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Chemistry

The document provides information about an A Level Chemistry exam paper. It includes instructions for students on how to complete the exam, which contains multiple choice questions testing knowledge of chemistry topics like the periodic table, acids and bases, and chemical equations. The exam has 12 questions worth 1 mark each and is focused on fundamental chemistry concepts.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
80 views28 pages

Chemistry

The document provides information about an A Level Chemistry exam paper. It includes instructions for students on how to complete the exam, which contains multiple choice questions testing knowledge of chemistry topics like the periodic table, acids and bases, and chemical equations. The exam has 12 questions worth 1 mark each and is focused on fundamental chemistry concepts.

Uploaded by

gyazdani050
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PMT

Oxford Cambridge and RSA

Tuesday 06 October 2020 – Afternoon


A Level Chemistry A
H432/01 Periodic table, elements and physical chemistry
Time allowed: 2 hours 15 minutes
You must have:
* 8 2 4 5 7 2 0 5 0 4 *

• the Data Sheet for Chemistry A


You can use:
• a scientific or graphical calculator
• an HB pencil

* H 4 3 2 0 1 *

Please write clearly in black ink. Do not write in the barcodes.

Centre number Candidate number

First name(s) �

Last name �

INSTRUCTIONS
• Use black ink. You can use an HB pencil, but only for graphs and diagrams.
• Write your answer to each question in the space provided. If you need extra space use
the lined pages at the end of this booklet. The question numbers must be clearly shown.
• Answer all the questions.
• Where appropriate, your answer should be supported with working. Marks might be
given for using a correct method, even if your answer is wrong.

INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 100.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
• Quality of extended response will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk (*).
• This document has 28 pages.

ADVICE
• Read each question carefully before you start your answer.

© OCR 2020 [601/5255/2] OCR is an exempt Charity


DC (ST/JG) 207651/7 R Turn over
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2
SECTION A

You should spend a maximum of 20 minutes on this section.

Write your answer to each question in the box provided.

Answer all the questions.

1 Several students titrate 25.00 cm3 of the same solution of sodium hydroxide, NaOH(aq) with
hydrochloric acid, HCl (aq).

One student obtains a smaller titre than the other students.

Which procedure explains the smaller titre?

A The burette readings are taken from the top of the meniscus instead of the bottom of the
meniscus.

B The conical flask is rinsed with water before carrying out the titration.

C An air bubble is released from the jet of the burette during the titration.

D The pipette is rinsed with water before filling with NaOH(aq).

Your answer [1]

2 Which statement gives the numerical value of the Avogadro constant?

A The number of moles in 12 g of carbon-12.

B The number of electrons lost by 20.05 g of calcium when it reacts with oxygen.

C The number of molecules in 16.0 g of oxygen.

D The number of atoms in 1 mole of chlorine molecules.

Your answer [1]

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3 0.80 g of element X is reacted with 0.40 g of O2 to form an oxide with the formula X2O3.

What is the identity of element X?

A Aluminium

B Titanium

C Germanium

D Molybdenum

Your answer [1]

4 Phosphoric acid is a tribasic acid.

What is the mass of Ca(OH)2 that completely neutralises 100 cm3 of 0.100 mol dm−3 phosphoric
acid?

A 0.49 g

B 0.74 g

C 1.11 g

D 2.22 g

Your answer [1]

5 Which statement about elements in the d block of Period 4 of the periodic table is correct?

A Cr atoms have the electron configuration: 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1.

B Cu+ ions contain an incomplete 3d sub-shell.

C Fe2+ ions contain 3 unpaired electrons.

D Sc forms ions with different oxidation states.

Your answer [1]

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6 The equation for the combustion of C7H8 is shown in the following equation.

C7H8(l) + 9O2(g) 7CO2(g) + 4H2O(l)

Enthalpy changes of formation are shown in the table.

Substance C7H8(l) CO2(g) H2O(l)


∆f H / kJ mol−1 +12 −394 −286

Calculate the enthalpy of combustion, in kJ mol−1, for the hydrocarbon C7H8.

A −3914

B −692

C +692

D +3914

Your answer [1]

7 The diagram represents a Boltzmann distribution curve of molecules at a given temperature.

number of
molecules

energy

Which statement for this Boltzmann distribution curve is correct at a higher temperature?

A The peak increases in height and moves to the left.

B The peak increases in height and moves to the right.

C The peak decreases in height and moves to the left.

D The peak decreases in height and moves to the right.

Your answer [1]

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8 A graph is plotted of ln(k) against 1 /T.
(k = rate constant, T = temperature in K)

The gradient has the numerical value of −55 000.

What is the activation energy, in kJ mol−1?

A +1.5 × 10−7

B +2.22 × 10−6

C +6.62

D +457

Your answer [1]

9 The reversible reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen to form ammonia is shown below.

N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)

In the equilibrium mixture, the partial pressure of N2 is 18.75 MPa and the partial pressure of H2 is
2.50 MPa.
The total pressure is 25 MPa.

