Coaxial wire- a wire consists of a conductor and an insulator
1. Both the conductors are made of copper, inner conductor transmits the data signal.
2. Insulator provides insulation to the conductor, also separates the inner and outer conductor
from one another
3. Mesh- protects from the electromagnetic intereference
4. Plastic wire- provides extra protection to all the layer of the wire.
5. Thicker wire can transmit more data than a thinner one.
Optical fiber-a cylindrical glass that transmits the data. It may not carry electric signals but it carries
light signals. The on-and-off of the optical fiber releases binary code, fiber is used for optical
communication
1. Core-a transparaent wire that transmits the data
2. Cladding-protects from external sources and weather conditions
3. Jacket – protects the fiber from damage.
Optical fiber transmits light signals instead of electric signals
Two types of optical- signle mode fiber and multi-mode fiber
For long distance use single mode optical fiber, single mode optic ffibers have small core.
For short distance use multi-mode optical fiber, multi mode fibers have longer cores.
Advantages of optical fiber
They do not cause electromagnetic interference as they use light signal.
They can carry more information than a wire.
They are highly secure.
Thinner and light-weighted
Optical fibers are ideally suited for carrying digital information
Disadvantages-
-fragile
-costly
-broken optical fiber isn’t fixed easily.
-high installation cost.
The radio transmission
Radio transmission is the process of sending information or signal through radio weave. Radio
weaves refers to the electromagnetic radiation that carries an information through the air.
Also known as radio frequency. No cables or wires used.
Information, such as voice, music, or data are first converted into electronic signals and are
transmitted and send by air through antenna
A communication process in which the information is send to and received from setallite around the
earth is known as Satellite Transmission
Computer Networks-the interconnected computers on network used to share information is called
computer network – which are classified into 3 categories 1) LAN (Local area network) 2) MAN
(metropolitan area network) 3) wide area network. These three categories are distinguished based
on
1) Size of the network
2) Transmission technology
3) Network topology
Size-the size or area over which the network is covered. Transmission technology is the
media which connects the computers. Network technology is the arrangements of computer
of the network.
Lan- a network spread over a relatively small area like building, home, campus, offices etc.
-they’re privately owned networks
- they’re mostly used by individuals to share the data privately
- they’re connected through wires
- they’re high speed, fast network.
- they’re easy to install.’
- they’re easy to use
Man- they’re a type of network , made up of multiple LAN’s
They’re a type of network spread over cities.
-they’re connected from pointer to pointer.
-they’re fast
-they are not easy to install.
-they aree the type pf network owned by organizations like schools, hospitals, government
agencies etc.
-the area over which the network is spread is large.
-they use coaxial or fiber cables.
Wan-wide area network is the type of network which consists of multiple LAN’s and MAN’s
-wan is spread over cities, continents and countries
-they’re faster than lan and man.
-data is sharred through air, telephone lines or satellite.
-they’re owned by government.
s
