CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND IT’S BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

` In the realm of education, the pursuit of academic

excellence has always been a paramount concern. Among the

numerous factors that influence students' academic performance,

sleep patterns have recently emerged as a significant area of

investigation (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).

However, the quality of education in the country has faced

challenges, with a discernible decline in recent years.

Understanding the factors affecting academic performance,

including sleep patterns, is vital for enhancing the educational

outcomes of senior high school students.

Moreover, In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in

understanding the intricate relationship between sleep patterns

and academic performance. Researchers have embarked on

investigations that seek to elucidate how sleep quantity, sleep

quality, and sleep consistency impact students' cognitive

functioning, memory retention, and problem-solving abilities

(Dewald et al., 2010; Gruber et al., 2014). Such research has

aimed to quantify the extent to which poor sleep habits may

hinder academic progress, leading to lower test scores, reduced

classroom engagement, and an increased risk of academic

underachievement (Wolfson and Carskadon, 2003; Zhang et al.,

2021).

Sleep is an essential component of human well-being, and its

importance extends to the academic domain. Research has shown

that sleep patterns can have a profound impact on cognitive

functions, concentration, and memory retention (Hirshkowitz et

al., 2015). As such, it is crucial to investigate how different

sleep patterns influence the academic performance of senior high

school students.

A growing body of research has illuminated the intricate

relationship between sleep patterns and academic performance,

suggesting that the quantity and quality of sleep can

significantly impact a student's ability to learn, think, and

excel in their studies (Dewald et al., 2010; Gruber et al.,

2014).
On the other hand, this study seeks to fill a critical knowledge

gap by examining the relationship between the sleep patterns of

senior high school students and their academic achievements. By

delving into this connection, we aim to shed light on the

potential factors that affect the educational journey of these

students. This research has the potential to inform educators,

parents, and policymakers, empowering them to make informed

decisions to support and enhance the academic experiences of

senior high school students in the Philippines.

Furthermore, by investigating the role of sleep patterns in

academic performance, this study not only contributes to the

existing body of knowledge but also addresses a pressing concern

in the context of senior high school education. The findings may

pave the way for strategies and interventions that promote better

sleep habits, ultimately leading to improved academic outcomes

for senior high school students (Hirshkowitz et al., 2015).

According to .( Jalali, R., Khazaei, H., Paveh, B. K., Hayrani,

Z., & Menati, L. (2020).Sleep is an inseparable part of human

health and life, which is crucial in learning, practice, as well

as physical and mental health. It affects the capacity of

individual learning, academic performance, and neural-behavioral

functions.

Sleep is an essential component of human life, and it plays a

crucial role in maintaining physical and mental health. However,

many students, especially senior high school students, do not get

enough sleep due to various reasons such as academic workload,

social media, and extracurricular activities. Previous studies

have shown that poor sleep patterns can negatively affect

academic performance among students. Therefore, it is important

to investigate the link between sleep patterns and academic

performance among senior high school students.

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 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

1. Profile of the
respondents in terms of
the following
i. Age
ii. Sex
iii. Parents’
occupation
iv. academic track?
v. Monthly family
income

[2.]
2. Factors
Factors
affecting
affecting ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
sleep patterns

[3.]
3. What
What
areare
thethe
sleep
sleep
patterns of the
respondents in terms
of the following
a. Duration
[a.] Duration
b. QualityG
[b.] QualityG
[Link]
Figure [Link] Paradigm of the study showing the relationship
between the independent and dependent variables
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The specific problem that this research aims to address is to

determine the relationship between sleep patterns and the

academic performance of senior high school students. The research

will investigate the following research questions:

1. What is the profile of the Senior High School students in

terms of the following variables?

a. Age

b. Sex

c. Parents’ occupation

d. academic track?

e . Monthly family income

2. What are the factors influencing the sleep patterns of the

students, in terms of following variables?

a. stress

b. sleep disorders
c. sleep environment

d. sleep schedule

e. mental health issues

f. jet lag

g. caffeine and alcohol

3. What are the sleep patterns of senior high school students in

Camalaniugan National High School in terms of;

[Link]

[Link],

[Link]?

4. What is the academic performance of senior high school

students?

5. Is there a significant relationship between sleep patterns and

the academic performance of senior high school students?

 Hypotheses

1. There is no significant relationship between sleep patterns

and the academic performance of senior high school students?

2. There is a significant relationship between sleep patterns and

the academic performance of senior high school students?

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study of linking sleep patterns on the academic performance

of Senior High School Students(grade 12) at Camalaniugan National

High School is significant for several reasons.

First, it can provide valuable insights into the sleep habits

and behaviors of the students, and how they affect their academic

outcomes. Second, it can identify the factors that influence the

quality and quantity of sleep among the students. Third, it can

suggest possible interventions or recommendations to improve the

sleep quality and academic performance of the students, such as

adjusting their bedtime routines, creating a conducive sleeping

environment, and promoting healthy sleep hygiene. Fourth, it can

benefit not only the students, but also the teachers, parents,

school administrators, and policymakers, who can use the findings

of the study to support the well-being and learning of the

students. Teachers, parents, and school administrators by

providing them with valuable insights and practical suggestions

on how to optimize the sleep and academic performance of Senior

High School Students. The study may also contribute to the

existing literature on the relationship between sleep and

academic performance and provide a basis for further research on

this topic.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

The scope of this study is to examine the link between sleep

patterns and academic performance of senior high school students

in Camalaniugan National High School. The study will use a

quantitative approach, following the method of Toscano-Hermoso et

al. (2020) who investigated the influence of sleeping patterns in

health and academic performance

The delimitation of this study is that it will only focus on

grade 12 students from Camalaniugan National High School, who are

enrolled in the academic year 2023-2024. study will also limit

its timeline from August 2023 to January 2024, which is the

duration of the first semester.

 Definition of terms

Age- refers to the number of years that a student lives.

Academic performance- refers to the measure of how well a student

achieves the learning objectives.

Consistency of sleep- refers to the regularity and consistency of

sleep patterns.

Duration of sleep- refers to the numbers of hours of a sleep

typically on a nightly basis.

Senior High School Students- refers to the students who are

enrolled in the last two years of secondary education, typically

from grades 11 to 12

Sex- refers to a biological identity between, either male or

female.

Sleep patterns: The habits and behaviors related to sleep, such

as the duration, quality, and consistency of sleep.

Quality of sleep- refers to the measurement of how well you

sleep, either good sleep quality or poor sleep quality

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