The City School

Academic Year 2023-2024

Subject Name: Physics (0625)
Syllabus Breakup Class 9
Term I
Topic Sub Topics Learning Objectives week

1. Motion, 1.1 Physical 1 Describe the use of rulers and measuring 2 weeks
forces and quantities and cylinders to find a length or a volume
energy measurement 2 Describe how to measure a variety of time
techniques intervals using clocks and digital timers
3 Determine an average value for a small
distance and for a short interval of time by
measuring multiples (including the period of
oscillation of a pendulum)
Supplement
4 Understand that a scalar quantity has
magnitude (size) only and that a vector quantity
has magnitude and direction
5 Know that the following quantities are
scalars: distance, speed, time, mass, energy and
temperature
6 Know that the following quantities are
vectors: force, weight, velocity, acceleration,
momentum, electric field strength and gravitational
field strength
7 Determine, by calculation or graphically, the
resultant of two vectors at right angles, limited to
forces or velocities only

4 weeks
1.2 Motion 1 Define speed as distance travelled per unit
time; recall and use the equation
v = s/ t
2 Define velocity as speed in a given direction
3 Recall and use the equation
average speed = total distance travelled/
total time taken
4 Sketch, plot and interpret distance–time
and speed–time graphs
5 Determine, qualitatively, from given data or
the shape of a distance–time graph or speed–time
graph when an object is:
(a) at rest
(b) moving with constant speed
(c) accelerating
(d) decelerating
6 Calculate speed from the gradient of a
straight- line section of a distance–time graph
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 7 Calculate the area under a speed–time
graph to determine the distance travelled for
motion with constant speed or constant
acceleration
8 State that the acceleration of free fall g for
an object near to the surface of the Earth is
approximately constant and is approximately
9.8 m/s2
9 Define acceleration as change in velocity
per unit time; recall and use the equation
a = Δv/Δt
10 Determine from given data or the shape of
a speed–time graph when an object is moving with:
(a) constant acceleration
(b) changing acceleration
11 Calculate acceleration from the gradient of
a speed–time graph
12 Know that a deceleration is a negative
acceleration and use this in calculations
13 Describe the motion of objects falling in a
uniform gravitational field with and without air/
liquid resistance (including reference to terminal
velocity)

1.3 Mass and 1 State that mass is a measure of the quantity 1 week
weight of matter in an object at rest relative to the
observer
2 State that weight is a gravitational force on
an object that has mass
3 Define gravitational field strength as force
per unit mass; recall and use the equation
g = W/m
and know that this is equivalent to the acceleration
of free fall
4 Know that weights (and masses) may be
compared using a balance
5 Describe, and use the concept of, weight as
the effect of a gravitational field on a mass

1.4 Density 1 Define density as mass per unit volume; 1 week

recall and use the equation
ρ = m/V
2 Describe how to determine the density of a
liquid, of a regularly shaped solid and of an
irregularly shaped solid which sinks in a liquid
(volume by displacement), including appropriate
calculations
3 Determine whether an object floats based
on density data
4 Determine whether one liquid will float on
another liquid based on density data given that the
liquids do not mix

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 1.5 Forces 1.5.1 Effects of forces 4 weeks

1 Know that forces may produce changes in

the size and shape of an object

2 Sketch, plot and interpret load–extension

graphs for an elastic solid and describe the
associated experimental procedures

3 Determine the resultant of two or more

forces acting along the same straight line

4 Know that an object either remains at rest

or continues in a straight line at constant speed
unless acted on by a resultant force
5 State that a resultant force may change the
velocity of an object by changing its direction of
motion or its speed
6 Describe solid friction as the force between
two surfaces that may impede motion and produce
heating
7 Know that friction (drag) acts on an object
moving through a liquid
8 Know that friction (drag) acts on an object
moving through a gas (e.g. air resistance)9 Define
the spring constant as force per unit extension;
recall and use the equation
k = F/x
10 Define and use the term ‘limit of
proportionality’ for a load–extension graph and
identify this point on the graph (an understanding
of the elastic limit is not required)
11 Recall and use the equation F = ma and
know that the force and the acceleration are in the
same direction
12 Describe, qualitatively, motion in a circular
path due to a force perpendicular to the motion as:
(a) speed increases if force increases, with
mass and radius constant
(b) radius decreases if force increases, with
mass and speed constant
(c) an increased mass requires an increased
force to keep speed and radius constant
(F = m𝑣 2 /r is not required)

