importance of minimizing - Urban design aims to create environments
the environmental impact of urban that are human-scaled and pedestrian-
development. friendly.
- This involves designing streets and public
spaces that prioritize the well-being and
comfort of individuals.
 URBAN DESIGN ADDRESSES THE INCLUSIVITY:
SENSORY ENVIRONMENT
- A well-designed community is inclusive,
- Urban design addresses how people considering the needs of diverse
perceive and use their environment. populations.
- People care about the look, feel, and - This involves providing accessible
livability of their communities, and urban infrastructure, affordable housing
design tools are a planner’s most effective options, and amenities that cater to
tools to address this need. various age groups and socioeconomic
backgrounds

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION:
COMMUNITY DESIGN
- Successful community design often
- Community Design refers to the involves the active participation of
intentional and thoughtful planning, residents.
organization, and development of physical - Engaging the community in the decision-
and social aspects within a community. making process ensures that the design
reflects the needs and preferences of the
people who live there.
KEY ASPECTS OF COMMUNITY DESIGN
SAFETY AND SECURITY:
URBAN PLANNING: - Community design also addresses issues
of safety and security.
- This involves the layout and organization This includes considerations for lighting, pedestrian
of physical spaces within a community, pathways, and the overall layout to create a secure and
considering factors such as land use, comfortable environment
zoning, transportation, and accessibility.
- Well-designed urban planning can
contribute to the efficiency and aesthetic
appeal of a community.

ARCHITECTURE:
- The design of buildings and structures
within a community plays a crucial role in
shaping its identity.
- Thoughtful architectural design can
enhance the overall aesthetic,
functionality, and cultural significance of
a community.

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE:
- Beyond physical structures, community
design also involves creating social spaces
and amenities that facilitate interaction
and community engagement.
- This includes parks, community centers,
schools, and recreational areas.