What is the value of Kp, in MPa−2?

A 1.2 × 10−4

B 0.048

C 0.075

D 21

Your answer [1]

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10 The equation for the reaction of ICl and H2 is shown below.

2ICl (g) + H2(g) 2HCl (g) + I2(g)

The rate constant k for this reaction is 1.63 × 10−6 dm3 mol−1 s−1.

What is the overall order of the reaction?

A 0

B 1

C 2

D 3

Your answer [1]

11 20 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm−3 hydrochloric acid is added to 10 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm−3 sodium hydroxide.

What is the pH of the resulting mixture?

A 1.00

B 1.18

C 1.30

D 1.48

Your answer [1]

12 Iodide ions, I−(aq), react with MnO4−(aq). The unbalanced equation is shown below.

I−(aq) + MnO4−(aq) + H2O(l) IO−(aq) + MnO2(s) + OH−(aq)

What is the ratio of MnO2(s) to OH−(aq) in the balanced equation?

A 1:3

B 1:2

C 1:1

D 3:2

Your answer [1]

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13 Which statement(s) is/are correct when a catalyst is added to a system in dynamic equilibrium?

1 The rates of the forward and reverse reactions increase by the same amount.

2 The concentrations of the reactants and products do not change.

3 The value of Kc increases.

A 1, 2 and 3

B Only 1 and 2

C Only 2 and 3

D Only 1

Your answer [1]

14 Which statement(s) for Group 2 elements is/are correct?

1 The 2nd ionisation energy of magnesium is greater than the 2nd ionisation energy of
calcium.

2 A strontium ion, Sr2+, contains a total of 6 electrons in s orbitals.

3 The equation for the reaction of barium with water is:


2Ba + 2H2O 2BaOH + H2.

A 1, 2 and 3

B Only 1 and 2

C Only 2 and 3

D Only 1

Your answer [1]

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15 Which statement(s) for the complex ion [Co(NH2CH2CH2NH2)3]2+ is/are correct?

1 It has cis and trans isomers.

2 It has optical isomers.

3 It is six-fold coordination.

A 1, 2 and 3

B Only 1 and 2

C Only 2 and 3

D Only 1

Your answer [1]

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SECTION B

Answer all the questions.

16 This question is about magnesium, bromine and magnesium bromide.

(a) Relative atomic mass is defined as ‘the weighted mean mass compared with 1/12th mass of
carbon-12’.

Explain what is meant by the term weighted mean mass.

...................................................................................................................................................

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(b) (i) Draw a ‘dot-and-cross’ diagram for MgBr2.

Show outer electron shells only.

[2]

(ii) Calculate the total number of ions in 1.74 g of magnesium bromide, MgBr2.

Give your answer to 3 significant figures.

number of ions = ......................................................... [3]

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(c)* Table 16.1 shows some physical properties of magnesium, bromine and magnesium bromide.

Electrical conductivity
Substance Melting point / °C
Solid Liquid
Magnesium 711 Good Good
Bromine −7 Poor Poor
Magnesium bromide 650 Poor Good

Table 16.1

Explain the physical properties shown in Table 16.1 using your knowledge of structure and
bonding. [6]

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Additional answer space if required

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(d) The enthalpy change of hydration of bromide ions can be determined using the enthalpy
changes in Table 16.2.

Enthalpy change Energy / kJ mol−1


1st ionisation energy of magnesium +736
2nd ionisation energy of magnesium +1450
atomisation of bromine +112
atomisation of magnesium +148
electron affinity of bromine −325
formation of magnesium bromide −525
hydration of bromide ion to be calculated
hydration of magnesium ion −1926
solution of magnesium bromide −186

Table 16.2

(i) An incomplete energy cycle based on Table 16.2 is shown below.

On the dotted lines, add the species present, including state symbols.

............................................

Mg2+(g) + 2Br–(g)
Mg+(g) + 2Br(g) + e–

Mg(g) + 2Br(g)

Mg(s) + 2Br(g)

............................................
Mg2+(aq) + 2Br–(g)

MgBr2(s)

Mg2+(aq) + 2Br–(aq)
[2]

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(ii) Using your completed energy cycle in 16(d)(i), calculate the enthalpy change of hydration
of bromide ions.

enthalpy change of hydration = ........................................... kJ mol−1 [2]

(iii) Write the equation for the lattice enthalpy of magnesium bromide and calculate the lattice
enthalpy of magnesium bromide.

Equation ............................................................................................................................

Calculation

lattice enthalpy = ............................................ kJ mol−1 [3]

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17 Methanol, CH3OH, can be made industrially by the reaction of carbon monoxide with hydrogen, as
shown in equilibrium 1.