2 weeks
Revision

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 TERM II
1.5.2 Turning effect of forces

1 Describe the moment of a force as a

measure of its turning effect and give everyday
examples
2 Define the moment of a force as 3 weeks
moment = force × perpendicular distance from the
pivot; recall and use this equation
3 Apply the principle of moments to
situations with one force each side of the pivot,
including balancing of a beam
4 State that, when there is no resultant force
and no resultant moment, an object is in
equilibrium
5 Apply the principle of moments to other
situations, including those with more than one
force each side of the pivot
6 Describe an experiment to demonstrate
that there is no resultant moment on an object in
equilibrium

1.5.3 Centre of gravity

1 week
1 State what is meant by centre of gravity
2 Describe an experiment to determine the
position of the centre of gravity of an irregularly
shaped plane lamina
3 Describe, qualitatively, the effect of the
position of the centre of gravity on the stability of
simple objects

1.6 Momentum 1 Define momentum as mass x velocity; recall 2 weeks

and use the equation
p = mv
2 Define impulse as force x time for which
force acts; recall and use the equation
impulse = FΔt = Δ(mv)
3 Apply the principle of the conservation of
momentum to solve simple problems in one
dimension
4 Define resultant force as the change in
momentum per unit time; recall and use the
equation
F = Δp/Δt

1.7 Energy, work 1.7.1 Energy

and power
1 State that energy may be stored as kinetic, 3 weeks
gravitational potential, chemical, elastic (strain),
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 nuclear, electrostatic and internal (thermal)
2 Describe how energy is transferred between
stores during events and processes, including
examples of transfer by forces (mechanical work
done), electrical currents (electrical work done),
heating, and by electromagnetic, sound and other
waves
3 Know the principle of the conservation of
energy and apply this principle to simple examples
including the interpretation of simple flow diagrams
4 Recall and use the equation for kinetic
energy
𝐸𝑘 = 1/2m𝑣 2
5 Recall and use the equation for the change in
gravitational potential energy
ΔEp = mgΔh
6 Know the principle of the conservation of
energy and apply this principle to complex
examples involving multiple stages, including the
interpretation of Sankey diagrams

1.7.2 Work

1 Understand that mechanical or electrical work

done is equal to the energy transferred
2 Recall and use the equation for mechanical
working
W = Fd = ΔE

1.7.3 Energy resources

1 Describe how useful energy may be

obtained, or electrical power generated, from:
(a) chemical energy stored in fossil fuels
(b) chemical energy stored in biofuels
(c) water, including the energy stored in waves,
in tides, and in water behind hydroelectric dams
(d) geothermal resources
(e) nuclear fuel
(f) light from the Sun to generate electrical
power (solar cells)
(g) infrared and other electromagnetic waves
from the Sun to heat water (solar panels) and be
the source of wind energy
including references to a boiler, turbine and
generator where they are used
2 Describe advantages and disadvantages of
each method in terms of renewability, availability,
reliability, scale and environmental impact

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 3 Understand, qualitatively, the concept of
efficiency of energy transfer
4 Know that radiation from the Sun is the
main source of energy for all our energy resources
except geothermal, nuclear and tidal
5 Know that energy is released by nuclear
fusion in the Sun
6 Know that research is being carried out to
investigate how energy released by nuclear fusion
can be used to produce electrical energy on a large
scale
7 Define efficiency as:
(a)
(%) efficiency = (useful energy output)/
(total energy input)
(x 100%)
(b)
(%) efficiency = (useful power output)/
(total power input) (x 100%)
recall and use these equations

1.7.4 Power

1 Define power as work done per unit time and

also as energy transferred per unit time; recall and
use the equations
(a) P = W/t

(b) P = ΔE/T

1.8 Pressure 1 Define pressure as force per unit area; recall 1 week
and use the equation
p = F/A
2 Describe how pressure varies with force and
area in the context of everyday examples
3 Describe, qualitatively, how the pressure
beneath the surface of a liquid changes with depth
and density of the liquid