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY:
- Modern community design places a strong
emphasis on sustainability.
- This involves incorporating eco-friendly
practices, energy-efficient buildings,
green spaces, and waste management
systems to minimize the environmental
impact of the community.
(1.4) ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING • Environmental Assessment
SERVICES • Institutional Admin. Legal Systems
• Feasibility Studies
Why is environmental planning important?
Types of Environmental Planning:
• It weighs the costs and benefits on 1. Land Use Planning:
human society as well as the • Zoning Regulations: Determining
environment in order to find best-case the appropriate land uses for
solutions. different areas to manage
development and protect
What is environmental planning? environmentally sensitive areas.
• Environmental planning is a process that 2. Urban and Regional Planning:
• Sustainable Urban Planning:
evaluates how the social, political,
Designing cities and regions to
economic, and governing factors promote sustainability, considering
involved with new developments might factors such as transportation,
affect the natural environment. infrastructure, and green spaces.
What is Environmental Planning Services? 3. Ecological Planning:
• Ecosystem Management: Planning
• Environmental planning refers to activities that consider the
activities concerned with the ecological health and functioning
of ecosystems, including habitat
management and development of land,
conservation and restoration.
as well as the preservation,
4. Water Resource Planning:
conservation, and rehabilitation of the
• Watershed Management: Planning
human environment. for the sustainable use and
protection of water resources
Environmental Planning Act of 2013 within a specific watershed or river
basin.
• An act of regulating the practice of 5. Climate Action Planning:
environmental planning, repealing • Mitigation and Adaptation
for the purpose pd. 1308 entitled Strategies: Planning for both
“Law Regulating the Environmental reducing greenhouse gas emissions
(mitigation) and adapting to the
Planning Profession in the impacts of climate change
Philippines”, and for other purposes. (adaptation).
6. Transportation Planning:
What does and Environmental Planner do? • Sustainable Transportation:
Planning for transportation systems
• The primary goal of environmental that reduce environmental impacts,
planners is to balance human promote public transit, and
development with environmental encourage non-motorized modes of
transport.
conservation, promoting sustainable
7. Coastal Zone Management:
practices and minimizing negative • Managing Coastal Areas: Planning
impacts on ecosystems. to balance development and
• Environmental planning in the conservation in coastal regions,
considering the unique
Philippines is defined, as the multi- environmental challenges and
disciplinary art and science of. vulnerabilities.
analyzing, specifying, clarifying, 8. Environmental Impact Assessment
harmonizing, managing and (EIA):
regulating the use and development • Assessing Project Impacts:
Evaluating the potential
of land and water resources, in environmental effects of proposed
relation to their environs, for the projects before they are approved
development of sustainable or implemented.
communities and ecosystems. 9. Natural Resource Planning:
• Forestry and Agriculture Planning:
Environmental Planner Services: Balancing the use of natural
resources such as forests and
• Technical Consultation agricultural land to ensure long-
• Technical Advice term sustainability.
• Plan Prep. 10. Energy Planning:
• Capacity Bldg. • Renewable Energy Planning:
• Monitoring and Evaluation Planning for the development and
integration of renewable energy
• Frameworks and Land Use
sources while minimizing
• Planning of Areas environmental impacts.
• Zoning
• Site Dev.
Environmental Planning (Urban & • Recreations
Regional): o Factor for demands:
▪ Population growth
Urban Planning ▪ changing work pattern
• an art and science of ordering ▪ Income
the use of land and siting of ▪ Education
▪ Car ownership
buildings and communication
routes so as to secure the • Roads System
maximum practicable degree o The efficiency of any town is
of economy, convenience, measured by the layout of its
and beauty. roads.
Elements of Urban Planning To sum the principles should be:
• Communications a. Comprehensive
o Roadways o all significant options and
o Railways impacts are considered.
o Waterways b. Efficient
o Airways o The process should not waste
time or money .
• Built-up Area
c. Inclusive
o Residential buildings
o People affected by the plan
o Public/semi-public
have opportunities to be
buildings
involved.
o Commercial buildings
d. Informative
o Industrial buildings
o results are understood by
• Open Areas
stakeholders (people affected
o Recreational:
by a decision).
▪ parks,
e. Integrated
▪ playfields
o Individual, short-term
▪ public spaces
decisions should support
o Open lands:
strategic, long-term goals.
▪ Graveyards
f. Logical
▪ barren lands
o Each step leads to the next.
• Public Utility Servies g. Transparent
o Water Supply o everybody evolved
o Drainage understands how the process
o Telephone operates.
o Electricity
• Public Amenities Concepts of Urban Planning
o Education • It is usually based on the potential of
o Fire Brigade the territory, the role of a city in the
o Health system of population and the Visions
o Refuse Deposits of its prospective size and character.
o Post Office Ex:
o Police Station
• Garden cities
• City beautiful movement
Principles of Urban Planning:
• Parks movements
• Green Belts
o non-development zone on the • Geddislan Traid
periphery of the town. It • Neighborhood planning
prevents the haphazard • Redburn theory
sprawl of the town restricting • Broad Acre city
its size. • Satellite Town
• Housing • Ribbon Development,
• Transportation • Ekistics (Human settlement)
• Public Buildings
• Zoning Regional Planning
o The town should be divided into 1. The instrument through which
suitable zones such as commercial optimal utilization of space and
zone, industrial zone, residential optimal distribution pattern of human
zone, etc. and suitable rules and activities is sought to be brought
regulations should be formed for
the development of each zone. about.
Regional Planners seek to: • Focuses on economic structure of
1. Improve the distribution pattern of an area & its overall economic
human activity. performance.
2. Reduce the disparities between the • Related to resource allocation
rich and poor regions of the country. and distribution.
Ex.: Resource planning by State Economic
According to mackaye regional planning “consists in Planning Unit
the attempt discovering the plans of the nature for the 3. Allocative Regional Planning
attainment of man’s aims upon the earth; it civilizati • Emphasis on conflict solving (in
industry as the servant of culture, and it’s chief
concern is the guidance within a region of the flow of line with policy changes)
civilization.” • Also a control mechanism; based
on functions and Priorities
Goals of Regional Planning: • Controls resource allocation
• Building of the resource base and of when there are changes in
economic opportunity, diversity, and financial/ economic policies
strength. Ex.: New Economic Plan (NEP) and
development of public housing to allow the
• Balance in the economy. low income group have the opportunity to
• Environmental improvement. own a house
• General welfare. 4. Innovative Regional Planning
• Not just look at function and
Intro. To Regional Planning: efficiency, but also involve
• Regional planning was generally improvement to the system
understood to mean natural resource • Renews ideas & allows
planning, and thus its role was changes
confined to determining the ways Ex.: Development of LRT system in Kuala
and means of developing the natural Lumpur to overcome the problem of vehicle
resources of a region. overcrowding or the opening of small
medium industries in the rural areas to
create more job opportunities
Definition of Regional Planning: 5. Indicative Regional Planning
• Regional planning deals with the • Advisory in nature, involve
efficient placement of land use general guidelines
activities, infrastructure and • Introduce basic economic
settlement growth across a larger activities and establish
area of land than an individual city modern facilities throughout
or town. the states;
• Economically improve the
Advantages: less developed states
• Helps local government insure adequate
6. Imperative Regional Planning
services for its citizens; and minimizes
costs for Town funded projects. • Order through Act and
• Establishes and preserves acceptable specific Guidelines
Ex.: Town & Country Planning Act 1974;
land and water use patterns for
Malaysia
agriculture, business, industries,
communities, recreation and highways.
Principles of Regional Planning:
• Assists in preventing premature
urbanization and overcrowding of areas, • The Principle of Vertical
which would result in increased Unity of Phenomena
o All phenomena (both
demands for services and facilities and
physical and cultural) that
the need for higher taxes to support operate in a regional space
these facilities and services. are fully integrated with
each other.
Types of Regional Planning • The Principle of Horizontal
1. Physical Regional Planning Spatial Unity
• Related to the ordering of o Each region constitutes a
space – landuse, subsystem of the whole
infrastructure network, new regional system i.e.
various regions,
town/ settlement constituting regional space
• A basis for development for planning process, do
control mechanism not exist in isolation from
Ex: Planning of a new town by Urban each other, instead they
Development Agency (UDA) exist in integration with
2. Economic Regional Planning each other as part of the
regional system whole.
 • The Principle of Space-time • Create and maintain a quality region-
Continuum wide health care system
o A region is a living • Minimize public sector budgetary waste
dynamic entity that and balance budgets
operates simultaneously in
the past, present, and Ex. Of Infrastructure improvements
future like the human
body's DNA. The regional
included in regional planning:
planner must, therefore, 1. Transportation
recognize the fact that 2. Utilities
regional space is 3. Communication Networks
continuously growing as 4. Public Facilities
an organic whole.
5. Environmental Infrastructure
• The Principle of 6. Economic Development
Comprehensive Development
o It seeks the development
of all sectors of the
economy along with
advancement of all
segments of society.
• The Principle of Community
Development
o The entire community is
considered as an organic
whole. It is only through
equal opportunities to
each individual
(education, health and
employment) that the
whole society can be
developed into community
with the sense of
belonging to each other.
• The Principle of Equilibrium
between Social Desirability
and Economic Viability
o The regional planner has
to maintain a balance
between what is socially
desirable and what is
economically viable.
• The Principle of Ecological
Equilibrium
o The regional planning
should make the ecology
and environment
sustainable.

