Production System
Design
Presented by
Marynnah Daniela Clavio
Paula Therese Riego
01
Production System
A Production System is the specific
combination of productive resources
(capital, labor, and materials)
used to produce the desired product
or services.
WHAT IS THE PRODUCTION SYSTEM?
02
Introduction
What does product and
services design do?
The various activities and responsibilities of
product and service design include the following
(functional interactions are shown in
parentheses):
● Translate customer wants and needs into
product and service requirements
(marketing, operations)
● Refine existing products and services
(marketing)
● Develop new products and/or services
(marketing, operations)
What does product and
services design do?
● Formulate quality goals (marketing,
operations)
● Formulate cost targets (accounting,
finance, operations)
● Construct and test prototypes (operations,
marketing, engineering)
● Document specifications
● Translate product and service
specifications into process specifications
Reasons for Product and
Service or Redesign
Economic Social and Political,
Demographic Liability,
or Legal
Competitive Cost or Technological
Availability
03
Idea Generation
Idea Generation
Reverse Engineering
Dismantling and inspecting a
competitor’s product to discover product
improvements. Research and Development
(R&D)
Organized efforts to increase scientific
knowledge of product innovation.
- Basic Research
- Applied Research
- Development
04
Legal and Ethical
Considerations
Legal and
Ethical
Consideration
Designers must be careful to take into account a
wide array of legal and ethical considerations. If
there is potential to harm the environment, then
those issues also become important.
Product
Liability
The responsibility of a
manufacturer for any injuries
or damages caused by a
faulty product.
Uniform
Commercial Code
A product must be
suitable for its purpose.
Human Factors Cultural Global Product and
Human factor issues Factors Service Design
often arise in the design Product design in
Organizations that operate
of consumer products. companies that operate
globally are discovering
globally also must take
advantages in global product
into account any cultural
design, which uses the
differences of different
combined efforts of a team of
countries or regions
designers who work in different
relates to the products
countries and even on different
continents.
05
Environmental Factors:
Sustainability
Products and service design is a focal point in
the quest for sustainability.
Cradle-to-Grave Assessment
The assessment of the environmental impact of a
product or service throughout its useful life.
End-of-Life Programs
End-of-Life (EOL) programs deal with products
that have reached the end of their useful life.
The Three Rs:
Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle
Reduce: Value Reuse:
Recycle
Analysis Remanufacturing
Value Analysis is the Remanufacturing is Recycling is recovering
examination of the refurbishing used materials for future use.
function of parts and products by replacing
materials in an effort to worn-out or defective Companies recycle for
reduce cost and/or components. a variety of reasons,
improve product including;
performance. 1. Cost Saving
2. Environment
Concerns
3. Environmental
Regulations
Design for
Disassembly (DFD)
Design so that used products can be
easily taken apart.
Reuse & Recycle
Design for
Recycling (DFR)
Design that facilitates the recovery of
materials and components in used
products to reuse.
06
Other Design
Considerations
Strategies for Product
or Service Life Stages
Product Life
Cycle Management
Product Life Cycle Management (PLM) is
a systematic approach to managing the
series of changes a product goes through,
from its conception to its end-of-life.
Degree of
Standardization
Standardization is the extent to which a
product, service, or process lacks variety.
Designing for Mass Customization
Mass Delayed
Modular Design
Customization Differentiation
A strategy of producing A form of standardization in
The process of producing, but not
basically standardized which component parts are
quite completing, a product or
goods, but incorporating grouped into modules that
service until customer
some degree of are easily replaced or
preferences are known.
customization. interchanged.
Reliability
Normal
Reliability Failure Operating
Conditions
The ability of a product, part,
Situation in which a product, The set of conditions under
or system to perform its
part, or system does not which an item’s reliability is
intended function under a
perform as intended. specified.
prescribed set of conditions.
Robust Design
Design that result in products or services that can
function over a broad range of conditions
Quality Function
Deployment (QFD)
An approach that integrates the “voice of the customer” into
both product and service development.
The Kano Model
A theory of product and service design developed by Dr.
Noriaki Kano, Japanese professor.
Offered a perspective on customer perceptions of quality
different from traditional view that “more is better”.
07
Phases in Product
Design & Development
Phases Description
Entails market analysis, economic analysis, and
Feasibility Analysis
technical analysis.
Involves detailed description of what is needed to meet
Product specifications
(or exceed) customer wants
Attention turns to specifications for the process that will
Process Specifications
be needed to produce the product
One (or a few) units are made to see if there are any
Prototype development
problems with the product or process specifications
Phases Description
Any necessary changes are made or the project is
Design review
abandoned.
Market test Used to determine the extent of consumer acceptance.
The new product is promoted. This phase is handled by
Product introduction
marketing.
Follow up evaluation Changes may be made or forecasts refined.
08
Designing for
Production
Concurrent Engineering Computer-Aided Design
(CAD)
Bringing engineering design
and manufacturing personnel Product design using computer
together early in the design graphics.
phase.
Production Requirement
> Design for manufacturing (DFM)- used to indicate the designing of products
that are compatible with an organization’s capabilities.
> Design for Assembly (DFA) - Design that focuses on reducing the number of
parts in a product and on assembly methods and sequence.
> Manufacturability - Capability of an organization to produce an item at an
acceptable profit.
09
Service Design
Service An act, something that is done to or for a
customer
Service delivery The facilities, processes, and skills needed to
system provide a service
Product bundle The combination of goods and services provided
to a customer
Service design involves;
Service Design ● Physical resources needed
● Goods that are purchased or
consumed by the customer
● Explicit services
● Implicit services
Physical resources needed to perform the service, the
Service Package accompanying goods, and explicit and implicit services
included.
Differences Between Product &
Service Design
● Tangible- intangible ● Have low barrier to entry
● Services created and delivered at the same time ● Location important to
● Cannot be inventoried service
● Highly visible to customers
Phases in Service Design Process
Translate
performance
Identify service specifications into
package design
components specifications
Determine Translate design
Conceptualize performance specification
specifications into delivery
specifications
Characteristics of Well Challenges of Service
Designed Service Systems Design
1. Consistent with the organization
mission 1. Variable requirements
2. User friendly 2. Difficult to describe
3. Robust
4. Easy to sustain 3. High customer contact
5. Cost effective 4. Service-customer encounter
6. Value to customers
7. Effective linkages between back
operations
8. Single unifying theme
9. Ensure reliability and high quality
Thank you!
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