CO(g) + 2H2(g) CH3OH(g) ∆H = −91 kJ mol−1 Equilibrium 1

(a) Predict the conditions of pressure and temperature that would give the maximum equilibrium
yield of CH3OH in equilibrium 1.

Explain your answer.

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.............................................................................................................................................. [3]

(b) A catalyst is used in the production of methanol in equilibrium 1.

State two ways that the use of catalysts helps chemical companies to make their processes
more sustainable and less harmful to the environment.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[2]

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(c) Standard entropy values are given below.

Substance CO(g) H2(g) CH3OH(g)


Sө / J K−1 mol−1 198 131 238

A chemist proposed producing methanol at 525 K using equilibrium 1.

Explain, with a calculation, whether the production of methanol is feasible at 525 K.

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(d) At 298 K, the free energy change, ∆G, for the production of methanol in equilibrium 1 is
−2.48 × 104 J mol−1.

∆G is linked to Kp by the relationship: ∆G = −RT lnKp.

R = gas constant
T = temperature in K.

Calculate Kp for equilibrium 1 at 298 K.

Give your answer to 3 significant figures.

Kp = .......................... units ...................... [3]

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18 This question is about reactions and uses of the weak acids methanoic acid, HCOOH, and
ethanoic acid, CH3COOH.

(a) A student adds magnesium metal to an aqueous solution of ethanoic acid, CH3COOH.
A redox reaction takes place.

Write the overall equation for this reaction and explain, in terms of oxidation numbers, which
element has been oxidised and which element has been reduced.

Equation ...................................................................................................................................

Oxidation ..................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Reduction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[3]

(b) The Ka values of HCOOH and CH3COOH are shown in Table 18.1.

Weak acid Ka / mol dm−3


HCOOH 1.82 × 10−4
CH3COOH 1.78 × 10−5

Table 18.1

A student adds methanoic acid to ethanoic acid.

An equilibrium is set up containing two acid-base pairs.

Complete the equilibrium and label the conjugate acid-base pairs as A1, B1 and A2, B2.

HCOOH + CH3COOH ..................................... + .....................................

.................... .................... .................... ....................


[2]

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(c) Use Table 18.1 to answer the following questions.

(i) The student measures the pH of CH3COOH(aq) as 2.72.

Show that the concentration of the CH3COOH(aq) is 0.204 mol dm−3.

[2]

(ii) The student plans to make a buffer solution of pH 4.00 from a mixture of CH3COOH(aq)
and sodium ethanoate, CH3COONa(aq).

The student mixes 400 cm3 of 0.204 mol dm−3 CH3COOH(aq) with 600 cm3 of
CH3COONa(aq).

Calculate the concentration of CH3COONa(aq) needed to prepare this buffer solution of


pH 4.00.

concentration = .......................................... mol dm−3 [4]

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19 Standard electrode potentials for four redox systems are shown in Table 19.1.

Redox
Half-equation E ө/ V
system
1 CO2(g) + 2H+(aq) + 2e− HCOOH(aq) −0.11
2 HCOOH(aq) + 2H+(aq) + 2e− HCHO(aq) + H2O(l) −0.03
3 Ag+(aq) + e− Ag(s) +0.80
4 MnO4−(aq) + 8H+(aq) + 5e− Mn2+(aq) + 4H2O(l) +1.51

Table 19.1

(a) A student sets up a standard cell in the laboratory based on redox systems 3 and 4.

Draw a labelled diagram to show how this cell could be set up to measure its standard cell
potential at 298 K.

[3]

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(b) A student warms a mixture of methanal, HCHO, and acidified potassium manganate(VII).

The student observes gas bubbles.

Explain this observation in terms of electrode potentials and equilibria.

Include overall equations in your answer.

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(c) Methanoic acid, HCOOH, can be used in a fuel cell. As with all fuel cells, the fuel (HCOOH) is
supplied at one electrode and the oxidant (oxygen) at the other electrode.

The standard cell potential for this fuel cell is 1.34 V.

The overall reaction is shown below.

HCOOH + ½O2 H2O + CO2

Using the information in Table 19.1, deduce the half-equation for the reaction at the oxygen
electrode, and calculate the standard electrode potential for the oxygen half-cell.

half-equation .............................................................................................................................

standard electrode potential = .................. V


[2]
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20 A student investigates the reaction between ethanoic acid, CH3COOH(l) and methanol, CH3OH(l),
in the presence of an acid catalyst. The equation is shown below.

CH3COOH(l) + CH3OH(l) CH3COOCH3(l) + H2O(l)

(a) The student carries out an experiment to determine the order of reaction with respect to
CH3COOH.

The student uses a large excess of CH3OH. The temperature is kept constant throughout the
experiment.

The student takes a sample from the mixture every 20 minutes, and then determines the
concentration of the ethanoic acid in each sample.

