Mi-171Sh

HELICOPTER
 HELICOPTER – GENERAL

1 GENERAL:

Mi-171Sh military-transport helicopter employs a single-rotor configuration with the tail rotor.
Two ТВЗ-117ВМ/ TVЗ-117VМ shaft-turbine engines installed on the helicopter are equipped
with the dust-protection devices (ПЗУ/ PЗU). The helicopter is equipped with the armament
systems and is intended for the delivering combat with the armored equipments as “a tank”
and “a boat”, for the firing-post kill as ДОТ/DOT, ДЗОТ/DЗOT, for the kill hostile in the cover
positions, and for the transportation of the landing forces in number of 34 persons (20 persons
on the landing seats, 4 persons on the seats arranged on the ramp and 10 persons in the
middle line of seats), for the transportation of military cargo (up to 4 t.) both inside of the
cargo cabin and on the external load.

The armament system includes: - uncontrolled missile munitions with the units Б8В20- А/
B8V20-A; - gun armament: gun pods УПК-23-250/UPK-23-250 with the gun ГШ-23Л/ GSh-23L
and with the allowance of ammunition, each pod has 250 cartridges; gun-firing control system
ГШ-23Л/ GSh-23L; collimating sight ПКВ/PKV; pivot mount; Helicopter provides opportunity of
simultaneous and individual firing from weapons of following types: ПК/ PK, РПК/ RPK machine
guns, AKM/ AKM assault rifle.

El helicóptero de transporte militar Mi-171Sh emplea una configuración de un solo rotor con el
rotor de cola. Dos motores de turbina de eje ТВЗ-117ВМ / TVЗ-117VМ instalados en el
helicóptero están equipados con dispositivos de protección contra el polvo (ПЗУ / PЗU). El
helicóptero está equipado con los sistemas de armamento y está destinado a la entrega de
combate con los equipos blindados como "un tanque" y "un barco", para la muerte del poste
de tiro como ДОТ / DOT, ДЗОТ / DЗOT, para la muerte hostil en las posiciones de cobertura, y
para el transporte de las fuerzas de desembarco en número de 34 personas (20 personas en
los asientos de aterrizaje, 4 personas en los asientos dispuestos en la rampa y 10 personas en
la línea media de asientos), para el transporte de militares carga (hasta 4 t.) tanto en el interior
de la cabina de carga como en la carga exterior.

El sistema de armamento incluye: - municiones de misiles no controladas con las unidades

Б8В20- А / B8V20-A; - armamento de armas: vainas de armas УПК-23-250 / UPK-23-250 con la
pistola ГШ-23Л / GSh-23L y con la asignación de municiones, cada cápsula tiene 250 cartuchos;
sistema de control de disparo de armas ГШ-23Л / GSh-23L; mira de colimación ПКВ / PKV;
montaje de pivote; El helicóptero brinda la oportunidad de disparar de manera simultánea e
individual de armas de los siguientes tipos: ПК / PK, ametralladoras РПК / RPK, rifle de asalto
AKM / AKM.

ENGLISH SPANISH
1. Dust-protection devices Dispositivos de protección contra el polvo
2. Armored Equipments Equipos blindados
3. EXternal Load Carga exterior
4. Missile Munitions Municiones de misiles
PKT Kalashnikov tank machine gun from following positions: - sliding door opening; - left blister
№ 2; - left blister № 5; - right blister № 1; - right blister № 2; - right blister № 5; - fuselage nose
section; - escape outlet opening of right cargo door. collimating sight ПКВ/PKV; screen-exhaust
units ЭВУ/ EVU; armour plates for protection of crew team and necessary equipments of the
helicopter; ACO-2B chaff dispenser; Л166В1А infra-red jammer. 2 SHORT DESCRIPTION The
helicopter employs a single-rotor configuration with the tail rotor. It is manufactured in a
transport version. Two TB3-117BM/TV3-117BM shaft-turbine engines installed on the
helicopter are equipped with the dustprotection devices. The helicopter fuselage is an all-
metal semi-monocoque of a variable section. It consists of a nose and central parts, a tail
boom and a tail boom pylon with a restrained aerodynamic control surface. Crew cabin for two
pilots and a flight engineer is arranged in the nose part of the fuselage. The cabin is equipped
with the required instruments, electrical and radio equipment and controls. The crew cabin
has glass panels made of convex stretched organic glass.