4 Recall and use the equation for the change

in pressure beneath the surface of a liquid
Δp = ρgΔh

2. Thermal 2.1 Kinetic particle 2.1.1 States of matter 2 weeks

physics model of matter
1 Know the distinguishing properties of solids,
liquids and gases
2 Know the terms for the changes in state
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 between solids, liquids and gases (gas to solid and
solid to gas transfers are not required)

2.1.2 Particle model

1 Describe the particle structure of solids,

liquids and gases in terms of the arrangement,
separation and motion of the particles, and
represent these states using simple particle
diagrams
2 Describe the relationship between the
motion of particles and temperature, including the
idea that there is a lowest possible temperature
(−273 °C), known as absolute zero, where the
particles have least kinetic energy
3 Describe the pressure and the changes in
pressure of a gas in terms of the motion of its
particles and their collisions with a surface
4 Know that the random motion of
microscopic particles in a suspension is evidence
for the kinetic particle model of matter
5 Describe and explain this motion
(sometimes known as Brownian motion) in terms of
random collisions between the microscopic
particles in a suspension and the particles of the
gas or liquid
6 Know that the forces and distances
between particles (atoms, molecules, ions and
electrons) and the motion of the particles affects
the properties of solids, liquids and gases
7 Describe the pressure and the changes in
pressure of a gas in terms of the forces exerted by
particles colliding with surfaces, creating a force
per unit area
8 Know that microscopic particles may be
moved by collisions with light fast-moving
molecules and correctly use the terms atoms or
molecules as distinct from microscopic particles

2.1.3 Gases and the absolute scale of

temperature

1 Describe qualitatively, in terms of particles,

the effect on the pressure of a fixed mass of gas of:
(a) a change of temperature at constant
volume
(b) a change of volume at constant
temperature

2 Convert temperatures between kelvin and

degrees Celsius; recall and use the equation
T (in K) = θ (in °C) + 273
3 Recall and use the equation
pV = constant
for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature,
including a graphical representation of this
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 relationship

2.3 Transfer of
thermal energy
2.3.1 Conduction
3 weeks
Describe experiments to demonstrate the
properties of good thermal conductors and bad
thermal conductors (thermal insulators)
2 Describe thermal conduction in all solids in
terms of atomic or molecular lattice vibrations and
also in terms of the movement of free (delocalised)
electrons in metallic conductors
3 Describe, in terms of particles, why thermal
conduction is bad in gases and most liquids
4 Know that there are many solids that
conduct thermal energy better than thermal
insulators but do so less well than good thermal
conductors

2.3.2 Convection

1 Know that convection is an important

method of thermal energy transfer in liquids and
gases
2 Explain convection in liquids and gases in
terms of density changes and describe experiments
to illustrate convection

2.3.3 Radiation

1 Know that thermal radiation is infrared

radiation and that all objects emit this radiation
2 Know that thermal energy transfer by
thermal radiation does not require a medium
3 Describe the effect of surface colour (black
or white) and texture (dull or shiny) on the
emission, absorption and reflection of infrared
radiation
4 Know that for an object to be at a constant
temperature it needs to transfer energy away from
the object at the same rate that it receives energy
5 Know what happens to an object if the rate
at which it receives energy is less or more than the
rate at which it transfers energy away from the
object
6 Know how the temperature of the Earth is
affected by factors controlling the balance between
incoming radiation and radiation emitted from the
Earth’s surface
7 Describe experiments to distinguish
between good and bad emitters of infrared
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 radiation
8 Describe experiments to distinguish
between good and bad absorbers of infrared
radiation
9 Describe how the rate of emission of
radiation depends on the surface temperature and
surface area of an object

2.3.4 Consequences of thermal energy transfer

1. Explain some of the basic everyday

applications and consequences of conduction,
convection and radiation, including:
(a) heating objects such as kitchen pans
(b) heating a room by convection
2 Explain some of the complex applications
and consequences of conduction, convection and
radiation where more than one type of thermal
energy transfer is significant, including:
(a) a fire burning wood or coal
(b) a radiator in a car

2 weeks
Revision

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