From the experimental results, the student plots the graph below.

5.0
[CH3COOH] /10–3 mol dm–3

4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
time / min

(i) Explain why the student uses a large excess of methanol in this experiment.

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(ii) Use the half-life of this reaction to show that the reaction is first order with respect to
CH3COOH.

Show your working on the graph and below.

...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) Determine the initial rate of reaction.

initial rate = ................................. mol dm−3 min−1 [2]

(b) The student carries out a second experiment to determine the value of Kc for this reaction.

The student mixes 9.6 g of CH3OH with 12.0 g of CH3COOH and adds the acid catalyst.

When the mixture reaches equilibrium, 0.030 mol of CH3COOH remains.

Calculate Kc for this equilibrium.

Kc = ......................................................... [4]

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21 This question is about halogens.

(a) A student adds a solution of bromine in an organic solvent to two test tubes.

The student adds aqueous sodium chloride to one test tube, and aqueous sodium iodide to
the other test tube.

The student shakes the mixtures, allows them to settle, and records the colour of the organic
layer in each mixture.

Sodium halide Colour of organic layer


Sodium chloride orange
Sodium iodide violet

Explain how the student’s results provide evidence for the trend in reactivity of the halogens
down group 17(7) and write an ionic equation for any reaction that takes place.

Use your chemical knowledge to explain the trend in reactivity.

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(b) Chlorine is used in water treatment.

State one benefit and one risk of using chlorine in water treatment.

Benefit ......................................................................................................................................

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Risk ...........................................................................................................................................

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[1]

(c) Compound A contains bromine and fluorine only, and has a boiling point of 41 °C.

1.26 g of compound A is heated to 80 °C.


The volume of gas produced is 0.209 dm3.

Under the conditions used, 1 mol of gas molecules has a volume of 29.0 dm3.

Determine the molecular formula of compound A.

molecular formula = ......................................................... [3]

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22 (a)* B and C are compounds of two different transition elements.

A student carries out test tube reactions on aqueous solutions of B and C.


The observations of the student’s tests are shown below.

Test B(aq) C(aq)


NH3(aq) added dropwise green precipitate D grey-green precipitate E
1
excess NH3(aq) added no further change purple solution F
HNO3(aq) no change no change
2
followed by Ba(NO3)2(aq) white precipitate G no change
HNO3(aq) no change no change
3
followed by AgNO3(aq) no change white precipitate H

Analyse the results to identify B to H, and construct ionic equations for the formation of
products D to H. [6]

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(b) A compound of nickel, J, has the formula (NH4)2 [Ni(SCN)x(NH3)y] and contains SCN− and
NH3 ligands.

The percentage by mass of three of the elements in compound J is shown below:


Ni, 16.26%; S, 35.56%; N, 31.00%.

(i) Calculate the values of x and y in the formula of compound J.

x = ...............................................................

y = ...............................................................
[3]

(ii) Determine the oxidation number of nickel in compound J.

oxidation number: ......................................................... [1]

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(c) Sodium sulfite(IV), Na2SO3, is used as a preservative in some foods.
Food safety legislation allows a maximum of 850 mg Na2SO3 per kg of burger meat.

A chemist determines the amount of Na2SO3 in a sample of burger meat using a


manganate(VII) titration.

Step 1 The Na2SO3 from 525 g of burger meat is extracted to form a solution containing
SO32−(aq) ions.

Step 2 The solution from step 1 is made up to 250.0 cm3 in a volumetric flask with water.
25.0 cm3 of this diluted solution is pipetted into a conical flask.

Step 3 The pipetted solution from step 2 is acidified with dilute sulfuric acid and then
titrated with 0.0100 mol dm−3 potassium manganate(VII), KMnO4.

2MnO4−(aq) + 6H+(aq) + 5SO32−(aq) 2Mn2+(aq) + 3H2O(l) + 5SO42−(aq)

12.60 cm3 of KMnO4(aq) is required to reach the endpoint.

Analyse the results to determine whether the burger meat complies with food safety
legislation.

[5]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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ADDITIONAL ANSWER SPACE

If additional space is required, you should use the following lined page(s). The question number(s)
must be clearly shown in the margin(s).

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Oxford Cambridge and RSA


Copyright Information
OCR is committed to seeking permission to reproduce all third-party content that it uses in its assessment materials. OCR has attempted to identify and contact all copyright holders
whose work is used in this paper. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced in the OCR Copyright
Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download from our public website (www.ocr.org.uk) after the live examination series.
If OCR has unwittingly failed to correctly acknowledge or clear any third-party content in this assessment material, OCR will be happy to correct its mistake at the earliest possible
opportunity.
For queries or further information please contact The OCR Copyright Team, The Triangle Building, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge CB2 8EA.
OCR is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group; Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a
department of the University of Cambridge.

© OCR 2020

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