Captains’ and co-pilots’ windshields are provided with electrical heaters and windshield
wipers. The inner sides of walls and ceiling of the cabin are covered with heat-insulated
material. Made in the ceiling is an engine access hatch. Cockpit door is located in the web of
attachment frame No. 5H. Cargo compartment is arranged in the central part of the fuselage
and fitted with hinged and easily detachable seats and mooring fittings installed on the cabin
floor. Made in the rear of the cargo compartment is a hatch closed with the cargo door panels
that make up the rear outline of the fuselage. There is an opening with a slide door, five
windows made of organic glass and emergency hatch at the fuselage port side. There are two
emergency hatches with released covers and three windows also made of organic glass at the
starboard. The sides and the ceiling of the cargo compartment are fitted with easily detachable
heat-insulated soundproof panels. The ceiling panel mounts the attachment fittings of the
engines, blower and shock mount on which the gear box is installed. Arranged under the load-
bearing slant panel is a vessel of the service fuel tank. Loading of equipment and cargo into the
helicopter is performed through the rear hatch over the ramps with the cargo doors locked in
the open position. The tail boom is a semi-monologue of a truncated cone shape.

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Inside the upper portion of the tail boom, along frames there are reinforcements for the tail
rotor drive shaft of the transmission. To provide a desired stability and controllability of the
helicopter, a horizontal stabilizer with variable the angle of setting, which is selected on the
ground, is installed on the tail boom. The tail boom pylon is a riveted structure consisting of a
tail rotor pylon and a detachable fairing. The detachable fairing makes a rear contour of the
tail rotor pylon and is an aerodynamic control surface improving the flight stability of the
helicopter. Common cowling protects engines TB3-117BM, main gear-box, blower, panel with
hydraulic units and auxiliary power unit (engine АИ-9В).

The cowling design allows maintenance of the engines, main gear- box and all the accessories
arranged in the upper part of the helicopter in field conditions without using the maintenance
stand. The helicopter landing gear consists of a nose landing gear, two main landing gear and
tail bumper with gasliquid shock struts. The landing gear is non-retractable in flight. It is used
for cushioning the impact force during landing, landing run and takeoff run, as well as for
allowing the helicopter to move on the ground. The tail bumper is intended to protect the tail
rotor against striking the ground and for reducing the tail boom overloads in landing with a
large pitch-down angle. Installed on each main landing gear is one wheel with pneumatic shoe
brakes. Installed on the nose landing gear are two wheels without brake. The nose landing
gear is equipped with a levered castor suspension, which provides better operating conditions
for the shock strut when taxiing on an uneven surface.

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A five-blade main rotor installed on the helicopter provides for creating the lift and thrust
required for flying. Besides, as the swash plate assembly acts on the main rotor blades, the
control of the helicopter with respect to the longitudinal and lateral axes is effected. The
presence of hinged joints on the main rotor hub allows the blades to accomplish flapping
motion with respect to the flapping hinges, oscillatory motion in the plane of rotation with
respect to the drag hinges and to turn the blades in the feathering hinges. The hub is provided
with hydraulic dampers for cushioning the oscillations of the blades with respect to the drag
hinges.

To improve the blade motion stability and the helicopter performance, the hub has a flapping
compensator, which provides variation in the blade angle of setting on flapping. The blades are
equipped with the pneumatic spar failure warning system and anti-icing device. For damping
the oscillations of the main rotor hub, installed on the hub in the plane of rotation is a
vibration damper to reduce the helicopter level of vibration. For counteracting torque reaction
of the main rotor and for providing the flight stability and directional control, use is made of a
three-blade tail rotor with a variable pitch. The tail rotor blades are equipped with the anti-
icing device. The helicopter power plant consists of two TB3-117BM/TV3- 117VM shaft-turbine
engines with free turbines which are connected with one BP-14/VR-14 main gear box and
operate independently which makes it possible, if need be, to carry out a flight with one
operating engine. The engines are installed on the ceiling of the central part of the fuselage
upstream of the main gear box and are arranged symmetrically to the helicopter longitudinal
axis. Installed at the engine inlet are dust-proof devices intended for cleaning the air coming
into the engines of dust and foreign objects in taxiing, taking off and landing. Engines TB3-
117BM have an independent oil system comprising oil tanks, oil coolers, oil pumps (on the
engines), pipelines, chip detectors and drain valves. The oil pump of the engine supplies oil
from the tank into the lines of the internal oil system and transfers used and heated oil over
the pipelines to the air-oil coolers to be coded and then to be supplied over the pipelines to
the oil tank.

