International Journal of Advances in Nursing Management 5(2): April- June 2017

ISSN 2347-8632 (Print) [Link]

2454-2652 (Online)

RESEARCH ARTICLE

A Study to assess the knowledge regarding infertility among women’s in

selected OBG clinics in order to provide health education in a selected OBG
clinics at Chitradurga, Karnataka
Mrs. Sudharani G Hiremath
Vice - Principal, Shree H. N. Shukla Nursing School, Rajkot, Gujarat
*Corresponding Author E-mail: sudharani110@[Link]

ABSTRACT:
The study was conducted to assess the regarding infertility among women’s. The study was conducted in
selected OBG clinics at Chitradurga, Karnataka. Total samples were 30. The research design of the study was
pre – experimental design one-group pre-test and post-test method was used. The study was conducted at
selected OBG clinics at Chitradurga. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was used. A structured
knowledge questionnaire was used to collect the data from the infertile women before and after the health
education programme on knowledge regarding positive practices to enhance fertility. The reliability of the tool
was confirmed by test-retest method. This study revealed that, in the pre-test out of 30 subjects majority 23
(76.67%) of them had inadequate knowledge with a overall mean score of 8.37 (SD=4.37). But in the post-test
majority of infertile women 20 (66.67%) reported adequate knowledge regarding infertility after the health
education programme with an overall mean score of 16.2 (SD=2.15). Chi- square test was calculated to find out
the association between post–test levels of knowledge regarding infertility among infertility women’s with
selected demographic variables such as age, occupation, socio economic status, educational status, types of
marriage, duration of marriage, types of family, numbers of children, spouse is staying together and history of
any disease. It shows that there is no any significant association between post test levels of knowledge and
demographic variables.

KEY WORDS: Knowledge, Infertility, Health Education.

INTRODUCTION:
“The Miracle of Life
Before you were conceived, I wanted you
Before you were born, I loved you
And before you were here an hour
I would have sacrificed everything for you”

Fertility is an important aspect of life cycle. Every

individual will reproduce their offspring’s in their life
Received on 27.01.2017 Modified on 15.02.2017 cycle. If there is a problem during this reproductive cycle
Accepted on 28.03.2017 © A&V Publications all right reserved
Int. J. Adv. Nur. Management. 2017; 5(2):155-158. that is during conception, pregnancy, labour and after
DOI: 10.5958/2454-2652.2017.00033.6 labour the couples may not have child and it is known as
infertility.
155
 International Journal of Advances in Nursing Management 5(2): April- June 2017

Infertility primarily refers to the biological inability of a

Infertility affects many young couples (estimates are as
person to contribute to conception. Infertility may also high as approximately 1 in 6), and the prevalence is
refer to the state of a woman who is unable to carry a increasing. Data from the Centers for Disease Control
pregnancy to full term. Couples with primary infertility and Prevention (CDC) National Survey of Family
have never been able to conceive, while on the other Growth done back in 1995 showed 6.1 million infertile
hand, secondary infertility is difficulty conceiving after women ages 15 to 44, 9.1 million using infertility
already having conceived. (And either carried the services, and 2.1 million infertile married couples in the
pregnancy to term or had a miscarriage).1 United States. According to a press release from the
National Fertility Association, the data from 2002
There are several factors which may contribute indicates an increase in the number of infertile people in
infertility. Among that 40% are male factors, 40% are the United States to 7.3 [Link] India 2.62/100000
female factors, 10% population due to combined causes population are infertile and in Karnataka 2.1/100000
and 25% are unexplained.2 population are infertile (National Family health survey
(NFHS) oct.2007).5,6
The treatment methods for infertility may be grouped as
medical or complementary and alternative treatments. Awareness about infertility is essential among the
Some methods may be used in concert with other women. There is a need for awareness generation
methods. Other medical techniques such as e.g. programs to educate women, propagation of correct
tuboplasty, assisted hatching, and Preimplantation and messages and also to correct the infertility. 7
genetic diagnosis are available, but there is a significant
increased number of infertility.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
 To identify the level of knowledge regarding
NEED FOR THE STUDY: infertility among infertile women attending OBG
Reproduction plays a significant role in human life. Both clinics.
men and women are equally responsible for reproduction  To evaluate impact of health education regarding
but there is a significant increase day today. 80% of health teaching among infertile women’s.
couples achieve conception of them so desire within one  To determine the degree of association between
year to having regular intercourse with adequate socio-demographic variables and different factors
frequency another 10% will conceive at the end of one associated with infertility.
year, but remaining 10% become infertile. 4

156
 International Journal of Advances in Nursing Management 5(2): April- June 2017

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Planning process
Context evaluation Formulation of objectives
 Inadequate knowledge of infertility to evaluate the
women regarding infertility. effectiveness of health
 Lack of guidance and information education programme

Structuring design
Establishing of content validity of tool, HEP
Input evaluation
and research design  Development of appropriate tool and
health education programme
 Selection of samples
 Establishing research design
 Preparation of tool

Process evaluation Implementing decision

 Conducting pilot study Implementation of HEP/ research
 Assessing knowledge among design
women’s of infertility.
 Pre-test
 HEP
 Post test

Product evaluation

Recycling  Comparation of pre-

decisions test and post test knowledge
 Gain in knowledge in
post test

Included in the study

Not included in the study

Conceptual frame work based on Stufflebeam’s Context, Input, Process and Product evaluation model
(2003)

157
 International Journal of Advances in Nursing Management 5(2): April- June 2017

FINDINGS:
Findings regarding assessment of pre-test and post-
test level of knowledge of infertile women on
infertility showed that, in the pre-test out of 30
subjects majority 23 (76.67%) of them had
inadequate knowledge with a overall mean score of
8.37 (SD=4.37). But in the post-test majority of
infertile women 20 (66.67%) reported adequate
knowledge regarding infertility after the health
education programme with an overall mean score of
16.2 (SD=2.15).

Regarding the effectiveness of health education

programme the findings of the study showed that, the
overall knowledge score obtained by theinfertile
women in the pre-test was 8.37 and the post-test was
16.2 The overall improvement mean score was 7.83
with‘t’ value 06.09 which was significant at P<0.05
level.

The study findings also revealed that there was a no

significant association between the post-test
knowledge of theinfertile women and the selected
demographic variables such as occupation, socio
economic status, educational status, types of
marriage, duration of marriage, types of family,
numbers of children, spouse is staying together and
history of any disease at P<0.05.

CONCLUSION:
Theinfertile women had responded well after health
education programme in post-test. The study
concludes that, there was a significant difference
between post-test knowledge score and pre-test
knowledge score oftheinfertile women. Thus the
health education programme was found to be very
effective in improving the knowledge of the infertile
women on infertility.

REFERENCES:
1. D.C Datta 2003: Text book of Gynacology including
contraception, New Central Book Agency Pvt Ltd, Culcutta,
4th edition, Page no: 212-240.
2. V.L Bhargava 2009: text book of Gynacology, Ane Books
Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, 2nd edition, Page no: 264-276.
3. Andrews G 2001: women’s sexual health, bailliere Tindall,
Edinburg, 2nd edition.
4. [Link] 2010: A text book of Midwifery and
Gynecology, Vijayam Publication, Tirupathi, 1st edition,
Page no: 439-443.
5. Diane M Fraser, Margaret A. Cooper 2003: Myles Text book
for Midwifery, Churchill Livingstone, 14th edition, Page no:
174- 180.
6. Jenson. T.K et al 1998: Does moderate alcohol consumption
affect fertility? Follow-up study among couples planning first
pregnancy, British medical journal 317(7157): 505-510.
7. [Link]

158