HUMAN EVOLUTION
According to (byjus.com), they explained that “These are
deemed to be the ancestors of both man and apes. They lived in
Dryopithecus
China, Africa, Europe and India. The genus Dryopithecus refers to
the oak wood apes. When Dryopithecus was alive, the tropical
lowlands which it inhabited were densely forested, so the
members could have predominantly been herbivores.” To help
them survive, they had to migrate with their preferred ecological
zones to Africa. To add further more, their fossils were found in
Miocene and Pliocene deposits from 23 to 2.6 milllion years old!
They have many different shapes and sizes! As we know small,
medium and Large, gorilla sized animals.
Similarities between Dyropithecus
and Ramapithecus
according to
(https://www.vedantu.com/animal/d
ryopithecus)
Ramapithecus
From the source (Britannica) they stated how the Ramapithecus were in a group of
mammals, which included humans, apes, and others! The Ramapithecus is known only from a
few fossil fragments that have been dated to about 14 million years ago. According to
(textbook.com), they explained their features!
They were hominins, early relatives of humans in the evolutionary tree.
Fossils show they had small brains and large jaw bones like apes.
Their teeth and skulls suggest they primarily ate fruit and other soft plant foods.
Ramapithecus walked upright on two feet like early humans.
The environment in which Ramapithecus lived may have been one of tropical forests
interspersed with broad rivers and tree savanna
Australopithecus
“Australopithecus is an extinct species of Australopithecine which lived about 3.9-2.9
million years ago in the Pliocene of East Africa.” -wiki
Australopithecus species had hands that were well suited for the controlled
manipulation of objects in technology.
Their genetics were adaptations for tree climbing, a small brain, and a long jaw. Their
reproduction is in the Southern Ape.
Their famous specimen fossil of the Australopithecus is “Lucy” a remarkably
preservered fossilised skeleton from Ethiopia. Including, having a combination of
human like and ape like traits!
Homo Erectus
Byjus, had a good explanation about Homo Erctus, they said “ The Homo Erectus evolved into Homo
Sapiens. During evolution, two sub species of Homo Sapiens were identified, Homo sapien Neanderthal
and Homo sapiens. The cranial capacity of Neanderthal grew from 1200 to 1600 cc. Some small hand axes
had also been discovered. This species of hominids could hunt big names such as mammoths. “To add
more, nhm.ac said ”H. erectus is the oldest known species to have a human-like body, with relatively
elongated legs and shorter arms in comparison to its torso.”
Homo Sapiens Neanderthalensis
According to Smithsonians, they said “Neanderthals are known to contribute up to 1-4% of the
genomes of non-African modern humans, depending on what region of the word your
ancestors come from, and modern humans who lived about 40,000 years ago have been found
to have up to 6-9% Neanderthal DNA” Also, they included: “Neanderthal 1 was the first
specimen to be recognized as an early human fossil. When it was discovered in 1856 in
Germany, scientists had never seen a specimen like it: the oval shaped skull with a low, receding
forehead and distinct browridges, the thick, strong bones. In 1864, it became the first fossil
hominin species to be named. Geologist William King suggested the name Homo
neanderthalensis. Several years after Neanderthal 1 was discovered, scientists realised that
prior fossil discoveries. Even though they weren’t recognized at the time, these two earlier
discoveries were actually the first early human fossils ever found.” In my own words,
Neanderthals developed and used a diverse collection of complex tools, regulated fire, lived in
shelters, made and wore clothes, were skilled hunters of large animals and also ate plant foods,
and occasionally made symbolic or beautiful artifacts.
Homo Sapiens Sapiens
The remains of Homo Sapiens were first discovered in Europe and were named Cro-
Magnon. In these, the jaws are quite reduced, the modern man’s chin appeared, and the
skull was rounded. Their cranial capacity was about 1350 cc. They gathered food through
hunting. Art first appeared during this time.Homo sapiens Body size and shape
These body proportions are an adaptation for surviving in tropical regions due to the
greater proportion of skin surface available for cooling the body. More stocky builds
gradually evolved when populations spread to cooler regions, as an adaptation that helped
the body retain heat. According to the Australian museum, they said “Fossils of modern
Homo sapiens have been found in Africa and in many other sites across much of the world.
“The H. sapiens sapiens skull is smaller and more compact and the face is much less
elongated than the Neanderthal.
Resources that I used!
https://byjus.com/biology/evolution-by-stages/
Ramapithecus - Students | Britannica Kids | Homework Help
https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwizt_maqdqDAxVN7AIHHUUxDkMQFn
oECAsQAw&url=http%3A
Made by: Lamar Bakhshwin
Block: A