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The airborne auxiliary power unit comprising AИ-9B/AI-9V engine serves for: on-board power
supply of the air starting system of engines TB3-117BM on the ground and in flight; power
supply of the helicopter electrical system with the DC voltage in checking the equipment on
the ground; power supply of the helicopter electrical system with the DC voltage in case of
failure of main generators. Engine АИ-9В is installed in the upper part of the fuselage behind
the panel with hydraulic units. It has an independent lubricating, breathing and starting
system, as well as the control and monitoring system. At the top, behind the engines ТВ3-
117ВМ, between the exhaust pipes a ventilation set with the drive from the main gear box is
installed. Air coming from the blower flows through the oil coolers and a part of it gets into the
space of frame № 1К of the cowling, which is a manifold, wherefrom it is piped to the main
gear box units calling for a forced cooling.

The fuel system of the helicopter is intended for the accommodation of a required fuel load on
the helicopter board and for e continuous fuel supply of the main engines, the engine of the
auxiliary power unit and the kerosene combustion heater at all power settings. The fuel is
arranged in three fuel tanks: two external rigid tanks are arranged outside, on the fuselage
sides and one service flexible tank in the container downstream of the main gear box. If need
be to extend the range and endurance of flight, an additional rigid tank can be installed inside
the fuselage. The fuel supply from the external tanks into the service tank is performed by the
fuel pumps installed by one in each tank and from the service tank to the engines, by the pump
installed in the service tank, to the kerosene combustion heater, by the pump installed in the
heater compartment, from the additional tank into the external tanks - by gravity. The
helicopter transmission is intended for changing the rotational speed and for transmission of
the torque from engines TB3-117BM to the main and tail rotors, blower of the air cooling
system and units installed on the main gear box.
The transmission includes main gear box BP-14, intermediate and tail rotor gear boxes,
transmission shafts, braking system and transmission indicating instruments. The main gear
box reduces the rotational speed and transmits the torque from the engines to the main rotor
shaft, tail rotor shaft and ventilation set. Provided in the structure of the main gear box are the
freewheel clutches disconnecting the engine free turbines from the gear box as the main rotor
goes autorotation or one of the engines comes to a stop. Installed on the casing of the gear
box at the hatch providing access to the tail rotor shaft is the main rotor brake. The presence
of the brake minimizes the main rotor rotation stopping time, as well as provides locking of the
transmission at parking.

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The oil system of the main gear box is an independent system. It consists of two air-oil coolers
operating in parallel and pipelines with fittings. In their design, the coolers are similar to the
engines coolers and are assembled with them in two units mounted on the rear web of frame
No. 1K of the cowling. The gearbox pan serves as a vessel for oil. The intermediate gear box
installed on the slant frame of the tail boom pylon is intended for changing the direction of the
tail rotor shaft axis through 45° to match the bend of the tail boom pylon and to transmit the
torque from the main gear box to the tail rotor gear box without changing the rotational
speed.

The tail rotor gear box installed on the flange of the tail boom pylon is intended for the
transmission of rotation from the intermediate gear box to the tractor main rotor along with
reducing the rotational speed. It has a mechanism for changing the main rotor blade pitch,
which is connected with the foot control. Employed in the intermediate and tail rotor gear
boxes is a splash method of lubrication. Installed in the oil systems of the main, intermediate
and tail rotor gear boxes are magnetic plugs for detecting metal chips in oil. Control of the
helicopter is effected by changing the magnitude and direction of the main rotor thrust and
changing the magnitude of the tail rotor thrust.

The longitudinal and lateral control are performed by the control stick which being deflected
by the pilot changes via the swash plate assembly the direction of the resultant thrust of the
main rotor. The directional control is effected by the foot control pedals by changing the tail
rotor blade pitch and, hence, its thrust. For creating the required forces on the control stick
and pedals, as well as for releasing them in a steady flight regime, feel spring mechanisms (trim
actuators) controlled by electromagnetic brakes with the use of buttons on the helicopter
control levers are connected into the longitudinal-lateral and directional control system.

