Siemens Energy &

Automation

Siemens Industrial Services

ELECTRICAL ARC FLASH HAZARD STUDY

Technical Support Programs to

Enhance Personnel Safety
 Electrical Arc Flash Hazard Study
Siemens Energy &
Automation
Electrical Arc Flash Hazards

H Produce thermal energy that is released during a fault

and is a function of:
— Available fault current and system voltage
— Distance from fault
— Clearing time of protective device
H May generate higher energy at lower system voltages
H Faults may occur during operations or maintenance
activities performed by plant personnel
H Will likely result in serious injury or death unless
proper procedures and PPE are utilized

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Applicable Regulations

H National Electrical Code NFPA 70 Article 110.16

requires equipment be marked to warn personnel of
arc flash hazards
H NFPA 70E Part II Chapter 2-1.3.3 requires a flash hazard
analysis be performed to protect qualified electrical
personnel
H OSHA 29CFR1910.269(I)(6) discusses appropriate PPE
apparel to protect against arc flash hazards
H Site specific customer safety policies

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Siemens Solutions:
H Calculate arc energy levels at each major equipment location
for a typical working distance
H Determine suitable PPE for qualified personnel at each
analysis point identified for each equipment location
H Calculate flash hazard boundary distances requiring usage of
PPE gear defined above
H Provide documentation listing flash hazard energy values
and boundry distances for each analysis point
H Identify equipment locations that exceed available PPE
ratings
H Recommend possible solutions to system protection or
operational procedures to minimize arc flash hazards

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Customer Benefits

H Reduced risk of employee injury or death due to arc

flash hazards
H Possible revisions to customer system protection to
limit equipment damage
H Provides critical safety information for subcontractors
entering facility
H Possible reduction in workers compensation and
insurance claims

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Customer to Provide

H One line diagram of power delivery system

H Current copy of power system short circuit study and
coordination study
H Single point of contact to establish each analysis point
with our power systems engineer
H Input on typical working distances desired for each
location or default to applicable standards
H Purchase order authorizing Siemens to proceed

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H Sample of Customer Deliverable:

Arc energy calculations

Example Customer Summary of Incident Energy Calculations

2
Incident Energy in cal/cm and Working Distance
Normal Normal Working Arc Flash
March 18, 2004
Voltage Operation Operation Distance Boundary
Location kV J/cm2 cal/cm2 inches feet
12.47 kV Main Switchgear 12.47 129.2 30.9 36.0 84.5
Unit Sub #1 480 V Main Breaker 0.48 474.4 113.4 24.0 43.9
Unit Sub #1 480 V Bus 0.48 55.3 13.2 24.0 10.2
MCC A 0.48 84.1 20.1 12.0 5.6
MCC B 0.48 64.5 15.4 12.0 4.7
Panel 16 0.48 52.5 12.5 12.0 4.2

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H Sample of Customer Deliverable (continued):

Flash hazard label (one per analysis point)

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H Sample of Customer Deliverable (continued):
PPE selection
Protective Clothing Guidelines, from “ Predicting Incident Energy to Better M anage the Electric Arc Hazard on 600-
V Pow er Distribution System s,” Table III, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Jan./Feb. 2000
Proposed Protective Clothing Classes FR Clothing System
Range of Calculated Incident Clothing Total W eight
Energy (cal/cm ²) Class No. Clothing Description, (No. of Layers) (oz/yd²)
0–2 0 Untreated Cotton (1) 4.5 – 7
2-5 1 FR Shirt and Pants (1) 4.5 - 8
5-8 2A Cotton Underw ear plus FR Shirt and Pants (2) 9 - 12
5 - 16 2B FR Underw ear plus FR Shirt and Pants (2) 10 - 14
Cotton Underw ear plus FR Shirt and Pants plus
8 - 25 3 16 - 20
FR Coverall (3)
Cotton Underw ear plus FR Shirt and Pants plus
25 - 40 4 24 - 30
Double Layer Sw itching Coat (4)

Recommendations
Locations with Arc Energy Levels Higher than Available PPE Ratings
Incident Energy
Location (cal/cm²) Possible Solutions
• Enable relay instantaneous functions during work, or
• Open tie breaker, or
13.8 kV Main Switchgear 257 • Install bus differential relaying
4160 V Switchgear MV-4 162 • Reduce upstream protective relay settings
480 V Switchgear #8 394 • Replace transformer prim ary fuses with smaller size

s MCC-F 146 • Retrofit upstream breaker with LSG trip unit

• Install fused switch at transformer prim ary, or
Panel #73 181 • De-energize transform er primary during work
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Siemens Industrial Services

ELECTRICAL ARC FLASH HAZARD STUDY

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