Objectives of Regional Planning

• Achieve effective land use planning on
regional level.
• Promote affordable housing of all types
on regional scale.
• Assure regional renewal in all inner-city
areas.
• Reduce air and water pollution as
needed. Conserve water.
• Minimize freeway expansion through
promoting key major street
improvements.
• Maximize mass transit expansion
throughout region
• To achieve quality education on all
levels and to all residents
• Assure appropriate job creation and job
training
• Maximize airport system balance for all
types and sizes throughout region
• Focus on tax base sharing in all forms
 (1.5) STANDARD OF PROFESSIONAL
PRACTICE (SPP) ON POST-CONSTRUCTION
✓ Business Development and Management.
SERVICES
The Architect Shall:

SCOPE OF SERVICES a. Innovate schemes to attain maximum

building occupancy
Building and Facilities Post-Construction
b. Bill the tenants for rentals and utilities
Administration E
(electricity, water, telephone, cable, gas and
other/ related dues).

BUILDING AND FACILITIES

ADMINISTRATION POST-CONSTRUCTION EVALUATION

✓ Building Maintenance. The Architect ✓ Upon the request of the Owner, the
shall: Architect shall:

a. See to it that the building and all the parts

thereof are all in good condition. a. Evaluate the initial design program vs. the
actual use of the facility;
b. Formulate and enforce rules for the proper
use of the building and facility, particularly in b. Determine the effectiveness of the various
the common areas and the emergency/ egress/ building systems and the materials systems in
exit areas. use;

c. Monitor security services, and

c. Assist the proper third parties in evaluating
d. Monitor maintenance and upkeep services. the functional effectiveness of the design and
construction process undertaken, and

✓ Grounds and Landscaping Supervision. d. Study, research, and give solutions to any
The Architect shall: discovered/ emerging/ evolving defects and
failures such as shrinkage, water seepage and
other problems in the building. This is
a. Supervise landscape contractors and referred to as “forensic investigation” of the
gardeners for the proper watering, pruning, building’s systems (Reference Doc 203).
trimming and maintenance of the landscape
(both hardscapes and softscapes);

b. Maintain orderly entrances, exits and parking MANNERS OF PROVIDING SERVICES

areas; and
The Architect may enter into contract with the
c. Maintain streets i.e. road rights-of– way Owner in two possible ways:
(RROWs), walkways, and ramps.

1. Working in a dual capacity as Architect-

✓ Building Equipment Maintenance. The of-record and as Consulting Architect for
Architect shall: post-construction services.

2. Working as Consulting Architect for post-

a. Assist the proper third parties in seeing to it construction services only.
that all equipment (air-conditioning,
sprinkler system, generators, transformers,
telecommunications equipment, etc.) are
METHOD OF COMPENSATION
properly maintained and in good working
condition 1. Percentage of gross rentals, maintenance
and security fees: and/or

2. Monthly salary/fee.
3.