Variation of the main rotor thrust is performed with the help of the (ШАГ-ГАЗ) collective pitch
and throttle control lever by changing the collective pitch of the main rotor and the engine
power setting. Along with the combined control provision is made on the helicopter for a
separate engine control, which makes it possible to test each engine without changing the
main rotor collective pitch. Installed in the helicopter control system are КАУ30Б/КАU-30B end
РА-60Б /RA-60B (КАУ-115АМ/ KAU-115AM) combination control hydraulic actuators operating
according to an irreversible pattern. Installed in the longitudinal control linkage are two
balance weights to avoid low-frequency oscillations of the helicopter and control linkage, as
well as a hydraulic stop to limit the tilt of the swash plate in the longitudinal direction during
helicopter taxiing to avoid touching of the tail boom by the main rotor blades. СПУУ-52/SPUU-
52 Tail rotor maximum pitch limit system is installed in the foot control for automatically
limiting the maximum setting angle of the tail rotor blades as the ambient temperature and
pressure characterizing the air density require. For improving reliability of hinged joints of the
control system employs double locking (in the actuation portion) in the points subject to
disassembly in operation.

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The hydraulic system of the helicopter is designed for supplying operational fluid
АМГ-10/AMG-10 oil to combination control hydraulic actuators КАУ-30Б/КАU-30B end РА-60Б
/RA-60B (КАУ-115АМ/ KAU-115AM), to the hydraulic control cylinder of the friction clutch of
the collective pitch control lever and to the hydraulic cylinder which controls the pitch stop in
the helicopter longitudinal control. The hydraulic system consists of the main and auxiliary
systems. Employed in the hydraulic system is the principle of duplication of the units and
pipelines of the main hydraulic system bу units and pipelines of the auxiliary system but for the
units changing over the combination control hydraulic actuators to the helicopter control from
the autopilot, units engaging the fluid supply to the (ШАГ-ГАЗ) collective pitch control lever
friction clutch hydraulic cylinder, as well as the hydraulic cylinder which controls the pitch stop
in the longitudinal control - these units operate only from the main hydraulic system of the
helicopter.

The auxiliary system cut-in is performed automatically as the pressure in the main hydraulic
system drops. Pumps НШ-39М/NSh-39M of the main and auxiliary systems are installed on the
main gear box drives which provides the proper operation of the hydraulic system upon failure
of the engines and as the helicopter main rotor goes into autorotation mode. The hydraulic
tank divided into two isolated spaces supplies the main and auxiliary systems separately. For
checking the operation of the hydraulic system from the ground hydraulic rig, installed at the
fuselage port side is an on-board panel with four disconnect valves for the connection of hoses
of the ground hydraulic rig. The fluid is supplied into the main and auxiliary systems through
the common filler neck of the tank or is pumped by the ground hydraulic rig through one of
the suction connections on the on-board panel.

The fire extinguishing equipment installed in the helicopter is intended for detection, warning
and suppressing fire in the compartments of engines TB3-117BM, compartment of the main
gear box and fuel service tank, compartment of engine АИ-9В and compartment of the
kerosene heater. The detection of fire and warning of the crew are ensured by electrical fire
detection and warning system ССП-ФК. System ССП-ФК also provides the automatic cut-in of
the fire-fighting facilities of the compartment from which the fire warning signal comes. The
fire detection system consisting of two bottles of УБШ/UBSh type provides the storage of the
fire-extinguishing agent and its distribution between the compartments on fire in two
discharges. The actuation of the main discharge fire extinguisher is performed automatically or
manually whereas of the alternate discharge fire extinguisher - only manually by pressing the
button. The hand fire extinguishers are installed on helicopter: one - in the flight compartment
to the left from pilot in command and the second one - on the cargo (passenger) compartment
(near entrance door) or on the right cargo door.

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________________.

To provide flight safety under icing conditions, the helicopter has an anti-icing system. The
blades of the main rotor and tail rotor, as well as the windshields of the co-pilot and captain
are equipped with electrical thermal anti-icing devices. The engine air intakes have anti-icing
devices of air-thermal effect. The anti-icing system of the dust protection device is a combined
system: air-thermal and electrical thermal ones. The electric heating system is powered with
200 V 400 Hz. The air heating system employs hot air taken from the engines compressors. For
warning on the beginning of icing, installed in the helicopter are CO-121BM/SO-121VM ice
detector and visual ice detector. The anti-icing systems of the rotor and windows are switched
on automatically from the signal from ice detector CO-121BM or manually.

The helicopter pneumatic system is intended for braking of the main landing gear wheels and
charging the wheel tires from the on-board bottles in the field conditions with the help of a
special appliance. The compressed air at a pressure of 4000 to 5000+400 kPa (40 to 50+4
kgf/cm ) is accommodated in two bottles of total capacity of 10 liters. The inner cavities of two
main landing gear struts are used as bottles. With the engines running, the pneumatic system
is charged from the air compressor installed in the main gear box. At the parking area the
pneumatic system is charged through the external charging valve from the ground source.

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